The Blessed Maria Lorenza Longo, founder of the hospital of Santa Maria del Popolo degli Incurabili and the Order of the Capuchin Poor Clares in Naples, Italy, died on 21 October 1539 and was recently beatified on 9 October 2021. The relic, a fully skeletonized cranium, underwent visual and radiological inspection. The biological profile supports the at¬tribution of female sex of the relic, whereas the age at death is estimated to be younger than that reported by historians. A paleopathological survey was conducted to evaluate the historical reports of poisoning or rheumatoid arthritis affecting Maria Longo. Given the limited skeletal data, it was not possible to confirm the presence of these claims. No obvious in¬dicators of dietary deficiencies were observed, and the tertiary syphilis hypothesized by textual sources was excluded. Postmortem alterations of the relic were clearly visible on the superior aspect of the cranium and testified to the worship of the relic.
{"title":"Paleopathological Approach to the Study of a Christian Relic","authors":"M. Traversari","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"The Blessed Maria Lorenza Longo, founder of the hospital of Santa Maria del Popolo degli Incurabili and the Order of the Capuchin Poor Clares in Naples, Italy, died on 21 October 1539 and was recently beatified on 9 October 2021. The relic, a fully skeletonized cranium, underwent visual and radiological inspection. The biological profile supports the at¬tribution of female sex of the relic, whereas the age at death is estimated to be younger than that reported by historians. A paleopathological survey was conducted to evaluate the historical reports of poisoning or rheumatoid arthritis affecting Maria Longo. Given the limited skeletal data, it was not possible to confirm the presence of these claims. No obvious in¬dicators of dietary deficiencies were observed, and the tertiary syphilis hypothesized by textual sources was excluded. Postmortem alterations of the relic were clearly visible on the superior aspect of the cranium and testified to the worship of the relic.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70703287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kamboj, Chakraverti Mahajan, M. Sachdeva, M. Puri, N. Babu, K. Saraswathy
The present study assessed the relationship between primary infertility and obesity in women of Delhi, India, independently, and in light of various demographic trait, lifestyle and reproductive variables. The present study was a part of a major project funded by the National Commission for Women of India, Government of India. The data were collected from 334 women, including 167 fertile and 167 infertile individuals. A two-part pretested modified quantitative interview schedule was used to collect data. The first part of the interview schedule included demographic traits, reproductive profile and lifestyle variables. The second part consisted of anthropometric measurements for BMI which were taken using an anthropometric rod (height) and digital weighing scale (weight). All the data were analysed through SPSS 22.0. The results revealed a higher prevalence of obesity and underweight among infertile women. There is a clear-cut indication that usual risk factors of obesity like physical inactivity, increasing age, higher age at marriage, and infertility-related biological issues seem to be promoting obesity in combination with infertility. Public health education is needed to increase awareness about the age at marriage. As physical inactivity leads to obesity among infertile women, counselling, awareness raising or improvement of lifestyle factors should be considered in the infertility treatment protocol.
{"title":"Neplodnost i pretilost","authors":"N. Kamboj, Chakraverti Mahajan, M. Sachdeva, M. Puri, N. Babu, K. Saraswathy","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The present study assessed the relationship between primary infertility and obesity in women of Delhi, India, independently, and in light of various demographic trait, lifestyle and reproductive variables. The present study was a part of a major project funded by the National Commission for Women of India, Government of India. The data were collected from 334 women, including 167 fertile and 167 infertile individuals. A two-part pretested modified quantitative interview schedule was used to collect data. The first part of the interview schedule included demographic traits, reproductive profile and lifestyle variables. The second part consisted of anthropometric measurements for BMI which were taken using an anthropometric rod (height) and digital weighing scale (weight). All the data were analysed through SPSS 22.0. The results revealed a higher prevalence of obesity and underweight among infertile women. There is a clear-cut indication that usual risk factors of obesity like physical inactivity, increasing age, higher age at marriage, and infertility-related biological issues seem to be promoting obesity in combination with infertility. Public health education is needed to increase awareness about the age at marriage. As physical inactivity leads to obesity among infertile women, counselling, awareness raising or improvement of lifestyle factors should be considered in the infertility treatment protocol.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70701782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social network of each individual plays a significant role in the aging process, while at the same time social support is considered as one of the major factors attributing to quality of life of the elderly. Insufficient social inclusion of an individual leads to loneliness as a consequence of the lack of social relations, which commonly occurs among older people and greatly affects their quality of life. The aim of this paper is to explore the perception of the social support for elderly and disabled people in care homes and its impact onto their life satisfaction, as well as correlation between social support and loneliness. The instruments used in the research were the Social Provisions Scale, a general measure to evaluate current relations with important people in a person’s life, and Socio-Demographic Data Questionnaire. The sample involved 113 people over 65 in care homes for elderly and disabled in Dubrovnik-Neretva County. The results have shown that there are differences in quality of life of the elderly in care homes as well as in their life satisfaction with regard to social sup¬port, and also that there is a correlation between the lack of support and loneliness. Furthermore, the research results have shown that there are no statistically significant gender differences in the quality of life of the elderly with social support.
每个个体的社会网络在老龄化过程中发挥着重要作用，同时社会支持也被认为是影响老年人生活质量的主要因素之一。由于缺乏社会关系，个人的社会包容不足导致孤独，这通常发生在老年人中，并极大地影响了他们的生活质量。本研究旨在探讨长者及残障人士对安老院社会支持的认知及对其生活满意度的影响，以及社会支持与孤独感的相关关系。研究中使用的工具是社会保障量表(Social Provisions Scale)和社会人口统计数据问卷(Social - demographic Data Questionnaire)。社会保障量表是一种评估个人生活中与重要人物当前关系的一般措施。样本包括113名65岁以上的老人，他们住在杜布罗夫尼克-涅列特瓦县的老年人和残疾人养老院。研究结果显示，在社会支持方面，养老院老人的生活质量和生活满意度存在差异，而且缺乏支持与孤独之间存在相关性。此外，研究结果显示，社会支持老年人的生活质量在性别上没有统计学上的显著差异。
{"title":"The Influence of Social Support on Life Satisfaction of Elderly People in Care Homes","authors":"Sanja Zoranić, M. Sajko, M. Županić, G. Knežević","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Social network of each individual plays a significant role in the aging process, while at the same time social support is considered as one of the major factors attributing to quality of life of the elderly. Insufficient social inclusion of an individual leads to loneliness as a consequence of the lack of social relations, which commonly occurs among older people and greatly affects their quality of life. The aim of this paper is to explore the perception of the social support for elderly and disabled people in care homes and its impact onto their life satisfaction, as well as correlation between social support and loneliness. The instruments used in the research were the Social Provisions Scale, a general measure to evaluate current relations with important people in a person’s life, and Socio-Demographic Data Questionnaire. The sample involved 113 people over 65 in care homes for elderly and disabled in Dubrovnik-Neretva County. The results have shown that there are differences in quality of life of the elderly in care homes as well as in their life satisfaction with regard to social sup¬port, and also that there is a correlation between the lack of support and loneliness. Furthermore, the research results have shown that there are no statistically significant gender differences in the quality of life of the elderly with social support.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70701840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Perinić Lewis, P. Rajić Šikanjić, Maja Miloš, B. Kolarić
On islands and in island communities, especially smaller and more isolated ones, epidemics were often of greater intensity and left more significant consequences than on the mainland. The unique characteristics of an island (size, remoteness, isolation, small population size, and several manageable access points) affect the transmission of mainland epidemics and their frequency. The current global COVID-19 pandemic is an opportunity to investigate how the infection and epidemiological measures affected the life and death of island communities. The pandemic has brought mass death into our daily lives and altered the way people grieve, commemorate and remember their deceased. This paper presents the experiences and feelings of people during the COVID-19 pandemic on Croatian islands, with a focus on death, funerals, mourning, and the loss of family members. Due to the impossibility of carrying out the usual practices related to the funeral because of COVID-19 restrictions, the process of mourning and dealing with the loss of loved ones was difficult. Island communities accepted the new rules and adapted to the new circumstances but indicated that island-specific and more flexible crisis management should be applied during this health crisis. Some epidemiological measures, such as social distancing, internal island travel restrictions, and reduced gatherings, were highlighted by islanders as challenging and sometimes unnecessarily strict for some islands and their specific situations. For family members of those who died from COVID-19, additional factors and challenges have complicated their loss. Digital and social media were used to connect people and helped in coping with mourning in solitude and isolation. In this global pandemic, island communities responded to the impact of pandemic crises and adapted to new circumstances of the “new normal”.
{"title":"Death, Funerals and Mourning on the Croatian Islands During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Ana Perinić Lewis, P. Rajić Šikanjić, Maja Miloš, B. Kolarić","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"On islands and in island communities, especially smaller and more isolated ones, epidemics were often of greater intensity and left more significant consequences than on the mainland. The unique characteristics of an island (size, remoteness, isolation, small population size, and several manageable access points) affect the transmission of mainland epidemics and their frequency. The current global COVID-19 pandemic is an opportunity to investigate how the infection and epidemiological measures affected the life and death of island communities. The pandemic has brought mass death into our daily lives and altered the way people grieve, commemorate and remember their deceased. This paper presents the experiences and feelings of people during the COVID-19 pandemic on Croatian islands, with a focus on death, funerals, mourning, and the loss of family members. Due to the impossibility of carrying out the usual practices related to the funeral because of COVID-19 restrictions, the process of mourning and dealing with the loss of loved ones was difficult. Island communities accepted the new rules and adapted to the new circumstances but indicated that island-specific and more flexible crisis management should be applied during this health crisis. Some epidemiological measures, such as social distancing, internal island travel restrictions, and reduced gatherings, were highlighted by islanders as challenging and sometimes unnecessarily strict for some islands and their specific situations. For family members of those who died from COVID-19, additional factors and challenges have complicated their loss. Digital and social media were used to connect people and helped in coping with mourning in solitude and isolation. In this global pandemic, island communities responded to the impact of pandemic crises and adapted to new circumstances of the “new normal”.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70702715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jopkiewicz, Monika Zaręba, A. Jopkiewicz, S. Kozieł
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of place of residence on the health-related fitness (H-RF) of university students from Kielce, Poland. The research included 632 first-year students from the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce between 2015-2017. The research analyzed two basic components of H-RF─ morphological and circulatory-respiratory. In terms of the morphological component, body height and weight, as well as BMI were measured. In terms of the circulatory-respiratory component, the V̇O2max was calculated utilizing the Astrand test, that allows the assessment of V̇O2max in l / min and V̇O2max in ml / kg / min and PWC170. Data regarding place of permanent residence of the students and physical activity in their free time were collected using a questionnaire. In this respect, the urban and rural environment were distinguished. Using the Vigorous Physical Activity index, two categories of physical activity in free time were distinguished, i.e. moderate and low. The obtained results indicate a differentiation of H-RF of the student, both in relation to the place of permanent residence and physical activity in their free time, that was slightly more pronounced in men than in women. This may denote that men are more eco-sensitive, meaning that they might be more susceptible to the influence of environmental factors.
本研究的目的是评估居住地点对波兰基尔采大学生健康相关体能(H-RF)的影响。该研究包括2015-2017年间基尔采扬·科查诺夫斯基大学的632名一年级学生。研究分析了H-RF的两个基本组成部分──形态学和循环呼吸。在形态成分方面，测量了身高和体重，以及BMI。在循环呼吸组分方面，使用Astrand试验计算V²O2max，该试验可以评估V²O2max (l / min)、V²O2max (ml / kg / min)和PWC170。通过问卷调查收集学生的常住地点和业余时间的体育活动数据。在这方面，城市和农村的环境是有区别的。利用剧烈体力活动指数，将业余时间体力活动分为中等和低两类。所获得的结果表明，学生的H-RF在永久居住地和业余时间的体育活动方面存在差异，男性的差异略高于女性。这可能表明男性对生态更敏感，这意味着他们可能更容易受到环境因素的影响。
{"title":"The Influence Of Urbanization Level Of Residence On The Health-Related Fitness Of University Students","authors":"A. Jopkiewicz, Monika Zaręba, A. Jopkiewicz, S. Kozieł","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the influence of place of residence on the health-related fitness (H-RF) of university students from Kielce, Poland. The research included 632 first-year students from the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce between 2015-2017. The research analyzed two basic components of H-RF─ morphological and circulatory-respiratory. In terms of the morphological component, body height and weight, as well as BMI were measured. In terms of the circulatory-respiratory component, the V̇O2max was calculated utilizing the Astrand test, that allows the assessment of V̇O2max in l / min and V̇O2max in ml / kg / min and PWC170. Data regarding place of permanent residence of the students and physical activity in their free time were collected using a questionnaire. In this respect, the urban and rural environment were distinguished. Using the Vigorous Physical Activity index, two categories of physical activity in free time were distinguished, i.e. moderate and low. The obtained results indicate a differentiation of H-RF of the student, both in relation to the place of permanent residence and physical activity in their free time, that was slightly more pronounced in men than in women. This may denote that men are more eco-sensitive, meaning that they might be more susceptible to the influence of environmental factors.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70703242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Babić, Gordana Kamenečki, M. Milošević, J. Završnik, D. Železnik
The presence of chronic disease and lack of social support have negative impact on functional capacity in later life. The aim of this study was to determine the possible connections between the alteration in functional abilities and access to sources of social support with the occurrence of depression in elderly persons with chronic disease. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 151 subjects with cardiovascular diseases at the age of 60 and above using standardized questionnaires. Groningen Activity Restriction Scale (GARS), Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ), and Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS) were used to identify the presence of limitations in functional status, availability of social support and symptoms of depression. Multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to assess multivariate influence of significant variables on inclusion in the indicative depression group. Spearman’s rho coefficient was used to analyze correlation between GARS, GDS and FSSQ. GDS score ≥10 (indicative depression) was obtained by 15 (9.9%) participants and scores in the range 6–9 (suspected depression) by 21 (13.9%) participants. There were no significant correlations between the scores on the depression assessment scale and the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. Binary logistic regression showed that with GARS increasing by a single unit, the chance of having depression significantly rises by 7% (OR: 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.13; P=0.013) while when FSSQ increases by a single unit, that chance drops nearly 2.5 times (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23–0.70; P=0.001). The development of functional limitations and reduced level of social support are connected with the occurrence of depression. Creation of programs that will encourage the preservation of functional independence and enable effective social assistance can make a significant contribution to maintaining the mental health of elderly persons with chronic diseases.
{"title":"Functional Independence and Social Support as Mediators in the Maintenance of Mental Health among Elderly Persons with Chronic Diseases","authors":"D. Babić, Gordana Kamenečki, M. Milošević, J. Završnik, D. Železnik","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of chronic disease and lack of social support have negative impact on functional capacity in later life. The aim of this study was to determine the possible connections between the alteration in functional abilities and access to sources of social support with the occurrence of depression in elderly persons with chronic disease. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 151 subjects with cardiovascular diseases at the age of 60 and above using standardized questionnaires. Groningen Activity Restriction Scale (GARS), Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ), and Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS) were used to identify the presence of limitations in functional status, availability of social support and symptoms of depression. Multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to assess multivariate influence of significant variables on inclusion in the indicative depression group. Spearman’s rho coefficient was used to analyze correlation between GARS, GDS and FSSQ. GDS score ≥10 (indicative depression) was obtained by 15 (9.9%) participants and scores in the range 6–9 (suspected depression) by 21 (13.9%) participants. There were no significant correlations between the scores on the depression assessment scale and the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. Binary logistic regression showed that with GARS increasing by a single unit, the chance of having depression significantly rises by 7% (OR: 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.13; P=0.013) while when FSSQ increases by a single unit, that chance drops nearly 2.5 times (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23–0.70; P=0.001). The development of functional limitations and reduced level of social support are connected with the occurrence of depression. Creation of programs that will encourage the preservation of functional independence and enable effective social assistance can make a significant contribution to maintaining the mental health of elderly persons with chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70699759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Russo, M. Čagalj, Iris Jerončić Tomić, N. Poljak, Viviana Radica, Zlatko Kljaić, R. Mulić, I. Banjari, D. Roje
Pregnancy outcomes are under the influence of maternal characteristics and environmental factors, diet being the most important. The benefits of the Mediterranean diet on all health indicators, including pregnancy, are well documented, placing at the top of the world’s healthiest diets. The aim was to investigate whether pregnant women living in the Mediterranean part of Croatia have better pregnancy outcomes in comparison to women living in the continental region. Observational longitudinal study was conducted in two Croatia’s regions: continental (city of Osijek and surrounding area) and coastal (city of Split and surrounding area). Even though women for the coastal region gained more weight during pregnancy (p=0.048) and prolonged gestation (p<0.001), maternal nutritional status has a higher influence on offspring’s nutritional status at delivery among women from the continental region. The incidence of pregnancy disorders (p<0.001) is higher among women from the continental region. Maternal weight prior to delivery was associated with caesarean section in both regions. Despite an unfavorable maternal nutritional status, both prior and during gestation and prolonged gestation, offspring’s nutritional status is better in the Mediterranean part of Croatia.
{"title":"Outcome of Pregnancy and Maternal Weight in Women Living in Coastal and Continental Croatia","authors":"Andrea Russo, M. Čagalj, Iris Jerončić Tomić, N. Poljak, Viviana Radica, Zlatko Kljaić, R. Mulić, I. Banjari, D. Roje","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy outcomes are under the influence of maternal characteristics and environmental factors, diet being the most important. The benefits of the Mediterranean diet on all health indicators, including pregnancy, are well documented, placing at the top of the world’s healthiest diets. The aim was to investigate whether pregnant women living in the Mediterranean part of Croatia have better pregnancy outcomes in comparison to women living in the continental region. Observational longitudinal study was conducted in two Croatia’s regions: continental (city of Osijek and surrounding area) and coastal (city of Split and surrounding area). Even though women for the coastal region gained more weight during pregnancy (p=0.048) and prolonged gestation (p<0.001), maternal nutritional status has a higher influence on offspring’s nutritional status at delivery among women from the continental region. The incidence of pregnancy disorders (p<0.001) is higher among women from the continental region. Maternal weight prior to delivery was associated with caesarean section in both regions. Despite an unfavorable maternal nutritional status, both prior and during gestation and prolonged gestation, offspring’s nutritional status is better in the Mediterranean part of Croatia.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70701829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mato Brautović, Julijana Antić Brautović, Romana John
Although, 30-years ago, there was a limited number of computer networks and computers in the former Yugoslavia, as well as worldwide, they were used by academia and the elites, who had enough knowledge and access to computers and to modems. Their views on the political situation, which have been preserved in the digital world, may give valuable insight into events, and, notably, about how these elites perceived/participated in the collapse of the State, and how the public in different Yugoslavian republics articulated their views. The main problem relating to this kind of approach was the limited resources that were available, as the majority of the digital documents have been lost forever, so studying this topic through the use of pre-web digital documents looked more like digital archeology, and less like historical/textual analysis. This paper was written based on two case studies: the bulletin board systems (BBS) Sezam BBS, and the e-mail distribution list Pisma Bralcev, and how they were used to report on the Yugoslav People's Army’s attacks on Dubrovnik and Vukovar in Fall, 1991. In the first case, the study examines ‘Sezam BBS’, which was based in Belgrade and was used by Serbian, Croatian and Slovenian academics, politicians and journalists, and was, at the time, the most popular forum open to the public, and was under no government control. The second case was the email distribution list, Pisma Bralcev, which was run by Slovenian academics and was used for the distribution of news abroad. The data for analysis was collected through archival research on original discussions, e-mails, reports, etc. The main findings show that the bulletin board systems, discussion groups and e-mail enabled the first forums for the exchange of opposing ideas, and they became places in which the Yugoslavian elite could be informed beyond the information that was given by the mass media and politically controlled sources.
{"title":"Use of Pre-web Computer Networks to Give Information About the Attacks on Dubrovnik and Vukovar","authors":"Mato Brautović, Julijana Antić Brautović, Romana John","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Although, 30-years ago, there was a limited number of computer networks and computers in the former Yugoslavia, as well as worldwide, they were used by academia and the elites, who had enough knowledge and access to computers and to modems. Their views on the political situation, which have been preserved in the digital world, may give valuable insight into events, and, notably, about how these elites perceived/participated in the collapse of the State, and how the public in different Yugoslavian republics articulated their views. The main problem relating to this kind of approach was the limited resources that were available, as the majority of the digital documents have been lost forever, so studying this topic through the use of pre-web digital documents looked more like digital archeology, and less like historical/textual analysis. This paper was written based on two case studies: the bulletin board systems (BBS) Sezam BBS, and the e-mail distribution list Pisma Bralcev, and how they were used to report on the Yugoslav People's Army’s attacks on Dubrovnik and Vukovar in Fall, 1991. In the first case, the study examines ‘Sezam BBS’, which was based in Belgrade and was used by Serbian, Croatian and Slovenian academics, politicians and journalists, and was, at the time, the most popular forum open to the public, and was under no government control. The second case was the email distribution list, Pisma Bralcev, which was run by Slovenian academics and was used for the distribution of news abroad. The data for analysis was collected through archival research on original discussions, e-mails, reports, etc. The main findings show that the bulletin board systems, discussion groups and e-mail enabled the first forums for the exchange of opposing ideas, and they became places in which the Yugoslavian elite could be informed beyond the information that was given by the mass media and politically controlled sources.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70703167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Holik, Ljiljana Majnarić-Trtica, Helena Javorček, Antun Bajun, Stjepan Rudan, Bruno Popić, Andrea Milostić-Srb
The aim of the study was to examine the overall level of empathy, its affective and cognitive aspects, the level of psychological stress, and to determine the relationship between empathy, emotions and psychological stress in nurses and health technicians employed at the Clinical Hospital Center Osijek. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2019 among 152 nurses and health technicians using the authors personally prepared questionnaire, and standard questionnaires BES, PANAS and K10 to evaluate empathy, positive and negative emotions and psychological distress of respondents. Respondents exhibited a middle – a higher degree of total empathy (median 50 and interquartile range of 43–56), with more emphasized affective than cognitive component. Psychological distress was confirmed in 65% of respondents. There was a correlation between affective and cognitive empathy (p<0.001, r = 0.355). People with a higher degree of distress also had more negative emotions that tended to increase with increasing distress (p <0.001, r = 0.426). Healthcare workers are mostly empathic and in a great deal exhibit psychological distress. It is necessary to carry out systematic surveys among health personnel to determine the empathy and distress levels to detect the risk groups who need help with stress prevention.
本研究旨在考察奥西耶克临床医院中心护士和卫生技术人员共情、情感和认知方面的总体水平、心理压力水平，并确定共情、情绪和心理压力之间的关系。本研究于2019年3月至6月对152名护士和卫生技术人员进行了横断面研究，采用作者亲自编制的问卷，以及BES、PANAS和K10标准问卷，对受访者的共情、积极情绪和消极情绪以及心理困扰进行了评估。被调查者表现出中等至较高程度的共情(中位数50，四分位数范围为43-56)，情感成分比认知成分更强调。65%的受访者确认存在心理困扰。情感共情与认知共情存在相关性(p<0.001, r = 0.355)。痛苦程度越高的人也有更多的负面情绪，并且随着痛苦程度的增加而增加(p <0.001, r = 0.426)。医疗工作者大多有同理心，在很大程度上表现出心理困扰。有必要对卫生人员进行系统调查，确定其共情和痛苦程度，以发现需要帮助预防压力的风险群体。
{"title":"The Level of Empathy and Psychological Distress in Nurses and Health Technicians","authors":"D. Holik, Ljiljana Majnarić-Trtica, Helena Javorček, Antun Bajun, Stjepan Rudan, Bruno Popić, Andrea Milostić-Srb","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to examine the overall level of empathy, its affective and cognitive aspects, the level of psychological stress, and to determine the relationship between empathy, emotions and psychological stress in nurses and health technicians employed at the Clinical Hospital Center Osijek. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2019 among 152 nurses and health technicians using the authors personally prepared questionnaire, and standard questionnaires BES, PANAS and K10 to evaluate empathy, positive and negative emotions and psychological distress of respondents. Respondents exhibited a middle – a higher degree of total empathy (median 50 and interquartile range of 43–56), with more emphasized affective than cognitive component. Psychological distress was confirmed in 65% of respondents. There was a correlation between affective and cognitive empathy (p<0.001, r = 0.355). People with a higher degree of distress also had more negative emotions that tended to increase with increasing distress (p <0.001, r = 0.426). Healthcare workers are mostly empathic and in a great deal exhibit psychological distress. It is necessary to carry out systematic surveys among health personnel to determine the empathy and distress levels to detect the risk groups who need help with stress prevention.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70699700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Balinova, M. Dzhaubermezov, S. Rootsi, M. Reidla, J. Parik, N. Spitsyna, R. Zinchenko, G. El’chinova, E. Khusnutdinova, S. Litvinov, Elena Ayyzhi, I. Khomyakova
We analyzed the data on the variability of the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in populations of the Tsaatans of Mongolia and the Tozhu Tuvans of Russia. The populations studied are characterized by low genetic diver¬sity for both marker systems. The analysis of Y chromosome haplogroups in the Tsaatan and Tozhu revealed three hap¬logroups in the Tsaatan and seven haplogroups in the Tozhu. The composition of the haplogroups is coherent to literature data on the Tuvans, which is explained by common origin. According to the data on mitochondrial DNA variability, 12 haplogroups were determined in 46 Tozhus, of which C4b (30.43%) and F1b1b (23.91%) are major haplogroups. According to the HVS–1 (HyperVariable Segment) data, 15 haplotypes were found in the Tozhu Tuvans and the diversity coefficient of 0.8677 turned out to be much lower than among the Torghut of Mongolia (0.9857). In 23 Tsaatans, 14 haplogroups were determined; the most common of which are C4b (22.73%) and C5a1 (18.18%). According to HVS-1, 14 haplotypes were revealed in the Tsaatan, the diversity is 0.9486. The data obtained on uniparental marker systems in the Tozhus and Tsaatans are due to the isolated and inaccessible taiga region and the manifestation of the “founder effect”. The Tsaatans are less polymorphic in terms of the variety of Y chromosome haplogroups, while the Tozhus are less polymorphic in terms of mitochondrial DNA, which is probably a consequence of a high rate of endogamic marriages in the populations studied.
{"title":"Analysis of Polymorphism of Uniparental Markers in Reindeer-Herding Populations","authors":"N. Balinova, M. Dzhaubermezov, S. Rootsi, M. Reidla, J. Parik, N. Spitsyna, R. Zinchenko, G. El’chinova, E. Khusnutdinova, S. Litvinov, Elena Ayyzhi, I. Khomyakova","doi":"10.5671/ca.46.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed the data on the variability of the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in populations of the Tsaatans of Mongolia and the Tozhu Tuvans of Russia. The populations studied are characterized by low genetic diver¬sity for both marker systems. The analysis of Y chromosome haplogroups in the Tsaatan and Tozhu revealed three hap¬logroups in the Tsaatan and seven haplogroups in the Tozhu. The composition of the haplogroups is coherent to literature data on the Tuvans, which is explained by common origin. According to the data on mitochondrial DNA variability, 12 haplogroups were determined in 46 Tozhus, of which C4b (30.43%) and F1b1b (23.91%) are major haplogroups. According to the HVS–1 (HyperVariable Segment) data, 15 haplotypes were found in the Tozhu Tuvans and the diversity coefficient of 0.8677 turned out to be much lower than among the Torghut of Mongolia (0.9857). In 23 Tsaatans, 14 haplogroups were determined; the most common of which are C4b (22.73%) and C5a1 (18.18%). According to HVS-1, 14 haplotypes were revealed in the Tsaatan, the diversity is 0.9486. The data obtained on uniparental marker systems in the Tozhus and Tsaatans are due to the isolated and inaccessible taiga region and the manifestation of the “founder effect”. The Tsaatans are less polymorphic in terms of the variety of Y chromosome haplogroups, while the Tozhus are less polymorphic in terms of mitochondrial DNA, which is probably a consequence of a high rate of endogamic marriages in the populations studied.","PeriodicalId":35544,"journal":{"name":"Collegium Antropologicum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70701379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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