Breastfeeding Review最新文献

The increasing survival of preterm infants brings difficulties in achieving the best growth rates for them while in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This paper describes an innovative approach of using breastmilk to maximise a preterm infant's growth rate. Using a novel feeding plan, an improved rate of growth was achieved in a preterm infant despite fluid restriction. The feeding plan involved alternating stored preterm milk, which is known to be high in protein, with fresh hindmilk, milk collected at the end of an expression, which is higher in fat. A subsequent review of the literature found that this approach had not been described elsewhere. Counselling, education and support to mothers that enables the harnessing of breastmilk composition, or lactoengineering, could improve growth rates in preterm infants.

The results from these recent studies demonstrate that breastfeeding has a much larger role to play in maintaining physical and mental health than we have previously believed. It's not just the milk. Because breastfeeding increases maternal responsivity, it makes the day-to-day experience of mothering more tolerable. It increases the chances that the babies will be securely attached and will not have their stress and inflammatory response systems chronically up-regulated. Breastfeeding is so much more than just a method of feeding. It's a way of caring for a baby that will provide a lifetime's worth of good health because it provides a way for mothers to connect with their babies, even if they did not experience that kind of care themselves. In short, breastfeeding can make the world a happier and healthier place, one mother and baby at a time.

Background: In 2011, the Centenary Hospital Neonatal Department guidelines were modified and recommended delaying the division of infant tongue-tie (TT) until after 7 days of life. This paper looks at the effect of these guidelines in practice by comparing patient characteristics and breastfeeding practices before and after the change.

Methods: We used prospective data from mothers and babies who had TT division to compare breastfeeding practices in 2008 and 2011. Data included: gestational age (GA), birth-weight (BWt), gender, age at TT division, degrees of TT and maternal feeding pre/post TT division.

Results: There were no significant differences between the 2 years in the rate of TT division, 115/2471 (4.7%) vs 144/2891 (5.0%) (TT divided/birth number) or GA 39.6 ± 1.2 vs 39.5 ± 1.2 (weeks); BWt 3.48 ± 0.45 vs 3.52 ± 0.50 (kg); and Male:Female 77:38 (2.0:1.0) vs 91:53 (1.7:1.0). There was, however, an increase in the age the TT was divided 6.5 ± 4.5 vs 9.7 ± 6.2 (days) p < 0.0001; and an increased number of mothers unable to continue breastfeeding and providing expressed breastmilk: 4/115 (3.5%) vs 25/144 (17.4%) p = 0.0004 (expressing/divided). A majority (> 90%) of mothers noted an immediate improvement in feeding and decreased nipple pain. No significant complications occurred.

Conclusion: The rate of TT division did not change after the implementation of new guidelines post 2011. However, there has been a significant increase in the age at TT division and the number of mothers unable to breastfeed, primarily due to nipple pain and poor attachment. If feeding is problematic, the TT should be divided as early as possible to reduce breastfeeding cessation and improve breastfeeding satisfaction.

The purpose of this research was to highlight and compare immigrant Sudanese women's infant feeding choices and patterns before and after moving to a regional city in Queensland, Australia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 Sudanese mothers who had birthed and breastfed babies both in Africa and Toowoomba. This qualitative research project supported previous research indicating a trend for immigrant women's breastfeeding duration to decline when they moved to another country. The outcomes of this research suggest that the reasons for this decline are complex. The authors conclude that a lack of social support, language difficulties and wanting to fit in with particular Western practices are contributing factors.

Many mothers initiate breastfeeding, but some of these experience difficulties. This study has two aims in order to contribute to the development of optimal care for these mothers: firstly to explain and understand the existential meanings of one mother's severe initial breastfeeding difficulties and how these meanings affected her continued breastfeeding and secondly, to reflect on a method for applying lifeworld hermeneutics to research on complex breastfeeding phenomena. This is an approach that acknowledges and focuses on the concrete and lived existence and what it means for humans. Within this approach, humans are understood as whole human beings interacting in the world. The study was conducted using lifeworld interviews with Anna, focusing on meanings of her difficult lived experience of initial breastfeeding. The existential interpretation suggests that such an experience can evoke existential vulnerability, a vulnerability that becomes evident in shameful feelings, such as dislike of breastfeeding, aversion to the milk-producing body and anger towards the child. Anna continued breastfeeding as a way to rid herself of the shame, hoping to be confirmed as a good mother. Such an experience may have negative consequences for the mother-child relationship and it can create fear for future breastfeeding. This study concludes that carers should be aware of individual existential dimensions for breastfeeding mothers.