Future defense systems cannot maintain the large-scale military force they currently have owing to population decline. Accordingly, the paradigm of military force construction and operation must change from being quantity-to quality-oriented. These changes render the effects of existing defense policies ineffective and highlight that the policies need to be updated. This study analyzes the preferred defense policy in the future defense environment using AHP. This is because efficient allocation and utilization of limited resources and rational decision-making according to policy priorities and in accordance with the paradigm shift in the construction and operation of future defense systems are necessary. The results reveal that the most important policy priority is utilizing science and technology effectively in the future defense. In addition, the policy priorities should be given to policies that focus on the development of weapons systems and acquisition of skilled manpower.
{"title":"Analysis of future defense policy priorities with AHP","authors":"Dongmin Kim, Kwanpyo Bae","doi":"10.37944/jams.v6i1.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v6i1.184","url":null,"abstract":"Future defense systems cannot maintain the large-scale military force they currently have owing to population decline. Accordingly, the paradigm of military force construction and operation must change from being quantity-to quality-oriented. These changes render the effects of existing defense policies ineffective and highlight that the policies need to be updated. This study analyzes the preferred defense policy in the future defense environment using AHP. This is because efficient allocation and utilization of limited resources and rational decision-making according to policy priorities and in accordance with the paradigm shift in the construction and operation of future defense systems are necessary. The results reveal that the most important policy priority is utilizing science and technology effectively in the future defense. In addition, the policy priorities should be given to policies that focus on the development of weapons systems and acquisition of skilled manpower.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133269139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A chemical material stockpile reliability program (CSRP) that determines the usability, safety, reliability, and performance of chemical equipment and materials is developed to determine the storage or disposal of chemical material stockpile (Storage Chemical Equipment and Material Reliability Evaluation Instruction, 2019). However, current inspection for current CSRP depend on test and evaluation of criteria for level of importance, and so the number of samples and acceptance quality limit (AQL) are presented based on the lot size. All the processes are conducted under KS Q ISO 2859-1, and the defect rate of the entire lot of CSRP items is generally assumed to be a distribution that is similar to a binomial distribution. However, the pass-fail test for CSRP items is based on approximately 10 test items, and the factors that cause defects in these items are also heterogeneous. We propose a new methodology for estimating the defect rates of CSRP items based on Monte Carlo simulations, which are widely used in various academic fields. In addition, we show the future applicability of the methodology by applying it to the K1 gas mask case and revealing the results of the defect rate estimation. We also present future work, including the need for a standard sample of CSRP items.
制定了确定化学设备和材料的可用性、安全性、可靠性和性能的化学材料库存可靠性计划(CSRP)，以确定化学材料库存的存储或处置(存储化学设备和材料可靠性评估指南，2019)。然而，当前对当前CSRP的检查依赖于对重要程度标准的测试和评估，因此样品数量和验收质量限制(AQL)是基于批量大小提出的。所有工序均按照KS Q ISO 2859-1进行，一般假设CSRP产品的整批不良率为类似二项分布的分布。然而，CSRP项目的通过-失败测试基于大约10个测试项目，并且在这些项目中导致缺陷的因素也是异构的。本文提出了一种基于蒙特卡罗模拟的CSRP项目缺陷率估算新方法，该方法已广泛应用于各个学术领域。此外，我们通过将该方法应用于K1防毒面具案例并揭示缺陷率估计的结果，展示了该方法的未来适用性。我们还提出了未来的工作，包括对CSRP项目标准样品的需求。
{"title":"Monte Carlo simulation-based defect ratio estimation approach for a chemical materials stockpile reliability program","authors":"Seung-Ho Baik, Wukki Kim, Nam-rye Lee, Haeyen Yi, Yong-Ju Jeong, Namsu Ahn","doi":"10.37944/jams.v6i1.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v6i1.179","url":null,"abstract":"A chemical material stockpile reliability program (CSRP) that determines the usability, safety, reliability, and performance of chemical equipment and materials is developed to determine the storage or disposal of chemical material stockpile (Storage Chemical Equipment and Material Reliability Evaluation Instruction, 2019). However, current inspection for current CSRP depend on test and evaluation of criteria for level of importance, and so the number of samples and acceptance quality limit (AQL) are presented based on the lot size. All the processes are conducted under KS Q ISO 2859-1, and the defect rate of the entire lot of CSRP items is generally assumed to be a distribution that is similar to a binomial distribution. However, the pass-fail test for CSRP items is based on approximately 10 test items, and the factors that cause defects in these items are also heterogeneous. We propose a new methodology for estimating the defect rates of CSRP items based on Monte Carlo simulations, which are widely used in various academic fields. In addition, we show the future applicability of the methodology by applying it to the K1 gas mask case and revealing the results of the defect rate estimation. We also present future work, including the need for a standard sample of CSRP items.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133795108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We analyze the combat effectiveness and efficiency of the firearm weapon systems with stochastic simulations approach. Such combat effectiveness and efficiency are related with the precision of weapon systems, but the precision varies greatly depending on the projectile guidance method of the weapon system. Thus, this study conducted a stochastic simulation based on a mathematical model considering different projectile guidance methods. The simulation was designed assuming Counter-Artillery Fire, which is an important battle that must be successful in order to achieve a firepower advantage in the early stages of the war, and is suitable for judging the combat effectiveness and efficiency due to the precision of the firearm weapons system. Combat effectiveness and efficiency are judged as the result of damage probability, damage type, and desired shooting frequency, and damage probability and damage type represent combat effectiveness, and desired shooting frequency represents efficiency. The simulation environment deployed and simulated an enemy artillery unit with a size of 1,000m × 750m in the target area (6 guns), and applied the killing range of each firearm weapon system. For the description of the damage, the mathematical models Carlton damage function and the cookie cutter damage function were applied, and Monte Carlo simulation was applied to simulate the uncertainty of the battlefield. The results of the present study can be provided basic data to effectively operate and plan the firearm weapon systems.
采用随机仿真方法分析了火器武器系统的作战效能和效率。这种作战效能和效率与武器系统的精度有关，但由于武器系统的制导方式不同，精度差异很大。因此，本研究基于考虑不同弹丸制导方法的数学模型进行了随机仿真。该仿真以反火炮射击为前提进行设计，反火炮射击是战争初期取得火力优势必须取得成功的重要战斗，并且由于火器武器系统的精度，适合判断作战效能和效率。战斗力和效率是由伤害概率、伤害类型和期望射击频率共同判断的结果，伤害概率和伤害类型代表战斗力，期望射击频率代表效率。模拟环境在目标区部署和模拟了1个1000 m × 750m的敌方炮兵单位(6门火炮)，并应用了各火器武器系统的杀伤距离。对于损伤的描述，采用卡尔顿损伤函数和饼干切割损伤函数的数学模型，并采用蒙特卡罗仿真方法模拟战场的不确定性。研究结果可为有效操作和规划火器武器系统提供基础数据。
{"title":"Combat effectiveness and efficiency evaluation of firearm weapon systems in different projectile guidance simulations","authors":"Yunyoung Jung, Jonghwa Kim","doi":"10.37944/jams.v6i1.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v6i1.196","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the combat effectiveness and efficiency of the firearm weapon systems with stochastic simulations approach. Such combat effectiveness and efficiency are related with the precision of weapon systems, but the precision varies greatly depending on the projectile guidance method of the weapon system. Thus, this study conducted a stochastic simulation based on a mathematical model considering different projectile guidance methods. The simulation was designed assuming Counter-Artillery Fire, which is an important battle that must be successful in order to achieve a firepower advantage in the early stages of the war, and is suitable for judging the combat effectiveness and efficiency due to the precision of the firearm weapons system. Combat effectiveness and efficiency are judged as the result of damage probability, damage type, and desired shooting frequency, and damage probability and damage type represent combat effectiveness, and desired shooting frequency represents efficiency. The simulation environment deployed and simulated an enemy artillery unit with a size of 1,000m × 750m in the target area (6 guns), and applied the killing range of each firearm weapon system. For the description of the damage, the mathematical models Carlton damage function and the cookie cutter damage function were applied, and Monte Carlo simulation was applied to simulate the uncertainty of the battlefield. The results of the present study can be provided basic data to effectively operate and plan the firearm weapon systems.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129547145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explored methods for reducing job burnout among organizational members working in highly stressful job environments from the perspective of positive organizational scholarship. In particular, we focused on the role of authentic leadership, an alternative leadership concept that has recently received much attention in the leadership literature. To explain the mechanism underlying the effects of authentic leadership on job burnout, the mediating effect of positive psychological capitals (PsyCap), a critical variable of positive psychology, was analyzed. To examine the proposed hypotheses, data were collected through a survey of employees of the Defense Acquisition Program Administration and analyzed. The results of the analyses demonstrate that authentic leadership has positive effects on team members' positive PsyCap, which in turn reduces their job burnout. In particular, in the relationship between authentic leadership and job burnout, all sub-factors of team members’ positive psychological capital revealed partial mediating effects, with the most significant mediating effect being optimism. Based on the results, we propose several suggestions to strengthen both authentic leadership and positive PsyCap within military organizations.
{"title":"Authentic leadership and job burnout: Mediating effects of positive psychological capitals","authors":"Sunggeun Kim, Jungsik Kim","doi":"10.37944/jams.v6i1.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v6i1.188","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored methods for reducing job burnout among organizational members working in highly stressful job environments from the perspective of positive organizational scholarship. In particular, we focused on the role of authentic leadership, an alternative leadership concept that has recently received much attention in the leadership literature. To explain the mechanism underlying the effects of authentic leadership on job burnout, the mediating effect of positive psychological capitals (PsyCap), a critical variable of positive psychology, was analyzed. To examine the proposed hypotheses, data were collected through a survey of employees of the Defense Acquisition Program Administration and analyzed. The results of the analyses demonstrate that authentic leadership has positive effects on team members' positive PsyCap, which in turn reduces their job burnout. In particular, in the relationship between authentic leadership and job burnout, all sub-factors of team members’ positive psychological capital revealed partial mediating effects, with the most significant mediating effect being optimism. Based on the results, we propose several suggestions to strengthen both authentic leadership and positive PsyCap within military organizations.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115165003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Russian invasion of Ukraine highlights the importance of strengthening combat readiness in the military. The purpose of this study was to devise a policy implementation that can ensure the appropriateness of the evaluation using the improvement elements of the current combat readiness evaluation in the Korean Army. To do so, the acts and regulations of combat readiness assessment and application cases in field units were analyzed, and the necessary improvements of elements were derived by collecting expert opinions using a Delphi survey. The analysis revealed that the weights for each evaluation element through the analytic hierarchy process survey were presented to assess the quantitative elements (troops, equipment, supplies, and competency) at the C-level, and the use of a judgment process was suggested to assist the commander in reasonably determining the level of qualitative evaluation factors when evaluating the grade (final decision of the level of combat readiness of the unit) at the mission assessment (MA-level). The results of this study can be applied to the assessment of combat readiness level to identify the poor elements of the field units objectively and report them accurately to the upper unit. Future, research must study topics related to the elaboration of assessment elements that can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of combat readiness in terms of organizational competency development.
{"title":"Improvement of combat readiness for Republic of Korea Army","authors":"Hoseok Seo, S. Jeong","doi":"10.37944/jams.v5i3.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v5i3.172","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian invasion of Ukraine highlights the importance of strengthening combat readiness in the military. The purpose of this study was to devise a policy implementation that can ensure the appropriateness of the evaluation using the improvement elements of the current combat readiness evaluation in the Korean Army. To do so, the acts and regulations of combat readiness assessment and application cases in field units were analyzed, and the necessary improvements of elements were derived by collecting expert opinions using a Delphi survey. The analysis revealed that the weights for each evaluation element through the analytic hierarchy process survey were presented to assess the quantitative elements (troops, equipment, supplies, and competency) at the C-level, and the use of a judgment process was suggested to assist the commander in reasonably determining the level of qualitative evaluation factors when evaluating the grade (final decision of the level of combat readiness of the unit) at the mission assessment (MA-level). The results of this study can be applied to the assessment of combat readiness level to identify the poor elements of the field units objectively and report them accurately to the upper unit. Future, research must study topics related to the elaboration of assessment elements that can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of combat readiness in terms of organizational competency development.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124282478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Trump administration, following the Obama administration, criticized previous administrations' security policies toward China, heralding the emergence of a groundbreaking strategy. Biden also criticized the Trump administration's security policy toward China from the time of his presidential nomination, implying the emergence of various containment policies. In this study, the Trump and Biden administration's China security policies were examined and compared with an emphasis on the integrated deterrence declared by the Biden government. The Trump and Biden administrations simultaneously pointed to China as a country that would undermine US interests. Accordingly, the two governments pursued a containment policy against China to maintain a US-centered international order. The Trump administration pursued a reckless alliance strategy based on the US-first principle as its integration policy and maintained multilateral security cooperation centered on the Indo-Pacific strategy as its deterrence policy. The Biden government maintained an ideological alliance strategy based on alliance priority as an integration policy and sought multilateral security cooperation by adding the NATO alliance to the Indo-Pacific strategy as a deterrence policy. The US anti-China policy can be divided into integration and suppression, and the detailed strategies applied at this time covered nonmilitary and military areas. Therefore, this study investigated the possibility of applying the entire military or nonmilitary domain to the scope of the analysis of the theory of integration and deterrence within the framework of international relations.
{"title":"Comparison of Security Policies between the Trump and Biden Governments toward China","authors":"Haesool Yang","doi":"10.37944/jams.v5i3.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v5i3.168","url":null,"abstract":"The Trump administration, following the Obama administration, criticized previous administrations' security policies toward China, heralding the emergence of a groundbreaking strategy. Biden also criticized the Trump administration's security policy toward China from the time of his presidential nomination, implying the emergence of various containment policies. In this study, the Trump and Biden administration's China security policies were examined and compared with an emphasis on the integrated deterrence declared by the Biden government. The Trump and Biden administrations simultaneously pointed to China as a country that would undermine US interests. Accordingly, the two governments pursued a containment policy against China to maintain a US-centered international order. The Trump administration pursued a reckless alliance strategy based on the US-first principle as its integration policy and maintained multilateral security cooperation centered on the Indo-Pacific strategy as its deterrence policy. The Biden government maintained an ideological alliance strategy based on alliance priority as an integration policy and sought multilateral security cooperation by adding the NATO alliance to the Indo-Pacific strategy as a deterrence policy. The US anti-China policy can be divided into integration and suppression, and the detailed strategies applied at this time covered nonmilitary and military areas. Therefore, this study investigated the possibility of applying the entire military or nonmilitary domain to the scope of the analysis of the theory of integration and deterrence within the framework of international relations.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116855709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gakgyu Kim, Kangkyun Jin, Yongjun Cho, Kyoung-Sop Won
The application of artificial-intelligence technology to weapon systems, is difficult to use in military applications for such reasons as killing or wounding problems, ethical problems, and field environment considerations; therefore, more-sophisticated techniques and development are required for testing and evaluation. There is an increasing demand for advanced weapon systems that incorporate new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, and for electrification, and a new paradigm that can confirm and verify the performance required for field operations is required. Therefore, through case studies on digital twins, a plan for field testing and initial operational capability in future weapon systems was developed. Five development directions were identified, including policies and systems, organization, establishment of infrastructure, and utilization plans, to establish a field test and initial operational capability. In addition, studies on economic ripple effects and cost-effectiveness were conducted based on application cases of digital twins in the private sector. An optimal method for users to safely verify performance by utilizing the digital twin method to overcome the difficulties of testing and evaluating weapon systems with new technologies from the time when the weapon system requirements are determined to mass production is proposed.
{"title":"Initial operational capability of future weapon systems and field test method using digital twin","authors":"Gakgyu Kim, Kangkyun Jin, Yongjun Cho, Kyoung-Sop Won","doi":"10.37944/jams.v5i3.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v5i3.167","url":null,"abstract":"The application of artificial-intelligence technology to weapon systems, is difficult to use in military applications for such reasons as killing or wounding problems, ethical problems, and field environment considerations; therefore, more-sophisticated techniques and development are required for testing and evaluation. There is an increasing demand for advanced weapon systems that incorporate new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, and for electrification, and a new paradigm that can confirm and verify the performance required for field operations is required. Therefore, through case studies on digital twins, a plan for field testing and initial operational capability in future weapon systems was developed. Five development directions were identified, including policies and systems, organization, establishment of infrastructure, and utilization plans, to establish a field test and initial operational capability. In addition, studies on economic ripple effects and cost-effectiveness were conducted based on application cases of digital twins in the private sector. An optimal method for users to safely verify performance by utilizing the digital twin method to overcome the difficulties of testing and evaluating weapon systems with new technologies from the time when the weapon system requirements are determined to mass production is proposed.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124450225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to derive a customized development plan for the defense base area centered on the Gyeongsangnam-do and Changwon special cities, which are representative bases in the domestic defense industry. The areas account for more than 40% of the defense sales and the number of employees based on domestic defense companies. Their status and importance increased as they were selected as the first defense innovation cluster pilot project in Korea by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration. For the research method, management performance (sales, R&D investment, number of employees, exports) and difficulties factors were analyzed by targeting 490 defense companies located in Gyeongnam from 2018 to 2021. Based on the results, considerable strengths and opportunity factors were derived in the fields of industry composition, defense supply chain, parts localization, workforce training, and cooperation networks, and the creation of a favorable management environment for defense SMEs was suggested. In the future, to facilitate the localization of defense materials and parts through the defense innovation cluster project, and to establish an effective mid- to long-term defense industry promotion strategy, an accurate analysis of the current situation and competitiveness of defense companies in the Gyeongnam region is required.
{"title":"Development plan based on analyzing the actual conditions of Korea's defense base area","authors":"Sang-Phil Jang, Gi-ll Choi","doi":"10.37944/jams.v5i3.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v5i3.165","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to derive a customized development plan for the defense base area centered on the Gyeongsangnam-do and Changwon special cities, which are representative bases in the domestic defense industry. The areas account for more than 40% of the defense sales and the number of employees based on domestic defense companies. Their status and importance increased as they were selected as the first defense innovation cluster pilot project in Korea by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration. For the research method, management performance (sales, R&D investment, number of employees, exports) and difficulties factors were analyzed by targeting 490 defense companies located in Gyeongnam from 2018 to 2021. Based on the results, considerable strengths and opportunity factors were derived in the fields of industry composition, defense supply chain, parts localization, workforce training, and cooperation networks, and the creation of a favorable management environment for defense SMEs was suggested. In the future, to facilitate the localization of defense materials and parts through the defense innovation cluster project, and to establish an effective mid- to long-term defense industry promotion strategy, an accurate analysis of the current situation and competitiveness of defense companies in the Gyeongnam region is required.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115238947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to develop a teaching competency diagnosis tool for instructors working in army military schools to improve the quality of education and cultivate the competitiveness of the organization. To this end, previous research data related to the development of teaching competency diagnosis tools were collected and analyzed. Subsequently, focus group interviews and behavioral case interviews with excellent instructors at the Army Military School were conducted, and Delphi surveys were conducted with educational experts to organize teaching competency components and diagnostic tools temporarily. Next, to verify the validity of questionnaire items, a preliminary survey and a main survey were conducted with questionnaires administered to excellent instructors and ordinary instructors to confirm the validity and reliability of the teaching competency diagnosis tool. As a result of the study, four competencies (basic, class, organizational, and digital), 10 major competencies (attitude and attitude as educators, relationship formation, etc.), 25 sub-competencies (responsibility as instructors, initiative, etc.), and 65 behavioral indicators were selected. The diagnostic tools derived through this study are the competencies that instructors must have to perform their duties successfully in military schools. Therefore, our results not only provide information necessary for establishing instructor competency development policies but also contribute greatly to developing programs to strengthen teaching competency in military schools.
{"title":"Development of a teaching competency diagnostic tool for army military school instructors","authors":"Jongok Park, Sanghun Lee, Yongkwan Kang","doi":"10.37944/jams.v5i3.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v5i3.176","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to develop a teaching competency diagnosis tool for instructors working in army military schools to improve the quality of education and cultivate the competitiveness of the organization. To this end, previous research data related to the development of teaching competency diagnosis tools were collected and analyzed. Subsequently, focus group interviews and behavioral case interviews with excellent instructors at the Army Military School were conducted, and Delphi surveys were conducted with educational experts to organize teaching competency components and diagnostic tools temporarily. Next, to verify the validity of questionnaire items, a preliminary survey and a main survey were conducted with questionnaires administered to excellent instructors and ordinary instructors to confirm the validity and reliability of the teaching competency diagnosis tool. As a result of the study, four competencies (basic, class, organizational, and digital), 10 major competencies (attitude and attitude as educators, relationship formation, etc.), 25 sub-competencies (responsibility as instructors, initiative, etc.), and 65 behavioral indicators were selected. The diagnostic tools derived through this study are the competencies that instructors must have to perform their duties successfully in military schools. Therefore, our results not only provide information necessary for establishing instructor competency development policies but also contribute greatly to developing programs to strengthen teaching competency in military schools.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115261135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Korean military's defense research and development (R&D) policy was often shortsighted because of environmental changes, such as the Korea–U.S. alliance, security policies under the regime, and limited budgets. In addition, there was a lack of prior research focusing on identifying the determinants of defense R&D policy, making it difficult for stakeholders in defense R&D policies to determine the appropriateness or validity of decision making. To this end, the purpose of the present study was to suggest a basic reference for defense R&D decision making through the conceptualization of determinants in defense R&D policy and development of measurement items. For this, we developed operational definitions of influencing factors and preliminary items related to defense R&D policy decisions, considering the Republic of Korea Armed Forces. To test reliability and validity, we performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses based on discussions with experts. The results show a six-factor structure (security policy, defense posture, technological ambition, dominant and shifting paradigm, science and technology, industry knowledge base, and resources) and 24 items. It is concluded that the use of questionnaire results might better reflect multiple aspects of decision making in defense R&D policy. Future studies need to elaborate on the measurement indicators for defense R&D policy determinants and theorize on policy directions according to changes in future defense and private technology development.
{"title":"Instrument development for measuring determinants in defense R&D policy","authors":"Jeonghun Kim, Dongwoon Kang, Bong-Jun Kang","doi":"10.37944/jams.v5i3.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37944/jams.v5i3.171","url":null,"abstract":"The Korean military's defense research and development (R&D) policy was often shortsighted because of environmental changes, such as the Korea–U.S. alliance, security policies under the regime, and limited budgets. In addition, there was a lack of prior research focusing on identifying the determinants of defense R&D policy, making it difficult for stakeholders in defense R&D policies to determine the appropriateness or validity of decision making. To this end, the purpose of the present study was to suggest a basic reference for defense R&D decision making through the conceptualization of determinants in defense R&D policy and development of measurement items. For this, we developed operational definitions of influencing factors and preliminary items related to defense R&D policy decisions, considering the Republic of Korea Armed Forces. To test reliability and validity, we performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses based on discussions with experts. The results show a six-factor structure (security policy, defense posture, technological ambition, dominant and shifting paradigm, science and technology, industry knowledge base, and resources) and 24 items. It is concluded that the use of questionnaire results might better reflect multiple aspects of decision making in defense R&D policy. Future studies need to elaborate on the measurement indicators for defense R&D policy determinants and theorize on policy directions according to changes in future defense and private technology development.","PeriodicalId":355992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Military Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127912670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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