Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914226
C. Behera, T. Reddy, L. Behera, Bishakh Bhattacarya
Electroencephalographic arousals are characterized by a sudden shift in electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency during sleep. Occurrence of arousals causes improper sleep which is the main reason of day-time sleepiness. The arousal during the sleep is detected by analyzing a multimodal multichannel Polysomnographic (PSG) recordings. It is a time consuming task to analyze the recording manually and requires a lot of patience. Hence automation of the process is required. This task becomes difficult because of the presence of a lot of events in time in relation to various bio-medical signals available through Polysomnographic (PSG) recordings. In this paper we present a method to detect the arousals in sleep automatically. Firstly two sets of electroencephalogram (EEG) channels C4/M1 and C3=M2 and an electromyogram (EMG) channel are chosen for preprocessing. Then the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are passed through a bandpass filter of 8-30 Hz in order to extract the signal containing only the alpha and beta frequency components. The events are detected when the Power spectral density of this filtered signal crosses a threshold of zero. When an event is detected the relevant features from Alpha, Beta, Theta, Delta, and sigma waves are extracted. Similarly when electromyogram (EMG) signal crosses a threshold of zero events are detected and relevant features are extracted for the corresponding events. Now all these features are grouped together along with the corresponding labels and used as inputs to the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Classifier to detect the presence of arousals. The novelty of this work relies on using both Hjorth and Power Spectral density difference spectrum features leading to improved accuracy than either of them alone. Considering 10 overnight sleep recordings We recorded an average sensitivity of 0.93262, average specificity of 0.91387, average precision of 0.91693 and average Area under Region of Convergence curve (AUC) of 0.92328 (showing a good measure of overall performance).
{"title":"Artificial neural network based arousal detection from sleep electroencephalogram data","authors":"C. Behera, T. Reddy, L. Behera, Bishakh Bhattacarya","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914226","url":null,"abstract":"Electroencephalographic arousals are characterized by a sudden shift in electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency during sleep. Occurrence of arousals causes improper sleep which is the main reason of day-time sleepiness. The arousal during the sleep is detected by analyzing a multimodal multichannel Polysomnographic (PSG) recordings. It is a time consuming task to analyze the recording manually and requires a lot of patience. Hence automation of the process is required. This task becomes difficult because of the presence of a lot of events in time in relation to various bio-medical signals available through Polysomnographic (PSG) recordings. In this paper we present a method to detect the arousals in sleep automatically. Firstly two sets of electroencephalogram (EEG) channels C4/M1 and C3=M2 and an electromyogram (EMG) channel are chosen for preprocessing. Then the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are passed through a bandpass filter of 8-30 Hz in order to extract the signal containing only the alpha and beta frequency components. The events are detected when the Power spectral density of this filtered signal crosses a threshold of zero. When an event is detected the relevant features from Alpha, Beta, Theta, Delta, and sigma waves are extracted. Similarly when electromyogram (EMG) signal crosses a threshold of zero events are detected and relevant features are extracted for the corresponding events. Now all these features are grouped together along with the corresponding labels and used as inputs to the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Classifier to detect the presence of arousals. The novelty of this work relies on using both Hjorth and Power Spectral density difference spectrum features leading to improved accuracy than either of them alone. Considering 10 overnight sleep recordings We recorded an average sensitivity of 0.93262, average specificity of 0.91387, average precision of 0.91693 and average Area under Region of Convergence curve (AUC) of 0.92328 (showing a good measure of overall performance).","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115784053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914169
S. T. Lim, D. Yap, N. A. Manap
PCA algorithm can be employed to aid in image compression. In this paper, two extended-PCA algorithms that manipulate the block information of the image are tested and compared. The first algorithm is termed as block-by-block PCA in which general PCA algorithm are applied on each block of the image. In the second algorithm- the block-to-row PCA, all block information are first concatenated into row before general PCA algorithm is then applied on the transformed matrix. Digital fundus image is used as the input image in this work. Using the newly-derived compression ratios, the result shows that block-to-row PCA outperforms block-by-block PCA in terms of image quality and compression rate. At equal block size and compression ratio, block-to-row PCA can achieve higher PSNR than block-to-block PCA. Blocking effects are discernible on the reconstructed image using block-to-block PCA with block size = 16 and compression ratio as low as 0.25 while no apparent distortion are seen on the reconstructed image using block-to-row PCA with block size = 32 and compression ratio as high as 0.90.
{"title":"Medical image compression using block-based PCA algorithm","authors":"S. T. Lim, D. Yap, N. A. Manap","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914169","url":null,"abstract":"PCA algorithm can be employed to aid in image compression. In this paper, two extended-PCA algorithms that manipulate the block information of the image are tested and compared. The first algorithm is termed as block-by-block PCA in which general PCA algorithm are applied on each block of the image. In the second algorithm- the block-to-row PCA, all block information are first concatenated into row before general PCA algorithm is then applied on the transformed matrix. Digital fundus image is used as the input image in this work. Using the newly-derived compression ratios, the result shows that block-to-row PCA outperforms block-by-block PCA in terms of image quality and compression rate. At equal block size and compression ratio, block-to-row PCA can achieve higher PSNR than block-to-block PCA. Blocking effects are discernible on the reconstructed image using block-to-block PCA with block size = 16 and compression ratio as low as 0.25 while no apparent distortion are seen on the reconstructed image using block-to-row PCA with block size = 32 and compression ratio as high as 0.90.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116578107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914216
M. Othman, N. Zaid, M. Abd Aziz, H. Sulaiman
This paper represents design of 3GHz hairpin filter with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for Microwave Imaging application by using Advanced Design System (ADS) software and FR4 substrate. Hairpin filter is one of the most popular microwave filters because of its compactness. Thus, to enhance its performance detected ground structure is implemented to the filter. The filter is designed to operate at 3GHz frequency with fractional bandwidth of 6.67%. This project is designed and simulated by using Advenced Design Structure (ADS) and all the calculation is done on LineCALC the ADS tools. This project uses FR4 board as the substrate and it is fabricated by undergo etching process. Improvement is should be done to enhance the filter performance.
{"title":"3GHz hairpin filter with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for Microwave Imaging application","authors":"M. Othman, N. Zaid, M. Abd Aziz, H. Sulaiman","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914216","url":null,"abstract":"This paper represents design of 3GHz hairpin filter with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for Microwave Imaging application by using Advanced Design System (ADS) software and FR4 substrate. Hairpin filter is one of the most popular microwave filters because of its compactness. Thus, to enhance its performance detected ground structure is implemented to the filter. The filter is designed to operate at 3GHz frequency with fractional bandwidth of 6.67%. This project is designed and simulated by using Advenced Design Structure (ADS) and all the calculation is done on LineCALC the ADS tools. This project uses FR4 board as the substrate and it is fabricated by undergo etching process. Improvement is should be done to enhance the filter performance.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122438813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914177
S. B. Hassan, M. Sarbini, S. Jaafar, Ismit Mohammad
This paper describes an experimental setup of photovoltaic panels for performance investigation under tropical weather conditions. For this setup a dedicated data acquisition system has been designed and implemented using LabVIEW virtual instrumentation. Apart of monitoring and displaying features, the GUI also has diagnostic capabilities to assess the performance of the PV panels under test. Real-time environment data is also incorporated to measure ambient and operating temperature, irradiance, and relative humidity. A typical 95W polycrystalline panel is used for evaluation and the compared results with a circuit-based simulation model shows good correspondence. This test-bed aims to assist homeowners in assessing the quality of their solar panels.
{"title":"Performance study and evaluation of a solar PV testbed system in brunei darussalam","authors":"S. B. Hassan, M. Sarbini, S. Jaafar, Ismit Mohammad","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914177","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an experimental setup of photovoltaic panels for performance investigation under tropical weather conditions. For this setup a dedicated data acquisition system has been designed and implemented using LabVIEW virtual instrumentation. Apart of monitoring and displaying features, the GUI also has diagnostic capabilities to assess the performance of the PV panels under test. Real-time environment data is also incorporated to measure ambient and operating temperature, irradiance, and relative humidity. A typical 95W polycrystalline panel is used for evaluation and the compared results with a circuit-based simulation model shows good correspondence. This test-bed aims to assist homeowners in assessing the quality of their solar panels.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914224
Y. Iskandar, Noornasirah Nasri
E-commerce is influencing Malaysia's social and economic competitiveness. With the speedy development of e-commerce, to train the high qualified talent is the opportunity and challenge to the business training especially in sports industry. Sport Industry known as a young industry with a highest potential to develop. Sports e-commerce is a good platform as e-commerce growth very fast in since decades. Malaysia has a vision to create a strong industry based on sports that could boost the economy and further contribute to the GDP. Business owners play an important role to conduct sports business. Upon successful completion of business owners personal training. Training activities should be designed and developed based on a pedagogical approach. Business owners will need to get organized and set up their business as smoothly as possible. This paper will replicable model of competency and specific learning outcomes for B2B business owners who wish to learn e-commerce with an active and reflective pedagogical approach.
{"title":"Model of competency for personalized training in B2B for sports industry","authors":"Y. Iskandar, Noornasirah Nasri","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914224","url":null,"abstract":"E-commerce is influencing Malaysia's social and economic competitiveness. With the speedy development of e-commerce, to train the high qualified talent is the opportunity and challenge to the business training especially in sports industry. Sport Industry known as a young industry with a highest potential to develop. Sports e-commerce is a good platform as e-commerce growth very fast in since decades. Malaysia has a vision to create a strong industry based on sports that could boost the economy and further contribute to the GDP. Business owners play an important role to conduct sports business. Upon successful completion of business owners personal training. Training activities should be designed and developed based on a pedagogical approach. Business owners will need to get organized and set up their business as smoothly as possible. This paper will replicable model of competency and specific learning outcomes for B2B business owners who wish to learn e-commerce with an active and reflective pedagogical approach.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115064484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914164
R. Mardeni, N. N. Ahmad, C. W. Yap
Soil moisture is one of the important parameters to be investigated in civil, geological and agricultural works. Unfortunately, the challenging issue is found on the suitable method in determining accurately the soil moisture. In this article, a microwave surface reflection method is proposed to analyze the effect of soil moisture with its electrical properties using ground penetrating radar (GPR) principle. Three types of soil samples are selected which are sand, loamy and clay. In this work, measurement and simulation were implemented. The work is realized by theory and verified by simulation. The percentage of agreement with Topp theoretical value are 31% to 61% for sand, 5% to 42% for clay, and 44% to 54% for loamy. The effect of soil moisture with its electrical characteristics in terms of permittivity is also discussed. A novelty of soil moisture estimation via GPR principle is intended for the research.
{"title":"Analysis of soil moisture detection using ground penetrating radar","authors":"R. Mardeni, N. N. Ahmad, C. W. Yap","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914164","url":null,"abstract":"Soil moisture is one of the important parameters to be investigated in civil, geological and agricultural works. Unfortunately, the challenging issue is found on the suitable method in determining accurately the soil moisture. In this article, a microwave surface reflection method is proposed to analyze the effect of soil moisture with its electrical properties using ground penetrating radar (GPR) principle. Three types of soil samples are selected which are sand, loamy and clay. In this work, measurement and simulation were implemented. The work is realized by theory and verified by simulation. The percentage of agreement with Topp theoretical value are 31% to 61% for sand, 5% to 42% for clay, and 44% to 54% for loamy. The effect of soil moisture with its electrical characteristics in terms of permittivity is also discussed. A novelty of soil moisture estimation via GPR principle is intended for the research.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124432245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914184
N. Johari, Jegatis Balaiyah, Zulkifli Ahmad
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ranked as the fifth leading cause of death in 2002 and it is had been predicted to become fourth leading cause of death worldwide by 2030. COPD is a disease that will narrow the airway progressively and it alters the behaviour of normal breathing flow. This study aims to investigate the changes of flow pattern and pressure distribution with respect the presence of COPD on the airway's lumen. Four airway models were generated based on the fifth to eighth generations of Weibel's lung model. The simulations were carried out using Reynolds number ranging of 200 to 1400, corresponding to an average height man breathing from rest to vigorous state. The three-dimensional (3D) incompressible laminar Navier-Stokes equations are solved using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver on unstructured tetrahedral meshes. This method overcomes the problem of the absence of actual images for different COPD locations. The simulation results show that the obstructed airways significantly alter the air flow rate ratio due to the recirculation happens at the obstructed model which prevents air to enter the lower generation. It is found that, as the Reynolds number increases, the pressure drop also increased drastically in obstructed airway.
{"title":"Effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on airflow motion using computational fluid dynamics analysis","authors":"N. Johari, Jegatis Balaiyah, Zulkifli Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914184","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ranked as the fifth leading cause of death in 2002 and it is had been predicted to become fourth leading cause of death worldwide by 2030. COPD is a disease that will narrow the airway progressively and it alters the behaviour of normal breathing flow. This study aims to investigate the changes of flow pattern and pressure distribution with respect the presence of COPD on the airway's lumen. Four airway models were generated based on the fifth to eighth generations of Weibel's lung model. The simulations were carried out using Reynolds number ranging of 200 to 1400, corresponding to an average height man breathing from rest to vigorous state. The three-dimensional (3D) incompressible laminar Navier-Stokes equations are solved using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver on unstructured tetrahedral meshes. This method overcomes the problem of the absence of actual images for different COPD locations. The simulation results show that the obstructed airways significantly alter the air flow rate ratio due to the recirculation happens at the obstructed model which prevents air to enter the lower generation. It is found that, as the Reynolds number increases, the pressure drop also increased drastically in obstructed airway.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124485201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914172
H. Khor, Siau-Chuin Liew, J. M. Zain
With the advancement of technology in communication network, it facilitated digital medical images transmitted to healthcare professional via internal network or public network (e.g. Internet). Consequently, digital medical image security has become an important issue when images and their pertinent patient information are exposed to the threats, such as tampering of images to include false data which may lead to wrong diagnosis and treatment. Medical image distortion is not to be tolerated for diagnosis purposes, thus a reversible watermarking is introduced. This paper reviews the works that have done on the reversible watermarking scheme with tamper localization and recovery capability.
{"title":"A review of reversible medical image watermarking scheme with tamper localization and recovery capability","authors":"H. Khor, Siau-Chuin Liew, J. M. Zain","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914172","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancement of technology in communication network, it facilitated digital medical images transmitted to healthcare professional via internal network or public network (e.g. Internet). Consequently, digital medical image security has become an important issue when images and their pertinent patient information are exposed to the threats, such as tampering of images to include false data which may lead to wrong diagnosis and treatment. Medical image distortion is not to be tolerated for diagnosis purposes, thus a reversible watermarking is introduced. This paper reviews the works that have done on the reversible watermarking scheme with tamper localization and recovery capability.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132103579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914179
H. Khan, Mohd Naz'ri bin Mahrin, Suriayati bt Chuprat
In order to have a successful software development in Global Software Development (GSD) environment, GSD community needs to define RE process by considering the situational characteristics. Currently Requirement Engineers (RE) are facing challenges in identification of the possible situational factors that can influence RE activities. There is a lack of such framework which can help requirement engineers in identifying the situational factors that affect the RE activities the most. In order to overcome this gap, we explored the situational factors that can influence RE activities. We conducted a survey in industry and performed a statistical analysis in order to identify the most influential factors, which were then formulated into situational RE framework. This framework not only helps RE process participants to identify the situational factors but also guides them to identify the most influential situational factors for each RE activity.
{"title":"Situational requirement engineering framework for Global Software Development","authors":"H. Khan, Mohd Naz'ri bin Mahrin, Suriayati bt Chuprat","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914179","url":null,"abstract":"In order to have a successful software development in Global Software Development (GSD) environment, GSD community needs to define RE process by considering the situational characteristics. Currently Requirement Engineers (RE) are facing challenges in identification of the possible situational factors that can influence RE activities. There is a lack of such framework which can help requirement engineers in identifying the situational factors that affect the RE activities the most. In order to overcome this gap, we explored the situational factors that can influence RE activities. We conducted a survey in industry and performed a statistical analysis in order to identify the most influential factors, which were then formulated into situational RE framework. This framework not only helps RE process participants to identify the situational factors but also guides them to identify the most influential situational factors for each RE activity.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132820800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914135
Soheil Shahrokhi, K. Mohammadpour‐Aghdam, Payam Ebrahimipour, Amir-Mohammad Khezri
This paper presents development and construction of an integrated dual inputs down-converter in the 18-40 GHz frequency range with noise figure better than 13 dB, average conversion gain of 20 dB and phase noise of better than -96 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset. This configuration provides the highest gain with third order intercept point of 10 dBm. This module consists of two channels: 18-30 GHz and 26-40 GHz. The overlapping bands allow receiving of wide band signals. The received signals are down-converted to 2-16 GHz. This module has been miniaturized in order to be integrated with the reception antenna module in compact configuration. The paper describes the motivation, subsystems configuration and the results of measurements.
{"title":"Ultra-low phase noise compact down-converter with frequency coverage of 18–40 GHz","authors":"Soheil Shahrokhi, K. Mohammadpour‐Aghdam, Payam Ebrahimipour, Amir-Mohammad Khezri","doi":"10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I4CT.2014.6914135","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents development and construction of an integrated dual inputs down-converter in the 18-40 GHz frequency range with noise figure better than 13 dB, average conversion gain of 20 dB and phase noise of better than -96 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset. This configuration provides the highest gain with third order intercept point of 10 dBm. This module consists of two channels: 18-30 GHz and 26-40 GHz. The overlapping bands allow receiving of wide band signals. The received signals are down-converted to 2-16 GHz. This module has been miniaturized in order to be integrated with the reception antenna module in compact configuration. The paper describes the motivation, subsystems configuration and the results of measurements.","PeriodicalId":356190,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133004662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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