Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.67
E. Woo, Y. Jeong
{"title":"Forensic Anthropological Studies using Korean CT Data: The Present and the Future","authors":"E. Woo, Y. Jeong","doi":"10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.67","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124456928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.77
S. Lee, Chan Ho Park, Y. Yang, Byung Young Choi, Won Gil Cho, B. Chung
{"title":"Dividing Medical Students into Two Groups for Cadaver Lab under COVID-19 Situation","authors":"S. Lee, Chan Ho Park, Y. Yang, Byung Young Choi, Won Gil Cho, B. Chung","doi":"10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.77","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124207502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.103
A. Asghar, S. Naaz
The human has the most evolved arched feet. Initially, a transverse arch developed in feet like the carpal arch till modern human arches evolved, which included a longitudinal and transverse arch.
人类有最进化的足弓。最初，像腕弓一样的横弓在脚上发展，直到现代人类的弓进化，包括纵向和横向弓。
{"title":"The Role of Transverse Arch in Foot Stiffness and Its Clinical Implications","authors":"A. Asghar, S. Naaz","doi":"10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.103","url":null,"abstract":"The human has the most evolved arched feet. Initially, a transverse arch developed in feet like the carpal arch till modern human arches evolved, which included a longitudinal and transverse arch.","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134094882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.57
Chung Yoh Kim, Jin Seo Park
{"title":"Automated Techniques for the Sectioned Images of Visible Korean","authors":"Chung Yoh Kim, Jin Seo Park","doi":"10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/aba.2021.34.3.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128066010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.11637/aba.2021.34.2.45
C. Piao, Y. Fan, Thi Van Nguyen, Zhenguo Yu, H. Shin, C. Song, O. Chai
{"title":"Anti-allergic Effect of Fructus amomi on Ovalbumin-induced Asthma Mice Model","authors":"C. Piao, Y. Fan, Thi Van Nguyen, Zhenguo Yu, H. Shin, C. Song, O. Chai","doi":"10.11637/aba.2021.34.2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/aba.2021.34.2.45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"80 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114014872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.11637/ABA.2021.34.1.13
Youngil Lee
: Neuroanatomy is essential for the undergraduate students of medical college to understand functional structures of neural system and present the mechanisms how disease and injury lead to the neurological impairment. In almost all medical colleges, neuroanatomy lab class is performed with cadaveric brain dissection within the anatomy laboratory. Recently, online lab lectures were adopted for the sectional neuroanatomy lab to secure sufficient lab class hours and due to COVID 19 pandemic situation. In this report, a survey analysis was performed for the proper application of flipped learning strategy to the neuroanatomy lab course. Medical college students of Dankook university were classified into two groups (online lab lecture group and face to face lab lecture group) and asked to complete anonymous survey in private. A large number of students had already experienced flipped leaning especially in face to face lab lecture group. The majority of students showed opinion of relevant proportion of sectional neuroanatomy in whole neuroanatomy lab course and the relevance of the time for preparing formative evaluations of each neuroanatomy lab class. Almost all students regarded picture materials for online lab lectures as useful in comparing with sectioned brain surfaces. On the opinions of necessities of flipped learning course in learner’s aspect, proportion of “necessary” was certainly higher in online lab lecture group although there was no statistical significance. Growing demands of flipped learning is likely to make a new paradigm of medical education even in the laboratory course of basic medical subjects. The results revealed not only the relevance of flipped learning strategy in sectional neuroanatomy lab, but also the necessity of regular feedback of needs in learner’s aspect to secure sufficient hours for both neuroanatomy lab practice and preparing for the formative evaluation.
{"title":"Suggestions on the Proper Improvement of the Neuroanatomy Lab: Based in the Survey Analysis on the Online Sectional Neuroanatomy Lab Lecture to the Neuroanatomy Class","authors":"Youngil Lee","doi":"10.11637/ABA.2021.34.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/ABA.2021.34.1.13","url":null,"abstract":": Neuroanatomy is essential for the undergraduate students of medical college to understand functional structures of neural system and present the mechanisms how disease and injury lead to the neurological impairment. In almost all medical colleges, neuroanatomy lab class is performed with cadaveric brain dissection within the anatomy laboratory. Recently, online lab lectures were adopted for the sectional neuroanatomy lab to secure sufficient lab class hours and due to COVID 19 pandemic situation. In this report, a survey analysis was performed for the proper application of flipped learning strategy to the neuroanatomy lab course. Medical college students of Dankook university were classified into two groups (online lab lecture group and face to face lab lecture group) and asked to complete anonymous survey in private. A large number of students had already experienced flipped leaning especially in face to face lab lecture group. The majority of students showed opinion of relevant proportion of sectional neuroanatomy in whole neuroanatomy lab course and the relevance of the time for preparing formative evaluations of each neuroanatomy lab class. Almost all students regarded picture materials for online lab lectures as useful in comparing with sectioned brain surfaces. On the opinions of necessities of flipped learning course in learner’s aspect, proportion of “necessary” was certainly higher in online lab lecture group although there was no statistical significance. Growing demands of flipped learning is likely to make a new paradigm of medical education even in the laboratory course of basic medical subjects. The results revealed not only the relevance of flipped learning strategy in sectional neuroanatomy lab, but also the necessity of regular feedback of needs in learner’s aspect to secure sufficient hours for both neuroanatomy lab practice and preparing for the formative evaluation.","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121957646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.193
Jun Hyun Park, Seongsu Kang, T. Baik, R. Woo, Dae-Yong Song, H. Yoo
: We report bilateral multiple variations in branching pattern of the axillary artery and superficial palmar arch of the hand in an 84-year-old Korean female cadaver. First, we identified an aberrant trunk with high bifurcation of the deep brachial artery from the left axillary artery. Second, the persistent median artery accompanied with a median nerve and formed the superficial palmar arch in the left hand. Third, a common trunk was originated from the second part of the right axillary artery, and divided into lateral thoracic, subscapular, and circumflex humeral arteries, respectively. Finally, the superficial palmar branch of radial artery lies superficial to the thenar muscles and gave rise to a common trunk of the princeps pollicis and radialis indicis arteries on both hands. This case report alerts clinicians and anatomists to the possibility of concurrent complex bilateral variations in the upper limb.
{"title":"Complex Variations in Branching Pattern of the Axillary Artery and Hands with the Persistent Median Artery","authors":"Jun Hyun Park, Seongsu Kang, T. Baik, R. Woo, Dae-Yong Song, H. Yoo","doi":"10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.193","url":null,"abstract":": We report bilateral multiple variations in branching pattern of the axillary artery and superficial palmar arch of the hand in an 84-year-old Korean female cadaver. First, we identified an aberrant trunk with high bifurcation of the deep brachial artery from the left axillary artery. Second, the persistent median artery accompanied with a median nerve and formed the superficial palmar arch in the left hand. Third, a common trunk was originated from the second part of the right axillary artery, and divided into lateral thoracic, subscapular, and circumflex humeral arteries, respectively. Finally, the superficial palmar branch of radial artery lies superficial to the thenar muscles and gave rise to a common trunk of the princeps pollicis and radialis indicis arteries on both hands. This case report alerts clinicians and anatomists to the possibility of concurrent complex bilateral variations in the upper limb.","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115598915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.199
M. Hur, C. Oh, I. Chung
: We have observed a case of calculi in the prostatic utricle (PU) which suggests a different formation mechanism of calculi in the PU and reflects the variety of the PU. Several calculi were observed in the sac of the PU, which was filled with a homogenous, yellowish, jelly-like material. The material was also evident in the left ejaculatory duct. The orifice of the PU appeared as an open slit in the center of the seminal colliculus. The two openings of the ejaculatory ducts were not evident on the seminal colliculus. The apparent absence of the openings of the two ejaculatory ducts on the seminal colliculus might have been due to obstruction, possibly caused by chronic inflammation or injury to the seminal colliculus. The resulting increased pressure in the ejaculatory duct might have perforated the thin wall between the ejaculatory duct and the PU. The seminal fluid that might have entered the PU through a fistula might not have flowed easily into the prostatic urethra because the utricular orifice had a very narrow slit-shaped aperture. It appeared that the seminal fluid that accumulated in the PU had enlarged the structure, and was concentrated into several foci associated with the formation of the calculi during its long-lasting stasis.
{"title":"Calculi in the Prostatic Utricle Communicated with an Ejaculatory Duct","authors":"M. Hur, C. Oh, I. Chung","doi":"10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.199","url":null,"abstract":": We have observed a case of calculi in the prostatic utricle (PU) which suggests a different formation mechanism of calculi in the PU and reflects the variety of the PU. Several calculi were observed in the sac of the PU, which was filled with a homogenous, yellowish, jelly-like material. The material was also evident in the left ejaculatory duct. The orifice of the PU appeared as an open slit in the center of the seminal colliculus. The two openings of the ejaculatory ducts were not evident on the seminal colliculus. The apparent absence of the openings of the two ejaculatory ducts on the seminal colliculus might have been due to obstruction, possibly caused by chronic inflammation or injury to the seminal colliculus. The resulting increased pressure in the ejaculatory duct might have perforated the thin wall between the ejaculatory duct and the PU. The seminal fluid that might have entered the PU through a fistula might not have flowed easily into the prostatic urethra because the utricular orifice had a very narrow slit-shaped aperture. It appeared that the seminal fluid that accumulated in the PU had enlarged the structure, and was concentrated into several foci associated with the formation of the calculi during its long-lasting stasis.","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127461055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.157
Da-Yae Choi
The fibularis brevis and fibularis digiti quinti muscles are of clinical significance during reconstructive surgery and treatment of fractures of the metatarsal bone. The aim of this study was to determine the morphological characteristics of these muscles and the location of their respective insertion areas. Thirty specimens from Korean cadavers were used in this study (mean age: 72.00±12.01 years). All specimens were classified into one of three types according to their morphology at the insertion site; Type 1 (single attachment), Type 2 (bifurcated attachment), and Type 3 (presence of fibularis digiti quinti muscle) were observed in 26.67% (8/30), 16.67% (5/30), and 56.67% (17/27) of cases, respectively. The location of the insertion area of the fibularis brevis muscle did not differ significantly and the width of the tendon show statistically significant difference according to the morphology. Fibularis digiti quinti muscle bellies with particularly distal attachments were observed in two specimens (6.67%). An improved understanding of the anatomical characteristics of the fibularis muscles provides insights that may benefit future anthropological study as well as clinical procedures relating to the foot.
{"title":"Morphometric Study of Fibularis Brevis and Fibularis Digiti Quinti Muscles Insertion Patterns","authors":"Da-Yae Choi","doi":"10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.157","url":null,"abstract":"The fibularis brevis and fibularis digiti quinti muscles are of clinical significance during reconstructive surgery and treatment of fractures of the metatarsal bone. The aim of this study was to determine the morphological characteristics of these muscles and the location of their respective insertion areas. Thirty specimens from Korean cadavers were used in this study (mean age: 72.00±12.01 years). All specimens were classified into one of three types according to their morphology at the insertion site; Type 1 (single attachment), Type 2 (bifurcated attachment), and Type 3 (presence of fibularis digiti quinti muscle) were observed in 26.67% (8/30), 16.67% (5/30), and 56.67% (17/27) of cases, respectively. The location of the insertion area of the fibularis brevis muscle did not differ significantly and the width of the tendon show statistically significant difference according to the morphology. Fibularis digiti quinti muscle bellies with particularly distal attachments were observed in two specimens (6.67%). An improved understanding of the anatomical characteristics of the fibularis muscles provides insights that may benefit future anthropological study as well as clinical procedures relating to the foot.","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129485791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.181
Geum-Lan Hong, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Shanika Karunasagara, Ju-Young Jung
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is disease characterized by abnormal prostate cell proliferation. Rat models of testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH are the most popular experimental models for studying BPH. In rats, the prostate is located below the base of the urinary bladder and comprises four distinct lobes ventral, lateral, dorsal, and anterior. Autophagy associated with cellular homeostasis has been studied in relation to BPH. Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3B) and sequestosome 1 (p62) are key markers of autophagy flux. However, the expression and localization of LC3B and p62 have not been elucidated in rats with testosterone-induced BPH. This study investigated the expression and specific localization of the two autophagy markers mentioned. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were classified into three groups: normal control (N.C.), BPH (TP 5 mg/kg), and Fina (TP + finasteride 10 mg/kg). To evaluate the expression of the autophagy markers in BPH, hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were performed for LC3B and p62. Both LC3B expression and p62 expression were higher in the anterior lobe than other areas. In addition, there was no significant difference in the dorsal lobe LC3B expression among the N.C., BPH, and Fina groups. In the lateral lobe, LC3B expression was decreased in the BPH group and increased in the Fina group. p62 expression in the BPH and Fina groups increased compared to that in the N.C. group. In the ventral lobe of the prostate, LC3B expression was lower in the BPH group, whereas it was higher in the Fina group. On the other hand, p62 expression increased in the BPH group, whereas it was lower in the Fina group similar to those observed in the N.C. group. Autophagy was suppressed in the BPH group, whereas it was induced in the ventral lobe in the Fina group. Based on our finding, we suggest that autophagy is a critical process in BPH. In particular, the ventral lobe of the rat prostate could be a potential target site for evaluating the therapeutic effects of BPH treatment in animal models.
{"title":"Characterization of LC3 and p62 on Rat Prostate Lobe in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Animal Model","authors":"Geum-Lan Hong, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Shanika Karunasagara, Ju-Young Jung","doi":"10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11637/ABA.2020.33.4.181","url":null,"abstract":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is disease characterized by abnormal prostate cell proliferation. Rat models of testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH are the most popular experimental models for studying BPH. In rats, the prostate is located below the base of the urinary bladder and comprises four distinct lobes ventral, lateral, dorsal, and anterior. Autophagy associated with cellular homeostasis has been studied in relation to BPH. Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3B) and sequestosome 1 (p62) are key markers of autophagy flux. However, the expression and localization of LC3B and p62 have not been elucidated in rats with testosterone-induced BPH. This study investigated the expression and specific localization of the two autophagy markers mentioned. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were classified into three groups: normal control (N.C.), BPH (TP 5 mg/kg), and Fina (TP + finasteride 10 mg/kg). To evaluate the expression of the autophagy markers in BPH, hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were performed for LC3B and p62. Both LC3B expression and p62 expression were higher in the anterior lobe than other areas. In addition, there was no significant difference in the dorsal lobe LC3B expression among the N.C., BPH, and Fina groups. In the lateral lobe, LC3B expression was decreased in the BPH group and increased in the Fina group. p62 expression in the BPH and Fina groups increased compared to that in the N.C. group. In the ventral lobe of the prostate, LC3B expression was lower in the BPH group, whereas it was higher in the Fina group. On the other hand, p62 expression increased in the BPH group, whereas it was lower in the Fina group similar to those observed in the N.C. group. Autophagy was suppressed in the BPH group, whereas it was induced in the ventral lobe in the Fina group. Based on our finding, we suggest that autophagy is a critical process in BPH. In particular, the ventral lobe of the rat prostate could be a potential target site for evaluating the therapeutic effects of BPH treatment in animal models.","PeriodicalId":356245,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Biological Anthropology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122182405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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