Abstract. A central diagnosis driving research around social relations of nature is the thesis of the “end of nature”. In an era marked by climate change and global warming, the image of nature as a pristine and stable foundation of human existence seems outdated. In light of this, recent scholarship demonstrates how environmental changes and conflicts increasingly affect people's daily lives and present significant threats to psychic well-being. In contrast, in this paper we investigate the conditions under which nature continues to function as an effective source of `ontological security'. As part of an international comparative research project that engages geographical imaginaries of security and insecurity in Berlin, Vancouver, and Singapore, we analyze how nature is imagined by city dwellers as an object of desire that offers a place of refuge to escape the burdens from urban everyday life. Against this background, we emphasize imaginary nature as a powerful everyday source for the ontological security of subjects even under today's postnatural conditions.
{"title":"Imaginäre Naturverhältnisse: Psychoanalytische Einsichten zur Herstellung ontologischer Sicherheit in Berlin, Vancouver und Singapur","authors":"Lucas Pohl, Ilse Helbrecht","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-389-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-389-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A central diagnosis driving research around social relations of\u0000nature is the thesis of the “end of nature”. In an era marked by climate\u0000change and global warming, the image of nature as a pristine and stable\u0000foundation of human existence seems outdated. In light of this, recent\u0000scholarship demonstrates how environmental changes and conflicts\u0000increasingly affect people's daily lives and present significant threats to\u0000psychic well-being. In contrast, in this paper we investigate the conditions\u0000under which nature continues to function as an effective source of\u0000`ontological security'. As part of an international comparative research\u0000project that engages geographical imaginaries of security and insecurity in\u0000Berlin, Vancouver, and Singapore, we analyze how nature is imagined by city\u0000dwellers as an object of desire that offers a place of refuge to escape the\u0000burdens from urban everyday life. Against this background, we emphasize\u0000imaginary nature as a powerful everyday source for the ontological security\u0000of subjects even under today's postnatural conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49053641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. In this article, I will utilize the elusive and fluid identity and texture of water to complicate an essentialist view of modern water that finds new relevance in claims to close the financing gap to provide safely managed water for all by the year 2030. To close this gap, models of blended finance are pursued that rely on transparent and auditable performance data of digital systems. Tracing the implementation of pay-as-you-go (PAYGo) water dispensers in off-grid areas in the Global South, I will demonstrate that the supposedly transparent and objective data generated from remote monitoring systems form part of the enactment of only one water reality amidst the multiple enactments of waters in relation to their sociotechnical environments, non-human encounters, and human bodies. Drawing on ethnographic material from two different settings in Kenya – the so-called informal Nairobi settlement of Mathare and a village called Kondo – I will show that, on the one hand, waters' multiplicity proliferates and, on the other hand, multiple waters and alternative water realities are deliberately undone. The paper closes with a call for the attentiveness to multiple waters.
{"title":"Blended finance, transparent data, and the complications of waters' multiple ontologies","authors":"C. Tristl","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-357-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-357-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In this article, I will utilize the elusive and fluid identity and texture of water to complicate an essentialist view of modern water that finds new relevance in claims to close the financing gap to provide safely managed water for all by the year 2030. To close this gap, models of blended finance are pursued that rely on transparent and auditable performance data of digital systems. Tracing the implementation of pay-as-you-go (PAYGo) water dispensers in off-grid areas in the Global South, I will demonstrate that the supposedly transparent and objective data generated from remote monitoring systems form part of the enactment of only one water reality amidst the multiple enactments of waters in relation to their sociotechnical environments, non-human encounters, and human bodies. Drawing on ethnographic material from two different settings in Kenya – the so-called informal Nairobi settlement of Mathare and a village called Kondo – I will show that, on the one hand, waters' multiplicity proliferates and, on the other hand, multiple waters and alternative water realities are deliberately undone. The paper closes with a call for the attentiveness to multiple waters.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46058806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Far right movements are waging a battle against pluralistic and democratic societies in Germany and beyond. Insofar as they seek to reorder the relationship between society, power, and space, they are inherently geographical and geopolitical projects. It is therefore no surprise that the rise of a new far right in recent years has sparked attention amongst political geographers. In German political geography, engagements with far right movements and their ideology have focused on regional socio-demographic patterns in extremist attitudes and votes for far right parties, or on the discursive construction of far right world views. We suggest that a conceptual renewal is in order and examine how assemblage theory can help to better understand how far right movements engender processes of territorialization and deterritorialization in their attempt to establish authoritative and nationalist social order. Understanding these processes requires a consideration of the interplay of discursive and affective processes. We outline the possibilities of such a perspective in three contexts: First, we propose to shift the focus from election results to political campaigns, the transregional networks on which they operate, and the spatial practices they produce. Second, we suggest to expand research on geopolitical imaginations of the far right to account for the dissemination and resonance of these imaginations in online media. Third, we outline how an assemblage approach can help to analyze the geographies of violence inherent in far right projects and their production of territories.
{"title":"Geographien von Wahlkampf, Medien und Gewalt: Extrem rechte Bewegungen aus assemblagetheoretischer Perspektive","authors":"T. Wiertz, Tobias Schopper","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-345-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-345-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Far right movements are waging a battle against pluralistic and democratic societies in Germany and beyond. Insofar as they seek to reorder the relationship between society, power, and space, they are inherently geographical and geopolitical projects. It is therefore no surprise that the rise of a new far right in recent years has sparked attention amongst political geographers. In German political geography, engagements with far right movements and their ideology have focused on regional socio-demographic patterns in extremist attitudes and votes for far right parties, or on the discursive construction of far right world views. We suggest that a conceptual renewal is in order and examine how assemblage theory can help to better understand how far right movements engender processes of territorialization and deterritorialization in their attempt to establish authoritative and nationalist social order. Understanding these processes requires a consideration of the interplay of discursive and affective processes. We outline the possibilities of such a perspective in three contexts: First, we propose to shift the focus from election results to political campaigns, the transregional networks on which they operate, and the spatial practices they produce. Second, we suggest to expand research on geopolitical imaginations of the far right to account for the dissemination and resonance of these imaginations in online media. Third, we outline how an assemblage approach can help to analyze the geographies of violence inherent in far right projects and their production of territories.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42367075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. On the Panamanian Caribbean coast and the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, foreign direct investment via residential tourism development drives land displacement. As land insecurities grow, particularly for local Indigenous and Afro-Panamanian peoples, ongoing dispossession is not simply about land, but rather simultaneously about land, people and their bodies. In Bocas, foreign land enclosures are infused with imaginaries, which take for granted Black female servitude and Black landlessness. Such imaginaries seemingly lock economically “poor” Afro-Panamanian women into particular kinds of work. To illustrate, I entangle feminist political ecological assertions that struggles over nature are embodied struggles, with intersectional and relational understandings of land and body. To do so, I draw insights from postcolonial, decolonial and Black feminist critiques of coloniality and settler colonialism. Building from this literature, I seek to show how a logic of elimination operates within the legal geographies of residential tourism development. In doing so, I highlight the historical and contemporary ways in which Afro-Panamanian women are naturalized as criadas (maids), a process that accompanies land enclosure. Blending ethnographic and historical data collection, I seek to illuminate how Afro-Panamanian women's livelihood struggles reflect both their acquiescence to residential tourism development, and their resilience in the face of Bocas' anti-black patriarchal coloniality. Thus, I argue that Afro-Panamanian women's desires for inclusion and belonging in Bocas' tourism enclave – a project that seeks to eliminate Indigenous and Black relations to coastal lands and foster their embodied subjection to foreign nationals – simultaneously reflects their struggles for the right to remain on the coast.
{"title":"Swiss human geographies lecture 2019 tourism troubles: feminist political ecologies of land and body in Panama","authors":"S. Mollett","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-327-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-327-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. On the Panamanian Caribbean coast and the Bocas del Toro Archipelago,\u0000foreign direct investment via residential tourism development drives land\u0000displacement. As land insecurities grow, particularly for local Indigenous\u0000and Afro-Panamanian peoples, ongoing dispossession is not simply about land, but rather simultaneously about land, people and their bodies. In Bocas, foreign land enclosures are infused with imaginaries, which take for granted Black female servitude and Black landlessness. Such imaginaries seemingly lock economically “poor” Afro-Panamanian women into particular kinds of work. To illustrate, I entangle feminist political ecological assertions that struggles over nature are embodied struggles, with intersectional and relational understandings of land and body. To do so, I draw insights from postcolonial, decolonial and Black feminist critiques of coloniality and settler colonialism. Building from this literature, I seek to show how a logic of elimination operates within the legal geographies of residential tourism development. In doing so, I highlight the historical and contemporary ways in which Afro-Panamanian women are naturalized as criadas (maids), a process that accompanies land enclosure. Blending ethnographic and historical data collection, I seek to illuminate how Afro-Panamanian women's livelihood struggles reflect both their acquiescence to residential tourism development, and their resilience in the face of Bocas' anti-black patriarchal coloniality. Thus, I argue that Afro-Panamanian women's desires for inclusion and belonging in Bocas' tourism enclave – a project that seeks to eliminate Indigenous and Black relations to coastal lands and foster their embodied subjection to foreign nationals – simultaneously reflects their struggles for the right to remain on the coast.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47731106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book review : Le climat au prisme des sciences sociales","authors":"L. Schneider","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-323-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-323-2022","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45428325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The growing influence of qualitative visualisations that support qualitative and mixed methods approaches in population geography specifically open new perspectives for theoretical and methodological developments. Whereas qualitative research using visualisation remains rare when compared to quantitative approaches, several cases of innovation can be identified in population geography. Furthermore, we identified three favourable conditions to potentially inspire new methods of visualisation: the growing relevance of art-based research, an increasing number of transdisciplinary experiences, and the contemporary critical debate on communicating using maps. Based on this diagnosis, we call for systematic experiments and exchange that can inform an intense transdisciplinary academic debate on key epistemological questions, on different approaches to visualisation, and on new tools and techniques to visualise in population geography and beyond.
{"title":"Qualitative visualisation – perspectives and potentials for population geography","authors":"Kristine Beurskens, Frank Meyer, F. Harvey","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-317-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-317-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The growing influence of qualitative visualisations that support qualitative and mixed methods approaches in population geography specifically open new perspectives for theoretical and methodological developments. Whereas qualitative research using visualisation remains rare\u0000when compared to quantitative approaches, several cases of innovation can be identified in population geography. Furthermore, we identified three favourable conditions to potentially inspire new methods of visualisation:\u0000the growing relevance of art-based research, an increasing number of\u0000transdisciplinary experiences, and the contemporary critical debate on\u0000communicating using maps. Based on this diagnosis, we call for systematic\u0000experiments and exchange that can inform an intense transdisciplinary\u0000academic debate on key epistemological questions, on different approaches to visualisation, and on new tools and techniques to visualise in population geography and beyond.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43486732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book review: Öffentliche Bibliotheken zwischen Digitalisierung und Austerität: Kommunale Strategien und ihre Implikationen für die\u0000Bildungsgerechtigkeit","authors":"Melike Peterson","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-313-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-313-2022","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43770360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The relationship between “national” geographical schools and an increasingly globalized geographical theory-building under the logics of Anglophone hegemony has generated critical debate within geography. This paper aims to contribute to current discussions on the development of differential, language-based “schools of thought” in geography and how these are mobilized and de- and recontextualized when they travel beyond their origins. However, it does not focus on the period of Anglophone hegemony but intends to shed a new, historically informed light on the politics of geographical knowledge production. Against this backdrop, we study why, how and with what consequences German geographical knowledge traveled to Argentina in the 1940s – the end of the “German hegemony” – following the employment by the National University of Tucumán (UNT) of the four German geography professors Wilhelm Rohmeder, Gustav Fochler-Hauke, Fritz Machatschek and Willi Czajka, all of whom had been institutionally and ideologically entwined with National Socialism. Firstly, we show that the epistemic differences between “national” schools of geographical thought – skillfully juggled by the geographers we analyze here – can provide an opportunity for the successful de- and recontextualization of theory. Secondly, we argue that boundary spanning and the traveling of theory beyond their geographical origins – largely (implicitly) viewed as progressive – should always be put in context(s) and assessed more cautiously from a normative point of view.
{"title":"Globalizing geography before Anglophone hegemony: (buried) theories, (non-)traveling concepts, and “cosmopolitan geographers” in San Miguel de Tucumán (Argentina)","authors":"Gerhard Rainer, Simon Dudek","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-297-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-297-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The relationship between “national” geographical schools and an increasingly\u0000globalized geographical theory-building under the logics of Anglophone\u0000hegemony has generated critical debate within geography. This paper aims to\u0000contribute to current discussions on the development of differential,\u0000language-based “schools of thought” in geography and how these are mobilized\u0000and de- and recontextualized when they travel beyond their origins. However,\u0000it does not focus on the period of Anglophone hegemony but intends to shed a\u0000new, historically informed light on the politics of geographical knowledge\u0000production. Against this backdrop, we study why, how and with what\u0000consequences German geographical knowledge traveled to Argentina in the\u00001940s – the end of the “German hegemony” – following the employment by the\u0000National University of Tucumán (UNT) of the four German geography\u0000professors Wilhelm Rohmeder, Gustav Fochler-Hauke, Fritz Machatschek and\u0000Willi Czajka, all of whom had been institutionally and ideologically\u0000entwined with National Socialism. Firstly, we show that the epistemic\u0000differences between “national” schools of geographical thought – skillfully\u0000juggled by the geographers we analyze here – can provide an opportunity for\u0000the successful de- and recontextualization of theory. Secondly, we argue\u0000that boundary spanning and the traveling of theory beyond their geographical\u0000origins – largely (implicitly) viewed as progressive – should always be\u0000put in context(s) and assessed more cautiously from a normative point of\u0000view.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44771372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. This intervention argues for a German carceral geography that takes the framework of abolition seriously to develop a deeper understanding and critique of the exercise of power in institutional space. My claim is that we need to adapt abolition as a theoretical perspective and form of knowledge that allows us to expand the analysis of carceral practices and rationalities beyond imprisonment to include other institutional spaces of racializing, classing and disabling marginalisation.
{"title":"Abolitionistische Impulse für eine Sozialgeographie institutioneller Räume","authors":"Nadine Marquardt","doi":"10.5194/gh-77-289-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-289-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This intervention argues for a German carceral geography that takes the\u0000framework of abolition seriously to develop a deeper understanding and\u0000critique of the exercise of power in institutional space. My claim is that\u0000we need to adapt abolition as a theoretical perspective and form of knowledge that allows us to expand the analysis of carceral practices and\u0000rationalities beyond imprisonment to include other institutional spaces of\u0000racializing, classing and disabling marginalisation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48914637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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