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2011 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology最新文献

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Modeling and backstepping-based control of an electromechanical actuator 机电致动器的建模与反步控制
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754350
A. Kebairi, M. Becherif, M. El Bagdouri, S. Cai
This paper deals with the modeling, identification and control of the Pierburg mechatronic actuator. This actuator is used in the BMW M57 diesel engine to control all the air which are charged and entered in the vehicle engine. The actuator static characteristics are exploited to model the system dynamics. Then, the obtained model from the identification procedure is used to design a nonlinear control based on the backstepping and Lyapunov theory. Simulation and experimental results are presented.
本文研究了Pierburg机电作动器的建模、辨识和控制。该致动器用于BMW M57柴油发动机,以控制所有被充电并进入车辆发动机的空气。利用作动器的静态特性对系统进行动力学建模。然后,利用辨识过程得到的模型,设计了基于反步和李雅普诺夫理论的非线性控制。给出了仿真和实验结果。
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引用次数: 1
Characteristics analysis of multiple in-wheel-induction-motors drive system 多轮内感应电机驱动系统特性分析
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754358
Fei Xu, Liming Shi
High speed maglev maintenance vehicle (MMV) is propelled by multiple in-wheel-induction-motors drive system (IWIM). This paper analyses the characteristics of multiple IWIM drive system for MMV. An electromechanical simulation platform is developed in our Lab. Adaptive flux observer is applied to provide speed sensor-less vector control for multiple IWIM drive system. The influences of different wheel radius, motor parameters and control schemes are simulated by setting different coefficient of radius and motor parameters. It shows that radius difference may seriously cause speed and traction force difference, and motor parameter difference may deteriorate dynamical performance. The coordinating motor control can improve the performance of multi-motors with less hard and software increase.
高速磁悬浮维修车(MMV)是由多轮内感应电机驱动系统驱动的。本文分析了MMV多IWIM驱动系统的特点。本实验室开发了机电仿真平台。采用自适应磁链观测器对多IWIM驱动系统进行无速度传感器矢量控制。通过设置不同的车轮半径系数和电机参数,模拟了不同车轮半径、电机参数和控制方案的影响。结果表明,半径差会引起转速和牵引力差,电机参数差会使动力性能变差。电机协调控制可以在减少硬件和软件增加的情况下提高多电机的性能。
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引用次数: 4
Knowledge acquisition from in-operation data for water supply system 从供水系统运行数据中获取知识
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754349
Hiroshi Matsuki, Y. Fujimoto
This study aims to replicate knowledge of operation for water supply system. The proposed method is able to extract knowledge of operation of experienced operators, and regenerate a plan of operation by using support vector regression. The proposed method can contribute to compensating for reduction of experienced operators.
本研究旨在复制供水系统的操作知识。该方法能够提取经验丰富的操作员的操作知识,并利用支持向量回归重新生成操作计划。所提出的方法有助于补偿经验丰富的操作员的减少。
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引用次数: 0
Fuzzy logic control of single-link flexible joint manipulator 单连杆柔性关节机械手的模糊逻辑控制
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754392
Ismail H. Akyuz, S. Kizir, Z. Bingul
In this paper, a single-link flexible joint robot is designed, fabricated and controlled. Three different fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) were used to remove link vibrations and to obtain accurate trajectory tracking of link end-point. The input variables of the first and the second FLCs are motor rotation angle error and its derivative, and end-effector deflection error and derivative of deflection error, respectively. The outputs of these controllers are inputs of the third FLC producing the control signal of the flexible joint system. All of the FLCs were embedded in ds1103 real time control board. In the step response experiments, the error of motor rotation angle was obtained less than 0.12 degree and there was no steady-state error in the end-effector deflection. In the different trajectory-tracking experiments with the same FLC structure, small errors and phase shift in the system variables were occurred. Also, parameters of flexible arm were changed to test robustness of the FLC. It is seen that FLC are very robust to internal and external disturbances. Considering the all results of the experiments, FLC shows efficient performance in flexible robot arm.
本文对单连杆柔性关节机器人进行了设计、制造和控制。采用三种不同的模糊逻辑控制器(flc)来消除链路振动并获得链路端点的精确轨迹跟踪。第一flc和第二flc的输入变量分别为电机转角误差及其导数、末端执行器偏转误差和偏转误差导数。这些控制器的输出作为第三个FLC的输入,产生柔性关节系统的控制信号。所有flc都嵌入在ds1103实时控制板中。在阶跃响应实验中,电机转角误差小于0.12度,且末端执行器偏转无稳态误差。在相同FLC结构的不同轨迹跟踪实验中,系统变量出现了较小的误差和相移。同时,通过改变柔性臂的参数来测试FLC的鲁棒性。可见,FLC对内外扰动具有很强的鲁棒性。综合实验结果,FLC在柔性机械臂中表现出良好的性能。
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引用次数: 16
How to not get frustrated with neural networks 如何避免对神经网络感到沮丧
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754336
B. Wilamowski
In the presentation major difficulties of designing neural networks are shown. It turn out that popular MLP (Multi Layer Perceptron) networks in most cases produces far from satisfactory results. Also, popular EBP (Error Back Propagation) algorithm is very slow and often is not capable to train best neural network architectures. Very powerful and fast LM (Levenberg- Marquardt) algorithm was unfortunately implemented only for MLP networks. Also, because a necessity of the inversion of the matrix, which size is proportional to number of patterns, the LM algorithm can be used only for small problems. However, the major frustration with neural networks occurs when too large neural networks are used and it is being trained with too small number of training patterns. Indeed, such networks, with excessive number of neurons, can be trained to very small errors, but these networks will respond very poorly for new patterns, which were not used for training. The most of frustrations with neural network can be eliminated when smaller, more effective, architectures are used and trained by newly developed NBN (Neuron-by-Neuron) algorithm.
介绍了设计神经网络的主要困难。事实证明,在大多数情况下,流行的MLP(多层感知器)网络产生的结果远远不能令人满意。此外,流行的EBP(误差反向传播)算法非常慢,通常无法训练出最好的神经网络架构。非常强大和快速的LM (Levenberg- Marquardt)算法不幸的是只实现了MLP网络。此外,由于矩阵的大小与模式的数量成正比,因此需要对矩阵进行反演,因此LM算法只能用于小问题。然而,当使用的神经网络太大,而训练模式太少时,神经网络的主要挫折就会发生。事实上,这样的网络,有过多的神经元,可以被训练到非常小的错误,但是这些网络对新的模式的反应非常差,这些模式没有被用于训练。当使用更小、更有效的架构并通过新开发的NBN (Neuron-by-Neuron)算法进行训练时,神经网络的大多数挫折都可以消除。
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引用次数: 23
The design object model for robotic assembly of mechanical components 机械零件机器人装配的设计对象模型
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754394
T. Nagai, S. Aramaki, V. Moshnyaga
Industrial robots have been recently introduced into the assembly line of consumer products. To assemble a product, goal coordinates must be specified for the robot. Because this task is quite difficult and time-consuming, we propose computing the values of goal coordinates from an object model of target design. In this paper, we define a model capable of managing information necessary for assembling parts by a robot. The effectiveness of the model is verified by using an experimental system.
工业机器人最近被引入到消费品的装配线上。装配产品时,必须为机器人指定目标坐标。由于这一任务相当困难且耗时,我们提出从目标设计的目标模型中计算目标坐标的值。在本文中,我们定义了一个能够管理机器人装配零件所需信息的模型。通过实验系统验证了该模型的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
SURF-based spatio-temporal history image method for action representation 基于surf的时空历史图像动作表示方法
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754412
Md Atiqur Rahman Ahad, J. Tan, Hyoungseop Kim, S. Ishikawa
Researches on action understanding and analysis are very crucial for various applications in computer vision. However, these face numerous challenges to represent and recognize different complex actions. This paper presents a noble spatio-temporal 3D (XYT) method for recognizing various complex activities, with a blend of local and global feature-based approach for motion representation. We incorporate SURF (Speeded-Up Robust Features), which is a scale- and rotation-invariant interest point detector and descriptor. Based on the interest points, optical flow-based directional motion history and energy images are developed. In this approach, the flow-based motion vectors are split into four different channels. From these channels, the corresponding four directional templates are computed. 56-D feature vector is calculated according to the Hu invariants for each action. k-nearest neighbor classification scheme is employed for recognition. We employ leave-one-out cross-validation method for partitioning scheme. We apply our method to outdoor dataset and we achieve satisfactory recognition results. We compare our method with some of other approaches and show that our method outperforms them.
在计算机视觉的各种应用中,动作理解和分析的研究是至关重要的。然而,它们在表示和识别不同的复杂动作方面面临着许多挑战。本文提出了一种用于识别各种复杂活动的高贵时空三维(XYT)方法,该方法融合了基于局部和全局特征的运动表示方法。我们结合SURF(加速鲁棒特征),这是一个尺度和旋转不变的兴趣点检测器和描述符。基于兴趣点,建立了基于光流的定向运动历史和能量图像。在这种方法中,基于流的运动矢量被分成四个不同的通道。从这些通道中计算出相应的四个方向模板。根据每个动作的Hu不变量计算56-D特征向量。采用k近邻分类方案进行识别。对分区方案采用留一交叉验证方法。将该方法应用于室外数据集,取得了令人满意的识别效果。我们将我们的方法与其他一些方法进行比较,表明我们的方法优于它们。
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引用次数: 3
Development of an automated data acquisition system for low speed air-intake studies 低速进气自动数据采集系统的研制
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754377
C. Singh, K. Poddar
This paper presents the implementation aspects of an automated data acquisition system for low speed air-intake studies on aircraft models. The system has been developed at National Wind Tunnel Facility (NWTF), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, (India) using virtual instrumentation technique and PXI (PCI eXtension for Instrumentation) architecture which enhances the productivity and reduces the cost through easy-to-integrate application software and PXI modular hardware. The application software of the system called virtual instrument has been developed using LabVIEW-based graphical development environment which enables the test engineer to configure the system easily to carry out air-intake studies for various intake aircraft configurations. The PXI architecture used for the system is very versatile and meets the specific needs of measurement and control applications by adding an integrated trigger bus and reference clock for multi-board synchronization. The system presented in this work has been used successfully for air-intake studies on various configurations of intake aircraft models.
介绍了一种用于飞机模型低速进气研究的自动数据采集系统的实现方法。该系统由印度坎普尔理工学院(IIT)国家风洞设施(NWTF)开发,采用虚拟仪器技术和PXI (PCI扩展仪器仪表)架构,通过易于集成的应用软件和PXI模块化硬件,提高了生产率并降低了成本。利用基于labview的图形化开发环境开发了该系统的应用软件虚拟仪器,使测试工程师能够方便地对系统进行各种进气构型的进气研究。该系统使用的PXI架构非常通用,通过添加集成触发总线和多板同步参考时钟来满足测量和控制应用的特定需求。本文提出的系统已成功地用于各种进气机型的进气研究。
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引用次数: 1
Fatigue-induced changes in brain nonlinearity inferred by nonparametric and differential equation models of fMRI 由非参数和微分方程模型推断的疲劳引起的大脑非线性变化
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754398
G. Deshpande, Xiaoping Hu
In this paper we investigated the nonlinear sources of neurophysiologic changes in the motor cortex due to peripheral fatigue using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The changes in nonlinearity was tracked from pre- to post-fatigue resting state using patterns of singularities in the complex plane. A significant decrease in nonlinearity with an accompanying decrease in determinism was observed post fatigue. The possible contributing factors for such a change include decreased excitability of cortical neurons and/or changes in neurovascular coupling. The dynamical changes of nonlinearity during the task showed a decrease in nonlinearity in the initial phase of the task followed by a partial recovery that continued into the post-fatigue resting state. This observation not only proves the hypothesis that cortical effects of fatigue extend beyond the fatiguing task, but also strengthens the possibility of changes in the nonlinearity of neurovascular coupling as a result of fatigue. Subsequently the source of nonlinearity was characterized using a polynomial differential equation model. We found that the nonlinearity is primarily driven by a square relation and to some extent by a logarithmic relation. Also, the magnitude of the coefficients contributing to these nonlinearities decrease post-fatigue confirming the earlier observation.
本文利用功能磁共振成像(fMRI)研究了外周疲劳引起的运动皮层神经生理变化的非线性来源。利用复平面上的奇异点模式跟踪了疲劳前到疲劳后静息状态的非线性变化。疲劳后观察到非线性显著降低,确定性随之降低。造成这种变化的可能因素包括皮层神经元兴奋性降低和/或神经血管偶联的改变。非线性在任务过程中的动态变化表现为非线性在任务初始阶段有所下降,随后部分恢复,并持续到疲劳后静息状态。这一观察结果不仅证明了疲劳的皮层效应超出疲劳任务的假设,而且加强了疲劳导致神经血管耦合非线性变化的可能性。随后,利用多项式微分方程模型对非线性源进行了表征。我们发现非线性主要由平方关系驱动,在一定程度上由对数关系驱动。此外,导致这些非线性的系数的大小在疲劳后减小,证实了先前的观察结果。
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引用次数: 0
Vegetation detection for outdoor automobile guidance 户外汽车导航植被检测
Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2011.5754402
Duong-Van Nguyen, L. Kuhnert, Tao Jiang, S. Thamke, K. Kuhnert
Recently, there are many autonomous navigation applications done in outdoor environment. However, safe navigation is still a daunting challenge in terrain containing vegetation. Thus, a study on vegetation detection for outdoor automobile navigation is investigated in this work. At the early state of our research, we focused on the segmentation of LADAR data into two classes by using local three-dimensional point cloud statistics. The classes are: scatter to represent vegetation such as tall grasses, bushes and tree canopy, surface to capture solid objects like ground surface, rocks or tree trunks. However, the only use of 3D features would never result a real robust vegetation detection system because of lacking color information. We, hence, propose a 2D-3D combination approach which can utilize the complement of three-dimensional point distribution and color descriptor. Firstly, 3D point cloud is segmented into regions of homogeneous distance. The local point distribution is then analyzed for each region to extract scatter features. Secondly, a coarse 2D-3D calibration needs to be implemented in order to map the regions to the corresponding color image. Then, color descriptors are studied and applied to each region and considered as color features. Those all scatter and color features will be trained by Support Vector Machine to generate vegetation classifier. Finally, we will show the out-performance of this approach in comparison with more conventional approaches.
近年来,自主导航在室外环境下的应用越来越多。然而,在植被覆盖的地形中,安全导航仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。因此,本文对户外汽车导航中的植被检测进行了研究。在研究初期,我们主要是利用局部三维点云统计将LADAR数据分割为两类。这些类是:分散表示植被,如高大的草,灌木和树冠,表面捕获固体物体,如地面,岩石或树干。然而,由于缺乏颜色信息,仅使用3D特征无法产生真正鲁棒的植被检测系统。因此,我们提出了一种利用三维点分布和颜色描述符互补的2D-3D组合方法。首先,将三维点云分割成距离均匀的区域;然后分析每个区域的局部点分布,提取散点特征。其次,需要进行粗略的2D-3D校准,以便将这些区域映射到相应的彩色图像。然后,研究颜色描述符并将其应用于每个区域,并将其视为颜色特征。这些散点和颜色特征将被支持向量机训练生成植被分类器。最后,我们将展示与更传统的方法相比,这种方法的优越性能。
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引用次数: 28
期刊
2011 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology
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