Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.09.003
Carlos Chérrez Bermejo , María Ilundáin Cabedo , Guillermo Cabero López , Isabel Ibarrola Hermoso de Mendoza , Raquel Amatriain Pileño , María Muñiz Lorenzo
{"title":"Condiloma acuminado oral en una menor de 7 años. Controversias médico-legales en su vía de transmisión","authors":"Carlos Chérrez Bermejo , María Ilundáin Cabedo , Guillermo Cabero López , Isabel Ibarrola Hermoso de Mendoza , Raquel Amatriain Pileño , María Muñiz Lorenzo","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.08.002
Christoph G. Birngruber, Stefanie Plenzig, Constanze Nieß, Johannes Baumgarten
{"title":"Carta al editor sobre el articulo Coloración visceral post mortem debido al azul de metileno","authors":"Christoph G. Birngruber, Stefanie Plenzig, Constanze Nieß, Johannes Baumgarten","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500444
Sonsoles Castro Herranz
{"title":"Muertes en custodia: Un problema complejo","authors":"Sonsoles Castro Herranz","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 500444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.003
Mar Pastor-Bravo , Miquel Salvador-Serna , Rosana Marcos-Ramos , Eneko Barbería-Marcalain , Marta Grijalba-Mazo , Rafael Bañón-González , César Casado-de Santiago , Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Padial
Currently, the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (IMLCF) are in a turbulent environment favored by the emergence of new challenges and different professional categories and demands, all of this linked to the generational change and the imminent change in the qualification requirements for access to the Corps of Forensic Doctors. Beyond the need for greater resources, the convenience of exploring the capacities of the IMLCF to face these challenges is raised. From the emerging paradigm of robust governance, articulated from four institutional capacities (strategic, management, relational and analytical) a scheme is proposed that allows the articulation of change proposals to promote the systematic reinforcement of the IMLCF.
To do this, an operating model based on flexibility with adaptive capacity must be implemented, but which integrates the essential stability to maintain its basic activities.
It is proposed to plan and give proposals for improvement that help to successfully face the challenge of generational change in forensic medicine professionals taking the IMLCF of Alicante as an example.
{"title":"El reto del relevo generacional desde la gobernanza robusta en los institutos de medicina legal y ciencias forenses de España. Un ejemplo de liderazgo y gestión pública en el Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Alicante","authors":"Mar Pastor-Bravo , Miquel Salvador-Serna , Rosana Marcos-Ramos , Eneko Barbería-Marcalain , Marta Grijalba-Mazo , Rafael Bañón-González , César Casado-de Santiago , Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Padial","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (IMLCF) are in a turbulent environment favored by the emergence of new challenges and different professional categories and demands, all of this linked to the generational change and the imminent change in the qualification requirements for access to the Corps of Forensic Doctors. Beyond the need for greater resources, the convenience of exploring the capacities of the IMLCF to face these challenges is raised. From the emerging paradigm of robust governance, articulated from four institutional capacities (strategic, management, relational and analytical) a scheme is proposed that allows the articulation of change proposals to promote the systematic reinforcement of the IMLCF.</div><div>To do this, an operating model based on flexibility with adaptive capacity must be implemented, but which integrates the essential stability to maintain its basic activities.</div><div>It is proposed to plan and give proposals for improvement that help to successfully face the challenge of generational change in forensic medicine professionals taking the IMLCF of Alicante as an example.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.08.001
Esperanza López Hidalgo, María Victoria Villalba Soria, Desirée Ruiz Ruano
Introduction
Chemical submission is a phenomenon that has become increasingly important in recent years and doctors who care for a victim should have enough knowledge about it. Our objective is to determine the degree of knowledge of doctors who, in their professional condition, could assist to a chemical submission victim.
Material and methods
We have carried out a survey among health workers who can assist to a chemical submission victim in order to determine their level of knowledge in this matter.
Results
The results show that doctors think they don't have enough knowledge about chemical submission.
Conclusions
Specific training programs in chemical submission should be implemented.
{"title":"Sumisión química. Evaluación del grado de conocimiento de los profesionales sanitarios","authors":"Esperanza López Hidalgo, María Victoria Villalba Soria, Desirée Ruiz Ruano","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Chemical submission is a phenomenon that has become increasingly important in recent years and doctors who care for a victim should have enough knowledge about it. Our objective is to determine the degree of knowledge of doctors who, in their professional condition, could assist to a chemical submission victim.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We have carried out a survey among health workers who can assist to a chemical submission victim in order to determine their level of knowledge in this matter.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results show that doctors think they don't have enough knowledge about chemical submission.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Specific training programs in chemical submission should be implemented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.003
Carlos García Caballero, María Antonia Martínez González
Introduction
a 39,5% of violent deaths occurred in Spanish prisons, were drugs related deaths.
In this study we assess the role of abuse drugs and prescribed psychoactive drugs in a cohort of prison's deaths cases along three years.
Materials and methods
a cohort of 40 cases were received during the period 2021–2023. Each of them was classified following several parameters: sex, age, pathologies, pharmacological treatment, reported cause of death and toxicological analysis (analyzed samples and detected substances following analytical routine).
Results
An 82,5% of cases submitted (n = 33) were classified as violent deaths: suicide by hanging (39.4%; n = 13) and drug related deaths (60.6%; n = 20). Victim's profile was a man with a mean age of 39.5 years old, who suffered a mental disease and had prescribed a medical treatment mainly with psychoactive drugs.
In cases of suicide by hanging, toxicological analysis revealed psychoactive drugs consumption, such as bezodiazepines and GABAergic drugs. On the other hand, in drug related deaths cases, poly-drug consumption involving abuse drugs and prescribed drugs, was prevalent.
Discussion
The whole of violent deaths cases showed a positive toxicologycal result. In regard oh these results, we should highlight the absence of alcohol, and the polyconsumption of prescribed and not prescribed psychoactive drugs involving abuse drugs in those cases where polydrug intoxication was reported as cause of death. Abuse drugs detected corresponded with consumption pattern in Spanish society.
{"title":"Muertes en prisión: hallazgos toxicológicos en los casos analizados en el Instituto Nacional de Toxicología y Ciencias Forenses (Madrid) en el período 2021–2023","authors":"Carlos García Caballero, María Antonia Martínez González","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>a 39,5% of violent deaths occurred in Spanish prisons, were drugs related deaths.</div><div>In this study we assess the role of abuse drugs and prescribed psychoactive drugs in a cohort of prison's deaths cases along three years.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>a cohort of 40 cases were received during the period 2021–2023. Each of them was classified following several parameters: sex, age, pathologies, pharmacological treatment, reported cause of death and toxicological analysis (analyzed samples and detected substances following analytical routine).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>An 82,5% of cases submitted (<em>n</em> = 33) were classified as violent deaths: suicide by hanging (39.4%; <em>n</em> = 13) and drug related deaths (60.6%; <em>n</em> = 20). Victim's profile was a man with a mean age of 39.5 years old, who suffered a mental disease and had prescribed a medical treatment mainly with psychoactive drugs.</div><div>In cases of suicide by hanging, toxicological analysis revealed psychoactive drugs consumption, such as bezodiazepines and GABAergic drugs. On the other hand, in drug related deaths cases, poly-drug consumption involving abuse drugs and prescribed drugs, was prevalent.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The whole of violent deaths cases showed a positive toxicologycal result. In regard oh these results, we should highlight the absence of alcohol, and the polyconsumption of prescribed and not prescribed psychoactive drugs involving abuse drugs in those cases where polydrug intoxication was reported as cause of death. Abuse drugs detected corresponded with consumption pattern in Spanish society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.002
Francisco J. Pera , Rosa M. Marote , Teresa Elegido , Irene L. Álvarez , Julia Benéitez
Throughout their professional life, forensic doctors and psychiatric specialists are often confronted with suicide, whether attempted or completed. However, the type of suicide mechanism that we describe in this article (suicide attempt by police officer) is highly infrequent in our environment, although not in other cultures. So much so that, with more than one hundred years of professional practice between all the authors, this is the first time that we have been confronted with this suicide mechanism.
{"title":"Tentativa de suicidio por policía: a propósito de un caso","authors":"Francisco J. Pera , Rosa M. Marote , Teresa Elegido , Irene L. Álvarez , Julia Benéitez","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Throughout their professional life, forensic doctors and psychiatric specialists are often confronted with suicide, whether attempted or completed. However, the type of suicide mechanism that we describe in this article (suicide attempt by police officer) is highly infrequent in our environment, although not in other cultures. So much so that, with more than one hundred years of professional practice between all the authors, this is the first time that we have been confronted with this suicide mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.001
Eduardo Rojas-Prado, Irán Cortés-Trujillo, Mayra E. García-Aceves, Mariana Chávez-Arreguín, Karina González-Becerra, Alma F. Favela-Mendoza, Héctor Rangel-Villalobos
Introduction
The Investigator Argus X-12 kit is a valuable complementary tool for human identification purposes, especially for solving complex kinship cases. The analysis of these cases generates valuable information in routine forensic work, such as a posteriori informativeness (LR: likelihood ratio) and mutation rates.
Objetive
To analyze the LR offered by the Argus X-12 QS kit in 74 Mexican families, including the father, mother, and daughter(s), respectively.
Methods
Exact LRs were estimated with the FamlinkX software in the families as paternity trio cases (n = 74; average 8.E + 14) and duo cases (n = 148; average 6.1E + 11), omitting the mother and father, respectively.
Results
The LR of the trios (a posteriori) was significantly higher than the (a priori) parameter IP typical (3.98E + 04). As reference, we report the LR of complex kinship cases solved with X-STRs: maternal half-sisters (LR = 111), paternal half-sisters (LR = 5567), paternal half-sisters with their mothers (LR = 6.0E + 07, and paternal grandmother-granddaughter (LR = 15,864). Nine mutations were detected in 161 meiosis. The mutation rate was estimated in seven X-STRs, which was 0,0062 (1/161) for DXS10148, DXS10135, DXS8378, DXS10146, and DXS7423, and 0,0124 (2/161) for DXS10074 and DXS10101. These findings will be useful in future meta-analyses to achieve more conclusive estimates. A null allele in DXS10148 was inferred between a mother and daughter, supported by the low probability that the finding is explained by an 8-step mutation (26.1 → 18), and the low frequency of the 26.1 homozygote.
Conclusion
The a posteriori informativeness of Argus X-12 in paternity and kinship cases described herein, justify the inclusion of the X-STRs in forensic genetics labs.
{"title":"Informatividad a posteriori en casos de paternidad estándar con el kit Investigator Argus X-12 y hallazgos mutacionales","authors":"Eduardo Rojas-Prado, Irán Cortés-Trujillo, Mayra E. García-Aceves, Mariana Chávez-Arreguín, Karina González-Becerra, Alma F. Favela-Mendoza, Héctor Rangel-Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Investigator Argus X-12 kit is a valuable complementary tool for human identification purposes, especially for solving complex kinship cases. The analysis of these cases generates valuable information in routine forensic work, such as <em>a posteriori</em> informativeness (LR: likelihood ratio) and mutation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Objetive</h3><div>To analyze the LR offered by the Argus X-12 QS kit in 74 Mexican families, including the father, mother, and daughter(s), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Exact LRs were estimated with the FamlinkX software in the families as paternity trio cases (<em>n</em> <!-->= 74; average 8.E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->14) and duo cases (<em>n</em> <!-->= 148; average 6.1E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->11), omitting the mother and father, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The LR of the trios (<em>a posteriori</em>) was significantly higher than the <em>(</em><em>a priori)</em> parameter IP typical (3.98E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->04). As reference, we report the LR of complex kinship cases solved with X-STRs: maternal half-sisters (LR<!--> <!-->= 111), paternal half-sisters (LR<!--> <!-->= 5567), paternal half-sisters with their mothers (LR<!--> <!-->= 6.0E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->07, and paternal grandmother-granddaughter (LR<!--> <!-->= 15,864). Nine mutations were detected in 161 meiosis. The mutation rate was estimated in seven X-STRs, which was 0,0062 (1/161) for DXS10148, DXS10135, DXS8378, DXS10146, and DXS7423, and 0,0124 (2/161) for DXS10074 and DXS10101. These findings will be useful in future meta-analyses to achieve more conclusive estimates. A null allele in DXS10148 was inferred between a mother and daughter, supported by the low probability that the finding is explained by an 8-step mutation (26.1<!--> <!-->→<!--> <!-->18), and the low frequency of the 26.1 homozygote.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The <em>a posteriori</em> informativeness of Argus X-12 in paternity and kinship cases described herein, justify the inclusion of the X-STRs in forensic genetics labs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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