Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500461
Juan José López-Ossorio , Jorge Santos-Hermoso , Alicia Sánchez Camañ
{"title":"La violencia sexual ejercida en grupo en España. Caracterización de un fenómeno complejo","authors":"Juan José López-Ossorio , Jorge Santos-Hermoso , Alicia Sánchez Camañ","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 3","pages":"Article 500461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500462
Fernando Martín Cazorla , Mónica Tirado Pascual , Sergio Antonio Ranea Jimena , Mónica López García
We report the case of a 76-year-old man, with unknown medical history, who died suddenly. The autopsy showed a ruptured thoracic aneurysm as the cause of death. As incidentaloma there was a tumor of the left adrenal gland that after histopathological study corresponded to myelolipoma. The differential diagnosis with other adrenal tumors, their possible complications and their degree of participation in the death of the subject are considered.
{"title":"Mielolipoma suprarrenal infartado: hallazgo en un paciente pluripatológico","authors":"Fernando Martín Cazorla , Mónica Tirado Pascual , Sergio Antonio Ranea Jimena , Mónica López García","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the case of a 76-year-old man, with unknown medical history, who died suddenly. The autopsy showed a ruptured thoracic aneurysm as the cause of death. As incidentaloma there was a tumor of the left adrenal gland that after histopathological study corresponded to myelolipoma. The differential diagnosis with other adrenal tumors, their possible complications and their degree of participation in the death of the subject are considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 3","pages":"Article 500462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500474
Aurelio Luna Maldonado
{"title":"En memoria de la profesora María Castellano Arroyo","authors":"Aurelio Luna Maldonado","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500474","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 3","pages":"Article 500474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500476
Maritza García-Toro , Carlos Andrés Vargas-Alzate
Objective
To describe the profile of people with disabilities who have experienced some form of violence in the northwestern region of Colombia between 2021 and 2023.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study based on records from the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLCF). All reports of violence against people with disabilities in the departments of Antioquia, Córdoba, and Chocó from 2021 to 2023 were included. Sociodemographic, temporal, spatial, and event-specific variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests in SPSS software.
Results
A total of 503 cases of violence against people with disabilities were identified, with a regional incidence of 1.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Women were affected in 56.7% of cases. Women with mental, multiple, and hearing disabilities were the most impacted, while among men, violence was more prevalent in those with visual and physical disabilities. The home was the most common setting for the incidents, and the primary suspected aggressor was a family member.
Conclusions
This study highlights the vulnerability factors of people with disabilities to various forms of violence and underscores the need for differentiated public policies that address the specificities of this phenomenon. Violence in this group is not only mediated by gender but also by the type of disability and social structure. Greater awareness, preventive strategies, and a comprehensive approach are required to ensure protection and access to justice for these individuals.
{"title":"Violencia hacia las personas con discapacidad: perfil en la región noroccidental de Colombia, 2021–2023","authors":"Maritza García-Toro , Carlos Andrés Vargas-Alzate","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the profile of people with disabilities who have experienced some form of violence in the northwestern region of Colombia between 2021 and 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study based on records from the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLCF). All reports of violence against people with disabilities in the departments of Antioquia, Córdoba, and Chocó from 2021 to 2023 were included. Sociodemographic, temporal, spatial, and event-specific variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests in SPSS software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 503 cases of violence against people with disabilities were identified, with a regional incidence of 1.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Women were affected in 56.7% of cases. Women with mental, multiple, and hearing disabilities were the most impacted, while among men, violence was more prevalent in those with visual and physical disabilities. The home was the most common setting for the incidents, and the primary suspected aggressor was a family member.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the vulnerability factors of people with disabilities to various forms of violence and underscores the need for differentiated public policies that address the specificities of this phenomenon. Violence in this group is not only mediated by gender but also by the type of disability and social structure. Greater awareness, preventive strategies, and a comprehensive approach are required to ensure protection and access to justice for these individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 3","pages":"Article 500476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500460
Cecilia Salzillo , Andrea Marzullo , Stefania Galizia , Domenico Angiletta , Antonio De Donno
Arterial spontaneous dissection is a pathological condition that recognises various causes, from hereditary diseases such as connective tissue diseases to traumatic events. Although the pathogenesis of arterial disease remains unknown in most cases, nevertheless, it is important to define possible causes.
We report on the case of a 19-year-old young man, smoker, who presented with a spontaneous dissection of the extracranial left internal carotid artery, and subsequently a spontaneous dissection and early rupture of the left common iliac artery which was the cause of death.
In our case, the histopathological findings at autopsy revealed features consistent with fibromuscular dysplasia, a rare non-atherosclerotic vascular disease that mainly involves medium-sized muscular arteries.
{"title":"Sudden juvenile death: Simultaneous spontaneous dissection of the left extracranial internal carotid artery and the left common iliac artery","authors":"Cecilia Salzillo , Andrea Marzullo , Stefania Galizia , Domenico Angiletta , Antonio De Donno","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arterial spontaneous dissection is a pathological condition that recognises various causes, from hereditary diseases such as connective tissue diseases to traumatic events. Although the pathogenesis of arterial disease remains unknown in most cases, nevertheless, it is important to define possible causes.</div><div>We report on the case of a 19-year-old young man, smoker, who presented with a spontaneous dissection of the extracranial left internal carotid artery, and subsequently a spontaneous dissection and early rupture of the left common iliac artery which was the cause of death.</div><div>In our case, the histopathological findings at autopsy revealed features consistent with fibromuscular dysplasia, a rare non-atherosclerotic vascular disease that mainly involves medium-sized muscular arteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 3","pages":"Article 500460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/S0377-4732(25)00037-9
{"title":"Agradecimientos Revista Española de Medicina Legal 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0377-4732(25)00037-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0377-4732(25)00037-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500454
Miguel Antonio Lasheras-Pérez , Begoña Martínez-Jarreta , Begoña Escutia-Muñoz , Rafael Botella-Estrada
{"title":"Aspectos legales sobre la presencia de menores en redes sociales y la promoción de productos cosméticos en España","authors":"Miguel Antonio Lasheras-Pérez , Begoña Martínez-Jarreta , Begoña Escutia-Muñoz , Rafael Botella-Estrada","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500452
Maria Espín-Sans , Carles Martin-Fumadó , Josep Arimany-Manso
Introduction
Some physicians are singled out for sexual misconduct in a professional practice. Knowledge of the characteristics of such cases may allow their prevention and the development of recommendations regarding this.
Material and methods
Review of the files for alleged offences against sexual freedom among the 11,273 complaints of the Council of Medical Associations of Catalonia (CMAC) and the judicial database ‘vLex’ (1985-August 2024).
Results
76 cases were obtained, studying the present elements and comparing them according to resolution (conviction or acquittal).
Discussion
The sample size conditions the analysis. However, the difficult access to these cases and their relevance gives great value to the study. The elements presented should be evaluated in each specific case and their judicial treatment is subject to interpretation.
Conclusions
Better information is recommended regarding about the need for a physical exam, its consent, the need to remove clothing, the use of gloves, inappropriate comments and the presence of a witness is recommended.
{"title":"Análisis de presuntas conductas sexuales inapropiadas de médicos en el ejercicio de la profesión","authors":"Maria Espín-Sans , Carles Martin-Fumadó , Josep Arimany-Manso","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Some physicians are singled out for sexual misconduct in a professional practice. Knowledge of the characteristics of such cases may allow their prevention and the development of recommendations regarding this.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Review of the files for alleged offences against sexual freedom among the 11,273 complaints of the Council of Medical Associations of Catalonia (CMAC) and the judicial database ‘vLex’ (1985-August 2024).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>76 cases were obtained, studying the present elements and comparing them according to resolution (conviction or acquittal).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The sample size conditions the analysis. However, the difficult access to these cases and their relevance gives great value to the study. The elements presented should be evaluated in each specific case and their judicial treatment is subject to interpretation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Better information is recommended regarding about the need for a physical exam, its consent, the need to remove clothing, the use of gloves, inappropriate comments and the presence of a witness is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500459
Alfonso Colorado Casado de Amezúa, Elvira Garrido-Lestache López-Belmonte, Juan Giner Blasco
The flood in Valencia (Spain) has so far caused 224 casualties, making it the catastrophic event with the highest number of fatalities in Spain's recent history. This catastrophe involving a high number of victims, a large geographical extension and the destruction of infrastructures posed a major challenge to the forensic response. This article presents the work carried out during an open disaster, following the adhesion of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science of Valencia to the application of ‘Real Decreto 32/2009 approving the National Protocol for Forensic and Scientific Police intervention in multiple casualties events’ in Spain. The excellent performance of the members of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science of Valencia and the rest of Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science of Spain, together with the specialists of the Civil Guard and National Police corps, allowed the fast and efficient location, transfer, autopsy, identification and delivery of all the victims to their relatives. Likewise, some recommendations for action are suggested as a result of the experience acquired to face future events of similar characteristics.
{"title":"Actuación médico-forense durante la riada en Valencia (España) el 29 de octubre de 2024","authors":"Alfonso Colorado Casado de Amezúa, Elvira Garrido-Lestache López-Belmonte, Juan Giner Blasco","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flood in Valencia (Spain) has so far caused 224 casualties, making it the catastrophic event with the highest number of fatalities in Spain's recent history. This catastrophe involving a high number of victims, a large geographical extension and the destruction of infrastructures posed a major challenge to the forensic response. This article presents the work carried out during an open disaster, following the adhesion of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science of Valencia to the application of ‘Real Decreto 32/2009 approving the National Protocol for Forensic and Scientific Police intervention in multiple casualties events’ in Spain. The excellent performance of the members of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science of Valencia and the rest of Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science of Spain, together with the specialists of the Civil Guard and National Police corps, allowed the fast and efficient location, transfer, autopsy, identification and delivery of all the victims to their relatives. Likewise, some recommendations for action are suggested as a result of the experience acquired to face future events of similar characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2025.500457
Carmen Rodero Astaburuaga
On October the 29th of 2024, the province of Valencia suffered one of the most devastating events because of the DANA meteorological phenomenon that destroyed several towns in L’Horta Sud. For a period of 12 days, the state of emergency was decreed and the forensic doctors of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Valencia, together with the rest of the professionals, actively participated in the tasks of removing bodies, identifying and delivering bodies to relatives in a totally exceptional situation.
Perfect teamwork, Head of Justice, forensic doctors, officials of Management and Processing Assistance Corps, Physicians, laboratory assistants and technicians, autopsy assistants, psychologists, social workers, Legal Medicine residents, funeral company workers, cleaning workers, City of Justice cafeteria service, National Police, Civil Guard, Military Emergency Unit and informatic workers.
The physical and mental over exertion of all who participated under the orders of the Director of the Institute of Legal Medicine resulted in an exquisite work where values beyond the purely professional emerged. After 12 days of intense work, almost 200 victims of the catastrophe were fully identified and 200 families partially comforted and consoled. That’s the real meaning of our work.
{"title":"La DANA de Valencia de octubre de 2024: los 12 días del estado de emergencia en la provincia de Valencia (España)","authors":"Carmen Rodero Astaburuaga","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2025.500457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On October the 29th of 2024, the province of Valencia suffered one of the most devastating events because of the DANA meteorological phenomenon that destroyed several towns in L’Horta Sud. For a period of 12 days, the state of emergency was decreed and the forensic doctors of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Valencia, together with the rest of the professionals, actively participated in the tasks of removing bodies, identifying and delivering bodies to relatives in a totally exceptional situation.</div><div>Perfect teamwork, Head of Justice, forensic doctors, officials of Management and Processing Assistance Corps, Physicians, laboratory assistants and technicians, autopsy assistants, psychologists, social workers, Legal Medicine residents, funeral company workers, cleaning workers, City of Justice cafeteria service, National Police, Civil Guard, Military Emergency Unit and informatic workers.</div><div>The physical and mental over exertion of all who participated under the orders of the Director of the Institute of Legal Medicine resulted in an exquisite work where values beyond the purely professional emerged. After 12 days of intense work, almost 200 victims of the catastrophe were fully identified and 200 families partially comforted and consoled. That’s the real meaning of our work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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