Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439412
C. Peoples, M. Hetherington
As technology has evolved, so too has the way which we store information: Simple items like photographs which, in the past we could have flicked through in a printed album, are now often only stored online. If they are not accessible online, they will therefore not be accessible at all once we are no longer around to locate them. This may have a psychological impact on the people we leave behind. In addition to the ethical concern, management of assets in the cloud is also a resource management challenge from the sustainability and environmental perspectives: As redundant data increasingly consumes resources, network sustainability becomes compromised. There is therefore an opportunity to optimize the process for the ethical, environmental, and sustainability implications of doing so. To determine the extent to which a problem exists both now and potentially in the future, we have conducted a survey to capture perceptions on cloud footprints in general, and the importance which people place on recovering digital assets from the cloud prior to death. Our results confirm that online users are generally unaware that this is an aspect which they should be considering in their estate planning - only 29% of respondents have considered what will happen their online data after death - but the majority agree that it is important and indicate that they will give it greater attention in the future.
{"title":"The cloud afterlife: Managing your digital legacy","authors":"C. Peoples, M. Hetherington","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439412","url":null,"abstract":"As technology has evolved, so too has the way which we store information: Simple items like photographs which, in the past we could have flicked through in a printed album, are now often only stored online. If they are not accessible online, they will therefore not be accessible at all once we are no longer around to locate them. This may have a psychological impact on the people we leave behind. In addition to the ethical concern, management of assets in the cloud is also a resource management challenge from the sustainability and environmental perspectives: As redundant data increasingly consumes resources, network sustainability becomes compromised. There is therefore an opportunity to optimize the process for the ethical, environmental, and sustainability implications of doing so. To determine the extent to which a problem exists both now and potentially in the future, we have conducted a survey to capture perceptions on cloud footprints in general, and the importance which people place on recovering digital assets from the cloud prior to death. Our results confirm that online users are generally unaware that this is an aspect which they should be considering in their estate planning - only 29% of respondents have considered what will happen their online data after death - but the majority agree that it is important and indicate that they will give it greater attention in the future.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132829939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439403
T. Partridge
Contemporary human behaviours using the Internet and social media are an extension of behaviours seen long before the knowledge society. In particular, online identities and avatars, and the behaviours associated with these, have strong precedents in literature, in philosophy and in medieval carnival. The philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin has described these phenomena in detail. The growth in scale of such behaviours is the major difference as vast numbers of people display their thoughts and personalities online. But the arrival, and propagation, of printed books and pamphlets in Europe from the 15th century, and the later arrival of film and TV in the 20th century show a similar - though less extensive - increase in scale. Just as these new media, in the past, gave people the opportunities to demonstrate behaviours in a new and more extensive context, the knowledge society has also extended people's opportunities. This paper argues that there is nothing inherently new, or indeed unethical, about this kind of behaviour, except for scale.
{"title":"To what extent has human thought and personality become encapsulated by technology-related activity?","authors":"T. Partridge","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439403","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary human behaviours using the Internet and social media are an extension of behaviours seen long before the knowledge society. In particular, online identities and avatars, and the behaviours associated with these, have strong precedents in literature, in philosophy and in medieval carnival. The philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin has described these phenomena in detail. The growth in scale of such behaviours is the major difference as vast numbers of people display their thoughts and personalities online. But the arrival, and propagation, of printed books and pamphlets in Europe from the 15th century, and the later arrival of film and TV in the 20th century show a similar - though less extensive - increase in scale. Just as these new media, in the past, gave people the opportunities to demonstrate behaviours in a new and more extensive context, the knowledge society has also extended people's opportunities. This paper argues that there is nothing inherently new, or indeed unethical, about this kind of behaviour, except for scale.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"450 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132976604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439404
K. Agbele, P. Oriogun, Ayodele G. Seluwa, Kehinde D. Aruleba
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is gaining ground in all areas of life, and, developing countries are taking advantage of this phenomenon in numerous sectors including, socio-economic development, education and healthcare. With particular emphasis on healthcare, where access to appropriate information can minimize visits to physicians and periods of hospitalization for patients suffering from chronic conditions that can cause untimely death if not properly treated, e.g. asthma, diabetes, TB and HIV/AIDS diffusion. The overall objective of this paper is to discuss and describe a model for enhancing ICT for development (ICT4D) and the significance of information security in healthcare institutions. The paper focus is important because we are particularly interested in the information security aspect of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) with patients' information protected from possible security threats in hospitals, when sensitive information has to be communicated among healthcare agents. We have identified some healthcare ICT information sharing components in the context of our proposed model as fundamental characteristics to fulfil the information requirements. We further describe how the identified agents in healthcare ICT readiness components interact with a required data to generate the desirable output we have termed in this paper as healthcare ICT SMART Impact. We believe our SMART model will provide support for the local indigenous communities, our target group in a developing economy through Telemedicine.
{"title":"Towards a model for enhancing ICT4 development and information security in healthcare system","authors":"K. Agbele, P. Oriogun, Ayodele G. Seluwa, Kehinde D. Aruleba","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439404","url":null,"abstract":"Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is gaining ground in all areas of life, and, developing countries are taking advantage of this phenomenon in numerous sectors including, socio-economic development, education and healthcare. With particular emphasis on healthcare, where access to appropriate information can minimize visits to physicians and periods of hospitalization for patients suffering from chronic conditions that can cause untimely death if not properly treated, e.g. asthma, diabetes, TB and HIV/AIDS diffusion. The overall objective of this paper is to discuss and describe a model for enhancing ICT for development (ICT4D) and the significance of information security in healthcare institutions. The paper focus is important because we are particularly interested in the information security aspect of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) with patients' information protected from possible security threats in hospitals, when sensitive information has to be communicated among healthcare agents. We have identified some healthcare ICT information sharing components in the context of our proposed model as fundamental characteristics to fulfil the information requirements. We further describe how the identified agents in healthcare ICT readiness components interact with a required data to generate the desirable output we have termed in this paper as healthcare ICT SMART Impact. We believe our SMART model will provide support for the local indigenous communities, our target group in a developing economy through Telemedicine.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133423865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439402
Marco J. Haenssgen
Persistent disciplinary and methodological divides between technology diffusion and adoption studies and the study of use and engagement with technology raise obstacles to understanding the development implications of mobile technology diffusion, for example in the area of healthcare access. As quantitative assessments in the area of health and technology almost exclusively rely on binary indicators of mobile phone adoption, it is not clear whether this is indeed a reasonable proxy that does not obscure the distributional implications of mobile phone use. This paper therefore compares patterns of mobile phone adoption and utilisation using original survey data from rural India and China. "Utilisation" here is assessed through a simple yet novel multidimensional index. The paper further assesses the role of these concepts as determinants of locally emerging forms of mobile-phone-aided healthcare-seeking behavior ("health action"). The investigation uses descriptive statistical analysis and multilevel logistic regression analysis, which provide evidence in support of the claims that (a) patterns of mobile phone diffusion and utilisation are related yet incongruent, that (b) mobile phones facilitate health action in both field sites to a notable extent, and that (c) the mobile phone utilisation index is a better predictor for phone-aided health action than mobile phone adoption. In light of the superiority of the utilisation index vis-à-vis binary measures of mobile phone adoption, other researchers can apply the survey instrument and technology utilisation concept developed in this paper to support the analysis of the social implications of technology diffusion.
{"title":"Exploring the mismatch between mobile phone adoption and use through survey data from rural India and China","authors":"Marco J. Haenssgen","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439402","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent disciplinary and methodological divides between technology diffusion and adoption studies and the study of use and engagement with technology raise obstacles to understanding the development implications of mobile technology diffusion, for example in the area of healthcare access. As quantitative assessments in the area of health and technology almost exclusively rely on binary indicators of mobile phone adoption, it is not clear whether this is indeed a reasonable proxy that does not obscure the distributional implications of mobile phone use. This paper therefore compares patterns of mobile phone adoption and utilisation using original survey data from rural India and China. \"Utilisation\" here is assessed through a simple yet novel multidimensional index. The paper further assesses the role of these concepts as determinants of locally emerging forms of mobile-phone-aided healthcare-seeking behavior (\"health action\"). The investigation uses descriptive statistical analysis and multilevel logistic regression analysis, which provide evidence in support of the claims that (a) patterns of mobile phone diffusion and utilisation are related yet incongruent, that (b) mobile phones facilitate health action in both field sites to a notable extent, and that (c) the mobile phone utilisation index is a better predictor for phone-aided health action than mobile phone adoption. In light of the superiority of the utilisation index vis-à-vis binary measures of mobile phone adoption, other researchers can apply the survey instrument and technology utilisation concept developed in this paper to support the analysis of the social implications of technology diffusion.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123745552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439417
S. Frolov, E. Dmitrieva, Sara Buzadzhi
According to the Russian Public Opinion Research Center (WCIOM)i, 35% of Russian adults reported smoking in 2014, twice the amount of smokers in the United States in 2013, according to the CDC" and 385,000 people each year die from tobacco-related illnessesiii. The key focus of this paper is to share the experience and lessons learnt from the implementation of mobile tools to control and prevent tobacco use and enforce tobacco legislation in Russia. Smartphone applications and SMS programs have been widely discussed in terms of smoking cessationiv. Less attention, however, has been paid to the use of mobile communication channels to increase smoke-free public places. This paper will describe two new national initiatives: Smokefree Russia, which uses a mobile application to inform individuals and business/property owners about details of new anti-smoking legislation in Russia, as well as an interactive map providing a platform for volunteer community involvement in encouraging compliance with the legislation. This initiative is accompanied by other initiatives of the implementing organization, the Health and Development Foundation, to address smoking through mHealth tools, including an mCessation text-message program, QuitTogether. The details of these programs are provided, as well as implementation challenges and initial monitoring and evaluation data.
根据俄罗斯民意研究中心(WCIOM)的数据，2014年有35%的俄罗斯成年人吸烟，是2013年美国吸烟者数量的两倍，根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据，每年有38.5万人死于与烟草有关的疾病。本文的重点是分享在俄罗斯实施控制和预防烟草使用和执行烟草立法的移动工具的经验和教训。在戒烟方面，智能手机应用程序和短信程序已经被广泛讨论。然而，人们对利用移动通信渠道增加公共场所无烟化的关注较少。本文将介绍两项新的国家倡议:无烟俄罗斯，它使用移动应用程序向个人和企业/财产所有者告知俄罗斯新的反吸烟立法的细节，以及一个互动地图，为志愿者社区参与鼓励遵守立法提供平台。该倡议与实施组织健康与发展基金会(Health and Development Foundation)的其他倡议一道，通过移动健康工具解决吸烟问题，包括戒烟短信项目“一起戒烟”(QuitTogether)。提供了这些计划的细节，以及实施挑战和初步监测和评估数据。
{"title":"Mobile communication tools for the reduction of secondhand smoke in public places: Russian public health programs using mHealth","authors":"S. Frolov, E. Dmitrieva, Sara Buzadzhi","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439417","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Russian Public Opinion Research Center (WCIOM)i, 35% of Russian adults reported smoking in 2014, twice the amount of smokers in the United States in 2013, according to the CDC\" and 385,000 people each year die from tobacco-related illnessesiii. The key focus of this paper is to share the experience and lessons learnt from the implementation of mobile tools to control and prevent tobacco use and enforce tobacco legislation in Russia. Smartphone applications and SMS programs have been widely discussed in terms of smoking cessationiv. Less attention, however, has been paid to the use of mobile communication channels to increase smoke-free public places. This paper will describe two new national initiatives: Smokefree Russia, which uses a mobile application to inform individuals and business/property owners about details of new anti-smoking legislation in Russia, as well as an interactive map providing a platform for volunteer community involvement in encouraging compliance with the legislation. This initiative is accompanied by other initiatives of the implementing organization, the Health and Development Foundation, to address smoking through mHealth tools, including an mCessation text-message program, QuitTogether. The details of these programs are provided, as well as implementation challenges and initial monitoring and evaluation data.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123960902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439428
Wilhelm E. J. Klein
This essay employs an anthropomorphic intentional stance to describe and analyse the relationship between especially young users and (consumer) technology by treating smart phones, social networks etc. as if they are human themselves. By doing so it is intended to allow for an easier intuiting of the moral dimensions of technologies. To illustrate the point, a mock application of the PCL-R checklist standard test for psychopathy is performed on the intentional stance representation of the technologies that young users mostly carry around in their pockets, and confirmed as positive. Although there are clear limitations to this method, viewing technologies in this mode of thinking may prove useful for anyone interested in communicating the moral dimensions of technologies to the general public, and thus may contribute to the overarching struggle for ethical technology.
{"title":"Pocket psychopaths: An anthropomorphic intentional stance to facilitate moral intuitions about (Consumer) technology","authors":"Wilhelm E. J. Klein","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439428","url":null,"abstract":"This essay employs an anthropomorphic intentional stance to describe and analyse the relationship between especially young users and (consumer) technology by treating smart phones, social networks etc. as if they are human themselves. By doing so it is intended to allow for an easier intuiting of the moral dimensions of technologies. To illustrate the point, a mock application of the PCL-R checklist standard test for psychopathy is performed on the intentional stance representation of the technologies that young users mostly carry around in their pockets, and confirmed as positive. Although there are clear limitations to this method, viewing technologies in this mode of thinking may prove useful for anyone interested in communicating the moral dimensions of technologies to the general public, and thus may contribute to the overarching struggle for ethical technology.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"27 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115407401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439410
Hossein Shahrokni, Anca Solacolu
Conventional sustainable urban development practices are predominantly focused on intervention measures aimed at larger urban stakeholders, providing limited room for citizen engagement. In the emerging context of smart cities, Internet and Communication Technologies (ICT) are becoming technology-enablers of citizen participation towards sustainable urban development targets. This article highlights the opportunity of ICT-enabled citizen-empowerment, based on recent discoveries of behavioral psychology, and raises questions about the accompanying challenges. The aim of such design is to enable citizens to understand their own role in relation to wider sustainability issues, in particular to aid them in decision-making processes. This may result into a transition of increased citizen responsibility that could entail an unprecedented number of daily decisions and ethical trade-offs. To facilitate this transition, the growing stream of ethical considerations in everyday life, "real-time ethics", require a distinct interdisciplinary discussion.
{"title":"Real-time ethics — A technology enabled paradigm of everyday ethics in smart cities: Shifting sustainability responsibilities through citizen empowerment","authors":"Hossein Shahrokni, Anca Solacolu","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439410","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional sustainable urban development practices are predominantly focused on intervention measures aimed at larger urban stakeholders, providing limited room for citizen engagement. In the emerging context of smart cities, Internet and Communication Technologies (ICT) are becoming technology-enablers of citizen participation towards sustainable urban development targets. This article highlights the opportunity of ICT-enabled citizen-empowerment, based on recent discoveries of behavioral psychology, and raises questions about the accompanying challenges. The aim of such design is to enable citizens to understand their own role in relation to wider sustainability issues, in particular to aid them in decision-making processes. This may result into a transition of increased citizen responsibility that could entail an unprecedented number of daily decisions and ethical trade-offs. To facilitate this transition, the growing stream of ethical considerations in everyday life, \"real-time ethics\", require a distinct interdisciplinary discussion.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115588069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439427
O. Asinobi, Janet Allison, Martin McKinney, S. Flynn, Michaela M. Black, Adrianne Moore
Neighbourhood Renewal Areas (NRAs) are among the most deprived 10% of wards across Northern Ireland. The IM HAPPY (Improving Hopes, Aspirations, Potential & Prospects in the Youth) project seeks to raise aspirations and provide confidence to residents of two NRAs through the promotion of educational engagement and formalised attainment. As part of the initial stages of the project, four bite-sized computing modules (Multimedia Web Development, Introduction to Mobile App Development, Robotics and Effective Social Media) were delivered to classes in approved secondary schools and community centres within the NRAs. A range of teaching methods were employed to encourage the participants to engage with their learning and these methods were adapted to accommodate groups from different age ranges and with different existing computing skills. This paper reflects on the relative success of these four modules in engaging the participants and attempts to identify influencing factors on performances to help shape future policy and direction. Particular focus is given to the Robotics module and the use of LEGO Mindstorms, with additional observations highlighting differences in participant engagement using age and gender as discriminators.
{"title":"Empirical findings: The use of robotics to engage the youth from lower socio-economic areas","authors":"O. Asinobi, Janet Allison, Martin McKinney, S. Flynn, Michaela M. Black, Adrianne Moore","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439427","url":null,"abstract":"Neighbourhood Renewal Areas (NRAs) are among the most deprived 10% of wards across Northern Ireland. The IM HAPPY (Improving Hopes, Aspirations, Potential & Prospects in the Youth) project seeks to raise aspirations and provide confidence to residents of two NRAs through the promotion of educational engagement and formalised attainment. As part of the initial stages of the project, four bite-sized computing modules (Multimedia Web Development, Introduction to Mobile App Development, Robotics and Effective Social Media) were delivered to classes in approved secondary schools and community centres within the NRAs. A range of teaching methods were employed to encourage the participants to engage with their learning and these methods were adapted to accommodate groups from different age ranges and with different existing computing skills. This paper reflects on the relative success of these four modules in engaging the participants and attempts to identify influencing factors on performances to help shape future policy and direction. Particular focus is given to the Robotics module and the use of LEGO Mindstorms, with additional observations highlighting differences in participant engagement using age and gender as discriminators.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129670818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439423
F. E. Murphy, Michelle Donovan, James Cunningham, Tristan Jezequel, Enrique García, Alex Jaeger, John C. McCarthy, E. Popovici
Toys have a very important role in society. Play is a vitally part of every child's life, providing not only entertainment but also influencing the psychological, physiological and social development of a child. Throughout the years, toys have reflected every generation's advances in technology. In this paper wireless technologies, low power computing and sensing are used to expand the capabilities of existing toys. The proposed framework is a first step towards vision enabled gesture recognition, emotion assessment, as well as providing useful physiological feedback such as temperature change or allergic reactions. The toys are equipped with versatile interfaces which allow children with a wide range of disabilities to interact with them. The solution retrofits low cost toy robots with state of the art sensors (PiR, temperature, and microphone), processing capabilities, and wireless technology. A computer vision system for location and control of the toys has also been also developed. This allows one or more toys to work in conjunction with a remote camera to interact with their environment. Two deployment scenarios are presented showing the feasibility of the platform. The first deployment involves using the thermal imaging and PiR sensors to detect "Santa" and capture a thermal recording of him. The second deployment involves using a fixed camera in a room for real time tracking and control of toys. The aim is to provide a platform which can provide robot-human and robot-robot interactions using vision sensors.
{"title":"i4Toys: Video technology in toys for improved access to play, entertainment, and education","authors":"F. E. Murphy, Michelle Donovan, James Cunningham, Tristan Jezequel, Enrique García, Alex Jaeger, John C. McCarthy, E. Popovici","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439423","url":null,"abstract":"Toys have a very important role in society. Play is a vitally part of every child's life, providing not only entertainment but also influencing the psychological, physiological and social development of a child. Throughout the years, toys have reflected every generation's advances in technology. In this paper wireless technologies, low power computing and sensing are used to expand the capabilities of existing toys. The proposed framework is a first step towards vision enabled gesture recognition, emotion assessment, as well as providing useful physiological feedback such as temperature change or allergic reactions. The toys are equipped with versatile interfaces which allow children with a wide range of disabilities to interact with them. The solution retrofits low cost toy robots with state of the art sensors (PiR, temperature, and microphone), processing capabilities, and wireless technology. A computer vision system for location and control of the toys has also been also developed. This allows one or more toys to work in conjunction with a remote camera to interact with their environment. Two deployment scenarios are presented showing the feasibility of the platform. The first deployment involves using the thermal imaging and PiR sensors to detect \"Santa\" and capture a thermal recording of him. The second deployment involves using a fixed camera in a room for real time tracking and control of toys. The aim is to provide a platform which can provide robot-human and robot-robot interactions using vision sensors.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115806668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439430
A. Dearden, W. Tucker
Research in ICTD is difficult because engineers with technical expertise are separated from the challenges that they are trying to address by large physical distances and significant social differences. To overcome these challenges, much research involves occasional short visits by external researchers to developing regions to investigate problems and generate ideas which are then developed back at the engineers' home base before further return visits for deployment and evaluation. This paper highlights the ethical limitations of this `bungee research', and reflects on our experiences in evolving more fruitful research practices. We argue that relying on bungee research as a primary model of research engagement is unethical, and we suggest some minimal conditions that are necessary, but not sufficient, for such visits to be ethically defensible in ICTD research.
{"title":"The ethical limits of bungee research in ICTD","authors":"A. Dearden, W. Tucker","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439430","url":null,"abstract":"Research in ICTD is difficult because engineers with technical expertise are separated from the challenges that they are trying to address by large physical distances and significant social differences. To overcome these challenges, much research involves occasional short visits by external researchers to developing regions to investigate problems and generate ideas which are then developed back at the engineers' home base before further return visits for deployment and evaluation. This paper highlights the ethical limitations of this `bungee research', and reflects on our experiences in evolving more fruitful research practices. We argue that relying on bungee research as a primary model of research engagement is unethical, and we suggest some minimal conditions that are necessary, but not sufficient, for such visits to be ethically defensible in ICTD research.","PeriodicalId":357217,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126074037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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