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2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)最新文献

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Applying "big data" and business intelligence insights to improving clinical care for cancer 应用“大数据”和商业智能洞察改善癌症临床护理
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439399
John Lewis, S. Liaw, P. Ray
The current business intelligence capability of health information systems used in Australian health systems does not provide clinicians with sufficient actionable insights relevant to their own clinical settings. This paper explores ways to improve clinical outcomes by linking different multiple datasets held in a diverse set of clinical, research and other repositories in many different organisations. This research aims to realise this potential by identifying the most effective ways to utilise the growing amount of data generated by cancer care information systems through improved data linkage and application of big data and emerging business intelligence applications. Given the growing number and sophistication of big data in health initiatives and the insights that current big data researchers are producing, the issue of how well they are taken up and applied by clinicians becomes more important. For that reason, this paper aims to realise this potential by researching the most effective ways for clinicians to utilise the growing amount of data generated by cancer care information systems.
目前在澳大利亚卫生系统中使用的卫生信息系统的商业智能能力不能为临床医生提供与他们自己的临床环境相关的足够的可操作的见解。本文探讨了通过连接不同的临床、研究和许多不同组织的其他存储库中持有的不同的多个数据集来改善临床结果的方法。本研究旨在通过改进数据链接、大数据应用和新兴商业智能应用,确定最有效的方法来利用癌症护理信息系统产生的日益增长的数据量,从而实现这一潜力。鉴于卫生倡议中大数据的数量和复杂性不断增加,以及当前大数据研究人员正在产生的见解,临床医生如何接受和应用这些数据的问题变得更加重要。因此,本文旨在通过研究临床医生利用癌症护理信息系统产生的不断增长的数据量的最有效方法来实现这一潜力。
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引用次数: 4
FIT: Identity theft education: Study of text-based versus game-based learning FIT:身份盗窃教育:基于文本与基于游戏的学习的研究
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439437
S. Helser
Identity theft is an insidious crime that disrupts the lives of individuals and society across the globe. The focus of this paper is to present research results that examines two different methods to address identity theft education at the college level. One strategy is a traditional text-based model while the other is a new game-based approach. A comparison of the results of the study reveals that students who received information via the game-based module performed better on the post education survey than their counterparts who drew the text-based track; In addition, those who received the game-based direction remained in the educational unit longer and enjoyed the experience more.
身份盗窃是一种阴险的犯罪,扰乱了全球个人和社会的生活。本文的重点是目前的研究结果,检查两种不同的方法来解决身份盗窃教育在大学水平。一种策略是传统的基于文本的模式,而另一种是基于游戏的新方法。研究结果的对比显示,通过基于游戏的模块获得信息的学生在教育后调查中的表现优于绘制基于文本的轨道的学生;此外,那些接受以游戏为基础的指导的人在教育单位待的时间更长,也更享受这种体验。
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引用次数: 4
Agricultural information delivery mechanism using ICT: A case study from Kerala, India 利用ICT的农业信息传递机制:以印度喀拉拉邦为例
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439413
Shely Koshy, S. Husain, Kishore Kumar
Kisan Call Centre is a service by Government of India aimed at providing agriculture related information to the farming community through a toll free number, 1800-180-1551. The Call Center's objective is to address the need of the farming community, using ICT, professional help and thus providing information at the farmer's doorstep, through this toll free telephone number. The study was conducted to assess the awareness of farmers about Kisan Call Centre, to analyze the extent of utilization, and to elicit constraints experienced by the farmers in using the services of the Centre. The study revealed that only 14% of the farmers were aware of the Kisan Call Centre. Among the users (farmers) of the Centre, 73 per cent came to know about the Call Centre through different media such as newspaper (30%), radio (23%) and television (20%), while 23 per cent knew about the services of the Centre through the local agricultural extension worker. Ninety per cent of the farmers used the Call Center service more than once, with 30 per cent of them four times or more. Most of the farmers contacted the Centre to get information on plant protection (34.44%) followed by crop cultivation (26.67%). Majority of the farmers who used the Call Centre were satisfied with the service. However, the farmers experienced problems in getting connected to the Call Centre. The farmers demanded for alternate solutions as well as for field service following the advisory services.
Kisan呼叫中心是印度政府提供的一项服务,旨在通过免费电话1800-180-1551向农业社区提供与农业有关的信息。呼叫中心的目标是通过这个免费电话号码,利用信息通信技术和专业帮助,满足农业社区的需求,从而在农民家门口提供信息。进行这项研究是为了评估农民对Kisan呼叫中心的认识,分析利用的程度,并找出农民在使用该中心服务时遇到的限制。研究显示,只有14%的农民知道Kisan呼叫中心。在该中心的使用者(农民)中,73%透过报纸(30%)、电台(23%)及电视(20%)等不同媒体了解该中心,而23%则透过本地农业推广人员了解该中心的服务。90%的农民使用呼叫中心服务不止一次,30%的农民使用呼叫中心服务4次或更多。与中心联系最多的是植保信息(34.44%),其次是作物种植信息(26.67%)。大多数使用呼叫中心的农民对服务感到满意。然而,农民在连接呼叫中心时遇到了问题。农民要求提供替代解决方案以及咨询服务之后的现场服务。
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引用次数: 5
Forming an ethical paradigm for morally sentient robots: Sentience is not necessary for evil 为有道德感知力的机器人形成一个伦理范式:对邪恶来说,有感知力是不必要的
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439420
Grant Tucker
As society teeters on the verge of robotic automatons performing complex functions in every aspect of human existence, urgent questions arise concerning human accountability for ethics as they design robots capable of making moral decisions. The aim of this study considers a path toward an ethical paradigm for morally sentient robots. In order to determine the extent of human accountability, an ethical spectrum of robots is discussed. While seeking to define functional good in a robotic setting, the nature and degree of robotic sentience is explored. Subsequently, the divergent positions regarding an ethical paradigm for morally sentient robots must be examined. Following these experts' opinions, an analysis of a human/dog model for human/robot relations is explained. The constructs that frame the human/robot dynamic include Asimov's Laws, as well as necessary design considerations. An ethical paradigm results from a study of Plato's Republic through which emerges a means to find good for robots in a functional setting.
随着社会摇摇欲坠,机器人在人类生存的各个方面都发挥着复杂的功能,当人们设计能够做出道德决定的机器人时,关于人类对道德的责任的紧迫问题就出现了。本研究的目的是考虑一条通往道德感知机器人的伦理范式的道路。为了确定人类责任的程度,讨论了机器人的伦理光谱。在试图定义机器人设置中的功能良好时,探索了机器人感知的性质和程度。随后,关于道德感知机器人的伦理范式的分歧立场必须加以审查。根据这些专家的意见,对人与机器人关系的人/狗模型进行了分析。构建人/机器人动态包括阿西莫夫定律,以及必要的设计考虑。对柏拉图理想国的研究产生了一种伦理范式,通过这种范式出现了一种在功能设置中为机器人找到好处的方法。
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引用次数: 0
mAgriculture among pastoralist communities: A case of livestock farmers in kenyan arid and semi-arid lands 畜牧社区的农业:肯尼亚干旱和半干旱地区畜牧农民的案例
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439401
A. Gichamba, P. Wagacha, D. Orwa
The pastoralist communities in Kenya and other parts of Africa rely on their livestock for survival. Their method of livestock farming is non-modern and is characterized by traditional livestock keeping practices and non-adherence to livestock rearing best practices. However, they have not been left behind in embracing mobile technology. The technologies in their disposal present opportunities that can be harnessed to increase productivity. For instance, the moderately high penetration of mobile phones among these communities provide a platform for mAgriculture interventions. This research aims to establish the readiness of pastoralists in Kenya, towards the usage of mAgriculture technologies that have the potential to transform their way of livestock keeping. The research explores the technologies available to the pastoralist communities living in three different Arid and Semi-Arid areas of Kenya, the level of exposure to mAgriculture platforms among these communities and how social, cultural and religious factors determine their adoption of mAgriculture innovations towards socioeconomic empowerment. The research was conducted in Marsabit, Wajir and Isiolo regions of Kenya. Information was collected using questionnaires as well as Focus Group Discussions among the participants. It was observed that a large number of pastoralists in Kenya own mobile phones, and a number of them have been exposed to mAgriculture applications. However, the mAgriculture innovations exposed to them have not been helpful due to social, cultural, religious and technological factors have hampered their penetration. The research identified the needs among these communities that can be met using mAgriculture platforms and proposes different ways of implementing these innovations among this group of people.
肯尼亚和非洲其他地区的牧民依靠他们的牲畜生存。他们的牲畜饲养方法是非现代的,其特点是传统的牲畜饲养方法和不遵守牲畜饲养最佳做法。然而,他们在拥抱移动技术方面并没有落后。他们所掌握的技术提供了可以用来提高生产力的机会。例如,在这些社区中,移动电话的中等高普及率为农业干预提供了一个平台。这项研究的目的是确定肯尼亚牧民对使用有可能改变其牲畜饲养方式的农业技术的准备程度。该研究探讨了生活在肯尼亚三个不同干旱和半干旱地区的牧民社区可用的技术,这些社区对农业平台的接触程度,以及社会、文化和宗教因素如何决定他们采用农业创新来实现社会经济赋权。这项研究是在肯尼亚的Marsabit、Wajir和Isiolo地区进行的。通过问卷调查和参与者的焦点小组讨论收集信息。据观察,肯尼亚有大量牧民拥有移动电话,其中一些人已经接触到农业应用。然而,由于社会、文化、宗教和技术因素阻碍了他们的渗透,他们所接触的农业创新并没有帮助。该研究确定了这些社区的需求,这些需求可以通过“农业”平台得到满足,并提出了在这一群体中实施这些创新的不同方法。
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引用次数: 1
ICT interventions for socio-economic development — A practitioner's view ICT对社会经济发展的干预-一个实践者的观点
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439444
A. Veldsman, D. Greunen
Interventions that focus on the socio-economic development of communities and the research associated with it, are costing governments, research initiatives, donor communities to name but a few, billions in terms of time, effort and money. It is easy to find research literature and practical examples of the countless initiatives that have failed and less that have succeeded. Different approaches have been followed and different roads have been taken, with little success. The question remains why so many initiatives fail and so little succeed? What has been done differently? What indicates `failure' and what indicates `success'... and for whom? This paper focuses on the human side of technology interventions and how these are to be approached in low-income communities.
以社区的社会经济发展和与之相关的研究为重点的干预措施,在时间、精力和金钱方面花费了政府、研究计划和捐助团体数十亿美元,仅举几例。很容易找到研究文献和实际例子,说明无数的倡议失败了,而成功的却很少。人们采用了不同的方法,走了不同的道路,但收效甚微。问题仍然是,为什么这么多的倡议失败了,而成功的却很少?做了哪些不同的事情?什么是“失败”,什么是“成功”……为谁呢?本文的重点是技术干预的人的一面,以及如何在低收入社区处理这些问题。
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引用次数: 4
Towards uniformity for smart glasses devices: An assessment of function as the driver for standardisation 迈向智能眼镜设备的统一性:作为标准化驱动的功能评估
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439424
Stuart Elder, A. Vakaloudis
Smart glasses come as an autonomous, wearable device that will diminish the gap between intention and action. Being a new technology, there are a plethora of diverse devices under development. We investigate them in order to discover elements of uniform characteristics under a two-fold reasoning. First examine the technical attributes that will facilitate professional usage into specific application domains. Second in a societal context detect the issues that will drive their adoption for consumer purposes. Our conclusion is that although there is a nucleus of common features being formed, further evidence of usability in the professional domains and overcoming societal issues is needed prior to their adoption for consumer applications.
智能眼镜是一种自主的可穿戴设备,它将缩小意图和行动之间的差距。作为一项新技术,有大量不同的设备正在开发中。我们研究它们是为了在双重推理下发现具有一致特征的元素。首先检查有助于在特定应用程序领域中进行专业使用的技术属性。其次,在社会背景下,检测将推动消费者采用它们的问题。我们的结论是,尽管已经形成了共同特征的核心,但在将其应用于消费者应用之前,还需要进一步证明其在专业领域的可用性和克服社会问题。
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引用次数: 13
UCWW semantic-based service recommendation framework UCWW基于语义的服务推荐框架
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439435
H. Zhang, Nikola S. Nikolov, Ivan Ganchev
Context-aware recommendation systems make recommendations by adapting to user's specific situation, and thus by exploring both the user preferences and the environment. In this paper, we propose a context-aware service recommendation framework utilising semantic knowledge in the Ubiquitous Consumer Wireless World (UCWW). The main objective of the framework is to provide users with the `best' service instances that match their dynamic, contextualised and personalised requirements and expectations, thereby aligning to the always best connected and best served (ABC&S) paradigm. In the proposed framework, services and their related attributes are modeled dynamically as a heterogeneous network, based on a given network schema. Then, profile kernels - referring to the minimal set of features describing the user preferences - are extracted to model the user profiles. Subsequently, a recommendation engine, considering both the user profiles and current context, is applied to recommend `best' service instances to users.
上下文感知推荐系统通过适应用户的特定情况,从而通过探索用户偏好和环境来进行推荐。在本文中,我们提出了一个上下文感知的服务推荐框架,利用无处不在的消费者无线世界(UCWW)中的语义知识。该框架的主要目标是为用户提供符合其动态、情境化和个性化需求和期望的“最佳”服务实例,从而与始终保持最佳连接和最佳服务(ABC&S)范式保持一致。在提出的框架中,服务及其相关属性基于给定的网络模式动态建模为异构网络。然后,提取概要核——引用描述用户偏好的最小特征集——来对用户概要建模。随后,考虑到用户配置文件和当前上下文,应用推荐引擎向用户推荐“最佳”服务实例。
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引用次数: 2
Improving knowledge worker efficiency 提高知识工作者的工作效率
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439409
F. Gleeson, Vincent Hargaden
This paper synthesises cognitive engineering and productivity improvement literature to develop a new task based framework for problem solving in complex work environments. We represent decision making as a process flow where cognitive capacity represents the process constraint. We propose efficiency principles that can extend scientific management to knowledge work.
本文综合了认知工程和生产力改进方面的文献,开发了一个新的基于任务的框架,用于复杂工作环境下的问题解决。我们将决策表示为一个过程流,其中认知能力表示过程约束。提出了将科学管理推广到知识工作的效率原则。
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引用次数: 1
A practise-based theory of SEIDET smart community centre model 基于实践的SEIDET智慧社区中心模型理论
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2015.7439411
J. Phahlamohlaka, Z. Dlamini, L. Malinga, Sipho Ngobeni, T. Mnisi
South African communities are constantly being developed through new ICT projects and technologies which are initiated by individuals, government and private organisations. The problem with these developments is that they are implemented in isolation. This isolation causes limited sharing of resources, duplication, poor-governance of the resources, and in worse-case scenarios, failure of these projects is realised before their intended purposes. The smart community centre model that could be used to address these problems by focusing on the Siyabuswa Educational Improvement and Development Trust (SEIDET) community centre for experimentation purposes has been proposed. This model followed a descriptive analysis of ICT related work spanning over two decades performed within the SEIDET context, including the ongoing SEIDET Digital Village. The benefits of this smart community centre model include community and rural development through sharing of scarce ICT resources. It could further provide support for entrepreneurs through training interventions, action-based research for policy development as well as spawn local innovation and free-sharing of resources and services. This model can further be adapted to any local community, as it is designed using the international studies and theories. This paper presents the design of the smart community centre model. The design is described using Practice Theory concepts towards an empirical study that will be conducted using the General Morphological Analysis methods to corroborate aspects of practices. The scenario of how these theories could be practiced within the SEIDET centre is also presented.
通过个人、政府和私人组织发起的新的ICT项目和技术,南非社区不断得到发展。这些开发的问题在于它们是孤立地实现的。这种隔离导致资源共享受限、重复、资源管理不善,在最坏的情况下,这些项目在达到预期目的之前就失败了。智能社区中心模式可以通过将重点放在Siyabuswa教育改进和发展信托(SEIDET)社区中心进行实验来解决这些问题。该模型是在对SEIDET 20多年来开展的ICT相关工作(包括正在进行的SEIDET数字村)进行描述性分析之后建立的。这种智慧社区中心模式的好处包括通过共享稀缺的信息通信技术资源促进社区和农村发展。它还可以通过培训干预、以行动为基础的政策制定研究以及促进地方创新和自由分享资源和服务,进一步向企业家提供支助。这种模式可以进一步适用于任何地方社区,因为它是利用国际研究和理论设计的。本文介绍了智慧社区中心模型的设计。该设计使用实践理论概念进行实证研究,该研究将使用一般形态分析方法来证实实践的各个方面。还提出了如何在SEIDET中心内实践这些理论的设想。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)
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