Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry最新文献

Background: Effective communication with children can improve their understanding and aid in complying with oral hygiene instructions.

Aim: The aim is to compare the retentiveness of oral hygiene instructions in children educated using three communication techniques.

Methodology: One hundred and twenty children in the age range of 12-13 years were included in the study. Baseline awareness of oral hygiene maintenance was assessed using a questionnaire. Twenty children were randomly assigned to each group: Tell-Tell-Tell, Ask-Tell-Ask, Teach-back, and information provided. Knowledge was reassessed after a week; data were tabulated and assessed statistically.

Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline data among the groups (P > 0.05). Regardless of the group, there was an improvement in knowledge regarding the frequency and timing of brushing as well as the cause of dental caries after the intervention. However, children in Ask-Tell-Ask and Teach back showed significant improvement over Tell-Tell-Tell (P ≤ 0.01).

Conclusion: Communication strategies, such as Ask-Tell-Ask and Teach back, which have a strategy to involve children, have been shown to be superior over Tell-Tell-Tell.

Background: Caries risk assessment and management from the cornerstone for successfully applying a minimum intervention dentistry philosophy in managing dental caries. Most applied work on caries prevention acknowledges the role of oral hygiene and dietary control strategies in reducing the prevalence and incidence of caries. What we need to address, however, is the necessity of initiating and sustaining behaviors that will ensure the implementation of strategies, that is "patient compliance."

Aims and objectives: To present a novel method to monitor oral health-care behavior on a day-to-day basis and guide the parent-child team to set self-help goals. In addition, sustain them over time until the oral environment has positively changed and improved in caries risk status.

Methodology: A mobile-based application and digital ecosystem have been developed to record daily data, motivate the user and present it as monthly and periodic graphic output. This supplements other caries risk assessment methods employed in recall follow-up to understand the changing oral environment.

Results and conclusion: Pilot trial results are promising and our mobile-based application seems to be definite adjuvant in improving and monitoring patient compliance.

Background: Fluoridated dentifrices have been used for the prevention of dental caries since ages. However, to avoid the risk of fluorosis, the use of newer nonfluoridated options in dentifrices has shown a great interest in reducing Streptococcus mutans (SM) in early childhood caries (ECC).

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of active oxygen (AO)-based dentifrice with amine fluoride (AF)-, sodium monofluorophosphate (SMP)-, herbal (HB)-, and tricalcium phosphate (TCP)-based dentifrices on SM count in children with ECC.

Materials and methods: Two hundred and fifty children aged 3-6 years with def ≥4 were selected and randomly divided into five groups of 50 each, based on the type of dentifrices used; Group I: AO-based, Group II: TCP, Group III: SMP, Group IV: AF, and Group V: HB dentifrice, and were asked to brush twice daily for 15 days. The saliva samples were collected at baseline, and after 15 days, cultured for SM colonies count.

Results: Difference in colony-forming units (CFU)/ml between baseline and 15 days was highly significant in all the five groups (P < 0.001). Significant difference was observed in SM count after 15 days between Groups I and IV (P = 0.017), while nonsignificant differences were seen when compared with Groups II, III, and V (P = 0.975, 0.137, and 0.992).

Conclusions: All the dentifrices were efficacious in reducing SM count in children with ECC. Although AO dentifrice showed superior results when compared to SMP, TCP, and HB, it did not prove to be superior to AF.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the sleep practices of children and their association with early childhood caries (ECC) at three different age periods.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the sleep practices, feeding practices, and oral hygiene practices of children during nighttime from 0 to 2 years of age. A survey among 550 mothers of children aged 3-4 years with ECC (n = 275) and without ECC (n = 275) was conducted using a pretested and validated questionnaire. The three practices (sleep practices, feeding practices, and oral hygiene practices) of children at 0-3 months, 4-11 months, and 1-2 years of age were recorded and analyzed.

Results: Risk factors associated with ECC at 0-3 months of age were gender (odds ratio [OR]: 0.59, 0.36-0.98), no previous dental visit (OR: 2.30, 1.15-4.59), bedtime (OR: 3.54, 2.01-6.25), and intentional feeding practice at night (OR: 1.83, 1.0-3.35). At 4-11 months of age, no previous dental visit (OR: 3.28, 1.66-6.49), mother's education (OR: 0.42, 0.23-0.76), frequent night wakes (OR: 5.98, 1.89-19.21), and intentional feeding practice at night (OR: 111.09, 32.25-382.68) and, at 1-2 years of age, no previous dental visit (OR: 2.37, 1.45-3.88), intentional feeding practice at night (OR: 19.12, 9.09-40.21), and breastfeeding for more than 2 years (OR: 14.56, 7.17-29.56) were associated with ECC.

Conclusion: Lack of previous dental visit and intentional feeding at night were the common risk factors associated with ECC in children.

White spot lesions (WSLs) are sites of enamel surface and subsurface demineralization that increases tissue porosity and affects the teeth appearance. The resin infiltration technique proved to be a valid alternative to arrest caries lesion progression and to masking a color change in noncavitated WSLs. Thus, this study aims to report a clinical case of anterior WSLs treated with resin infiltration technique with an 8-year follow-up. The resin infiltration protocol was performed in an 18-year-old female patient presenting WSLs on the maxillary right lateral incisor, left central incisor, and left canine. The protocol followed the manufacturer's recommendations. The patient reported satisfaction with the smile appearance, at the end of the appointment. Infiltrated areas remained unchanged after an 8-year follow-up, showing an acceptable result for the patient's esthetic desires. After 8 years of evaluation, the resin infiltration technique proved to be a resistant and reliable alternative in preventing caries progression and in color masking WSLs.

Background: Microorganisms are the main cause of pulpal and periapical diseases. Hence, the elimination of such potential microbes is achieved by endodontic treatment. Mechanical preparation is the main mechanism to reduce the bacterial load in canals which is enhanced by intracanal irrigants. Despite these procedures, some bacteria might persist within the canals. It is important to disinfect the pulp space and dentinal tubules thoroughly with an effective endodontic irrigant to prevent reinfection of a treated root canal.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of nanosilver (NS) Solution, Azadirachta indica, sodium hypochlorite, and normal saline when used as irrigants in infected root canals of primary teeth.

Settings and design: The study was a prospective randomized control trial which was conducted as per the consort statement.

Materials and methods: Eighty pulpally involved primary teeth requiring endodontic treatment of children aged 5-12 years were selected for this study. The subjects were randomly allocated to 4 groups (3 irrigant and control groups) consisting of 20 children each where Group I = NS solution, Group II = A. indica, Group III = Sodium hypochlorite (2.5%), and Group IV = Control group. Microbiological samples were collected at the baseline (before irrigation) and postirrigation after biomechanical preparation using the selected irrigant. The samples were subjected to an anaerobic bacterial culture test. Microbial colonies were identified and expressed as colony forming units per milliliter.

Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, Paired t-test, and Post hoc Bonferroni test.

Results: NS solution showed the highest mean of 4.384 × 10³ ± 1.019 followed by Sodium hypochlorite with a mean of 3.500 × 10³ ± 1.193 and A. indica of 2.590 × 10³ ± 0.778.

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, NS solution can be used as an alternative to other root canal irrigating solutions in primary teeth.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs), parents generally lack awareness about dental trauma emergency management. This preliminary study's goal was to assess parents'/guardians' awareness of the treatment of tooth fractures/avulsion.

Materials and methods: A preformed questionnaire in e-format was sent to parents of school-going children. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Shapiro-Wilks's test were employed to test the normality of data. In addition, a Chi-square test was performed for quantitative variables. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A response rate of 82.1% was achieved. Approximately 19.6% of parents reported dental injuries, with the majority (51.9%) occurring at home. In avulsion, 54.8% of parents believed that reinserting the tooth back into the socket was possible. For tooth fractures, 36.2% of parents believed that the fractured tooth could be glued. Tap water was preferred as a storage medium (43.3%). An insignificant association was observed with regard to storage media (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Inadequate understanding of the treatment of TDI by the primary caregiver leads to ineffective interventions at the scene of the accident and a poor prognosis for otherwise treatable cases.

Background: Emojis are used to communicate emotional content as conversational indicators. Emojis of human faces are unrivaled in communication since they can discern between several basic emotions with great precision while also being universal.

Aim: Assessment of children's emotions before, during, and after the dental treatment procedure: An emoji-based study.

Materials and methods: A total of 85 children, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years, were separated into four groups. Group 1 required local anesthetic for restoration, while Group 2 required extraction. Pulp treatment was in Group 3 and oral prophylaxis was in Group 4. All groups used an animated emoji scale (AES) to quantify anxiety before, during, and after the dental treatment procedure.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference when the mean scores of the four treatment groups were compared before, during, and after the procedure. When Group 2 was compared to Groups 1, 3, and 4 there was a statistically significant difference in the anxiety of the research participant before, during, and after the procedures (P = 0.01). Groups 2, 3, and 4 were statistically significant after the treatment procedure (P = 0.01).

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the AES can be a useful tool in tracking a patient's emotions during the dental treatment procedure to initiate appropriate behavior management.

Background: To overcome some of the disadvantages of the current primary root canal obturating materials, there is a continued interest in search for chemical compounds with broader and more effective antibacterial action and less cytotoxicity.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare in vivo the clinical and radiographic success of mixtures of zinc oxide-Ocimum sanctum extract, zinc oxide-ozonated oil, and zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) as obturating materials in pulpectomy of primary molars.

Settings and design: This was an in vivo randomized controlled clinical trial.

Materials and methods: Ninety primary molars selected were randomly divided into three groups. Group A was obturated with zinc oxide-O. sanctum extract, Group B with zinc oxide-ozonated oil, and Group C with ZOE. All the groups were evaluated for success or failure based on clinical and radiographic criteria at the end of 1, 6, and 12 months.

Statistical analysis used: The intra- and inter-examiner reliability of the first and the second co-investigators was calculated by Cohen's kappa statistic. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test, P ≤ 0.05 (indicates statistical significance).

Results: By the end of 12 months, the overall clinical success rate was 88%, 95.7%, and 90.9% in Groups A, B, and C, respectively; whereas the radiographic success rate was found to be 80%, 91.3%, and 86.4% in Groups A, B, and C, respectively.

Conclusion: On the basis of the overall success rates of all the three obturating materials, the following order of performance can be concluded: zinc oxide-ozonated oil > ZOE > zinc oxide-O. sanctum extract.