Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088804
M. Suhairil Meon, H. Husain, M. F. Othman, M. Remeli, M. S. Mohd Syawal
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of variation of the tube length and the crosshead velocity on the amount of energy absorption of aluminium tubes (Al 6061) towards the inversion collapsed mode. The tests were performed on the Aluminium tubes using compression test apparatus according to ASTM E8 standard procedures. Two parameters that are included in the experiment were the crosshead velocity and tube length. The collected experimental data were organized and analysis of energy absorption was performed. Comparison was made to the values of energy absorption obtained from the experiments, and it was found that the energy absorbed by the Aluminium tube was increased by increasing the tube length as well as crosshead velocity.
{"title":"The effect of cross-head velocity and length of tube on energy absorption of aluminium tube","authors":"M. Suhairil Meon, H. Husain, M. F. Othman, M. Remeli, M. S. Mohd Syawal","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088804","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of variation of the tube length and the crosshead velocity on the amount of energy absorption of aluminium tubes (Al 6061) towards the inversion collapsed mode. The tests were performed on the Aluminium tubes using compression test apparatus according to ASTM E8 standard procedures. Two parameters that are included in the experiment were the crosshead velocity and tube length. The collected experimental data were organized and analysis of energy absorption was performed. Comparison was made to the values of energy absorption obtained from the experiments, and it was found that the energy absorbed by the Aluminium tube was increased by increasing the tube length as well as crosshead velocity.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121533608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088855
N. H. Idris, Z. Ismail
Since the construction industry has great impact on the environment, the consideration of sustainable development through sustainable construction is needed. Sustainable construction provides solutions that require optimization of all types of beneficial environmental impact. Therefore, sustainable construction is important in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into consideration the environment, economic and social issues. This paper is a review of sustainable practices in construction industry. This research proposed a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research to develop a framework policy for sustainable construction in Malaysia. This framework will include new strategies and guidelines that can be used as criteria to benchmark the gaps in process and strategies for sustainable construction industry in order to capture good practices in terms of minimizing environmental impacts and improving Malaysian readiness towards the sustainable issues.
{"title":"Framework policy for sustainable construction in Malaysia","authors":"N. H. Idris, Z. Ismail","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088855","url":null,"abstract":"Since the construction industry has great impact on the environment, the consideration of sustainable development through sustainable construction is needed. Sustainable construction provides solutions that require optimization of all types of beneficial environmental impact. Therefore, sustainable construction is important in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into consideration the environment, economic and social issues. This paper is a review of sustainable practices in construction industry. This research proposed a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research to develop a framework policy for sustainable construction in Malaysia. This framework will include new strategies and guidelines that can be used as criteria to benchmark the gaps in process and strategies for sustainable construction industry in order to capture good practices in terms of minimizing environmental impacts and improving Malaysian readiness towards the sustainable issues.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124804049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088789
Shamshimah Samsuddin, Fauziah Hanim Tafri, Abd. Halim Mohd. Nawawi, N. A. Aziz
The purpose of this paper is to measure the default probability of Malaysian companies which have issued Sukuk for the period 2001 to 2010 by using Merton's Model. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method has been used in the computation of the unavailable parameters of the Merton's Model which are the market value of the company's asset, the volatility and the asset expected return. Findings show that Sukuk with high default risk earns higher returns than Sukuk with low default risk. The rating of the Sukuk supports the result of the default probability whereby most of the Sukuk with high probability of default were rated low. This study finds the default probability measured from Merton's Model can explain the credit ratings of the Sukuk. Ordered probit model has been used to examine the effectiveness of the market based model in explaining credit ratings as compared to the accounting based model. By incorporating Merton's default probability model with two other related default risk factors (issuer size and book-to-market ratio), the model is found to have outperformed accounting-based model in explaining Sukuk credit ratings.
{"title":"Measuring the default risk of Sukuk holders for shariah compliance companies in Malaysia: Using Merton's model with maximum likelihood estimator","authors":"Shamshimah Samsuddin, Fauziah Hanim Tafri, Abd. Halim Mohd. Nawawi, N. A. Aziz","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088789","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to measure the default probability of Malaysian companies which have issued Sukuk for the period 2001 to 2010 by using Merton's Model. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method has been used in the computation of the unavailable parameters of the Merton's Model which are the market value of the company's asset, the volatility and the asset expected return. Findings show that Sukuk with high default risk earns higher returns than Sukuk with low default risk. The rating of the Sukuk supports the result of the default probability whereby most of the Sukuk with high probability of default were rated low. This study finds the default probability measured from Merton's Model can explain the credit ratings of the Sukuk. Ordered probit model has been used to examine the effectiveness of the market based model in explaining credit ratings as compared to the accounting based model. By incorporating Merton's default probability model with two other related default risk factors (issuer size and book-to-market ratio), the model is found to have outperformed accounting-based model in explaining Sukuk credit ratings.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124593540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088839
Fadilah Puteh, S. S. Sheikh, Muhammad Adib Bin Ishak, Muhammad Anwar
As a rapid developing country, many Malaysian citizens are currently living in the fast paced of life. This way of life has developed a trend of eating out in various restaurants and food stalls due to lack of time for food preparations. This trend has contributed to the booming of the food serving industry businesses and has created mass vacancies for employment. However, these employment vacancies are occupied by foreign workers. This paper is intends to (1) examine the relationship between contributing factors with employers dependency towards foreign workers and lastly (2) analyze the effects of contributing factors towards employers dependency on foreign workers. There are four variables used in this research namely government laws and regulations, attitudes of workers, availability of local workers and wages and incentive. Here, this study is applying correlation and regression to analyze the data. The findings show that all variables are associated with employers' dependency towards foreign workers. Lack of law and regulation enforcement is the most significant predictor that influences employers' dependencies towards foreign workers.
{"title":"Employers dependency on foreign workers in Malaysia food service industry: A preliminary study","authors":"Fadilah Puteh, S. S. Sheikh, Muhammad Adib Bin Ishak, Muhammad Anwar","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088839","url":null,"abstract":"As a rapid developing country, many Malaysian citizens are currently living in the fast paced of life. This way of life has developed a trend of eating out in various restaurants and food stalls due to lack of time for food preparations. This trend has contributed to the booming of the food serving industry businesses and has created mass vacancies for employment. However, these employment vacancies are occupied by foreign workers. This paper is intends to (1) examine the relationship between contributing factors with employers dependency towards foreign workers and lastly (2) analyze the effects of contributing factors towards employers dependency on foreign workers. There are four variables used in this research namely government laws and regulations, attitudes of workers, availability of local workers and wages and incentive. Here, this study is applying correlation and regression to analyze the data. The findings show that all variables are associated with employers' dependency towards foreign workers. Lack of law and regulation enforcement is the most significant predictor that influences employers' dependencies towards foreign workers.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122011908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088827
Shahab Kariminia, S. Ahmad, M. Omar, N. Ibrahim
Thermal condition is a decisive factor which impacts the use of outdoor spaces. Concerns on outdoor thermal conditions are on the rise judging by the growing number of research on the subject. However empirical research in the context of urban outdoor in moderate and dry climate is still limited. Predicting thermal comfort of outdoor spaces in a particular setting is essential to ensure continuous return of visitors and users. This paper aims to establish the thermal acceptable temperature range applicable for an urban context in temperate and dry climate zone based on the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) index. Two fieldwork experiments were conducted through environmental measurements and questionnaire survey performed in winter of 2009 and summer of 2010 at a public square in Esfahan, Iran. These data were used for the thermal comfort assessment, supported by the RayMan model for the calculation of the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) and PET. The study established the acceptable thermal comfort range to be between 12.3 and 30.9 deg C which is relatively wider then past studies.
{"title":"Urban outdoor thermal comfort prediction for public square in moderate and dry climate","authors":"Shahab Kariminia, S. Ahmad, M. Omar, N. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088827","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal condition is a decisive factor which impacts the use of outdoor spaces. Concerns on outdoor thermal conditions are on the rise judging by the growing number of research on the subject. However empirical research in the context of urban outdoor in moderate and dry climate is still limited. Predicting thermal comfort of outdoor spaces in a particular setting is essential to ensure continuous return of visitors and users. This paper aims to establish the thermal acceptable temperature range applicable for an urban context in temperate and dry climate zone based on the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) index. Two fieldwork experiments were conducted through environmental measurements and questionnaire survey performed in winter of 2009 and summer of 2010 at a public square in Esfahan, Iran. These data were used for the thermal comfort assessment, supported by the RayMan model for the calculation of the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) and PET. The study established the acceptable thermal comfort range to be between 12.3 and 30.9 deg C which is relatively wider then past studies.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130663553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088860
F. Darabi, A. Shooshtari, E. Babaei, S. Darabi
The problem of location of protective devices is important in distribution networks so the various methods were considered for installation of fuse, recloser, disconnecting switch and breaker. In these methods, a set of protection, economic and reliability aspects are considered. Because of various goals, the optimal approach from some intelligent methods such as genetic algorithm does not get the best approach. At this condition, using mathematic methods is reasonable because they satisfy the best and the optimal approach. Binary programming method is one of these mathematic optimization methods that its speed is high. The problem of location of protective devices is naturally binary in distribution networks. This specification causes using binary programming method for optimal location of protective devices. In this analysis, the binary programming method is implemented for optimal location of protective devices installation in distribution networks. The optimization objective function includes the switching procedure cost and protective devices lifetime cost. Furthermore, the SAIFI and SAIDI analyses beside optimal approaches are calculated. The programmer with reliability consideration easily can choose the optimal possible approach. The proposed method make easy to obtain the best approach with protection consideration and etc. To analyze proposed method, a test network is considered. At a distribution network, the breaker is located in the beginning of the network so the simulation result can be extended to obtain the optimal location for recloser, fuse and disconnecting switch. The proposed method is obtained from Visual Studio C# .NET software.
配电网中保护装置的位置问题十分重要，因此对熔断器、重合闸、断开开关和断路器的安装方法进行了多种考虑。在这些方法中，综合考虑了保护、经济和可靠性三个方面。由于目标的不同，一些智能方法如遗传算法的最优解不能得到最优解。在这种情况下，使用数学方法是合理的，因为它们满足最优和最优方法。二进制规划法是其中一种速度较快的数学优化方法。配电网中保护装置的定位问题自然是一个二元问题。本规范规定使用二进制编程方法对保护装置进行最佳定位。在分析中，采用二进制规划方法求解配电网保护装置的最优安装位置。优化目标函数包括切换过程成本和保护装置寿命成本。此外，还计算了最优方法之外的SAIFI和SAIDI分析。考虑可靠性的程序员可以很容易地选择最优的可能方法。该方法便于在考虑保护等因素的情况下获得最佳方法。为了分析所提出的方法，我们考虑了一个测试网络。在配电网中，断路器位于网络的起始位置，因此可以扩展仿真结果以获得重合闸、熔断器和断开开关的最优位置。所提出的方法是在Visual Studio c# . net软件中实现的。
{"title":"Reliability cost allocation of protective devices using binary programming","authors":"F. Darabi, A. Shooshtari, E. Babaei, S. Darabi","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088860","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of location of protective devices is important in distribution networks so the various methods were considered for installation of fuse, recloser, disconnecting switch and breaker. In these methods, a set of protection, economic and reliability aspects are considered. Because of various goals, the optimal approach from some intelligent methods such as genetic algorithm does not get the best approach. At this condition, using mathematic methods is reasonable because they satisfy the best and the optimal approach. Binary programming method is one of these mathematic optimization methods that its speed is high. The problem of location of protective devices is naturally binary in distribution networks. This specification causes using binary programming method for optimal location of protective devices. In this analysis, the binary programming method is implemented for optimal location of protective devices installation in distribution networks. The optimization objective function includes the switching procedure cost and protective devices lifetime cost. Furthermore, the SAIFI and SAIDI analyses beside optimal approaches are calculated. The programmer with reliability consideration easily can choose the optimal possible approach. The proposed method make easy to obtain the best approach with protection consideration and etc. To analyze proposed method, a test network is considered. At a distribution network, the breaker is located in the beginning of the network so the simulation result can be extended to obtain the optimal location for recloser, fuse and disconnecting switch. The proposed method is obtained from Visual Studio C# .NET software.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129620081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088811
A.W. Fatimatuzahraa, B. Farahaina, W. Yusoff
Rapid prototyping (RP) fulfills the current need in manufacturing industry to shorten the design cycle while improving its quality. Since there are various methods of RP process, this study focuses on the mechanical properties and microstructure of fused deposition modeling (FDM) RP specimens between two types of raster orientation which are cross (0°/90°) and crisscross (45°/−45°).The method of investigation in order to compare the result is done by doing several tests. The tests conducted throughout the research are; tensile, bending, impact and deflection test. The material used is Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS): a terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. The findings from this research are used to evaluate which parameters give the best result and performance besides improving the quality of a design for better product development.
{"title":"The effect of employing different raster orientations on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Fused Deposition Modeling parts","authors":"A.W. Fatimatuzahraa, B. Farahaina, W. Yusoff","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088811","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid prototyping (RP) fulfills the current need in manufacturing industry to shorten the design cycle while improving its quality. Since there are various methods of RP process, this study focuses on the mechanical properties and microstructure of fused deposition modeling (FDM) RP specimens between two types of raster orientation which are cross (0°/90°) and crisscross (45°/−45°).The method of investigation in order to compare the result is done by doing several tests. The tests conducted throughout the research are; tensile, bending, impact and deflection test. The material used is Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS): a terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. The findings from this research are used to evaluate which parameters give the best result and performance besides improving the quality of a design for better product development.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126716082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088821
F. A. Bin Hamid Ali, Yee Yong Len
Nowadays, computer security has become important issue in many organizations in this world. There are many ways to handle this issue including by using Intrusion Detection System on the computer system. It takes the role as a detector for any intrusion that is occurring from the computer system. The study is to develop host based intrusion detection system for Microsoft Windows XP environment. Method that had used in the study was applying intrusion detection pattern matching technique on the Security Event Log File for Microsoft Windows XP. The intrusion had identified when there was matching of intrusion pattern that is create with Security Event Log in Microsoft Windows XP. The system is hoping to evolve into IDS that include any kind of intrusion detection technique in future.
如今，计算机安全已成为世界上许多组织的重要问题。解决这一问题的方法有很多，其中包括在计算机系统上使用入侵检测系统。它的作用是检测来自计算机系统的任何入侵。本课题研究的是在Microsoft Windows XP环境下开发基于主机的入侵检测系统。本研究采用的方法是将入侵检测模式匹配技术应用于Microsoft Windows XP的安全事件日志文件。在Microsoft Windows XP中使用安全事件日志创建的入侵模式进行匹配时，入侵被识别出来。该系统有望在未来发展成为包含任何入侵检测技术的IDS。
{"title":"Development of host based intrusion detection system for log files","authors":"F. A. Bin Hamid Ali, Yee Yong Len","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088821","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, computer security has become important issue in many organizations in this world. There are many ways to handle this issue including by using Intrusion Detection System on the computer system. It takes the role as a detector for any intrusion that is occurring from the computer system. The study is to develop host based intrusion detection system for Microsoft Windows XP environment. Method that had used in the study was applying intrusion detection pattern matching technique on the Security Event Log File for Microsoft Windows XP. The intrusion had identified when there was matching of intrusion pattern that is create with Security Event Log in Microsoft Windows XP. The system is hoping to evolve into IDS that include any kind of intrusion detection technique in future.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133217063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088879
M. Yusoff, Z. Hassan, A. Mahyuddin, C. C. Woei, A. Ahmad, Y. Yusof, M. Yunus
Aluminum nitride (AlN) and high aluminum (Al) content aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) thin films were successfully grown on gallium nitride (GaN) layer by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) system. The films were deposited on Si 111 substrate. A systematic study and optimization of the growth conditions was performed in order to grow AlN and AlGaN layers on GaN films. Epitaxial growth of GaN has been demonstrated to be feasible for substrate temperature (800°C and 850°C) which depends on a Ga/nitrogen flux ratio. The absence of cubic phase GaN buffer layer for both samples has shown that this layer possessed hexagonal structure. The AlN sample has a good optical quality as measured by the photoluminescence (PL) system.
{"title":"Structural characterization of AlN and AlGaN layers grown on GaN/AlN/Si 111 by plasma-assisted MBE","authors":"M. Yusoff, Z. Hassan, A. Mahyuddin, C. C. Woei, A. Ahmad, Y. Yusof, M. Yunus","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088879","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum nitride (AlN) and high aluminum (Al) content aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) thin films were successfully grown on gallium nitride (GaN) layer by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) system. The films were deposited on Si 111 substrate. A systematic study and optimization of the growth conditions was performed in order to grow AlN and AlGaN layers on GaN films. Epitaxial growth of GaN has been demonstrated to be feasible for substrate temperature (800°C and 850°C) which depends on a Ga/nitrogen flux ratio. The absence of cubic phase GaN buffer layer for both samples has shown that this layer possessed hexagonal structure. The AlN sample has a good optical quality as measured by the photoluminescence (PL) system.","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133503637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088888
N. Asari, M. Suratman, J. Jaafar
This preliminary study is a part of data collection for the development of the prediction model for the estimation of oil palm above ground biomass (AGB) and stem volume using remote sensing data. Oil palm agricultural tree crops have been extensively studied in the aspect of botanical and cultivation due to its socio-economic and commercial values. Malaysia is known as the world's top producers of palm oil with current planted area of plantations around 4.69 million ha. There is an abundance potential of biomass and renewable energy resources including oil palm in Malaysia. Oil palm residues are the major potential for power generation amounting to about 2400 mega watt. It has been acknowledged that renewable energy could be a key driver in maintaining the balance of economic development that would be anticipated to grow alongside the exponential rise of the global human population and climate change. Despite the importance of oil palm to the country, an accurate and reliable assessment method in resource availability is lacking. Therefore, the need for current inventory on oil palm biomass and stand volume leads this research into ground-based survey using the existing allometric equations. The objectives for this preliminary study are (1) to estimate AGB and stem volume of oil palm plantations of different ages and (2) to study the relationships between oil palm biomass and stem volume with the age of oil palm
{"title":"Preliminary study of above ground biomass (AGB) and stem volume of oil palm stands","authors":"N. Asari, M. Suratman, J. Jaafar","doi":"10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088888","url":null,"abstract":"This preliminary study is a part of data collection for the development of the prediction model for the estimation of oil palm above ground biomass (AGB) and stem volume using remote sensing data. Oil palm agricultural tree crops have been extensively studied in the aspect of botanical and cultivation due to its socio-economic and commercial values. Malaysia is known as the world's top producers of palm oil with current planted area of plantations around 4.69 million ha. There is an abundance potential of biomass and renewable energy resources including oil palm in Malaysia. Oil palm residues are the major potential for power generation amounting to about 2400 mega watt. It has been acknowledged that renewable energy could be a key driver in maintaining the balance of economic development that would be anticipated to grow alongside the exponential rise of the global human population and climate change. Despite the importance of oil palm to the country, an accurate and reliable assessment method in resource availability is lacking. Therefore, the need for current inventory on oil palm biomass and stand volume leads this research into ground-based survey using the existing allometric equations. The objectives for this preliminary study are (1) to estimate AGB and stem volume of oil palm plantations of different ages and (2) to study the relationships between oil palm biomass and stem volume with the age of oil palm","PeriodicalId":358440,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131862380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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