Michelle Symons, H. Vandebosch, C. Cutello, K. Poels
Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviours are leading risk factors for preventable health problems worldwide. Therefore, several smartphone-based interventions have tried to enhance physical activity (PA) through goal reminders based on relatively stable characteristics. However, time-varying factors, such as cognitive fatigue, may act as barriers to engagement in PA. This study aims to unravel what type of goal reminder messages are effective for enhancing PA in situations of cognitive fatigue. First, using a 3 x 3 between-subjects design, we evaluated the effectiveness of goal reminders matched with real-time goals under different levels of cognitive fatigue. This study did not find evidence that the tested goal reminders, intended to be adapted to the real-time goals of the participants, were more effective in promoting PA than goal reminders not adapted to individuals’ real-time goals. Second, to better understand how to design future reminders, two questions explored what format and what content participants considered to be helpful when feeling cognitively fatigued. Results show that GIFs, textual reminders, and pictures are suitable formats in smartphone-based interventions and that humorous content is preferred when feeling cognitively fatigued. These findings contribute to the development of just-in-time adaptive interventions that consider dynamic factors to promote PA.
{"title":"Message Reminders Encouraging Brisk Walking by Considering the Dynamic Factor of Cognitive Fatigue","authors":"Michelle Symons, H. Vandebosch, C. Cutello, K. Poels","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.303","url":null,"abstract":"Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviours are leading risk factors for preventable health problems worldwide. Therefore, several smartphone-based interventions have tried to enhance physical activity (PA) through goal reminders based on relatively stable characteristics. However, time-varying factors, such as cognitive fatigue, may act as barriers to engagement in PA. This study aims to unravel what type of goal reminder messages are effective for enhancing PA in situations of cognitive fatigue. First, using a 3 x 3 between-subjects design, we evaluated the effectiveness of goal reminders matched with real-time goals under different levels of cognitive fatigue. This study did not find evidence that the tested goal reminders, intended to be adapted to the real-time goals of the participants, were more effective in promoting PA than goal reminders not adapted to individuals’ real-time goals. Second, to better understand how to design future reminders, two questions explored what format and what content participants considered to be helpful when feeling cognitively fatigued. Results show that GIFs, textual reminders, and pictures are suitable formats in smartphone-based interventions and that humorous content is preferred when feeling cognitively fatigued. These findings contribute to the development of just-in-time adaptive interventions that consider dynamic factors to promote PA.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121630503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mass media represents the primary source of information about organ donation for the general public. The present study explored the content of Romanian online media concerning organ donation. We conducted a content analysis of 313 media materials published online between October 2012 and October 2019 in Romanian. The coding categories were year of publication, media outlet, type of material, type of evidence, valence, topic, and proximity of the story. A semestral web-search was conducted between February 2016 and November 2019. The analysis revealed that the Romanian online coverage of organ donation was modest across time. Regarding the valence, results indicated that 57.2% of the materials presented organ donation in a positive way, 14.1% were neutral, 12.5% were negative, whereas 16.3% of the materials were mixed. Moreover, the valence of the materials varied across media outlets, proximity of the story and publication year. Promotion, information about organ donation and system were the topics that occurred most frequently, followed by events, policy, and legal categories. Findings provide insight into how media may shape people's opinions about organ donation. The study also contributes to understanding the Romanian organ donation macro-social environment and provides valuable information for practice.
{"title":"Organ Donation in Romanian Online Media","authors":"O. Petre, A. Băban","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.302","url":null,"abstract":"Mass media represents the primary source of information about organ donation for the general public. The present study explored the content of Romanian online media concerning organ donation. We conducted a content analysis of 313 media materials published online between October 2012 and October 2019 in Romanian. The coding categories were year of publication, media outlet, type of material, type of evidence, valence, topic, and proximity of the story. A semestral web-search was conducted between February 2016 and November 2019. The analysis revealed that the Romanian online coverage of organ donation was modest across time. Regarding the valence, results indicated that 57.2% of the materials presented organ donation in a positive way, 14.1% were neutral, 12.5% were negative, whereas 16.3% of the materials were mixed. Moreover, the valence of the materials varied across media outlets, proximity of the story and publication year. Promotion, information about organ donation and system were the topics that occurred most frequently, followed by events, policy, and legal categories. Findings provide insight into how media may shape people's opinions about organ donation. The study also contributes to understanding the Romanian organ donation macro-social environment and provides valuable information for practice.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130842812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physicians critically depend on up-to-date risk information when prescribing drugs, but they typically have little time to navigate the vast information. In the European Union, Direct to Healthcare Professional Communications (DHPC) letters are distributed to physicians to mitigate drug risks that emerge after market approval, but the letters show low impact. This study characterises general practitioners’ (GPs) information behaviour regarding drug safety and assesses the compatibility of DHPCs with the identified information behaviour. We conducted 17 semi-structured interviews and four follow-up interviews with Danish GPs about safety concerns and analysed them using Wilson’s model of information behaviour. We found that GPs primarily use an online drug monograph for point-of-care information needs and a newsletter from the authorities for clinical management strategies. They generally did not consider DHPCs a useful source of information. GPs argued that numerous sources contained the same information as the DHPC and believed these to be superior in terms of convenience, clinical relevance, and quality of evidence. A new digital mode of DHPC delivery from a public authority may improve the general adoption but also generated new problems. Overall, this suggests that DHPCs in their current form are not very compatible with information behaviour of GPs.
{"title":"Are Drug Safety Advisories Compatible with Physicians’ Information Behaviour?","authors":"M. Møllebæk, S. Kaae","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.301","url":null,"abstract":"Physicians critically depend on up-to-date risk information when prescribing drugs, but they typically have little time to navigate the vast information. In the European Union, Direct to Healthcare Professional Communications (DHPC) letters are distributed to physicians to mitigate drug risks that emerge after market approval, but the letters show low impact. This study characterises general practitioners’ (GPs) information behaviour regarding drug safety and assesses the compatibility of DHPCs with the identified information behaviour. We conducted 17 semi-structured interviews and four follow-up interviews with Danish GPs about safety concerns and analysed them using Wilson’s model of information behaviour. We found that GPs primarily use an online drug monograph for point-of-care information needs and a newsletter from the authorities for clinical management strategies. They generally did not consider DHPCs a useful source of information. GPs argued that numerous sources contained the same information as the DHPC and believed these to be superior in terms of convenience, clinical relevance, and quality of evidence. A new digital mode of DHPC delivery from a public authority may improve the general adoption but also generated new problems. Overall, this suggests that DHPCs in their current form are not very compatible with information behaviour of GPs.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130169133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmijn Kruijt, Corine S. Meppelink, Lisa Vandeberg
Covid-19-related fake news widely circulates on social media. This is problematic as people commonly do not process information on social media in a very critical manner. Also, when people encounter particular online content several times this tends to increase the content’s trustworthiness, sometimes irrespective of the accuracy of the provided information. Our study aims to explore whether, how, and for whom a simple critical thinking recommendation added to a social media newsfeed can aid people to better discern true news from fake news and reduce their trust in fake news. In an online experiment, 220 participants were exposed to a Twitter newsfeed with true and fake Covid-19-related news messages, either with or without critical thinking recommendations. The findings showed that participants who were exposed to the recommendations showed less trust in fake news messages, which was mediated by an increased accuracy in news truth discernment. Results showed no significant moderating effects of information literacy and impulsivity characteristics. Overall, the findings of this study are promising as this scalable, low-cost intervention might potentially help combat the effects of fake news on social media.
{"title":"Stop and Think! Exploring the Role of News Truth Discernment, Information Literacy, and Impulsivity in the Effect of Critical Thinking Recommendations on Trust in Fake Covid-19 News","authors":"Jasmijn Kruijt, Corine S. Meppelink, Lisa Vandeberg","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.203","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19-related fake news widely circulates on social media. This is problematic as people commonly do not process information on social media in a very critical manner. Also, when people encounter particular online content several times this tends to increase the content’s trustworthiness, sometimes irrespective of the accuracy of the provided information. Our study aims to explore whether, how, and for whom a simple critical thinking recommendation added to a social media newsfeed can aid people to better discern true news from fake news and reduce their trust in fake news. In an online experiment, 220 participants were exposed to a Twitter newsfeed with true and fake Covid-19-related news messages, either with or without critical thinking recommendations. The findings showed that participants who were exposed to the recommendations showed less trust in fake news messages, which was mediated by an increased accuracy in news truth discernment. Results showed no significant moderating effects of information literacy and impulsivity characteristics. Overall, the findings of this study are promising as this scalable, low-cost intervention might potentially help combat the effects of fake news on social media.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131760759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
More and more individuals turn to apps to increase their well-being or reduce stress, with meditation apps being most popular to achieve these goals. However, considering the underlying normative imperative of idealised self-help inherent in the well-being app market, concerns have been raised that these apps and how they are promoted on the app market might contribute to the stigma of mental illness. To explore these potential detrimental effects we conducted a pre-registered experimental survey study (N = 249) examining whether (1) the emphasis on individual responsibility for one’s well-being in the text describing the app in the app market and (2) the lack of a disclaimer that the app is not a replacement for medical treatment increase both the stigmatisation of individuals with depression and self-stigmatisation. While our findings did not support our a priori hypotheses, further exploratory analyses uncovered more complex relationships between our experimental factors, respondents’ age and prior experiences with mental illness, and stigmatisation and self-stigmatisation. We, therefore, call for future empirical investigations to better assess the risk of incidental stigmatisation through how well-being apps are promoted in the app market.
{"title":"Incidental Stigmatisation?","authors":"Freya Sukalla, V. Karnowski","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.104","url":null,"abstract":"More and more individuals turn to apps to increase their well-being or reduce stress, with meditation apps being most popular to achieve these goals. However, considering the underlying normative imperative of idealised self-help inherent in the well-being app market, concerns have been raised that these apps and how they are promoted on the app market might contribute to the stigma of mental illness. To explore these potential detrimental effects we conducted a pre-registered experimental survey study (N = 249) examining whether (1) the emphasis on individual responsibility for one’s well-being in the text describing the app in the app market and (2) the lack of a disclaimer that the app is not a replacement for medical treatment increase both the stigmatisation of individuals with depression and self-stigmatisation. While our findings did not support our a priori hypotheses, further exploratory analyses uncovered more complex relationships between our experimental factors, respondents’ age and prior experiences with mental illness, and stigmatisation and self-stigmatisation. We, therefore, call for future empirical investigations to better assess the risk of incidental stigmatisation through how well-being apps are promoted in the app market.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121164842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the uncertainty management theory considering different information-based coping strategies that are relevant during health crises, the purpose of the present study is to understand how individuals seek and avoid information during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focus on online information seeking and avoidance because of the high share of people searching for information about the pandemic online and the questionable quality of information about the virus available online. Data for this qualitative exploratory study were collected in semi-structured interviews with 21 participants. Our findings revealed four information-seeking patterns that can be located on a continuum between more active, targeted, and less purposeful acquisitions of information, and three avoidance patterns that are distinguished by different motives to avoid certain information. The findings on specific factors involved in individuals’ choices between seeking and avoiding information will help to design better information environments and to identify barriers to the adequate use of information during such crises.
{"title":"Patterns of Online Information Seeking and Avoidance about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19","authors":"E. Link, Magdalena Rosset, Anna Freytag","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.103","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the uncertainty management theory considering different information-based coping strategies that are relevant during health crises, the purpose of the present study is to understand how individuals seek and avoid information during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focus on online information seeking and avoidance because of the high share of people searching for information about the pandemic online and the questionable quality of information about the virus available online. Data for this qualitative exploratory study were collected in semi-structured interviews with 21 participants. Our findings revealed four information-seeking patterns that can be located on a continuum between more active, targeted, and less purposeful acquisitions of information, and three avoidance patterns that are distinguished by different motives to avoid certain information. The findings on specific factors involved in individuals’ choices between seeking and avoiding information will help to design better information environments and to identify barriers to the adequate use of information during such crises.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126339033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shared Decision Making (SDM), currently considered a preferred model for making decisions in healthcare, requires that patients have the knowledge and skills to actively participate in the consultation and decision-making process. Patients with limited health literacy (LHL) often fail to do so. To gain insight into the experiences, needs and support for LHL-patients concerning SDM in clinical practice, five focus groups were held with 26 patients with LHL. A focus group discussion guide was developed based on 4-steps SDM models. Data was coded using thematic content analyses. LHL patients participating in this study had little experience with SDM in practice, but do prefer it. Important barriers for this are healthcare provider-related (involving patients too little in decision-making, using medical jargon), patient-related (feeling insecure to play a role in decision-making, inability to understand their diagnosis or information about treatment options), patient-provider interaction-related (relationship of trust) or system-related (too little consultation time). For SDM to take place more often, a shared responsibility between patients and healthcare providers is required. We recommend expanding the SDM models, by adding a step zero (patients understand their diagnosis) and a fifth step (reviewing the decision), to improve the process for LHL patients.
{"title":"Shared Decision Making in Clinical Practice","authors":"J. Noordman, M. Oosterveld-Vlug, J. Rademakers","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.102","url":null,"abstract":"Shared Decision Making (SDM), currently considered a preferred model for making decisions in healthcare, requires that patients have the knowledge and skills to actively participate in the consultation and decision-making process. Patients with limited health literacy (LHL) often fail to do so. To gain insight into the experiences, needs and support for LHL-patients concerning SDM in clinical practice, five focus groups were held with 26 patients with LHL. A focus group discussion guide was developed based on 4-steps SDM models. Data was coded using thematic content analyses. LHL patients participating in this study had little experience with SDM in practice, but do prefer it. Important barriers for this are healthcare provider-related (involving patients too little in decision-making, using medical jargon), patient-related (feeling insecure to play a role in decision-making, inability to understand their diagnosis or information about treatment options), patient-provider interaction-related (relationship of trust) or system-related (too little consultation time). For SDM to take place more often, a shared responsibility between patients and healthcare providers is required. We recommend expanding the SDM models, by adding a step zero (patients understand their diagnosis) and a fifth step (reviewing the decision), to improve the process for LHL patients.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127455170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Gültzow, E. Smit, Raesita Hudales, C. Dirksen, C. Hoving
Evidence-based cessation assistance increases cessation rates. Activating preferences during decision making could improve effectiveness further. Decision aids (DAs) facilitate deciding by taking preferences into account. To develop effective DAs, potential end users' (i.e., individuals motivated to quit) needs and experts' viewpoints should be considered. Therefore, the aim of this needs assessment was: (1) To explore end users' needs and (2) to obtain consensus among smoking cessation counsellors and scientific experts to develop a self-administered DA to support end users in choosing cessation assistance. Data was gathered via two approaches: (1) twenty semi-structured interviews with potential end users and (2) two three-round Delphi studies with 61 counsellors and 44 scientific experts. Interview data and the first Delphi rounds were analysed qualitatively, the other Delphi rounds were analysed quantitatively. Potential end users acquired information in different ways, e.g., via own experiences. Important characteristics to decide between tools varied, however effectiveness and costs were commonly reported. Experts reached consensus on 38 and 40 statements, e.g., tools should be appropriate for users' addiction level. Although some trends emerged, due to the variation among stakeholders, a 'one size fits all'-approach is undesirable. This heterogeneity should be considered, e.g., by enabling users to customise the DA.
{"title":"Informed Decision Making on the Uptake of Evidence-Based Smoking Cessation Assistance by Individuals Motivated to Quit Smoking","authors":"T. Gültzow, E. Smit, Raesita Hudales, C. Dirksen, C. Hoving","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2022.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2022.101","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence-based cessation assistance increases cessation rates. Activating preferences during decision making could improve effectiveness further. Decision aids (DAs) facilitate deciding by taking preferences into account. To develop effective DAs, potential end users' (i.e., individuals motivated to quit) needs and experts' viewpoints should be considered. Therefore, the aim of this needs assessment was: (1) To explore end users' needs and (2) to obtain consensus among smoking cessation counsellors and scientific experts to develop a self-administered DA to support end users in choosing cessation assistance. Data was gathered via two approaches: (1) twenty semi-structured interviews with potential end users and (2) two three-round Delphi studies with 61 counsellors and 44 scientific experts. Interview data and the first Delphi rounds were analysed qualitatively, the other Delphi rounds were analysed quantitatively. Potential end users acquired information in different ways, e.g., via own experiences. Important characteristics to decide between tools varied, however effectiveness and costs were commonly reported. Experts reached consensus on 38 and 40 statements, e.g., tools should be appropriate for users' addiction level. Although some trends emerged, due to the variation among stakeholders, a 'one size fits all'-approach is undesirable. This heterogeneity should be considered, e.g., by enabling users to customise the DA.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134189680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medical pluralism does not only mean the presence of multiple therapies but also the variety of health discourses and norms. By analysing the rhetoric of active participants in the Estonian health field, we portray the diverse discourses in defining and positioning complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in relation to biomedicine (BM). On a scale of attitudes, five different positions of CAM and BM emerge. Both ends of the spectrum dominantly represent a system-level view characterized by distinct categories, opposition, and labelling. In between, integrative positions focus more on an individual’s personal needs by combining and “taking the best out of” all available knowledge systems. The presence of these competing discourses poses several challenges for health communication. Meanings offered by CAM-related health approaches are increasingly visible and influential as unlicensed health workers and laypeople contribute more to public communication due to the openness of social media. On the other hand, critics of CAM and proponents of scientific thinking have mobilized to set boundaries to defend the authoritative position of scientific medicine. Our analysis suggests that using system-level categories supports polarization, which could lead people to seek alternative explanations based on their individual experiences, and thus feeding distrust towards medicine and doctors.
{"title":"Beyond Medical Pluralism","authors":"Marko Uibu, Katre Koppel","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2021.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2021.305","url":null,"abstract":"Medical pluralism does not only mean the presence of multiple therapies but also the variety of health discourses and norms. By analysing the rhetoric of active participants in the Estonian health field, we portray the diverse discourses in defining and positioning complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in relation to biomedicine (BM). On a scale of attitudes, five different positions of CAM and BM emerge. Both ends of the spectrum dominantly represent a system-level view characterized by distinct categories, opposition, and labelling. In between, integrative positions focus more on an individual’s personal needs by combining and “taking the best out of” all available knowledge systems. The presence of these competing discourses poses several challenges for health communication. Meanings offered by CAM-related health approaches are increasingly visible and influential as unlicensed health workers and laypeople contribute more to public communication due to the openness of social media. On the other hand, critics of CAM and proponents of scientific thinking have mobilized to set boundaries to defend the authoritative position of scientific medicine. Our analysis suggests that using system-level categories supports polarization, which could lead people to seek alternative explanations based on their individual experiences, and thus feeding distrust towards medicine and doctors.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114269667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Karamanidou, A. Xochelli, P. Ghia, K. Stamatopoulos
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a chronic hematologic malignancy with great heterogeneity and unpredictable clinical course. The European Research Initiative on CLL (ERIC), in the context of its CLL Patient Empowerment Program, conducted a study exploring hematologists’ experience of communication. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with hematologists caring for CLL patients in Greece. Inductive thematic qualitative analysis was employed revealing 3 major themes: (i) disclosure of information encompassing ‘negotiating the level of disclosure’, ‘the power of cultural perceptions’, ‘fear of being held culpable’, ‘fear of patients’ and own emotions’; (ii) medical-decision making which described ‘balancing autonomy and beneficence’, ‘considering patients’ preferences’ and ‘adhering to practice guidelines’; (iii) emotional support which included ‘assessment of emotional distress’, ‘identifying and regulating patients’ emotions’ and ‘maintaining a supportive relationship’. In conclusion, physicians are aware of the importance of communication and its potential impact on CLL patients. They use a wide range of communication strategies which serve the diversity of communication goals they must achieve. However, the majority have not received formal education on patient interactions. Present findings highlight the need for specific communication protocols, guidance and training that will empower physicians to overcome challenges, inherent to the nature of CLL.
{"title":"How do Hematologists Communicate with Patients Suffering from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia?","authors":"C. Karamanidou, A. Xochelli, P. Ghia, K. Stamatopoulos","doi":"10.47368/ejhc.2021.306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2021.306","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a chronic hematologic malignancy with great heterogeneity and unpredictable clinical course. The European Research Initiative on CLL (ERIC), in the context of its CLL Patient Empowerment Program, conducted a study exploring hematologists’ experience of communication. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with hematologists caring for CLL patients in Greece. Inductive thematic qualitative analysis was employed revealing 3 major themes: (i) disclosure of information encompassing ‘negotiating the level of disclosure’, ‘the power of cultural perceptions’, ‘fear of being held culpable’, ‘fear of patients’ and own emotions’; (ii) medical-decision making which described ‘balancing autonomy and beneficence’, ‘considering patients’ preferences’ and ‘adhering to practice guidelines’; (iii) emotional support which included ‘assessment of emotional distress’, ‘identifying and regulating patients’ emotions’ and ‘maintaining a supportive relationship’. In conclusion, physicians are aware of the importance of communication and its potential impact on CLL patients. They use a wide range of communication strategies which serve the diversity of communication goals they must achieve. However, the majority have not received formal education on patient interactions. Present findings highlight the need for specific communication protocols, guidance and training that will empower physicians to overcome challenges, inherent to the nature of CLL.","PeriodicalId":358828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Communication","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133427997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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