Pub Date : 1951-06-01DOI: 10.1017/s0007680500024454
{"title":"BHR volume 25 issue 2 Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0007680500024454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500024454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121888221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1951-06-01DOI: 10.1017/S0007680500024466
R. N. Current
The inventor does the work and the promoter gets the money. That seems to sum up the popular view of the relation between promotion and technology in nineteenth-century America. Take the typewriter as an example. Thomas A. Edison declared in 1921: “Mr. Christopher L. Sholes was the father of the typewriter and got nothing but trouble and neglect in connection with the invention. He fell into the hands of promoters with the usual results.” Who were these promoters? Edison did not name names, but chief among them were in fact the following: James Densmore, George Washington Newton Yost, the firm of E. Remington & Sons, and finally the latter's selling agents—Wyckoff, Seamans, and Benedict—who in 1886 bought the Remingtons' typewriter property and organized the Remington Standard Typewriter Company, which was eventually succeeded by Remington Rand, Inc. Among all these, Densmore is the one whom Edison had particularly in mind, and the one whom many others have denounced. Indeed, according to one account, the only thing Densmore did for the typewriter was to give Sholes $6,000 for the invention and then turn it over to the Remingtons for a cool million!
发明者做工作，发起人拿钱。这似乎概括了19世纪美国关于晋升与技术之间关系的流行观点。以打字机为例。托马斯·a·爱迪生(Thomas A. Edison)在1921年宣称:“克里斯托弗·l·肖尔斯(Christopher L. Sholes)先生是打字机之父，与这项发明有关的除了麻烦和忽视之外什么都没有。”他落入了推动者的手中，结果和往常一样。”这些发起人是谁?爱迪生没有点名，但其中最主要的是:詹姆斯·登斯莫尔、乔治·华盛顿·牛顿·约斯特、e·雷明顿父子公司，最后是后者的销售代理人威科夫、希曼斯和本尼迪克特，他们在1886年买下了雷明顿的打字机财产，并成立了雷明顿标准打字机公司，最终由雷明顿兰德公司继承。在所有这些人中，爱迪生特别关注的是登斯莫尔，而其他许多人也都谴责过他。事实上，根据一种说法，登斯莫尔为这台打字机所做的唯一一件事就是给肖尔斯6000美元作为这项发明的报酬，然后以整整100万美元的价格把它交给雷明顿夫妇!
{"title":"Technology and Promotion: The Typewriter","authors":"R. N. Current","doi":"10.1017/S0007680500024466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007680500024466","url":null,"abstract":"The inventor does the work and the promoter gets the money. That seems to sum up the popular view of the relation between promotion and technology in nineteenth-century America. Take the typewriter as an example. Thomas A. Edison declared in 1921: “Mr. Christopher L. Sholes was the father of the typewriter and got nothing but trouble and neglect in connection with the invention. He fell into the hands of promoters with the usual results.” Who were these promoters? Edison did not name names, but chief among them were in fact the following: James Densmore, George Washington Newton Yost, the firm of E. Remington & Sons, and finally the latter's selling agents—Wyckoff, Seamans, and Benedict—who in 1886 bought the Remingtons' typewriter property and organized the Remington Standard Typewriter Company, which was eventually succeeded by Remington Rand, Inc. Among all these, Densmore is the one whom Edison had particularly in mind, and the one whom many others have denounced. Indeed, according to one account, the only thing Densmore did for the typewriter was to give Sholes $6,000 for the invention and then turn it over to the Remingtons for a cool million!","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117256192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1951-03-01DOI: 10.1017/s0007680500024387
{"title":"BHR volume 25 issue 1 Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0007680500024387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500024387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127133955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1951-03-01DOI: 10.1017/S0007680500024417
W. Woodruff
America's indebtedness to Europe in the nineteenth century as a source of industrial ideas and technique is well-known. Our purpose, however, is to show that the transfer of technological knowledge was by no means one way, from Europe to America. In fact at least one important exception exists in the rubber manufacturing industry, the foundations of which were laid in the first half of the nineteenth century. The origins of this industry in the United Kingdom and throughout the Continent of Europe, including European Russia, show a marked dependence of the Old World on the New, not only in terms of technique but in the establishment of American business houses in Europe.
{"title":"Origins of An Early English Rubber Manufactory","authors":"W. Woodruff","doi":"10.1017/S0007680500024417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007680500024417","url":null,"abstract":"America's indebtedness to Europe in the nineteenth century as a source of industrial ideas and technique is well-known. Our purpose, however, is to show that the transfer of technological knowledge was by no means one way, from Europe to America. In fact at least one important exception exists in the rubber manufacturing industry, the foundations of which were laid in the first half of the nineteenth century. The origins of this industry in the United Kingdom and throughout the Continent of Europe, including European Russia, show a marked dependence of the Old World on the New, not only in terms of technique but in the establishment of American business houses in Europe.","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114759190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1951-03-01DOI: 10.1017/S0007680500024429
C. J. Kennedy
This study is an exploration, on a limited scale, of the part played by businessmen in early railroad construction and operation. The business history of railroading is significant not only for that industry but also for the leadership that the railroads maintained among the large business units in the nineteenth century and the consequent influence on organization, management methods, and policies of big business. In this paper we are concerned only with a sample, the beginnings in the decades of the 'thirties and 'forties, in order (1) to see wherein our knowledge of early railroad history needs enlarging and (2) to demonstrate the type of information that can be gleaned from the manuscript minutes, reports, and correspondence of early railroads.
{"title":"The Early Business History of Four Massachusetts Railroads","authors":"C. J. Kennedy","doi":"10.1017/S0007680500024429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007680500024429","url":null,"abstract":"This study is an exploration, on a limited scale, of the part played by businessmen in early railroad construction and operation. The business history of railroading is significant not only for that industry but also for the leadership that the railroads maintained among the large business units in the nineteenth century and the consequent influence on organization, management methods, and policies of big business. In this paper we are concerned only with a sample, the beginnings in the decades of the 'thirties and 'forties, in order (1) to see wherein our knowledge of early railroad history needs enlarging and (2) to demonstrate the type of information that can be gleaned from the manuscript minutes, reports, and correspondence of early railroads.","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131392489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1951-03-01DOI: 10.1017/s0007680500024430
{"title":"A Guide to Business Records in Wisconsin","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0007680500024430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500024430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123983009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1951-03-01DOI: 10.1017/S0007680500024399
H. F. Williamson
For several reasons the aspect of management decisions that has interested most business historians has involved the innovating function. For one, the main responsibility for introducing innovations in a capitalist society, without which the economy would tend to stagnate, is undertaken by the business executives. Secondly, the fortunes of individual companies are closely related to the capacity of the managements to undertake and cany through changes. While it is true that a passive policy may be sufficient to establish a new firm or to maintain a going concern, the rewards in the form of prestige, income, size or position in the market, and the like, are more likely to go to those organizations whose managements take an active role, who pioneer changes or are quick to see the applications to their own organization of innovations developed outside.
{"title":"Management and Innovations: The Winchester Repeating Arms Company, A Case Study","authors":"H. F. Williamson","doi":"10.1017/S0007680500024399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007680500024399","url":null,"abstract":"For several reasons the aspect of management decisions that has interested most business historians has involved the innovating function. For one, the main responsibility for introducing innovations in a capitalist society, without which the economy would tend to stagnate, is undertaken by the business executives. Secondly, the fortunes of individual companies are closely related to the capacity of the managements to undertake and cany through changes. While it is true that a passive policy may be sufficient to establish a new firm or to maintain a going concern, the rewards in the form of prestige, income, size or position in the market, and the like, are more likely to go to those organizations whose managements take an active role, who pioneer changes or are quick to see the applications to their own organization of innovations developed outside.","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121799303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1951-03-01DOI: 10.1017/S0007680500024405
T. Navin
Many will think it strange that the textile machinery industry should have been chosen to point up a discussion of innovation, especially technological innovation. No industry in America has been more consistently singled out as an example of technological backwardness. About a decade ago the Honorable Henry Wallace, while on a lecture tour of New England, voiced the opinion that the American textile machinery industry was a hundred years behind the times. That Mr. Wallace based his statement on information so insubstantial as to be almost meaningless is of little importance. What is important is that all with eyes to see are likely to agree with him. Anyone who is familiar with the modern spinning frame and who, on visiting the Smithsonian Institute, chances to see on display there the spinning frame built by Samuel Slater in 1790 is inevitably struck by the similarity between the two machines.
{"title":"Innovation and Management Policies — The Textile Machinery Industry: Influence of the Market on Management","authors":"T. Navin","doi":"10.1017/S0007680500024405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007680500024405","url":null,"abstract":"Many will think it strange that the textile machinery industry should have been chosen to point up a discussion of innovation, especially technological innovation. No industry in America has been more consistently singled out as an example of technological backwardness. About a decade ago the Honorable Henry Wallace, while on a lecture tour of New England, voiced the opinion that the American textile machinery industry was a hundred years behind the times. That Mr. Wallace based his statement on information so insubstantial as to be almost meaningless is of little importance. What is important is that all with eyes to see are likely to agree with him. Anyone who is familiar with the modern spinning frame and who, on visiting the Smithsonian Institute, chances to see on display there the spinning frame built by Samuel Slater in 1790 is inevitably struck by the similarity between the two machines.","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"475 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1951-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133437943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1950-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S0007680500024636
William J. Parish
The history of the Sante Fe Trail has been written and rewritten, replete with colorful episodes of wars and skirmishes, of Indian massacres and Spanish resistance, and of privations of hunger, thirst, and exposure. Regarded from the long-time point of view, these efforts have been far from satisfying. The more basic story of the rooting of capital and the building of towns, for which all these hazards appeared inviting and worth bearing, has received little attention.
{"title":"Charles Ilfeld and Mercantile Capitalism in the Arid Southwest","authors":"William J. Parish","doi":"10.1017/S0007680500024636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007680500024636","url":null,"abstract":"The history of the Sante Fe Trail has been written and rewritten, replete with colorful episodes of wars and skirmishes, of Indian massacres and Spanish resistance, and of privations of hunger, thirst, and exposure. Regarded from the long-time point of view, these efforts have been far from satisfying. The more basic story of the rooting of capital and the building of towns, for which all these hazards appeared inviting and worth bearing, has received little attention.","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1950-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115727359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1950-12-01DOI: 10.1017/s0007680500024582
{"title":"BHR volume 24 issue 4 Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0007680500024582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500024582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":359130,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Business Historical Society","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1950-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114734265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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