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Prescrire International最新文献

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Fractures related to bone fragility: prevention First-choice treatments. 与骨脆性相关的骨折:预防首选治疗方法。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-04-01
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引用次数: 0
Towards better patient care: drugs to avoid in 2017. 迈向更好的患者护理:2017年应避免使用的药物。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-04-01

To help healthcare professionals and patients choose high-quality treatments that minimise the risk of adverse effects, in early 2017 we updated the list of drugs that Prescrire advises health pro- fessionals and patients to avoid. Prescire's assessments of the harm-benefit balance of new drugs and indications are based on a rigorous procedure that includes a systematic and reproducible literature search, identification of patient-relevant outcomes, prioritisation of the supporting data based on the strength of evidence, comparison with standard treatments, and an analysis of both known and potential adverse effects. This fifth annual review of drugs to avoid has been extended to cover all drugs examined by Prescrire between 2010 and 2016 and authorised in the European Union, whereas previous reviews only considered drugs marketed in France. We iden- tified 91 drugs that are more harmful than beneficial in all the indications for which they have been authorised in France or in the European Union. In most cases, when drug therapy is really necessary, other drugs with a better harm-benefit balance are available. Even in serious situations, when no effective treatment exists, there is no justification for prescribing a drug with no proven efficacy that provokes severe adverse effects. It may be acceptable to test these drugs in clinical trials, but patients must be informed of the uncertainty over their harm-benefit balance, and the trial design must be relevant. Tailored supportive care is the best option when there are no available treatments capable of improving prognosis or quality of life, beyond their placebo effect.

为了帮助医疗保健专业人员和患者选择将不良反应风险降至最低的高质量治疗方法,2017年初,我们更新了处方药建议医疗保健专业人员和患者避免使用的药物清单。Prescire对新药和适应症的损益平衡的评估基于严格的程序,包括系统和可重复的文献检索,确定与患者相关的结果,根据证据的强度对支持数据进行优先排序,与标准治疗的比较,以及对已知和潜在不良反应的分析。这是对药品的第五次年度审查,已扩大到涵盖2010年至2016年期间由Prescrire审查并在欧盟批准的所有药物,而之前的审查仅考虑在法国上市的药物。我们确定了91种药物在法国或欧盟批准的所有适应症中有害大于有益。在大多数情况下,当药物治疗确实是必要的,其他药物有更好的危害-效益平衡可用。即使在没有有效治疗的严重情况下,也没有理由开一种没有被证明有效、会引起严重不良反应的药物。在临床试验中测试这些药物可能是可以接受的,但必须告知患者其危害-收益平衡的不确定性,并且试验设计必须相关。当没有能够改善预后或生活质量的治疗方法时,量身定制的支持性护理是最好的选择,除了安慰剂效应。
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引用次数: 0
Ciclosporin eye drops (Ikervis°) and dry eye syndrome. 环孢素滴眼液(Ikervis°)与干眼综合征。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-04-01
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引用次数: 0
Drug-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. 药物引起的后部可逆性脑病综合征。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-04-01

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a serious neurological disorder consisting of headache, visual disturbances, seizures, impaired consciousness and radiological evidence of poster- ior cerebral oedema. It is occasionally complicated by cerebral haemorrhage or ischaemia. The main known risk factors for PRES are hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, acute kid- ney injury and numerous drugs. The main drugs implicated are antineoplastics, in particular VEGF inhibitors, immunosuppressants, and drugs that can increase blood pressure or fluid and sodium retention. The disorders usually resolve without sequelae within days once the causal factor has been elim- inated.

后路可逆性脑病综合征(PRES)是一种严重的神经系统疾病,包括头痛、视觉障碍、癫痫发作、意识受损和后路脑水肿的放射学证据。偶尔并发脑出血或缺血。已知的PRES的主要危险因素有高血压、先兆子痫、子痫、急性肾损伤和多种药物。涉及的主要药物是抗肿瘤药物,特别是VEGF抑制剂、免疫抑制剂和可增加血压或液体和钠潴留的药物。一旦致病因素被消除,这些疾病通常在几天内消失,没有后遗症。
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引用次数: 0
Delamanid (Deltyba°) and multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Delamanid (Deltyba°)和耐多药肺结核。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-04-01
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引用次数: 0
Unborn children still exposed to NSAIDs. 未出生的孩子仍然暴露在非甾体抗炎药中。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-04-01
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引用次数: 0
Digoxin. 地高辛。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-04-01
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引用次数: 0
Secukinumab and psoriatic arthritis. Secukinumab和银屑病关节炎。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-03-01
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引用次数: 0
Secukinumab (Cosentyx°) and plaque psoriasis. Secukinumab (Cosentyx°)和斑块银屑病。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-03-01
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引用次数: 0
Drug-induced diarrhoea. 药物引起的腹泻。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-03-01
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引用次数: 0
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