Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.20998/0419-8719.2021.1.01
V. Malchevsky, R. Varbanets
The requirements of the International Maritime Organization, government environmental agencies and other non-governmental groups are aimed at reducing emissions of harmful substances into the environment during the operation of diesel engines. Among these substances, the most dangerous are sulfur oxide (SOx), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). In accordance with the specified requirements, there is an active transition to fuels with ultra-low sulfur content. The use of these fuels in marine diesel engines is associated with a number of difficulties, because these engines are usually designed for operation on fuels with high viscosity and lubricity. The viscosity values for ultra-low sulfur fuels are close to the permitted minimums for diesel engines at normal engine room temperature. The greatest difficulties occur when the viscosity values fall below the specific range when the fuel temperature before the engine increases. For reliable operation of the engine, the fuel temperature must be constantly maintained at a range in which the fuel viscosity will have the required values. For this purpose the engine design provides presence of fuel cooling system with a water cooler and a chiller for heat removal from water. In this paper the efficiency of chiller refrigeration plant was investigated using new perspective refrigerant mixtures R125/R290 and R134a/R290 as working fluids in comparison with basic R134a and R22. The values of composition for both mixtures are chosen such that they are closest to the azeotrope. It is possible for azeotrope mixtures to minimize the temperature difference between heat exchanging medias in condenser and evaporator of refrigeration plant. During the investigation it was revealed that the values of refrigeration coefficient of refrigerating plant when using mixtures as working fluids were somewhat lower when operating on R134a and R22. But the values of volumetric refrigeration capacity with mixtures as working fluids are significantly higher.
{"title":"RESEARCH OF THE EFFICIENCY OF MARINE DIESEL FUEL COOLING SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF NEW REFRIGERANTS","authors":"V. Malchevsky, R. Varbanets","doi":"10.20998/0419-8719.2021.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/0419-8719.2021.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"The requirements of the International Maritime Organization, government environmental agencies and other non-governmental groups are aimed at reducing emissions of harmful substances into the environment during the operation of diesel engines. Among these substances, the most dangerous are sulfur oxide (SOx), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). In accordance with the specified requirements, there is an active transition to fuels with ultra-low sulfur content. The use of these fuels in marine diesel engines is associated with a number of difficulties, because these engines are usually designed for operation on fuels with high viscosity and lubricity. The viscosity values for ultra-low sulfur fuels are close to the permitted minimums for diesel engines at normal engine room temperature. The greatest difficulties occur when the viscosity values fall below the specific range when the fuel temperature before the engine increases. For reliable operation of the engine, the fuel temperature must be constantly maintained at a range in which the fuel viscosity will have the required values. For this purpose the engine design provides presence of fuel cooling system with a water cooler and a chiller for heat removal from water. In this paper the efficiency of chiller refrigeration plant was investigated using new perspective refrigerant mixtures R125/R290 and R134a/R290 as working fluids in comparison with basic R134a and R22. The values of composition for both mixtures are chosen such that they are closest to the azeotrope. It is possible for azeotrope mixtures to minimize the temperature difference between heat exchanging medias in condenser and evaporator of refrigeration plant. During the investigation it was revealed that the values of refrigeration coefficient of refrigerating plant when using mixtures as working fluids were somewhat lower when operating on R134a and R22. But the values of volumetric refrigeration capacity with mixtures as working fluids are significantly higher.","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80651228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.20998/0419-8719.2021.2.09
А. Prokhorenko, S. Kravchenko, E. Solodkii
Combination of information and operational technologies has led to a new way of production, to a new technological revolution, known as Industry 4.0. The Digital Twin plays a central role in this technology. The Digital Twin is a predictive maintenance tool, and allows you to simulate various options for device failures taking into account their operation modes, environmental influences and various degrees of wear. The concept of creating a digital twin of a real physical object of research is proposed - an AJAX DPS-180 internal combustion engine with a gas piston compressor, which is designed to pump gas from gas wells. A feature of its work is autonomous long-term operation in the field with the remoteness of the service personnel, direct environmental impact and ensuring the reliability and stability of work. Therefore, monitoring the parameters of the engine with the subsequent prediction of its failures is especially important. The work on creating a digital twin for AJAX DPS-180 is being carried out in cooperation and with the support of Armco-Engineering, the operator of this equipment. Six stages of the process of creating a digital twin of a given object are shown: collection and preliminary processing of data on the technical state of a real object; early detection of malfunctions, predicting the time of failure; service planning; optimization of financial and time resources for service. Equipping a real object with various sensors made it possible to continuously collect data on its technical condition, and technologies of the industrial Internet of things, such as Big Data and the predictive statistical model, predict failure times with high accuracy. The developed and implemented schemes for equipping an object with data collection equipment and a diagram of the flow of this data in the Internet of Things are presented. The basis of the data collection system is a microcontroller, a set of a crankshaft speed sensor and thermocouples, a multiplexer and 16-bit analog-to-digital converters that convert thermo-EMF of thermocouples. At the moment, channels for measuring the speed, coolant and exhaust gas temperatures have been implemented. It is proposed to use the ThingSpeak server as a remote resource as a cloud aggregator and carrier of this data. The MATLAB mathematical package integrated into the resource is used as a data analyzer.
{"title":"DIGITAL TWIN OF GAS RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR UNIT: CONCEPT, ARCHITECTURE & PILOT IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"А. Prokhorenko, S. Kravchenko, E. Solodkii","doi":"10.20998/0419-8719.2021.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/0419-8719.2021.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"Combination of information and operational technologies has led to a new way of production, to a new technological revolution, known as Industry 4.0. The Digital Twin plays a central role in this technology. The Digital Twin is a predictive maintenance tool, and allows you to simulate various options for device failures taking into account their operation modes, environmental influences and various degrees of wear. The concept of creating a digital twin of a real physical object of research is proposed - an AJAX DPS-180 internal combustion engine with a gas piston compressor, which is designed to pump gas from gas wells. A feature of its work is autonomous long-term operation in the field with the remoteness of the service personnel, direct environmental impact and ensuring the reliability and stability of work. Therefore, monitoring the parameters of the engine with the subsequent prediction of its failures is especially important. The work on creating a digital twin for AJAX DPS-180 is being carried out in cooperation and with the support of Armco-Engineering, the operator of this equipment. \u0000Six stages of the process of creating a digital twin of a given object are shown: collection and preliminary processing of data on the technical state of a real object; early detection of malfunctions, predicting the time of failure; service planning; optimization of financial and time resources for service. Equipping a real object with various sensors made it possible to continuously collect data on its technical condition, and technologies of the industrial Internet of things, such as Big Data and the predictive statistical model, predict failure times with high accuracy. \u0000The developed and implemented schemes for equipping an object with data collection equipment and a diagram of the flow of this data in the Internet of Things are presented. The basis of the data collection system is a microcontroller, a set of a crankshaft speed sensor and thermocouples, a multiplexer and 16-bit analog-to-digital converters that convert thermo-EMF of thermocouples. At the moment, channels for measuring the speed, coolant and exhaust gas temperatures have been implemented. It is proposed to use the ThingSpeak server as a remote resource as a cloud aggregator and carrier of this data. The MATLAB mathematical package integrated into the resource is used as a data analyzer.","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79948296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.20998/0419-8719.2021.1.06
I. Parsadanov, A. Lal
Based on the analysis and synthesis of previously performed theoretical and practical studies, the paper proposes a concept of combustion process organization in a boxer two-stroke diesel engine at a high level of boosting. Such diesel engines are produced in Ukraine and are widely used in land, sea and rail transport, as diesel generator plants. The implementation of this concept will ensure the reduction of the thermal stress of the cylinder piston group for these diesel engines, while improving fuel efficiency. The features of the organization of the working process in a boxer two-stroke diesel engine are briefly considered. The contribution of Ukrainian, Russian and American scientists to the development and improvement of their mixing efficiency is noted. Following the purpose of the research, which determines the choice of directions for the development and implementation of technical solutions for the simultaneous reduction of fuel consumption and thermal tension of the cylinder-piston group when forcing a boxer two-stroke diesel engine, it is proposed to use the amount of released heat as a criterion for evaluating the quality of combustion. Based on the results of earlier studies, conceptual foundations for increasing the efficiency of the combustion process of a highly boosted boxer two-stroke diesel engine have been developed, which are directly related to the air supply, fuel supply, the rationale for choosing the shape of the combustion chamber are determined by the amount of heat released during combustion and the nature of its change in the crankshaft rotation angle.
{"title":"THE CONCEPT OF COMBUSTION PROCESS ORGANISATION IN A BOXER TWO-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE AT A HIGH LEVEL OF BOOSTING","authors":"I. Parsadanov, A. Lal","doi":"10.20998/0419-8719.2021.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/0419-8719.2021.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis and synthesis of previously performed theoretical and practical studies, the paper proposes a concept of combustion process organization in a boxer two-stroke diesel engine at a high level of boosting. Such diesel engines are produced in Ukraine and are widely used in land, sea and rail transport, as diesel generator plants. The implementation of this concept will ensure the reduction of the thermal stress of the cylinder piston group for these diesel engines, while improving fuel efficiency. \u0000The features of the organization of the working process in a boxer two-stroke diesel engine are briefly considered. The contribution of Ukrainian, Russian and American scientists to the development and improvement of their mixing efficiency is noted. \u0000Following the purpose of the research, which determines the choice of directions for the development and implementation of technical solutions for the simultaneous reduction of fuel consumption and thermal tension of the cylinder-piston group when forcing a boxer two-stroke diesel engine, it is proposed to use the amount of released heat as a criterion for evaluating the quality of combustion. \u0000Based on the results of earlier studies, conceptual foundations for increasing the efficiency of the combustion process of a highly boosted boxer two-stroke diesel engine have been developed, which are directly related to the air supply, fuel supply, the rationale for choosing the shape of the combustion chamber are determined by the amount of heat released during combustion and the nature of its change in the crankshaft rotation angle.","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88532174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-08DOI: 10.20998/0419-8719.2020.1.09
D. Minchev, O. A. Gogorenko
Transient operation of turbocharged diesel engines is affected by the thermal inertia of the cylinder parts, intake and exhaust manifolds. Because of thermal inertia the temperature of engine parts at steady operation fluctuates during the operating cycle near their average values in a relatively small range, but during transient operation it takes some time to warm or cool the engine parts. Thermal inertia is expressed in changes in fuel combustion, in-cylinder heat transfer and indicated efficiency of the cycle, and increase of general inertia of gas-turbine supercharging system, which determines the necessity to take into account this phenomenon when modeling unsteady engine operation. The conductance-capacitance model was proposed for online internal combustion engines operating cycle simulation tool Blitz-PRO to consider thermal inertia during engine’s transient process. The idea is to consider the heat capacity of engine parts during the heat transfer process, so they accumulate energy at warming and release it at cooling. Com-bined with equations of heat transfer and thermal conductivity it enables to calculate the change in the average temperatures during engine transient and consider the changes in the overall heat transfer process. The proposed method was tested by comparing the experimental data, obtained from the dyno test-bench based on modified KamAZ-740.10 diesel engine, and the results of modeling in Blitz-PRO. During the experiment, the instantaneous brake torque of the engine, crankshaft and turbocharger speed, supercharged air pressure and the pressure at the turbine’s inlet as well as the intake air mass flow were automatically measured during engine running. Calculations were executed for two setups: with the thermal inertia consideration and without it. As a result, it was found that the most influenced by thermal inertia is the supercharging system: by the 8th second of transient process the calculated supercharged air pressure without thermal inertia consideration is 19% greater, comparing to experimental data. The turbocharger’s rotor speed, intake air flow are influenced greatly too. Suggested method of thermal inertia assessment helps to provide much more accurate simulation of engine transient operation, especially in terms of turbocharging system behavior as it is shown.
{"title":"EFFECT OF THERMAL INERTIA ON DIESEL ENGINES TRANSIENT PERFORMANCE","authors":"D. Minchev, O. A. Gogorenko","doi":"10.20998/0419-8719.2020.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/0419-8719.2020.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"Transient operation of turbocharged diesel engines is affected by the thermal inertia of the cylinder parts, intake and exhaust manifolds. Because of thermal inertia the temperature of engine parts at steady operation fluctuates during the operating cycle near their average values in a relatively small range, but during transient operation it takes some time to warm or cool the engine parts. Thermal inertia is expressed in changes in fuel combustion, in-cylinder heat transfer and indicated efficiency of the cycle, and increase of general inertia of gas-turbine supercharging system, which determines the necessity to take into account this phenomenon when modeling unsteady engine operation. The conductance-capacitance model was proposed for online internal combustion engines operating cycle simulation tool Blitz-PRO to consider thermal inertia during engine’s transient process. The idea is to consider the heat capacity of engine parts during the heat transfer process, so they accumulate energy at warming and release it at cooling. Com-bined with equations of heat transfer and thermal conductivity it enables to calculate the change in the average temperatures during engine transient and consider the changes in the overall heat transfer process. The proposed method was tested by comparing the experimental data, obtained from the dyno test-bench based on modified KamAZ-740.10 diesel engine, and the results of modeling in Blitz-PRO. During the experiment, the instantaneous brake torque of the engine, crankshaft and turbocharger speed, supercharged air pressure and the pressure at the turbine’s inlet as well as the intake air mass flow were automatically measured during engine running. Calculations were executed for two setups: with the thermal inertia consideration and without it. As a result, it was found that the most influenced by thermal inertia is the supercharging system: by the 8th second of transient process the calculated supercharged air pressure without thermal inertia consideration is 19% greater, comparing to experimental data. The turbocharger’s rotor speed, intake air flow are influenced greatly too. Suggested method of thermal inertia assessment helps to provide much more accurate simulation of engine transient operation, especially in terms of turbocharging system behavior as it is shown.","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84934266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119454564.app6
{"title":"Computer Programs","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119454564.app6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119454564.app6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84592736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119454564.ch2
{"title":"Ideal Gas Engine Cycles","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119454564.ch2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119454564.ch2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80333944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119454564.app1
{"title":"Conversion Factors and Physical Constants","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119454564.app1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119454564.app1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77799045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119454564.ch5
{"title":"Intake and Exhaust Flow","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119454564.ch5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119454564.ch5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79791740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-04DOI: 10.1002/9781119454564.ch3
{"title":"Thermodynamic Properties of Fuel–Air Mixtures","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119454564.ch3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119454564.ch3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79053553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermodynamics of Combustion","authors":"Dr. Md. Zahurul Haq","doi":"10.1201/b11548-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/b11548-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35991,"journal":{"name":"Neiranji Xuebao/Transactions of CSICE (Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engines)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74658664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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