Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.206576
P. Survashe, S. Guthe, V. Velho, A. Bhide
Intracranial dermoid cysts are nonneoplastic, ectodermal inclusion cysts of embryological origin. They contain various ectodermal derivatives including apocrine glands, sebaceous glands, hairs, squamous epithelium, and occasionally teeth. Spontaneous rupture of these cysts is uncommon, and so far very few cases have been reported in the literature. Hereby, we report a case of young male presenting with ruptured intracranial dermoid cyst managed surgically.
{"title":"Ruptured intracranial dermoid: Case report and literature review","authors":"P. Survashe, S. Guthe, V. Velho, A. Bhide","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.206576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.206576","url":null,"abstract":"Intracranial dermoid cysts are nonneoplastic, ectodermal inclusion cysts of embryological origin. They contain various ectodermal derivatives including apocrine glands, sebaceous glands, hairs, squamous epithelium, and occasionally teeth. Spontaneous rupture of these cysts is uncommon, and so far very few cases have been reported in the literature. Hereby, we report a case of young male presenting with ruptured intracranial dermoid cyst managed surgically.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46443493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.206573
Raghavendra Vagyannavar, R. Devi
Anesthesia for emergency cesarean section for the pregnancy with kyphoscoliosis is associated with potential risks for both mother and fetus due to alterations in maternal physiology and the pathological changes seen in kyphoscoliosis. The anesthetic management must include the well-being of both mother and fetus. The need of anesthesia for delivery in pregnant women with kyphoscoliosis is more than the normal parturient. We report the case of a 23-year-old female, full-term primigravida with kyphoscoliosis who was posted for emergency caesarean section. The anesthetic management of this patient is presented here.
{"title":"A case report of emergency cesarean section in parturient with kyphoscoliosis","authors":"Raghavendra Vagyannavar, R. Devi","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.206573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.206573","url":null,"abstract":"Anesthesia for emergency cesarean section for the pregnancy with kyphoscoliosis is associated with potential risks for both mother and fetus due to alterations in maternal physiology and the pathological changes seen in kyphoscoliosis. The anesthetic management must include the well-being of both mother and fetus. The need of anesthesia for delivery in pregnant women with kyphoscoliosis is more than the normal parturient. We report the case of a 23-year-old female, full-term primigravida with kyphoscoliosis who was posted for emergency caesarean section. The anesthetic management of this patient is presented here.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42558575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.206569
S. Pawar, Poonam Thakur, B. Radhe, H. Jadhav, Vivek Behere, Vikrant Pagar
Context: The World Health Organization report suggests that over 19% of the world's diabetic population currently resides in India. Unfortunately, >50% of the diabetics in India are unaware about their diabetic status. In the poor income country like India, it is essential to use cost-effective methods for screening for diabetes, and traditionally using three classical symptoms and Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) tool is helpful but, data regarding their diagnostic accuracy is very less. Objective: (1) To assess the diagnostic accuracy of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and IDRS for detecting diabetes. Settings and Design: Six hundred and seventy-seven adult individuals >20 years of age were screened for diabetes and assessed polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and IDRS score. All were subjected for postprandial blood glucose level. Subjects and Methods: For diagnostic accuracy sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, likelihood ratios (LRs, for positive and negative tests), and accuracy was calculated for each symptom. Similarly, by receiver operative curve (ROC) curve analysis, we carried out sensitivity and specificity of IDRS. Results: There was statistically significant association between these three classical symptoms and diabetes status of individuals. When present, all these three symptoms carried 7.34% sensitivity and 98.42% specificity with positive predictive value 47.06% and NPV 84.70%, LR+4.36, LR−0.94 with accuracy of 85%. The optimum cutoff value of IDRS score was >50, which carried sensitivity 73%, specificity 58.7%, and area under curve for ROC was 68% (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study has shown highest specificity for these three classical symptoms in diagnosing diabetes, but these symptoms were insensitive to detect all diabetic subjects.
{"title":"The accuracy of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and Indian Diabetes Risk Score in adults screened for diabetes mellitus type-II","authors":"S. Pawar, Poonam Thakur, B. Radhe, H. Jadhav, Vivek Behere, Vikrant Pagar","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.206569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.206569","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The World Health Organization report suggests that over 19% of the world's diabetic population currently resides in India. Unfortunately, >50% of the diabetics in India are unaware about their diabetic status. In the poor income country like India, it is essential to use cost-effective methods for screening for diabetes, and traditionally using three classical symptoms and Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) tool is helpful but, data regarding their diagnostic accuracy is very less. Objective: (1) To assess the diagnostic accuracy of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and IDRS for detecting diabetes. Settings and Design: Six hundred and seventy-seven adult individuals >20 years of age were screened for diabetes and assessed polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and IDRS score. All were subjected for postprandial blood glucose level. Subjects and Methods: For diagnostic accuracy sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, likelihood ratios (LRs, for positive and negative tests), and accuracy was calculated for each symptom. Similarly, by receiver operative curve (ROC) curve analysis, we carried out sensitivity and specificity of IDRS. Results: There was statistically significant association between these three classical symptoms and diabetes status of individuals. When present, all these three symptoms carried 7.34% sensitivity and 98.42% specificity with positive predictive value 47.06% and NPV 84.70%, LR+4.36, LR−0.94 with accuracy of 85%. The optimum cutoff value of IDRS score was >50, which carried sensitivity 73%, specificity 58.7%, and area under curve for ROC was 68% (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study has shown highest specificity for these three classical symptoms in diagnosing diabetes, but these symptoms were insensitive to detect all diabetic subjects.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"263-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47370988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.206579
Rahul K Shingadiya, Suhas A. Chaudhary, Krutika Joshi, P. Bedarkar, B. Patgiri, P. Prajapati
Background: Safety and efficacy of herbo- metallic or mineral formulations in Ayurvedic therapeutics is subject of great concern in present era. Especially in paediatrics in which, a number of herbo-metallic formulations are found in practice for prevention as well as for the treatment of paediatric disorders. Among various herbo-metallic preparations mentioned in Ayurveda, gold, iron and mercurial formulations are more popular in paediatric practices. Present study has been conducted to highlight an evidence based safety and efficacy of metallic preparations in paediatrics. Material and Method: Subject related published research articles from reputed journals were searched through four online search engines Pubmed, Google scholar and Ayush research portal and DHARA online. The data of the articles were analysed to confirm their safety and efficacy in paediatrics. Results: Total 10 clinical studies showing safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic herbo-metallic preparations in paediatric disorders were compiled, which included 3 formulations of gold, 4 of iron and 3 mercurial formulations. Children suffering from Chronic tonsillitis, Iron deficiency anaemia, Sickle cell anaemia and Bronchial asthma were treated with significant effect and positive changes in haematological parameters. No any adverse or toxic effect of any of these formulations was noticed. Conclusion: Metallic preparations of gold, iron and mercury are found quite safe to the use in pediatric disorders with proper dose and adjuvant. They are also found effective in the diseases which are chronic and diffi cult to treat such as sickle cell anemia, seizure, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
{"title":"Evidence-based safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic herbo-metallic preparations containing gold, iron, and mercury with special reference to pediatrics","authors":"Rahul K Shingadiya, Suhas A. Chaudhary, Krutika Joshi, P. Bedarkar, B. Patgiri, P. Prajapati","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.206579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.206579","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Safety and efficacy of herbo- metallic or mineral formulations in Ayurvedic therapeutics is subject of great concern in present era. Especially in paediatrics in which, a number of herbo-metallic formulations are found in practice for prevention as well as for the treatment of paediatric disorders. Among various herbo-metallic preparations mentioned in Ayurveda, gold, iron and mercurial formulations are more popular in paediatric practices. Present study has been conducted to highlight an evidence based safety and efficacy of metallic preparations in paediatrics. Material and Method: Subject related published research articles from reputed journals were searched through four online search engines Pubmed, Google scholar and Ayush research portal and DHARA online. The data of the articles were analysed to confirm their safety and efficacy in paediatrics. Results: Total 10 clinical studies showing safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic herbo-metallic preparations in paediatric disorders were compiled, which included 3 formulations of gold, 4 of iron and 3 mercurial formulations. Children suffering from Chronic tonsillitis, Iron deficiency anaemia, Sickle cell anaemia and Bronchial asthma were treated with significant effect and positive changes in haematological parameters. No any adverse or toxic effect of any of these formulations was noticed. Conclusion: Metallic preparations of gold, iron and mercury are found quite safe to the use in pediatric disorders with proper dose and adjuvant. They are also found effective in the diseases which are chronic and diffi cult to treat such as sickle cell anemia, seizure, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45664351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/MJDRDYPU.MJDRDYPU_196_16
H. Handa, A. Deshpande, S. Punyani
Pain in facial region originating from both temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and jaw muscles is a common clinical problem and is a diagnostic dilemma till today. There are many synonyms for this condition including myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome, mandibular dysfunction syndrome, and the TMJ dysfunction syndrome. With change in time, advances and new diagnostic criteria have been made in the diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome, its epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and etiopathogenesis, but many unknowns remain. An integrated hypothesis has provided a greater understanding of the physiopathology of trigger points, which may allow the development of new diagnostic criteria and treatment of this chronic disease and combined pharmacological as well as physical therapy for the management of the disease. The purpose of this paper is to describe the multidisciplinary approach highlighting the effect of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of a 60-year-old female who suffered from myofascial pain and 5-day TENS therapy for management of pain.
{"title":"Value of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in the treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome","authors":"H. Handa, A. Deshpande, S. Punyani","doi":"10.4103/MJDRDYPU.MJDRDYPU_196_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJDRDYPU.MJDRDYPU_196_16","url":null,"abstract":"Pain in facial region originating from both temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and jaw muscles is a common clinical problem and is a diagnostic dilemma till today. There are many synonyms for this condition including myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome, mandibular dysfunction syndrome, and the TMJ dysfunction syndrome. With change in time, advances and new diagnostic criteria have been made in the diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome, its epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and etiopathogenesis, but many unknowns remain. An integrated hypothesis has provided a greater understanding of the physiopathology of trigger points, which may allow the development of new diagnostic criteria and treatment of this chronic disease and combined pharmacological as well as physical therapy for the management of the disease. The purpose of this paper is to describe the multidisciplinary approach highlighting the effect of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of a 60-year-old female who suffered from myofascial pain and 5-day TENS therapy for management of pain.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45528479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/MJDRDYPU.MJDRDYPU_298_16
N. Jimam, B. Joseph, Dooshima C Agba
Background: Due to increased health consciousness among the public, the use of herbal products are on the increase on a daily basis. To achieve optimal benefits, there is a need for pharmacists who are the custodians of knowledge on drugs and drugs-related products to have more understanding and interest in herbal medicine for effective counseling on the products. The purpose of this study was to assess Pharmacists' knowledge and perceptions regarding herbal medicine use. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were administered to 200 pharmacists working within the study areas to fill; after which the collected data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS software programmer, version 20. Results: Only 88.5% of the respondents responded on the questionnaires, and their mean age was 34 years; median year of experience in practice was 8.2 years; and their areas of practice included hospital (56.1%), community (28.1%), academic (8.47%), and industries (4.52%). More than half (76.27%) of them believed that herbal products were more efficacious and safer (61.02%) than orthodox medicines; with almost all of them (94.92%) acknowledging the beneficial effects of incorporating herbal medicines into orthodox medicine practice. However, most of them (72.88%) confessed having little knowledge on herbal remedies, especially drug-herbs interactions (81.36%), and their main source of information on herbs was from school (56.50%). Conclusions: The result showed poor level of pharmacists' knowledge on herbal medicine; which might result in poor patients' counseling on herbal therapy, especially regarding their safety and potential interaction with orthodox medicine.
{"title":"Pharmacists' knowledge and perceptions about herbal medicines: A case study of Jos and environs","authors":"N. Jimam, B. Joseph, Dooshima C Agba","doi":"10.4103/MJDRDYPU.MJDRDYPU_298_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJDRDYPU.MJDRDYPU_298_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to increased health consciousness among the public, the use of herbal products are on the increase on a daily basis. To achieve optimal benefits, there is a need for pharmacists who are the custodians of knowledge on drugs and drugs-related products to have more understanding and interest in herbal medicine for effective counseling on the products. The purpose of this study was to assess Pharmacists' knowledge and perceptions regarding herbal medicine use. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were administered to 200 pharmacists working within the study areas to fill; after which the collected data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS software programmer, version 20. Results: Only 88.5% of the respondents responded on the questionnaires, and their mean age was 34 years; median year of experience in practice was 8.2 years; and their areas of practice included hospital (56.1%), community (28.1%), academic (8.47%), and industries (4.52%). More than half (76.27%) of them believed that herbal products were more efficacious and safer (61.02%) than orthodox medicines; with almost all of them (94.92%) acknowledging the beneficial effects of incorporating herbal medicines into orthodox medicine practice. However, most of them (72.88%) confessed having little knowledge on herbal remedies, especially drug-herbs interactions (81.36%), and their main source of information on herbs was from school (56.50%). Conclusions: The result showed poor level of pharmacists' knowledge on herbal medicine; which might result in poor patients' counseling on herbal therapy, especially regarding their safety and potential interaction with orthodox medicine.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44628988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.206580
S. Parikh, I. Shah, S. Bhatnagar
Hepatitis A is a common cause of acute hepatitis in children and usually has a benign self-limiting course, moreover so in young children. We report two exceptional cases of erosive gastritis and acute respiratory distress syndrome, respectively, as rare associations of hepatitis A in children. Both children were <5 years of age and eventually recovered.
{"title":"Uncommon associations of Hepatitis A in children: Acute respiratory distress syndrome and erosive gastritis","authors":"S. Parikh, I. Shah, S. Bhatnagar","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.206580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.206580","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis A is a common cause of acute hepatitis in children and usually has a benign self-limiting course, moreover so in young children. We report two exceptional cases of erosive gastritis and acute respiratory distress syndrome, respectively, as rare associations of hepatitis A in children. Both children were <5 years of age and eventually recovered.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45495738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.202103
Gourav Chandravanshi, K. Sharma, C. Jilowa, P. Meena, M. Jain, O. Prakash
Background: Intellectual disability (ID) is a permanent and highly disabling condition. The birth of a disabled child induces complex feelings in mother and other family members. This study was planned to investigate phenomenology of ID and the prevalence of depression in their mothers. Objective: To find prevalence, influence of various sociodemographic variables, and its clinical correlation with depression in mothers of ID children. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients diagnosed as ID were included in the study. Objective data were collected in a special Pro forma, and mothers of these patients were evaluated with the Beck's Anxiety Inventory and Beck's Depression Inventory. Results: The mean age of patients with ID was 11.52 years, had received an average of 3.01 years of schooling, mean age at diagnosis was 6.01 years, mean intelligence quotient was 45.17, and 79% had significant comorbidities. The prevalence of depression in mothers was 79%; it was more in mothers of female ID child, ID child with significant comorbidities, severer forms of retardation, and with higher levels of anxiety in the mother. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in mothers of ID children in the present study seems to be much greater than those reported from the previous studies. The determination of predictors of depression among mothers of ID children may help health professionals in identifying mothers at risk. Regular screening of mothers of ID children should be included in the protocol for management.
{"title":"Prevalence of depression in mothers of intellectually disabled children: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Gourav Chandravanshi, K. Sharma, C. Jilowa, P. Meena, M. Jain, O. Prakash","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.202103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.202103","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intellectual disability (ID) is a permanent and highly disabling condition. The birth of a disabled child induces complex feelings in mother and other family members. This study was planned to investigate phenomenology of ID and the prevalence of depression in their mothers. Objective: To find prevalence, influence of various sociodemographic variables, and its clinical correlation with depression in mothers of ID children. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients diagnosed as ID were included in the study. Objective data were collected in a special Pro forma, and mothers of these patients were evaluated with the Beck's Anxiety Inventory and Beck's Depression Inventory. Results: The mean age of patients with ID was 11.52 years, had received an average of 3.01 years of schooling, mean age at diagnosis was 6.01 years, mean intelligence quotient was 45.17, and 79% had significant comorbidities. The prevalence of depression in mothers was 79%; it was more in mothers of female ID child, ID child with significant comorbidities, severer forms of retardation, and with higher levels of anxiety in the mother. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in mothers of ID children in the present study seems to be much greater than those reported from the previous studies. The determination of predictors of depression among mothers of ID children may help health professionals in identifying mothers at risk. Regular screening of mothers of ID children should be included in the protocol for management.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49436792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.202099
V. Moleyar, A. Bhat, Y. Madhusudan, D. Harsha
In severe pneumonia, dyspnea occurs due to hypoxia. Usually, in pneumonia, dyspnea is proportional to the extent of lung parenchymal lesion. When a patient with pneumonia presents with disproportionate dyspnea, other causes for dyspnea should be evaluated. Here, we present a 48-year-old female with pneumonia, found to have disproportionate dyspnea. Her hypoxia did not improve despite adequate antibiotic and oxygen therapy. On further enquiry, she admitted taking dapsone for leprosy. She had saturation gap diagnostic of methemoglobinemia. Diagnosis was confirmed by estimation of methemoglobin level in blood. She was treated with intravenous methylene blue and recovered. When a patient has disproportionate dyspnea, methemoglobinemia should be considered as a differential diagnosis.
{"title":"Disproportionate dyspnea in a patient with pneumonia","authors":"V. Moleyar, A. Bhat, Y. Madhusudan, D. Harsha","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.202099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.202099","url":null,"abstract":"In severe pneumonia, dyspnea occurs due to hypoxia. Usually, in pneumonia, dyspnea is proportional to the extent of lung parenchymal lesion. When a patient with pneumonia presents with disproportionate dyspnea, other causes for dyspnea should be evaluated. Here, we present a 48-year-old female with pneumonia, found to have disproportionate dyspnea. Her hypoxia did not improve despite adequate antibiotic and oxygen therapy. On further enquiry, she admitted taking dapsone for leprosy. She had saturation gap diagnostic of methemoglobinemia. Diagnosis was confirmed by estimation of methemoglobin level in blood. She was treated with intravenous methylene blue and recovered. When a patient has disproportionate dyspnea, methemoglobinemia should be considered as a differential diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44809132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.202097
S. Badge, A. Ovhal, K. Azad, Avinash T Meshram
Aims and Objectives: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as the first line of investigation has assumed importance in diagnosing a variety of disease processes as it is rapid, simple, reliable, minimally invasive, and cost-effective procedure which can be used in outpatient setting. Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common clinical presentations of patients attending the outpatient department. This study was performed to find out the pattern of diseases in lymph node in the rural area of Bastar District of Chhattisgarh State. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 310 cases of lymphadenopathy presenting to the Department of Pathology for 2 years from January 2014 to December 2015 was taken up for our study. FNAC was performed using a 22–24-gauge needle and 10 ml syringe. Two of the prepared smears were fixed in alcohol and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Papanicolaou stain. Two smears were air-dried, one was stained with Leishman stain and the other kept unstained to be used for Ziehl–Neelsen staining whenever a cytological diagnosis of granulomatous disease was made and also in cases with abundant necrosis and suppuration. Results: Most common lesion found in our study was tubercular lymphadenitis, followed by granulomatous lymphadenitis and reactive hyperplasia. Conclusion: Our study highlighted the various cytomorphological patterns of lymphadenopathy and revealed a huge burden of tuberculous lymphadenitis in this region.
{"title":"Study of fine-needle aspiration cytology of lymph node in rural area of Bastar District, Chhattisgarh","authors":"S. Badge, A. Ovhal, K. Azad, Avinash T Meshram","doi":"10.4103/0975-2870.202097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-2870.202097","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as the first line of investigation has assumed importance in diagnosing a variety of disease processes as it is rapid, simple, reliable, minimally invasive, and cost-effective procedure which can be used in outpatient setting. Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common clinical presentations of patients attending the outpatient department. This study was performed to find out the pattern of diseases in lymph node in the rural area of Bastar District of Chhattisgarh State. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 310 cases of lymphadenopathy presenting to the Department of Pathology for 2 years from January 2014 to December 2015 was taken up for our study. FNAC was performed using a 22–24-gauge needle and 10 ml syringe. Two of the prepared smears were fixed in alcohol and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Papanicolaou stain. Two smears were air-dried, one was stained with Leishman stain and the other kept unstained to be used for Ziehl–Neelsen staining whenever a cytological diagnosis of granulomatous disease was made and also in cases with abundant necrosis and suppuration. Results: Most common lesion found in our study was tubercular lymphadenitis, followed by granulomatous lymphadenitis and reactive hyperplasia. Conclusion: Our study highlighted the various cytomorphological patterns of lymphadenopathy and revealed a huge burden of tuberculous lymphadenitis in this region.","PeriodicalId":36033,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University","volume":"10 1","pages":"143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41624678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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