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Developing a model of psychological well-being in elderly based on life expectancy through mediation of death anxiety 通过死亡焦虑的调解,建立基于预期寿命的老年人心理健康模型
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.29252/ijhehp.8.3.283
Nasrin Bakhshi, Sara Pashang, N. Jafari, Shoreh Ghorban-Shiroudi, Toniau
Nasrin Bakhshi, Sara Pashang *, Nematullah Jaafari, Shohreh Ghorban Shiroudi Purpose: Psychological well-being in the sense that positive health is something beyond the absence of disease that is present throughout life, especially in old age. The aim of this study is to predict the psychological well-being of the elderly based on self-perception and death anxiety. Materials and Methodology: The research method is correlational and structural modeling equation. The statistical population of this study included all the elderly hospitalized in the sanatorium and the elderly at home in Tehran in 2019. The sample included 400 elderly people selected by cluster sampling. In this way, among the elderly care centers and neighborhood house, 10 centers were selected randomly from districts 2, 3 and 5 in Tehran and then 40 elderly people were randomly selected from each center 400 elderly in total. Research instruments included Ryff Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (1989), Templer Death Anxiety Scale (1970) and Snyder Hope Scale (1991). The research data were analyzed by regression method. Findings: The results of the conceptual model test showed that physical and spiritual factors have a significant positive relationship with psychological well-being, and the positiveness of these coefficients actually shows that with the increase of these factors, the level of psychological well-being increases. Death anxiety also has a significant negative relationship with psychological well-being. Was approved (p <0.05, β = -0.39). Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated that the conceptual model of the research was appropriate. Therefore, in elderly care centers, it is necessary to pay attention to the antecedents of hope and death anxiety in order to increase the level of psychological well-being and Improving the health of the elderly
Nasrin Bakhshi, Sara Pashang *, Nematullah Jaafari, Shohreh Ghorban Shiroudi目的:心理健康,从某种意义上说,积极的健康是一种超越生命中没有疾病的东西,尤其是在老年时期。本研究的目的是预测老年人的心理健康基于自我知觉和死亡焦虑。材料与方法:研究方法为相关和结构建模方程。本研究的统计人群包括2019年德黑兰所有在疗养院住院的老年人和在家的老年人。样本采用整群抽样法抽取400名老年人。这样,在老年护理中心和邻里之家中,在德黑兰的2区、3区和5区随机抽取10个中心,然后从每个中心随机抽取40名老人,共400名老人。研究工具包括Ryff心理健康问卷(1989)、Templer死亡焦虑量表(1970)和Snyder希望量表(1991)。采用回归分析方法对研究数据进行分析。结果发现:概念模型检验结果显示,身心因素与心理幸福感存在显著正相关关系,这些系数的正性实际上表明,随着身心因素的增加,心理幸福感水平也相应提高。死亡焦虑也与心理健康呈显著负相关。被批准(p <0.05, β = -0.39)。结论:研究结果表明,本研究的概念模型是合适的。因此,在老年护理中心,有必要注意希望和死亡焦虑的前因由,以提高老年人的心理健康水平,改善老年人的健康状况
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引用次数: 4
The Role of Using Smartphones on Depression Rate in Retired Elderly 使用智能手机对退休老人抑郁率的影响
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.29252/ijhehp.8.3.240
Nooshin Yoshany, S. Mazloomy-Mahmoodabad, H. Mihanpour, Somayeh-sadat Seyed-khameshi, S. Gerayllo, Asghar Nabil
Background and Objective: Aging period is associated with potential threats such as loneliness and isolation. One of the most common mental disorders in the elderly is cognitive disorders and depression. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of smartphones use in depression in the retired elderly people of Yazd. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 408 elderly people who were covered by the retirement center of Yazd province in 2018. The samples were selected through random sampling method. The questionnaires included demographic characteristics, internet usage, and GDS (Depression Scale). After data collection, analysis was performed using SPSS software version 18 and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square. Results: 74.1% (74 people) of the elderly who used the Internet had no depression and 38.4% (60 people) of the elderly reported the reason for using the mobile phone is obtaining information and severe depression in this group was less than the other group (8.3% including 5 people). Mean depression score by gender (p = 0.046), marital status, education, income, lifestyle (p≤0.001), and reason for internet use (p = 0.043) were significantly different in the two groups of Smartphone and non-Smartphone users. Conclusion: Given the results and the positive role of smart phones in reducing depression in the elderly, programs for the elderly need to be designed through social networks. Using the Internet and social networks can help increase the respect and confidence of older people at community level, and isolate and loneliness caused by child marriage, death of a partner, and physical and mental disabilities can be Reduced by using a Smartphone and improved the mental health of the elderly, also through proper policymaking and activation of support systems to improve their well-being, efforts can be made to achieve a favorable period for them.
背景与目的:老年期与孤独、孤立等潜在威胁相关。老年人最常见的精神障碍之一是认知障碍和抑郁症。因此,本研究的目的是调查智能手机使用在亚兹德退休老年人抑郁中的作用。材料与方法:对2018年亚兹德省退休中心纳入的408名老年人进行横断面研究。采用随机抽样方法选取样本。问卷内容包括人口统计学特征、网络使用情况和抑郁量表。收集数据后,采用SPSS软件18版,Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis和卡方进行分析。结果:74.1%(74人)的使用互联网的老年人没有抑郁症状,38.4%(60人)的老年人表示使用手机的原因是获取信息,重度抑郁症状低于另一组(8.3%(5人))。在智能手机和非智能手机两组中,性别(p = 0.046)、婚姻状况、教育程度、收入、生活方式(p≤0.001)和上网原因(p = 0.043)的平均抑郁评分差异有统计学意义。结论:鉴于研究结果以及智能手机在减少老年人抑郁方面的积极作用,需要通过社交网络设计针对老年人的方案。使用互联网和社交网络有助于增加老年人在社区层面的尊重和信心,使用智能手机可以减少因童婚、伴侣死亡和身心残疾造成的孤立和孤独,并改善老年人的心理健康,还可以通过适当的政策制定和激活支持系统来改善他们的福祉,努力为他们争取一个有利的时期。
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引用次数: 2
The effect of educational interventions based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on puberty health behaviors in Tehran’s female elementary students, 2019. 基于健康信念模型(HBM)的教育干预对德黑兰女小学生青春期健康行为的影响,2019
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-10 DOI: 10.29252/ijhehp.8.2.142
Z. Kazemi, D. Shojaeezadeh, Z. Jalili
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引用次数: 4
The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment education on improving the mental health and quality of life of elderly people with cancer 接受与承诺教育对改善老年癌症患者心理健康和生活质量的效果
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.29252/ijhehp.8.2.160
Z. Hashemi, A. Afshari, Sanaz Einy
Background and Objective: Aging is a critical period of life and attention to the issues and needs of this stage is a social necessity. In recent years, aging has become one of the most important public health issues. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on improving quality of life in elderly with cancer. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design. In this study, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling. Quality of life questionnaire and mental health questionnaire were used for data collection. After pre-test, the study sample received 8 training sessions. Analysis of the results of covariance analysis was performed in spss23 software. Results: The results showed that treatment of admission and commitment in elderly people significantly increased in comparison with the control group, quality of life and its dimensions (physical, psychological, environmental and social dimensions) (p <0.05). The treatment also significantly increased mental health in the elderly (p <0/05). Conclusion: The results showed that acceptance and commitment training led to an increase in quality of life. Therefore, given the increasing population of elderly in developing societies including Iran and the need to pay attention to the physical and psychological health of this population, this training can be used to improve the quality of life of the elderly.
背景与目的:老龄化是人生的关键时期,关注这一阶段的问题和需求是社会的必然。近年来,老龄化已成为最重要的公共卫生问题之一。因此,本研究的主要目的是确定接受与承诺治疗对改善老年癌症患者生活质量的有效性。材料与方法:本研究为准实验研究,采用前测后测设计。本研究采用方便抽样法选取30人。采用生活质量问卷和心理健康问卷进行数据收集。预测后,研究样本接受8次训练。协方差分析结果在spss23软件中进行分析。结果:结果显示,与对照组相比,治疗组老年人入院和承诺的治疗、生活质量及其维度(生理、心理、环境和社会维度)均显著增加(p <0.05)。治疗还显著提高了老年人的心理健康水平(p <0/05)。结论:接受和承诺训练可提高患者的生活质量。因此,考虑到包括伊朗在内的发展中社会的老年人口不断增加,以及需要关注这些人口的身心健康,这种培训可用于提高老年人的生活质量。
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引用次数: 10
The Role of Time Perspective and Peer Rejection in Predicting High-Risk Behaviors of Adolescents of Yazd City 时间视角和同伴排斥对亚兹德市青少年高危行为的预测作用
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.29252/ijhehp.8.2.129
Z. Tajabadi, F. Dehghani, Maryam Saehzadeh
Background and Objective: Today, high risk behaviors in adolescents have become one of the most important concerns of society which are influenced by various factors. Time perspective is how one perceives or evaluates past, present, and future that greatly influences on its decisions. Peer rejection is also one of the variables that has received special attention in the area of adolescent behaviors. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of time perspective and peer rejection in predicting high-risk behaviors of adolescents of Yazd city. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive cross-sectional. Statistical population consisted of adolescents aged 15-17 that from them 378 persons were selected using quota sampling method. The tool used in this study was Time Perspective Questionnaire, Iranian Adolescents Risk-Taking Scale, and Peer Rejection Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results: The results of regression analysis showed that in girls, among the dimensions of the time perspective, only the past negative dimension (p=0.03) could predict high-risk behaviors and in boys the past negative (p=0.001), past positive (p=0.04) and present fatalistic (p=0.006) are predictors of high-risk behaviors. Peer rejection was not able to predict high-risk behaviors in any of the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings, time perspective is one of the factors affecting the high-risk behaviors of adolescents. Therefore, psychological education based on time perspective can be effective on high-risk behaviors.
背景与目的:青少年高危行为受到多种因素的影响,已成为当今社会关注的焦点之一。时间观是一个人如何看待或评估过去、现在和未来,对其决策有很大影响。同伴排斥也是青少年行为领域中受到特别关注的变量之一。因此,本研究旨在探讨时间视角和同伴拒绝对亚兹德市青少年高危行为的预测作用。材料与方法:本研究为描述性横断面研究。统计人群为15-17岁的青少年,采用定额抽样法抽取378人。本研究使用的工具是时间透视问卷、伊朗青少年冒险量表和同伴拒绝问卷。采用Pearson相关检验和多元回归分析等描述性统计和推断性统计进行数据分析。结果:回归分析结果显示,女孩在时间视角维度中,只有“过去消极”维度(p=0.03)能预测高危行为,男孩“过去消极”维度(p=0.001)、“过去积极”维度(p=0.04)和“现在宿命”维度(p=0.006)能预测高危行为。同伴排斥不能预测任何组的高危行为(p>0.05)。结论:时间观是影响青少年高危行为的因素之一。因此,基于时间视角的心理教育对高危行为是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
The Relationship Between the Concepts of Hope and Happiness in Students 学生希望观念与幸福观念的关系
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.29252/ijhehp.8.2.107
L. Ghahremani, Hadi Tehrani, A. Rajabi, A. Jafari
Background and Objectives: Happiness and hope are two concepts that affect students' mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the concept of hope and happiness in students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 students in school of health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was Snyder's Hope and MUNSH 's Happiness Questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using descriptive and analytical tests including ANOVA, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: In this study, the mean (±SD) of happiness and hope scores were 4.50 (+0.78) and 24.52 (+0.66) respectively. There was a significant relationship between age (P=0.001) and gender (P=0.008) variables with hope scale. Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, there was a significant correlation between hope and sub-scales of happiness (Positive affect, negative affect, Positive experience, negative experience) (P<0.001). Results of linear regression analysis showed that, demographic variables, happiness scale and its sub-scales, were able to predict 28.8% of the variations of hope (P<0.001). Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary that the predisposing factors create psychological problems such as disappointment and depression and etc., identified in students and appropriate educational and counseling programs are being designed and implemented.
背景与目的:幸福和希望是影响学生心理健康的两个概念。本研究的目的是确定学生的希望概念与幸福之间的关系。材料与方法:对设拉子医科大学卫生学院250名学生进行横断面研究。数据收集工具是Snyder's Hope和MUNSH 's Happiness questionnaire。数据采用SPSS version 22进行描述性和分析性检验,包括方差分析、独立样本t检验、Pearson相关和线性回归。结果:本研究幸福感和希望得分的平均值(±SD)分别为4.50(+0.78)和24.52(+0.66)。年龄变量(P=0.001)和性别变量(P=0.008)与希望量表存在显著相关。根据Pearson相关系数,希望与幸福的子量表(积极影响、消极影响、积极体验、消极体验)存在显著相关(P<0.001)。线性回归分析结果显示,人口学变量幸福量表及其子量表能够预测28.8%的希望变化(P<0.001)。结论:因此,有必要确定学生产生失望、抑郁等心理问题的诱发因素,并设计和实施适当的教育和咨询方案。
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引用次数: 5
Factors Affecting for Lifestyle Adoption in Patients with Myocardial Infarction 影响心肌梗死患者生活方式采用的因素
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-04-21 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-20017/v1
H. Mohsenipouya, Y. Jannati, A. Ghaemian, J. Yazdani-charati
BackgroundEpidemiological transition of acute and infectious diseases to non-communicable ones, aging population, together with rapid lifestyle changes all have given rise to prevalence rate of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Thus, it is of utmost importance to reflect on lifestyles especially in this period. The main purpose of this study was to assess lifestyle in patients affected with myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsThis cross-sectional study was examining health-related lifestyle behaviors in patients with MI in 2019. To this end, a total number of 176 patients were selected using purposive and convenience sampling methods. The research instrument was also the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) as a standardized self-report questionnaire. To analyze the data, the IBM SPSS Statistics software (version 22) software and the generalized linear models were used. Moreover, the level of significance was set at 0.05 in this study.ResultsThe results of Wilks’ lambda distribution revealed that the effect of gender on the linear combination of the dependent variable (i.e. lifestyle) was significant and 11.4% of changes in this variable had resulted from variation in gender. Besides, the results demonstrated that health responsibility scores in men were on average 2.703 lower than those obtained by women. This relationship was also significant and its effect size was by 3.3% (p = 0.016).Conclusions and recommendations:It was concluded that the concept of lifestyle can be an analysis tool to better understand differences between genders, as an effective variable in adopting a healthy lifestyle, especially in patients suffering from MI.
背景急性和传染性疾病向非传染性疾病的流行病学转变、人口老龄化以及生活方式的迅速改变都导致了心血管疾病的患病率上升。因此,反思生活方式是至关重要的,尤其是在这个时期。本研究的主要目的是评估心肌梗死(MI)患者的生活方式。方法本横断面研究旨在调查2019年心肌梗死患者与健康相关的生活方式行为。为此,采用目的抽样和方便抽样的方法,共选取176例患者。研究工具为促进健康生活方式问卷II (HPLP-II),作为标准化的自我报告问卷。采用IBM SPSS统计软件(第22版)和广义线性模型对数据进行分析。本研究的显著性水平为0.05。结果Wilks λ分布结果显示,性别对因变量(即生活方式)线性组合的影响显著,该变量的11.4%的变化是由性别变化引起的。结果显示,男性健康责任得分比女性平均低2.703分。这种关系也很显著,其效应量为3.3% (p = 0.016)。结论和建议:结论是,生活方式的概念可以作为一种分析工具,更好地了解性别差异,作为采取健康生活方式的有效变量,特别是在心肌梗死患者中。
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引用次数: 0
Studying the Factors Affecting the Attitude and Intention of Buying Organic food consumers: structural equation model 影响消费者购买有机食品态度和意向的因素研究:结构方程模型
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.29252/ijhehp.8.1.35
Leila Andervazh, S. Jalili, S. Zanjani
Background and Objectives: The use of organic food products is a new way of thinking about food, health and nature. The attitude of consumers towards organic products and the factors affecting the consumption of these products is essential for further development and production, and the improvement of the quality of these products. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the effective factors on the attitude and intention of purchasing organic food consumers. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 384 people who were referred to 4 centers of organic products in Tehran were selected by systematic random sampling. The research data were collected based on a questionnaire based on constructs of attitude model towards organic products and consumers intentions and behavior purchase after determining the validity and reliability of questionnaire. Analysis and testing of research hypotheses were done using the SPSS version 22 and Amos version 23. Results: According to the results of the present study, consumer perception of price (β= 0.67) and subjective norm (β= 0.43) have the most influence on consumers’ attitude towards organic food. Also, availability, health awareness and knowledge of organic food respectively by quantity of (β= 0.26), (β= 0.15), (β= 0.14) affect the attitude of consumers towards organic food, also this attitude has a positive and significant effect on consumers’ intent and behavior of purchase. R2 was calculated for the consumers’ intent and behavior of purchase variables 0.42 and 0.53 and 0.89 for attitude. Conclusion: Due to the direct effect of organic nutritional knowledge on consumers’ attitude, intent and behavior, it is recommended that companies producing these products make extensive promotions in the field of awareness of the community about these products and their benefits.
背景与目的:有机食品的使用是一种思考食物、健康和自然的新方式。消费者对有机产品的态度和影响有机产品消费的因素对有机产品的进一步开发和生产,以及有机产品质量的提高至关重要。鉴于此,本研究旨在调查影响消费者购买有机食品态度和意向的因素。材料与方法:采用系统随机抽样的方法,选取德黑兰4个有机产品中心的384人进行横断面研究。在确定问卷的效度和信度后,采用基于有机产品态度模型构建和消费者购买意愿和行为的问卷收集研究数据。研究假设的分析和检验使用SPSS版本22和Amos版本23。结果:根据本研究结果,消费者对价格的感知(β= 0.67)和主观规范(β= 0.43)对消费者对有机食品的态度影响最大。可获得性、健康意识和有机食品知识分别通过(β= 0.26)、(β= 0.15)、(β= 0.14)的数量影响消费者对有机食品的态度,并且这种态度对消费者的购买意图和行为有显著的正向影响。消费者购买意向和行为变量的R2分别为0.42、0.53和0.89。结论:由于有机营养知识直接影响消费者的态度、意向和行为,建议生产这些产品的公司在社区对这些产品及其益处的认识领域进行广泛的推广。
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引用次数: 2
survay of Mothers' Behavior and Perceptions of Benefits and barriers in Preparing healthy breakfast and snacks for school children 母亲为学龄儿童准备健康早餐和零食的行为和利益与障碍的认知调查
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.29252/IJHEHP.8.1.72
S. Rakhshanderou, M. Ghaffari, Ameneh Pooresmaeildorosteh
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引用次数: 0
Identification of the factors of socio-cultural environment affecting the physical activity students: a qualitative study 影响学生体育活动的社会文化环境因素的定性研究
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.29252/IJHEHP.8.1.57
اکرم صادقپور, محمد احسانی, مرجان صفاری, فرشته زمانی علویجه
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Health Education and Health Promotion
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