Physics Open最新文献_第5页

Error analysis of polarization imaging system based on Mueller matrix 基于Mueller矩阵的偏振成像系统误差分析

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100334

Juncai He, Tingyu Yan, Yi Chen

This study investigates the influence mechanisms of achromatic and non-achromatic properties on polarization detection errors in polarization imaging technology. Its primary objective is to quantitatively analyze how retarder thickness, retarder material, and Stokes vector parameters affect polarization imaging accuracy. Additionally, this study examines polarization detection errors stemming from retarder design and their influence on detection accuracy within polarization imaging systems based on Mueller matrix modulation. By varying parameters including the thickness and material of the retarder, as well as Stokes vector parameters, this study investigates the discrepancy between the Stokes vector in the non-achromatic scenario and that reconstructed using achromatic methods. Simulation results revealed that the error curves of S0 and S2, plotted against retarder thickness for both achromatic and non-achromatic scenarios, exhibit low sensitivity to thickness variations. Specifically, when the thickness changes, their error values remain nearly constant, showing an almost flat trend. In contrast, S1 and S3 errors are more sensitive to thickness fluctuations, with noticeable variations occurring at certain specific thicknesses. The peaks in these error curves arise because, at these critical thicknesses, the cosine of the phase delay for S1 approaches 0, while the sine of the phase delay for S3 approaches 0, both of which lead to larger errors. Based on these findings, it is concluded that within specific thickness ranges, non-achromatic retarders may serve as a viable alternative to achromatic ones under the experimental angle combinations examined.

研究了偏振成像技术中消色差和非消色差特性对偏振检测误差的影响机理。其主要目的是定量分析缓速器厚度、缓速器材料和斯托克斯矢量参数对偏振成像精度的影响。此外，本研究还探讨了由缓速器设计引起的偏振检测误差及其对基于穆勒矩阵调制的偏振成像系统检测精度的影响。通过改变缓速器的厚度和材料等参数，以及Stokes矢量参数，研究了非消色差情况下Stokes矢量与用消色差方法重建的Stokes矢量之间的差异。仿真结果表明，在消色差和非消色差两种情况下，S0和S2的误差曲线对厚度变化的敏感性较低。具体而言，当厚度变化时，它们的误差值几乎保持不变，呈现出几乎平坦的趋势。相比之下，S1和S3误差对厚度波动更为敏感，在某些特定厚度下会出现明显的变化。这些误差曲线的峰值出现是因为，在这些临界厚度处，S1的相位延迟的余弦值接近于0，而S3的相位延迟的正弦值接近于0，两者都会导致更大的误差。基于这些发现，得出结论，在特定的厚度范围内，在实验角度组合下，非消色差缓滞剂可以作为消色差缓滞剂的可行替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Signal detection of massive MIMO-OTFS using DNN algorithm with diverse channel state estimation 基于多信道状态估计的DNN算法的大规模MIMO-OTFS信号检测

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100332

Arun Kumar , Aziz Nanthaamornphong

Massive multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal time frequency space (M-MIMO-OTFS) is a promising waveform for beyond 5G (B5G) systems, offering high spectral efficiency and robustness in time-varying channels. However, signal detection is challenged by high-dimensional processing and severe intersymbol interference under Rayleigh fading. A Modified Deep Neural Network (M-DNN) with prior channel state information (CSI) estimation was employed to enhance detection accuracy in large-scale M-MIMO-OTFS systems. Simulation results show SNR reductions of 2.9 dB, 5.8 dB, and 7.2 dB at a BER of 10⁻⁵ for 64 × 64, 256 × 256, and 512 × 512 configurations, respectively, demonstrating improved detection with higher MIMO dimensions. For a 512 × 512 system with a 10 % CSI error variance, the performance degrades slightly to 9.9 dB, indicating robustness to CSI imperfections. Power spectral density (PSD) analysis revealed a −110 dB improvement over conventional methods, enhancing the spectral efficiency and reducing out-of-band emissions. The combination of deep-learning-based detection and CSI estimation supports reliable BER performance and optimized spectral usage, making the approach suitable for large-scale M-MIMO-OTFS deployment in B5G and 6G networks.

大规模多输入多输出正交时频空间（M-MIMO-OTFS）是一种很有前途的超5G （B5G）系统波形，在时变信道中具有高频谱效率和鲁棒性。然而，瑞利衰落下的高维处理和严重的码间干扰给信号检测带来了挑战。采用基于先验信道状态信息（CSI）估计的改进深度神经网络（M-DNN）来提高大规模M-MIMO-OTFS系统的检测精度。仿真结果表明，在BER为10−5的情况下，64 × 64、256 × 256和512 × 512配置的信噪比分别降低了2.9 dB、5.8 dB和7.2 dB，表明在更高的MIMO维数下检测得到了改进。对于CSI误差方差为10%的512 × 512系统，性能略微下降至9.9 dB，表明对CSI缺陷具有鲁棒性。功率谱密度（PSD）分析表明，与传统方法相比，功率谱密度提高了- 110 dB，提高了频谱效率，减少了带外辐射。基于深度学习的检测和CSI估计相结合，支持可靠的误码率性能和优化的频谱使用，使该方法适用于B5G和6G网络中的大规模M-MIMO-OTFS部署。

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引用次数: 0

Structure of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-mercaptopropanamide (NMPA) monolayer on Au surface 金表面N-（2-羟乙基）-3-巯基丙酰胺（NMPA）单分子膜的结构

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100331

Taiquan Wu , Lifang Shen , Biyi Huang , Guang Liu , Wei Zhang , Yang Cui , Chen Chen , Shubin Yan

The first-principles technique has been employed to determine the structure of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-mercaptopropanamide (NMPA) molecular chains, monolayers, and the adsorption system. The CASTEP calculation confirms that the NMPA monolayer forms a self-assembly system consisting of numerous parallel molecules interconnected through H-O bonds. This finding is supported by the electron density analysis. The monolayers of NMPA are composed of molecular chains arranged in either parallel or alternating configurations. Upon adsorption of the NMPA monolayer onto the Au surface, the structural parameters within the adsorption system remain consistent with those observed in the monolayer, indicating that the structure of the NMPA self-assembled monolayers is primarily governed by intermolecular interactions. The primary parameter imparted by the Au surface is the distance between adjacent molecules within the molecular chain.

采用第一性原理技术确定了N-（2-羟乙基）-3-巯基丙酰胺（NMPA）分子链、单分子层和吸附体系的结构。CASTEP计算证实，NMPA单层形成了一个由许多平行分子通过氢氧键相互连接的自组装系统。这一发现得到了电子密度分析的支持。NMPA的单分子层由平行或交替排列的分子链组成。当NMPA单分子膜吸附在Au表面时，吸附系统内的结构参数与单分子膜中观察到的结构参数保持一致，表明NMPA自组装单分子膜的结构主要受分子间相互作用的控制。金表面传递的主要参数是分子链中相邻分子之间的距离。

引用次数: 0

A simulation study to achieve PeV-scale neutrino–proton collisions via staggered beamlines 通过交错光束线实现pev尺度中微子-质子碰撞的模拟研究

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100330

Tome Anticic

This paper introduces a novel accelerator-based method to achieve neutrino–proton interactions at energies from 10 to 100 PeV in a controlled laboratory environment. By employing a staggered configuration of a pion decay tunnel and a proton beamline, the method effectively counters neutrino beam divergence, forming repeated overlaps between narrow neutrino beams and the proton beam. Simulations, using parameters from the Future Circular Collider and including muon cooling to enhance event rates, demonstrate the potential to generate hundreds to thousands of events annually at these ultra-high energies. While the proposed setup presents very significant technological challenges, it could potentially open a new energy range in neutrino physics, enabling precise measurements of neutrino-nucleon cross-sections needed for interpreting high-energy astrophysical neutrino signals and for testing fundamental physics. Beyond the specific implementation explored here, the staggered beamline technique could be a basis for future novel accelerator designs. Integration with emerging technologies like muon colliders could overcome limitations in beam focusing, emittance, or target durability.

本文介绍了一种新的基于加速器的方法，在受控的实验室环境中实现能量从10到100 PeV的中微子-质子相互作用。通过采用介子衰变隧道和质子束线的交错配置，该方法有效地抵消了中微子束的发散，在狭窄的中微子束和质子束之间形成重复的重叠。模拟使用了未来圆形对撞机的参数，包括μ子冷却来提高事件率，证明了每年在这些超高能量下产生数百到数千个事件的潜力。虽然提议的装置提出了非常重大的技术挑战，但它可能会在中微子物理学中开辟一个新的能量范围，使中微子-核子横截面的精确测量成为可能，这是解释高能天体物理中微子信号和测试基础物理所需要的。除了本文探讨的具体实现之外，交错光束线技术可以成为未来新型加速器设计的基础。与介子对撞机等新兴技术的集成可以克服光束聚焦、发射度或目标耐用性方面的限制。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal electron-hydrogen laser assisted three-body scattering dynamics 热电子-氢激光辅助三体散射动力学

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100328

S.H. Dhobi , S.P. Gupta , K. Yadav , J.J. Nakarmi , A.K. Jha

Laser-assisted scattering (LAS) refers to the interaction of particles, such as electrons and atoms, in the presence of an external laser field. This process is vital in fields like radiation-matter interaction, plasma physics, laser cooling, medical lasers, and nanotechnology, as it aids in understanding and controlling atomic-scale phenomena. This study presents a theoretical model for LAS in both thermal and non-thermal environments using a modified thermal Volkov wave function, thermal potential of the hydrogen atom, and Bessel functions within the first-order Born and Kroll-Watson approximations. The model was implemented in MATLAB and analyzed under varying parameters—scattering angle, distance separation, incident energy, temperature, and Bessel function order. Results indicate that for linear polarization, the differential cross-section (DCS) exhibits constructive and destructive interference patterns. Lower-order Bessel functions yield higher DCS values across all cases. DCS is higher at low (<95°) and high (>270°) angles and lower in the intermediate range. For circular and elliptical polarizations, DCS shows destructive interference with angle variation. Higher temperatures and lower Bessel orders consistently lead to higher DCS, with the effect diminishing at larger separations due to interference. The DCS decreases with increasing incident energy. Overall, thermal environments show significantly higher DCS compared to non-thermal cases. Though purely theoretical, this work suggests potential applications in quantum thermal machines, quantum batteries, and temperature-sensitive quantum systems, particularly where temperature fluctuations are minimal. The absence of experimental validation remains a key limitation.

激光辅助散射（LAS）是指粒子（如电子和原子）在外部激光场存在下的相互作用。这一过程在辐射物质相互作用、等离子体物理、激光冷却、医用激光和纳米技术等领域至关重要，因为它有助于理解和控制原子尺度的现象。本研究利用改进的热Volkov波函数、氢原子的热势和一阶Born和Kroll-Watson近似中的Bessel函数，提出了热和非热环境下LAS的理论模型。在MATLAB中实现了该模型，并对散射角、距离分离、入射能量、温度和贝塞尔函数阶数等参数进行了分析。结果表明，对于线偏振，微分截面（DCS）表现出相消干涉模式。低阶贝塞尔函数在所有情况下产生更高的DCS值。DCS在低（<95°）和高（>270°）角度较高，在中间范围较低。对于圆偏振和椭圆偏振，DCS表现出随角度变化的相消干涉。较高的温度和较低的贝塞尔阶数始终导致较高的DCS，由于干扰，在较大的分离处效果减弱。DCS随入射能量的增加而减小。总的来说，与非热环境相比，热环境显示出明显更高的DCS。虽然纯粹是理论上的，但这项工作表明了在量子热机、量子电池和温度敏感量子系统中的潜在应用，特别是在温度波动最小的地方。缺乏实验验证仍然是一个关键的限制。

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引用次数: 0

Strain effects on the structural, electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of SrTiO3 应变对SrTiO3结构、电子、光学和热电性能的影响

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100327

A. Ou-khouya , I. Ait Brahim , A. Houba , H. Mes-Adi , M. Tahiri

This study investigates the effect of triaxial strain on the structural, electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of the perovskite oxide SrTiO₃ using first-principles calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA), as implemented in the WIEN2k code. Compressive and tensile strains were systematically applied to explore their impact on the material's behavior. The results show that the crystal structure retains its cubic symmetry under all strain conditions. The electronic bandgap is found to decrease under tensile strain and increase under compressive strain, with values ranging from 1.99 eV to 3.41 eV. Optical analysis reveals that tensile strain enhances both light absorption and optical conductivity in the visible and ultraviolet regions. Thermoelectric properties were evaluated using the BoltzTraP code, highlighting the evolution of the Seebeck coefficient, power factor, and electrical and thermal conductivities at 300 K and 800 K. These findings provide insights into strain engineering of SrTiO₃ for advanced optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications.

本研究利用基于密度泛函理论（DFT）的第一性原理计算，研究了三轴应变对钙钛矿氧化物SrTiO3的结构、电子、光学和热电性能的影响，该计算基于广义梯度近似（GGA），在WIEN2k代码中实现。系统地应用压缩和拉伸应变来探索它们对材料行为的影响。结果表明，在所有应变条件下，晶体结构均保持立方对称。电子带隙在拉伸应变下减小，在压缩应变下增大，其值在1.99 ~ 3.41 eV之间。光学分析表明，拉伸应变增强了可见光和紫外区的光吸收和光电导率。使用BoltzTraP代码评估热电性能，突出了300 K和800 K时塞贝克系数、功率因数、电导率和导热系数的演变。这些发现为SrTiO3在先进光电和热电应用中的应变工程提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Klein-Gordon equation and machine learning-enhanced functional analysis: Insights into diatomic molecular systems via analytical and predictive modeling approaches Klein-Gordon方程和机器学习增强的功能分析：通过分析和预测建模方法洞察双原子分子系统

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100326

Khalid Reggab , Houssam Eddine Hailouf , Kingsley Onyebuchi Obodo , Mohammed Benali Kanoun , Souraya Goumri-Said

This study investigates the behavior of spinless particles under the influence of scalar and vector potentials by analytically solving the Klein-Gordon equation using the Nikiforov-Uvarov functional analysis method, coupled with the Hellmann and modified Kratzer potentials, employing the Greene-Aldrich approximation for the centrifugal term. The analytical energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions were utilised to examine the energy spectra of specific diatomic molecules (CO, NO, N₂, and CH), demonstrating the correlation of these properties with potential parameters and quantum numbers. In addition to the analytical results, machine learning techniques like Random Forest and Neural Network regressors were used to model and predict the energy spectra based on the calculated data. This made it possible to swiftly explore energy landscapes. The ML models showed great agreement with the analytical results and were better at extrapolating to new quantum numbers and molecular types. This hybrid analytical-ML approach is a strong way to speed up the study of diatomic molecular systems. It combines the rigour of quantum mechanics with data-driven predictions and makes it possible to efficiently screen molecular energy spectra in theoretical and computational chemistry.

本研究利用Nikiforov-Uvarov泛函分析方法，结合Hellmann势和修正的Kratzer势，采用离心项的green - aldrich近似，解析求解Klein-Gordon方程，研究了标量势和矢量势影响下无自旋粒子的行为。利用解析能量特征值和特征函数研究了特定双原子分子（CO、NO、N2和CH）的能谱，证明了这些性质与势参数和量子数的相关性。除了分析结果外，还使用随机森林和神经网络回归等机器学习技术根据计算数据对能谱进行建模和预测。这使得快速探索能源景观成为可能。ML模型与分析结果非常一致，并且在推断新的量子数和分子类型方面做得更好。这种混合分析- ml方法是加快双原子分子系统研究的有力途径。它结合了量子力学的严谨性和数据驱动的预测，使得在理论和计算化学中有效地筛选分子能谱成为可能。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of crystal tetrahedral and octahedral voids on the radiation shielding properties of iron-based spinels 晶体四面体和八面体孔洞对铁基尖晶石辐射屏蔽性能的影响

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100325

Oki Ade Putra , Dhani Nur Indra Syamputra , Fariz Budi Arafat

This study investigates six iron-based spinel compounds (Fe₃O₄, MnFe₂O₄, NiFe₂O₄, CoFe₂O₄, ZnFe₂O₄, and CuFe₂O₄) as potential candidates for radiation shielding materials. Using the NIST XCOM photon cross-sections (cross-checked with Phy-X/PSD) across 0.015–15 MeV, key shielding parameters were evaluated, including mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), and mean free path (MFP). Additionally, atomistic parameters such as the effective atomic number (Z_eff), electron density (N_eff), and equivalent atomic number (Z_eq) were assessed. Attenuation metrics were related to density and crystallographic descriptors—tetrahedral (V_tet) and octahedral (V_oct) void volumes and the lattice void ratio (R)—together with ionic site distribution. Calculations show a descending LAC trend as follows: ZnFe₂O₄ > CuFe₂O₄ > NiFe₂O₄ > CoFe₂O₄ > MnFe₂O₄ > Fe₃O₄. A positive correlation between density and LAC was identified, accompanied by a reduction in HVL and TVL values. Furthermore, at sub-MeV energies, MAC shows a qualitative (monotonic) increase with decreasing V_tet/V_oct and lower R, consistent with denser electronic packing. Among the compounds analysed, CuFe₂O₄ and ZnFe₂O₄ demonstrated the highest shielding performance in attenuation capability and material thickness efficiency. Since the dataset comprises six compositions (n = 6), these structure–property relationships are reported as descriptive trends rather than fitted correlations. These findings highlight the critical influence of crystallinity and ionic distribution within the unit cell on the effectiveness of radiation shielding materials, providing actionable targets (smaller V_tet/V_oct and lower R) for designing durable, lead-free shields.

本研究研究了六种铁基尖晶石化合物（Fe3O4, MnFe2O4, NiFe2O4, CoFe2O4， ZnFe2O4和CuFe2O4）作为辐射屏蔽材料的潜在候选材料。利用NIST XCOM在0.015 ~ 15 MeV范围内的光子截面（与Phy-X/PSD交叉检查），评估了关键的屏蔽参数，包括质量衰减系数（MAC）、线性衰减系数（LAC）、半值层（HVL）、十值层（TVL）和平均自由程（MFP）。此外，原子参数，如有效原子序数（Zeff），电子密度（Neff）和等效原子序数（Zeq）进行了评估。衰减指标与密度和晶体描述符——四面体（Vtet）和八面体（Voct）空隙体积和晶格空隙比(R)——以及离子位点分布有关。计算表明，LAC呈下降趋势：ZnFe2O4 >； CuFe2O4 > NiFe2O4 > CoFe2O4 > MnFe2O4 > Fe3O4。密度与LAC呈正相关，同时HVL和TVL值降低。此外，在亚mev能量下，随着vvet /Voct的降低和R的降低，MAC呈现定性的（单调的）增加，与更密集的电子封装一致。在所分析的化合物中，CuFe2O4和ZnFe2O4在衰减能力和材料厚度效率方面表现出最高的屏蔽性能。由于数据集包含六个组成（n = 6），这些结构-属性关系被报告为描述性趋势，而不是拟合相关性。这些发现突出了晶胞内的结晶度和离子分布对辐射屏蔽材料有效性的关键影响，为设计耐用的无铅屏蔽材料提供了可行的目标（更小的Vtet/Voct和更低的R）。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing traffic capacity of scale free networks by changing queuing strategy 通过改变排队策略提高无标度网络的通行能力

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100322

Lingkang Kong, Jian Liu, Xinjian Chu

In this paper, we propose a new queuing strategy, which called multi-channel strategy, to improve traffic capacity. The multi-channel strategy is proposed according to the degree of the node. Compared with the previous strategy, single-channel strategy, in which each node has only one waiting queue so that packets can only transmit according to the order of packet queuing per unit time, the multi-channel strategy adjusts the number of waiting queue that each node has, that is, the number of waiting queue of each node is set according to the maximum amount of packets, the degree, that each node can handle per unit time. The pros and cons of the strategies can be compared by two indicators, one is traffic capacity improving, other one is traffic load. Lots of experimental simulations are conducted. In terms of improve traffic capacity, the multi-channel strategy is about 170% times that of the single-channel strategy. In terms of traffic load, the multi-channel strategy is more evenly distributed than the single-channel strategy. According to the experimental results, the multi-channel strategy is superior to the single-channel strategy.

本文提出了一种新的排队策略，称为多通道策略，以提高交通容量。根据节点的度，提出了多渠道策略。与之前的单通道策略相比，单通道策略中每个节点只有一个等待队列，数据包只能按照单位时间内数据包排队的顺序进行传输，而多通道策略则调整每个节点的等待队列数量，即每个节点在单位时间内可以处理的最大数据包数量，即程度来设置每个节点的等待队列数量。两种策略的优缺点可以通过两个指标来比较，一是交通能力的提高，另一个是交通负荷。进行了大量的实验模拟。在提高通行能力方面，多渠道策略是单渠道策略的170%左右。在流量负载方面，多通道策略比单通道策略分布更均匀。实验结果表明，多通道策略优于单通道策略。

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引用次数: 0

Rabi model with diamagnetic term and its waveguide realization 抗磁项拉比模型及其波导实现

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100321

J.A. Anaya-Contreras , A. Zúñiga-Segundo , I. Ramos-Prieto , H.M. Moya-Cessa

We explicitly show that a transformation based on the squeeze operator enables an exact mapping – without any approximation – of the light–matter interaction Hamiltonian, including the

A^{2}

(diamagnetic) term, to the standard Rabi model Hamiltonian. This result underscores the novelty of our approach, as it establishes a rigorous equivalence even in the presence of terms typically excluded in conventional derivations. Additionally, we propose partner waveguide arrays that simulate both the full Hamiltonian with the diamagnetic term and the conventional Rabi Hamiltonian.

我们明确地表明，基于挤压算子的变换使光-物质相互作用哈密顿量（包括A2（反磁）项）到标准拉比模型哈密顿量的精确映射（没有任何近似）成为可能。这个结果强调了我们方法的新颖性，因为它建立了一个严格的等价，即使在传统推导中通常排除的项的存在。此外，我们提出的伙伴波导阵列，模拟全哈密顿与抗磁项和传统的拉比哈密顿。

引用次数: 0