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Enhanced leak detection in water distribution systems using GFCC-based signal processing techniques 利用基于gfcc的信号处理技术增强配水系统的泄漏检测

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100324

Mohd Fairusham Ghazali , Nor Azinee Said , Muhammad Aminuddin Pi Remli , Erdiwansyah , Muhammad Hanafi Yusop , Rizalman Mamat

Leak detection in water distribution systems remains a significant challenge, especially for small-scale leaks masked by noise. This study proposes an advanced signal processing approach using Gammatone Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (GFCC) combined with a squeezing technique to enhance the detection of weak leak signals. Experiments were conducted using a 152-m MDPE pipeline under two water pressure levels (1 bar and 2 bar) and five leak sizes (1 mm–5 mm). The proposed method detected leak signals at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels as low as 95 dB, where conventional methods typically fail to do so. Specifically, the squeezing technique effectively amplified transient leak signals, enabling accurate identification of leak-induced spikes within high-noise environments. The analysis revealed a significant improvement in detection, with leak signals becoming distinguishable even under severe masking conditions. The proposed GFCC-based technique achieved consistent detection across 30 repeated datasets, validating its robustness and repeatability. The novelty of this study lies in integrating GFCC and squeezing, which were initially used in speech signal processing, into transient-based leak detection in pipelines, an area that has not been widely explored. This hybrid technique presents a promising solution for reliable and high-sensitivity leak detection in modern water distribution networks.

供水系统的泄漏检测仍然是一个重大挑战，特别是对于被噪音掩盖的小规模泄漏。本研究提出了一种利用伽玛酮频率倒谱系数（GFCC）与压缩技术相结合的先进信号处理方法，以增强对弱泄漏信号的检测。实验采用152 m MDPE管道，在2种水压水平（1 bar和2 bar）和5种泄漏尺寸（1 mm - 5 mm）下进行。该方法在低信噪比（SNR）水平（低至95 dB）下检测泄漏信号，而传统方法通常无法做到这一点。具体来说，压缩技术有效地放大了瞬态泄漏信号，从而能够在高噪声环境中准确识别泄漏引起的峰值。分析表明，在检测方面有了显著的改进，即使在严重的掩蔽条件下，泄漏信号也能被识别出来。提出的基于gfcc的技术在30个重复数据集上实现了一致的检测，验证了其鲁棒性和可重复性。本研究的新颖之处在于将最初用于语音信号处理的GFCC和压缩技术整合到基于瞬态的管道泄漏检测中，这是一个尚未被广泛探索的领域。这种混合技术为现代配水管网可靠、高灵敏度的泄漏检测提供了一种很有前景的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Linear and nonlinear polarizabilities of anharmonic oscillators from hypergeometric resummation 超几何恢复下非调和振子的线性和非线性极化性

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100323

Thomas Garm Pedersen

引用次数: 0

Enhanced thermo-magnetic and mechanical performance of EPDM composites reinforced with Fe2O3:NiO nanoparticles under magnetic field-assisted vulcanization Fe2O3:NiO纳米颗粒增强EPDM复合材料在磁场辅助硫化下的热磁和力学性能

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100319

Mohammed Muhi Ali , Salih Abbas Habeeb , Mohammed Hamza Al-Maamori

This study investigates the effect of hybrid ferromagnetic (Fe₂O₃) and antiferromagnetic (NiO) nanoparticles on the structural, thermal, magnetic and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber composites. Composites with varying Fe₂O₃:NiO weight ratios (1:0.25, 1:1.1, 1:1.5) were synthesized and characterized using techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, AFM, DSC-TGA and VSM. The results revealed that the addition of NiO nanoparticles improved the curing rate, crosslink density, tensile strength and thermal conductivity, with optimal performance observed at 1:1.1 wt% Fe₂O₃:NiO. Magnetic field-assisted vulcanization promoted nanoparticle alignment, leading to enhanced anisotropy and dispersion, which significantly improved the magneto-mechanical performance of the composites. FTIR and XRD confirmed physical interaction without chemical bonding between the fillers and the rubber matrix. The composite containing 1:1.5 wt% Fe₂O₃:NiO demonstrated the highest magnetic response, indicating potential use in magnetorheological elastomer applications.

研究了铁磁（Fe2O3）和反铁磁（NiO）纳米颗粒杂化对三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）复合材料结构、热、磁和力学性能的影响。采用FTIR、XRD、SEM、AFM、DSC-TGA、VSM等技术对不同Fe2O3:NiO质量比（1:0.25、1:1.1、1:1.5）的复合材料进行了表征。结果表明，NiO纳米颗粒的加入提高了材料的固化速度、交联密度、抗拉强度和导热系数，其中Fe2O3:NiO质量分数为1:1.1时性能最佳。磁场辅助硫化促进了纳米颗粒的排列，增强了各向异性和分散性，显著提高了复合材料的磁力学性能。FTIR和XRD证实填料与橡胶基体之间存在物理相互作用，但没有化学键。含有1:1.5 wt% Fe2O3:NiO的复合材料表现出最高的磁响应，表明在磁流变弹性体应用中的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

First-principles study of the electrical, optical, elastic, and mechanical properties of actinium gallium oxide AcGaO3 under varying stress conditions 不同应力条件下氧化锕镓ac高3的电学、光学、弹性和力学性质的第一性原理研究

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100318

S.M. Junaid Zaidi , M. Ijaz Khan , Sana Ullah Sahar , Hammad Khalid , Laviza Fatima , Khaled Fahmi Fawy , M. Umer Farooq , Naeem Ullah

This work is presented to evaluate the fundamental material features of cubic actinium gallium oxide (AcGaO₃) by applying stress at 0, 25, 50, and 100 GPa. The compound is subjected to the computationally generalized gradient approximations (GGA) with Perdew Burke Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange. When stress is applied, the bandgap decreases from 3.023 to 1.647 eV. The partial densities of states (PDOS) for oxygen (O), gallium (Ga), and actinium (Ac) are calculated. The oxygen p-states are responsible for the dominant peaks for AcGaO₃ at 0, 25, 50, and 100 GPa in the valence band range. The dielectric function ε(ω), loss function L(ω), reflectivity R(ω), absorption I(ω), optical conductivity σ(ω), and refractive index n(ω) are some of the significant changes in optical characteristics that are observed with varying stress range from 0 to 100 GPa. When stress is applied between 0 and 100 GPa, the lattice constant values (3.6554 Å to 3.3464 Å) are predicted computationally using energy deformation equations. Several different mechanical features appear to change when stress increases, including the bulk modulus (181.3335–581.8504), shear modulus (140.3777–311.5196), and Young's modulus (334.7514–793.0307). Pugh, Poisson, and Frantsevich mechanical ratios showed that overall brittle behavior occurs between 20 and 100 GPa. Our estimated findings about (AcGaO₃) show the anisotropic character. Furthermore, our anticipated results showed that the chosen material is suitable for use as scintillation material, sophisticated UV and X-ray detectors, space-grade sensors, spintronics, and generation photonics because of its high refractive index, absorption, reflectivity, and conductivity.

本研究通过施加0、25、50和100 GPa的应力来评估立方氧化锕镓（AcGaO3）的基本材料特性。该化合物经过计算广义梯度近似（GGA）与Perdew Burke Ernzerhof （PBE）交换。当施加应力时，带隙从3.023 eV减小到1.647 eV。计算了氧(O)、镓（Ga）和锕（Ac）的偏态密度（PDOS）。氧p态是AcGaO3在0、25、50和100 GPa价带范围内的主导峰。介电函数ε(ω)、损耗函数L（ω）、反射率R（ω）、吸收I（ω）、光导率σ(ω)和折射率n（ω）是在0 ~ 100 GPa的应力范围内观察到的光学特性的显著变化。当应力施加在0和100 GPa之间时，使用能量变形方程计算预测晶格常数值（3.6554 Å至3.3464 Å）。当应力增加时，几种不同的力学特性会发生变化，包括体积模量（181.3335-581.8504）、剪切模量（140.3777-311.5196）和杨氏模量（334.7514-793.0307）。Pugh， Poisson和Frantsevich力学比表明，整体脆性行为发生在20至100 GPa之间。我们对（ac高3）的估计结果显示出各向异性。此外，我们的预期结果表明，所选择的材料适合用作闪烁材料，复杂的紫外线和x射线探测器，空间级传感器，自旋电子学和一代光子学，因为它具有高折射率，吸收，反射率和导电性。

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引用次数: 0

Computational insights into the optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of cubic LaScO3 under pressure-induced bandgap transition 压力诱导带隙跃迁下立方LaScO3的光电和热电性质的计算见解

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100320

Zoha Afzal , Sajid Butt , Nimra Naeem , Muhammad Irfan , Muhammad Rizwan , Muhammad Usman , Farhan Mudasar

Using density functional theory, we explore the pressure-induced transformation of LaScO₃ perovskite highlighting its potential for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications. Our calculations reveal a stable cubic structure that undergoes a widening and transition of bandgap from an indirect to a direct with increasing pressure. Optical properties like conductivity, refractive index, absorption and dielectric function are calculated at various pressures ranging from 0 GPa to 12 GPa with a step size of 4 GPa. Thermoelectric performance was assessed at 300–1300 K using BoltzTraP code. A peak power factor of 2.22 × 10⁷ W/m·K² was observed at 4 GPa while the figure of merit attained a maximum value of 0.75 at 12 GPa. This study demonstrates that LaScO₃ under pressures exhibits remarkable thermoelectric properties making it a prime candidate for highly efficient energy conversion devices.

利用密度泛函理论，我们探索了LaScO3钙钛矿的压力诱导转化，突出了其在光电和热电应用方面的潜力。我们的计算揭示了一个稳定的立方结构，它经历了从间接带隙到直接带隙的加宽和转变。在0 ~ 12 GPa的不同压力下，计算了电导率、折射率、吸收和介电函数等光学性质，步长为4 GPa。使用BoltzTraP代码在300-1300 K下评估热电性能。在4 GPa时，峰值功率因数为2.22 × 107 W/m·K2，而在12 GPa时，优点系数达到最大值0.75。这项研究表明，在压力下LaScO3表现出显著的热电特性，使其成为高效能量转换装置的主要候选者。

引用次数: 0

Topological analysis of eccentricity-based invariants for second type of dominating David-derived network 第二类主导david衍生网络基于偏心率不变量的拓扑分析

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100315

Haidar Ali , Ali B.M. Ali , Didar Abdulkhaleq Ali , Ayesha Umer , M. Ijaz Khan , Saima Mushtaq , Rasan Sarbast Faisal

The rapid growth of graph theory has sparked interest among analysts, driven by its diverse applications in mathematical chemistry. Closed-form solutions enable rapid property prediction without expensive simulations. This study delves into the second type of dominating David-derived network, which play a vital role in pharmaceutical development, hardware engineering, and system administration. We examine the topological features of the network, calculating distance-based indices like eccentricity measures and the eccentricity based Zagreb indices. Our findings offer novel perspectives on the structural attributes of dominating David-derived network, highlighting their potential impact across various disciplines.

由于图论在数学化学中的多种应用，图论的快速发展引起了分析人士的兴趣。封闭形式的解决方案可以实现快速的属性预测，而无需昂贵的模拟。本研究探讨的是第二类主导david衍生网络，它在药物开发、硬件工程和系统管理中起着至关重要的作用。我们检查网络的拓扑特征，计算基于距离的指标，如偏心测度和基于偏心的萨格勒布指数。我们的研究结果为大卫衍生的主导网络的结构属性提供了新的视角，突出了它们在各个学科中的潜在影响。

引用次数: 0

Track constraint of a bead on a large circular hoop under the influence of gravity and elasticity 重力和弹性作用下大环箍上的钢珠轨迹约束

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100312

Yuan-Sheng Wang

In theoretical mechanics and engineering, the problem of constrained object motion is frequently encountered, where track geometries inherently restrict the trajectories of moving bodies. In real-world scenarios, friction introduces additional complexity, rendering the forces acting on objects and their motion along tracks more intricate and thus requiring in-depth analysis. This study examines the constrained motion of a bead on a large circular hoop situated in a vertical plane, subject to gravitational and elastic forces. Using Newton’s second law in the natural coordinate system, we derived the governing equations for the bead’s motion on the hoop and solved them numerically. Results show that the amplitude of the bead’s oscillations increases with higher initial angular velocities. Additionally, an increase in the spring stiffness coefficient causes the elastic force to gradually overcome gravity, altering the system’s stable equilibrium point. The friction coefficient significantly influences both the number of rotations and the oscillatory dynamics of the bead. When non-zero frictional forces are present, the system exhibits stable focal points and unstable saddle points, with the bead demonstrating a higher likelihood of settling at the stable focal points. This research provides valuable insights for physics education and engineering applications involving constrained mechanical systems.

在理论力学和工程中，经常遇到约束物体运动的问题，其中轨道几何形状固有地限制了运动物体的轨迹。在现实世界中，摩擦力带来了额外的复杂性，使得作用在物体上的力及其沿着轨道的运动更加复杂，因此需要深入分析。本研究考察了位于垂直平面上的大圆箍上的头部受重力和弹性力的约束运动。利用自然坐标系下的牛顿第二定律，导出了球头在环上运动的控制方程，并对其进行了数值求解。结果表明，随着初始角速度的增大，球头的振荡幅度增大。此外，弹簧刚度系数的增大使弹性力逐渐克服重力，改变系统的稳定平衡点。摩擦系数对球头的旋转次数和振荡动力学都有显著影响。当存在非零摩擦力时，系统表现出稳定的焦点和不稳定的鞍点，头部在稳定焦点处显示出更高的沉降可能性。本研究为涉及约束机械系统的物理教育和工程应用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamical Systems describing matter dominating era in Modified Tele-Parallel Gravity 修正遥平行引力中描述物质支配时代的动力系统

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100294

R.C. Tefo , K.P. Mathos , M.G. Ganiou , F. Mavoa , M.J.S. Houndjo

We investigate in the present paper, cosmological dynamical system describing matter evolution era under modified teleparallel theory of gravity. After reconstructing general cosmological dynamical system depending on the parameter

m

which is function of the Hubble parameter, we explore three different cases of matter dominated era. First, we start with an antaz asymptotic value

m = - 9 / 2

characterizing matter domination era. Secondly, the present work reveals two other new asymptotic values of the parameter

m

, namely

m = - 2

and

m = - 1 / 2

corresponding to stiff matter evolution era at early time and dust matter evolution era at late time, respectively. This approach is based on Zel’dovich proposal according to what universe may be filled by stiff matter after inflation and before the radiation epoch. Under analytical and numerical analysis of the reconstructed autonomous dynamical system, the obtained stable fixed point of each evolution era, through its coordinates, leads to

ω_{e f f} < - 1

corresponding to phantom-like evolution with dark energy as candidate. This result confirms those existing in literature and suitably cited in this work. Furthermore, matter evolution era can be reached when the dynamical system is rendered non-autonomous. Our approach permits to challenge the reconstruction of

f (T)

models describing dark energy when scalar factor of stiff and dust matter is applied.

本文研究了在修正遥平行引力理论下描述物质演化时代的宇宙学动力系统。在以哈勃参数为函数的参数m重构一般宇宙动力系统后，探讨了物质主导时代的三种不同情况。首先，我们从表征物质统治时代的反兹渐近值m=−9/2开始。其次，本文揭示了参数m的另外两个新的渐近值m=−2和m=−1/2，分别对应于早期的硬物质演化时代和后期的尘埃物质演化时代。这种方法是基于泽尔多维奇的建议，根据宇宙可能在暴胀之后和辐射时代之前被刚性物质填充。对重构的自主动力系统进行解析和数值分析，得到的每个演化时代的稳定不动点，通过其坐标，得到的ωeff<；−1对应于暗能量为候选的类幻演化。该结果证实了文献中存在的结果，并在本工作中适当引用。此外，当动力系统变得非自治时，物质演化时代就会到来。我们的方法允许对描述暗能量的f(T)模型的重建提出挑战，当使用刚性和尘埃物质的标量因子时。

{"title":"Dynamical Systems describing matter dominating era in Modified Tele-Parallel Gravity","authors":"R.C. Tefo , K.P. Mathos , M.G. Ganiou , F. Mavoa , M.J.S. Houndjo","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2025.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2025.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate in the present paper, cosmological dynamical system describing matter evolution era under modified teleparallel theory of gravity. After reconstructing general cosmological dynamical system depending on the parameter <span><math><mi>m</mi></math></span> which is function of the Hubble parameter, we explore three different cases of matter dominated era. First, we start with an antaz asymptotic value <span><math><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>9</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span> characterizing matter domination era. Secondly, the present work reveals two other new asymptotic values of the parameter <span><math><mi>m</mi></math></span>, namely <span><math><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span> corresponding to stiff matter evolution era at early time and dust matter evolution era at late time, respectively. This approach is based on Zel’dovich proposal according to what universe may be filled by stiff matter after inflation and before the radiation epoch. Under analytical and numerical analysis of the reconstructed autonomous dynamical system, the obtained stable fixed point of each evolution era, through its coordinates, leads to <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> corresponding to phantom-like evolution with dark energy as candidate. This result confirms those existing in literature and suitably cited in this work. Furthermore, matter evolution era can be reached when the dynamical system is rendered non-autonomous. Our approach permits to challenge the reconstruction of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> models describing dark energy when scalar factor of stiff and dust matter is applied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photoionization and photoabsorption study of Ne-like Mg2+, Al3+ and Si4+ ions using the relativistic configuration interaction method 用相对论组态相互作用方法研究类ne Mg2+， Al3+和Si4+离子的光电离和光吸收

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100317

G.A. Alna'washi , O. Abu-Haija , S.M. Hamasha

This paper presents comprehensive calculations of resonance energies for photoabsorption and photoionization of Ne-like Mg²⁺, Al³⁺ and Si⁴⁺ ions. We report ionization threshold limits, resonance energies, wavelengths, transition rates, and oscillator strengths for 1s² 2s 2p⁶ (²S_1/2) np (¹P₁), 1s 2s² 2p⁶ (²S_1/2) np (¹P₁), 2s² 2p⁵ (²P) ns, and 2s² 2p⁵ (²P) nd Rydberg series. All the calculations were performed using the relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) method within the Flexible Atomic Code (FAC). The RCI results show very good agreement with existing theoretical and experimental values reported in literature. Moreover, we present new tabulations of K-shell photoexcitation for Mg²⁺, Al³⁺ and Si⁴⁺ ions, as well as unreported outer-shell resonance features to highly excited states. This provides an improved description of the photoabsorption spectrum, which are important for high-precision spectral modeling in astrophysical plasmas.

本文综合计算了类ne Mg2+、Al3+和Si4+离子的光吸收和光电离共振能。我们报道了1s2 2s 2p6 (2S1/2) np （1P1）、1s 2s2 2p6 (2S1/2) np （1P1）、2s2 2p5 (2P) ns、2s2 2p5 （2P）和Rydberg系列的电离阈值、共振能量、波长、跃迁速率和振荡器强度。所有计算均使用柔性原子代码（FAC）中的相对论组态相互作用（RCI）方法进行。RCI结果与现有文献报道的理论和实验值非常吻合。此外，我们提出了Mg2+， Al3+和Si4+离子的k壳光激发的新表格，以及未报道的高激发态的外壳共振特征。这为天体物理等离子体的高精度光谱建模提供了一种改进的光吸收光谱描述方法。

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引用次数: 0

Radiation shielding properties of selenium-based lead borate PbO-SeO2-B2O3 glass for X-ray and gamma radiation 硒基硼酸铅PbO-SeO2-B2O3玻璃对x射线和γ射线的辐射屏蔽性能

IF 1.4 Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100313

Suleman Muhammad , Seema Mukamil , Iltaf Muhammad , Sang Peng , Kunning Niu , Zan Zhang , Yongsheng Li

The radiation shielding properties of selenium-based lead borate glass systems xSeO₂ + (25-x) B₂O₃ + 75PbO (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) were investigated using the MCNPx simulation and the Phy-x/PSD program in the energy range of 0.015–15 MeV. The density increased with the substitution of SeO₂ contents due to the replacement of B₂O₃ (69.62 g/mol) by SeO₂ (110.96 g/mol) in the host glass, enhancing the glass compactness. In addition, the Se²⁺ takes up substitute regions in the structure, which lowers the molar volume and contributes to stiffness and stability. The samples' mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) and linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) decreased with increasing energy. As energy increases, more radiation penetrates, leading to a decrease in the MAC and LAC. At 0.1 MeV, the MAC values for the S4 sample, with a density of 5.702 g/cm³, are 4.68552 cm²/g, whereas at 0.5 MeV, they are 0.14928 cm²/g, indicating more attenuation with increasing energy. The HVL ranges from 0.00129 to 2.41029 cm, while the TVL ranges from 0.00429 to 8.00682 cm, respectively. The S1 glass exhibited higher HVL values, whereas the S4 sample showed the lowest HVL values, indicating it is the most effective attenuation glass. The effective atomic number (Z_eff) varies randomly with energy, representing different photon-matter interactions in specific energy ranges. The S4 glass exhibits the highest value of Z_eff at 15 MeV, ranging from 79.65085 to 52.07709. The results confirm that the investigated glass samples can be a radiation shielding material for X-rays rooms and γ-rays in medicine, cosmology, hospitals, and nuclear physics.

利用MCNPx模拟和Phy-x/PSD程序研究了硒基硼酸铅玻璃体系xSeO2 + (25-x) B2O3 + 75PbO （x = 0,0.2, 0.4, 0.6）在0.015-15 MeV能量范围内的辐射屏蔽性能。由于主体玻璃中的B2O3 （69.62 g/mol）被SeO2 （110.96 g/mol）取代，使得密度随着SeO2含量的增加而增加，增强了玻璃的致密性。此外，Se2+在结构中占据替代区域，降低了摩尔体积，有助于刚度和稳定性。样品的质量衰减系数（MAC）和线性衰减系数（LAC）随能量的增加而减小。随着能量的增加，更多的辐射穿透，导致MAC和LAC的减少。在0.1 MeV时，密度为5.702 g/cm3的S4样品的MAC值为4.68552 cm2/g，而在0.5 MeV时，MAC值为0.14928 cm2/g，随着能量的增加衰减更大。HVL范围为0.00129 ~ 2.41029 cm， TVL范围为0.00429 ~ 8.00682 cm。S1玻璃具有较高的HVL值，而S4样品具有最低的HVL值，表明它是最有效的衰减玻璃。有效原子序数（Zeff）随能量随机变化，表示特定能量范围内不同的光子与物质相互作用。S4玻璃在15 MeV时Zeff值最高，范围为79.65085 ~ 52.07709。结果证实，所研究的玻璃样品可以作为医学、宇宙学、医院和核物理学中x射线室和γ射线的辐射屏蔽材料。

{"title":"Radiation shielding properties of selenium-based lead borate PbO-SeO2-B2O3 glass for X-ray and gamma radiation","authors":"Suleman Muhammad , Seema Mukamil , Iltaf Muhammad , Sang Peng , Kunning Niu , Zan Zhang , Yongsheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2025.100313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2025.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The radiation shielding properties of selenium-based lead borate glass systems <em>x</em>SeO<sub>2</sub> + (25-<em>x</em>) B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 75PbO (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) were investigated using the MCNPx simulation and the Phy-x/PSD program in the energy range of 0.015–15 MeV. The density increased with the substitution of SeO<sub>2</sub> contents due to the replacement of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (69.62 g/mol) by SeO<sub>2</sub> (110.96 g/mol) in the host glass, enhancing the glass compactness. In addition, the Se<sup>2+</sup> takes up substitute regions in the structure, which lowers the molar volume and contributes to stiffness and stability. The samples' mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) and linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) decreased with increasing energy. As energy increases, more radiation penetrates, leading to a decrease in the MAC and LAC. At 0.1 MeV, the MAC values for the S4 sample, with a density of 5.702 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, are 4.68552 cm<sup>2</sup>/g, whereas at 0.5 MeV, they are 0.14928 cm<sup>2</sup>/g, indicating more attenuation with increasing energy. The HVL ranges from 0.00129 to 2.41029 cm, while the TVL ranges from 0.00429 to 8.00682 cm, respectively. The S1 glass exhibited higher HVL values, whereas the S4 sample showed the lowest HVL values, indicating it is the most effective attenuation glass. The effective atomic number (Z<sub><em>eff</em></sub>) varies randomly with energy, representing different photon-matter interactions in specific energy ranges. The S4 glass exhibits the highest value of Z<sub><em>eff</em></sub> at 15 MeV, ranging from 79.65085 to 52.07709. The results confirm that the investigated glass samples can be a radiation shielding material for X-rays rooms and γ-rays in medicine, cosmology, hospitals, and nuclear physics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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