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Potential for Definitive Discovery of a 70 GeV Dark Matter WIMP with Only Second-Order Gauge Couplings 只有二阶规范耦合的70GeV暗物质WIMP的最终发现潜力
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-10-24 DOI: 10.31526/lhep.2023.342
Bailey Tallman, Alexandra Boone, Adhithya Vijayakumar, F. Lopez, Samuel Apata, J. Martinez, Roland E. Allen
As astronomical observations and their interpretation improve, the case for cold dark matter (CDM) becomes increasingly persuasive. A particularly appealing version of CDM is a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) with a mass near the electroweak scale, which can naturally have the observed relic abundance after annihilation in the early universe. But in order for a WIMP to be consistent with the currently stringent experimental constraints it must have relatively small cross-sections for indirect, direct, and collider detection. Using our calculations and estimates of these cross-sections, we discuss the potential for discovery of a recently proposed dark matter WIMP which has a mass of about 70 GeV/c$^2$ and only second-order couplings to W and Z bosons. There is evidence that indirect detection may already have been achieved, since analyses of the gamma rays detected by Fermi-LAT and the antiprotons observed by AMS-02 are consistent with 70 GeV dark matter having our calculated $langle sigma_{ann} v rangle approx 1.2 times 10^{-26} $ cm$^3$/s. The estimated sensitivities for LZ and XENONnT indicate that these experiments may achieve direct detection within the next few years, since we estimate the relevant cross-section to be slightly above $10^{-48}$ cm$^2$. Other experiments such as PandaX, SuperCDMS, and especially DARWIN should be able to confirm on a longer time scale. The high-luminosity LHC might achieve collider detection within about 15 years, since we estimate a collider cross-section slightly below 1 femtobarn. Definitive confirmation should come from still more powerful planned collider experiments (such as a future circular collider) within 15-35 years.
随着天文观测及其解释的改进,冷暗物质(CDM)的情况变得越来越有说服力。CDM的一个特别吸引人的版本是一种质量接近电弱尺度的弱相互作用大质量粒子(WIMP),它在早期宇宙中被湮灭后自然具有观测到的遗迹丰度。但是,为了使WIMP与目前严格的实验约束相一致,它必须具有相对较小的横截面,用于间接、直接和对撞机检测。使用我们对这些横截面的计算和估计,我们讨论了发现最近提出的暗物质WIMP的可能性,该暗物质WIMPs的质量约为70 GeV/c$^2,并且仅与W和Z玻色子存在二阶耦合。有证据表明,可能已经实现了间接探测,因为费米LAT探测到的伽马射线和AMS-02观测到的反质子的分析与70 GeV暗物质一致,我们计算出的$langlesigma_{ann}vlangle约为1.2乘以10^{-26}$cm$^3$/s。LZ和XENONnT的估计灵敏度表明,这些实验可能在未来几年内实现直接检测,因为我们估计相关横截面略高于$10^{-48}$cm$^2$。其他实验,如PandaX、SuperCDMS,尤其是DARWIN,应该能够在更长的时间尺度上进行确认。高亮度的LHC可能在大约15年内实现对撞机探测,因为我们估计对撞机的横截面略低于1毫微米。最终的确认应该来自15-35年内更强大的计划对撞机实验(例如未来的圆形对撞机)。
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引用次数: 2
Intermediate-Distance String Effects in Wilson Loops via Boundary Action 边界作用下Wilson环中的中距离弦效应
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.31526/LHEP.2023.431
M. N. Khalil, A. Khalaf, A. Bakry, M. Deliyergiyev, A. Galal, M. Kotb, M. Okasha, G. Ahmed
The density profile of the QCD flux tube is investigated within the framework of the L"uscher-Weisz (LW) string action with two boundary terms. The transverse action profile and potential between static quarks are considered using Wilson's loop overlap formalism at zero temperature in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. We find the predictions of the LW string matching the lattice data for the width of the energy-density and $Qbar{Q}$ potential up to a small color-source separation of $R=0.32$,fm.
在具有两个边界项的Luscher-Weisz(LW)弦作用的框架内研究了QCD通量管的密度分布杨-米尔斯理论。我们发现LW串的预测与晶格数据相匹配,能量密度的宽度和$Qbar{Q}$势直到$R=0.32$,fm的小色源分离。
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引用次数: 1
Capture of Dark Matter Particles by a Galaxy in the Case of a Bimodal Distribution of Their Velocities 在速度双峰分布的情况下星系对暗物质粒子的捕获
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.31526/LHEP.2023.331
R. Durrer, S. Parnovsky, A. Parnowski
We have analyzed the rate of capture of dark matter (DM) particles by the galaxy in the case of the existence of two different types of DM or a bimodal velocity distribution function for DM. It is shown that, in addition to the scenario considered in our previous work which is based on the assumption of an unimodal distribution, more complex scenarios are possible in which the transition to the state of intense capture and/or exit from it can occur in two stages. A detailed description is given of the change in the curve describing the rate of capture of dark matter particles as a function of the rate of increase in the baryon mass of the galaxy for various values of the rate of decrease of the DM density.
我们分析了在存在两种不同类型的DM或DM的双峰速度分布函数的情况下,星系对暗物质(DM)粒子的捕获率。结果表明,除了我们之前工作中考虑的基于单峰分布假设的场景外,更复杂的场景是可能的,其中向强烈捕获状态的过渡和/或从中退出可以分两个阶段发生。详细描述了曲线中的变化,该曲线描述了暗物质粒子的捕获速率作为星系重子质量增加速率的函数,对于DM密度的各种降低速率值。
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引用次数: 1
Kerr Black Holes within the Membrane Paradigm 膜范式中的克尔黑洞
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-25 DOI: 10.31526/lhep.2022.328
A. Arslanaliev, A. Nurmagambetov
We consider the membrane viewpoint a l`a Parikh-Wilczek on the Kerr solution for a rotating black hole. Computing the stress-energy tensor of a close-to-the-horizon stretched membrane and comparing it to the stress-tensor of a viscous fluid, we recover transport coefficients in terms of the Kerr geometry. Viscosities of the dual fluid remain constant, while the rest of the transport coefficients become complex functions of radial and angle coordinates. We study the qualitative behavior of the pressure, expansion, and energy/momentum densities for two specific black holes: the slowly rotating black hole, with the angular momentum of one percent of the black hole mass squared, and the extremal Kerr black hole. For the Kerr solution in the Boyer-Lindquist coordinates, these transport coefficients generally have poles at different values of the radial coordinate in the range between the horizon and the Schwarzschild radius of the black hole, in dependence on the fixed angle direction. We briefly discuss our findings in the context of a relation between the Membrane Paradigm and the AdS/CFT correspondence, the KSS bound violation, the coordinate choice, and a non-stationary extension of the Kerr solution.
我们认为膜观点是关于旋转黑洞Kerr解的Parikh-Wilczek。计算近水平拉伸膜的应力能量张量,并将其与粘性流体的应力张量进行比较,我们根据Kerr几何恢复了传输系数。双流体的粘度保持不变,而其余的传输系数变成径向坐标和角度坐标的复函数。我们研究了两个特定黑洞的压力、膨胀和能量/动量密度的定性行为:角动量为黑洞质量平方的1%的缓慢旋转黑洞和极端克尔黑洞。对于Boyer-Lindquist坐标系中的Kerr解,根据固定角度方向,这些传输系数通常在黑洞的视界和Schwarzschild半径之间的范围内的径向坐标的不同值处具有极点。我们在膜范式和AdS/CFT对应关系、KSS界违反、坐标选择和Kerr解的非平稳扩展之间的关系的背景下简要讨论了我们的发现。
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引用次数: 1
FRW Cosmology with a Varying Cubic Deceleration Parameter 变三次减速参数的FRW宇宙学
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.31526/lhep.2023.330
Leishingam Kumrah, S. S. Singh, L. Devi, Md Khurshid Alam
In this work a new law of varying deceleration parameter of third degree have been proposed. The solutions of the modified field equations have been derived under the newly proposed law of the deceleration parameter. Model exhibits the Big-bang singularity at cosmic time ($t=0$) and shows Big Rip at ($t=n$) then it re-enter the phase of initial singularity at $t=2n$ and ends its cyclic behavior at $t=3n$. The evolution of the physical and dynamical parameters of the Universe have been studied and the graphical representation has also been shown. Further $Om(z)$ diagnostic parameter and the energy conditions have also been studied together with their graphical representations.
本文提出了一种新的三次减速参数变律。在新提出的减速参数规律下,导出了修正后的场方程的解。模型在宇宙时间($t=0$)处显示大爆炸奇点,在($t=n$)处显示大撕裂,然后在$t=2n$处重新进入初始奇点阶段,并在$t=3n$处结束循环行为。研究了宇宙的物理和动力学参数的演变,并给出了图形表示。进一步研究了$Om(z)$诊断参数和能量条件,并给出了它们的图形表示。
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引用次数: 0
Majorana Neutrinos and Clockworked Yukawa Couplings Contribution to Nonobservation of the Rare Leptonic Decayli→ljγ, Clockwork Photon and Clockwork Graviton Majorana中微子和Yukawa顺时针耦合对罕见轻子衰变未观测到的贡献→ljγ、发条光子和发条引力
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.31526/lhep.2023.351
Gayatri Ghosh
The clockwork is an extra-dimensional set-up for generating light particles with exponentially suppressed or hierarchical couplings of light particles with N massive states having comparable masses near the threshold scale of the mechanism in theories which contain no small parameters at the fundamental level. We explore the prospect of charged lepton flavour violation (cLFV) in a clockwork framework which encompasses Dirac mass terms as well as Majorana mass terms for the new clockwork fermions. We deive the masses of the non zero clockwork Majorana masses, and new particles in a clockwork framework and for their Yukawa couplings to the lepton doublets, in the framework where the clockwork parameters are universal. When the new clockwork Majorana masses are non zero, neutrino masses are generated as a result from the exchange of heavy messenger particles such as right handed iso$-$singlet neutrinos or iso$ - $triplet scalar bosons known as the seesaw mechanism. In the case of non zero clockwork Majorana masses, owing to the sizable effective Yukawa couplings of the higher mass modes neutrino masses can only be made tiny by conjecturing large Majorana mass in the teraelectron volt range for allthe clockwork gears. This is apparent from the constraints on the mass scale of the clockwork fermions due to the non-observation of the rare cLFV decay $ murightarrow egamma $, $ tau rightarrow mu gamma $, $ taurightarrow egamma $. A general description of the clockwork mechanism valid for fermions, gauge bosons, and gravitons is discussed here. This mechanism can be implemented with a discrete set of new fields or, in its continuum version, through an extra spatial dimension.
时钟装置是一种额外的维度设置,用于产生具有指数抑制或分层耦合的光粒子,这些光粒子具有N个质量态,在基本水平上不包含小参数的理论机制的阈值尺度附近具有可比的质量。我们在包含狄拉克质量项和马约拉纳质量项的时钟框架中探索了带电轻子味违逆(cLFV)的前景。我们给出了非零发条马约拉纳质量的质量,以及发条框架中的新粒子的质量,以及它们与轻子重态的汤川耦合,在发条参数是通用的框架中。当新的时钟装置马约拉纳质量不为零时,中微子质量是由重信使粒子(如右手iso $-$单重态中微子或iso $ - $三重态标量玻色子)交换的结果,即跷跷板机制。在非零发条马约拉纳质量的情况下,由于高质量模式的相当大的有效汤川耦合,中微子质量只能通过推测所有发条齿轮在太电子伏特范围内的大马约拉纳质量而变得很小。由于没有观测到罕见的cLFV衰变$ murightarrow egamma $, $ tau rightarrow mu gamma $, $ taurightarrow egamma $,这从发条费米子的质量尺度上的限制可以明显看出。本文讨论了对费米子、规范玻色子和引力子有效的发条机制的一般描述。这种机制可以用一组离散的新字段来实现,或者在连续的版本中,通过一个额外的空间维度来实现。
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引用次数: 1
Dynamical Synchronization, the Horizon Problem, and Initial Conditions for Inflation 动态同步、地平线问题和通货膨胀的初始条件
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.31526/lhep.2023.322
S. Cotsakis
We consider the evolution of homogeneous cosmologies towards the future in a dynamical systems formulation. Using a variational equation approach, we show that there is a short period in which transient solutions between the end of a Mixmaster era and a subsequent Friedmannian state exist. Implications about the generic inhomogeneous evolution towards the future, the recollapse problem, the horizon problem, and the initial conditions required for inflation are briefly discussed.
我们用动力学系统的公式来考虑齐次宇宙学向未来的演化。使用变分方程方法,我们证明了在Mixmaster时代结束和随后的Friedmannian状态之间存在短暂的瞬态解。简要讨论了对未来的一般非均匀演化、重迭问题、视界问题和通货膨胀所需的初始条件的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Q-Field from a 4D Brane: Cosmological Constant Cancellation and Minkowski Attractor 四维膜的q场:宇宙学常数抵消和闵可夫斯基吸引子
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.31526/LHEP.2022.312
F. Klinkhamer
A 4D-brane realization of q -theory has been proposed a few years ago. The present paper stud-ies the corresponding late-time cosmology and establishes the dynamic cancellation of an initial cosmological constant and an attractor behavior towards Minkowski spacetime.
q理论的4D膜实现已经在几年前提出。本文研究了相应的晚时间宇宙学,并建立了一个初始宇宙学常数和一个对Minkowski时空的吸引子行为的动态消去。
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引用次数: 2
Probing the Electroweak Phase Transition with Exotic Higgs Decays 用奇异希格斯衰变探测电弱相变
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.31526/lhep.2023.432
M. Carena, J. Kozaczuk, Zhen Liu, Tong Ou, M. Ramsey-Musolf, J. Shelton, Yikun Wang, Ke-Pan Xie
An essential goal of the Higgs physics program at the LHC and beyond is to explore the nature of the Higgs potential and shed light on the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. An important class of models defining the strength and order of the electroweak phase transition is driven by the Higgs boson coupling to a light new state. This Snowmass white paper points out the existence of a region of parameter space where a strongly first order electroweak phase transition is compatible with exotic decays of the SM-like Higgs boson. A dedicated search for exotic Higgs decays can actively explore this framework at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), while future exotic Higgs decay searches at the high-luminosity LHC and future Higgs factories will be vital to conclusively probe the scenario.
LHC及其后的希格斯物理项目的一个基本目标是探索希格斯势的性质,并阐明电弱对称性破坏的机制。定义电弱相变强度和顺序的一类重要模型是由希格斯玻色子耦合到轻新态驱动的。这篇Snowmass白皮书指出了参数空间中存在一个区域,在该区域中,强一阶电弱相变与类SM希格斯玻色子的奇异衰变兼容。专门寻找奇异的希格斯衰变可以在大型强子对撞机(LHC)积极探索这一框架,而未来在高亮度LHC和未来的希格斯工厂进行奇异希格斯衰变搜索对于最终探索这一场景至关重要。
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引用次数: 15
Nonzero θ13 with A4 × Z4 Flavor Symmetry Group 非零θ13与A4 × Z4风味对称群
Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31526/lhep.2022.340
Victoria Puyam, N. Singh
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引用次数: 2
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