Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed academic writing and publishing, progressing from simple grammar checkers and citation tools to sophisticated large language models capable of generating, synthesizing, and critically evaluating scientific content. A recent advancement in this space is the rise of deep research AI—agentic models that autonomously conduct structured reasoning to produce evidence-backed research outputs. While AI opens vast opportunities to enhance academic productivity, it also introduces significant ethical challenges. The challenge isn’t just to use AI; rather, to use it responsibly. As AI continues to reshape scholarly communication, it must be guided by clear oversight and ethical frameworks. This article explores AI’s expanding role in academic publishing, with a focus on its applications in manuscript preparation, peer review, and quality assessment. It also addresses the growing concerns surrounding authorship, research integrity, and accountability. We additionally outline key considerations unique to obstetrics and maternal–fetal medicine to guide responsible and field-appropriate AI use in perinatal research and publishing. Ultimately, the responsible integration of AI, balanced with human judgment and governed by rigorous standards, will be critical to ensuring both innovation and credibility in academic research.
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