Pub Date : 2019-11-02DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019596-110
I. Zamotaev, И.В. Замотаев, N. Telnova, Н.О. Тельнова, O. Kaidanova, О.В. Кайданова, T. I. Borisochkina, Т И Борисочкина, S. Suslova, С.Б. Суслова
The paper summarizes results of long-term remote sensing and geochemical monitoring of soils and vegetation cover influenced with abandoned industrial waste dumping site at the southern periphery of Kursk city. Analysis of prolonged image time series (19542018) has resulted in the reconstruction of natural landscape pattern in study area, mapping the expansion of waste deposit area under the period of active exploitation, delineation of five historic-functional zones of the dumping site. These zones are featured with different age and type of technogenic transformations in landscape structure, particular levels of heavy metals content and their distribution in soils and vegetation. Studies of spatial pattern and long-term (20002017) changes in contamination of soils and technogenic surface formations with heavy metals revealed that the maximum level of soil and vegetation pollution with heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, Sb) is fixed for the zone of excavation, mixing and secondary burying of industrial wastes in 2000s. Increased concentrations of Sb and Zn still persist in surface soil layers of chernozems outside the territory of abandoned dumping site.
{"title":"Remote sensing and geochemical monitoring of soils and vegetation cover of industrial waste dumping site (Kursk region)","authors":"I. Zamotaev, И.В. Замотаев, N. Telnova, Н.О. Тельнова, O. Kaidanova, О.В. Кайданова, T. I. Borisochkina, Т И Борисочкина, S. Suslova, С.Б. Суслова","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019596-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019596-110","url":null,"abstract":"The paper summarizes results of long-term remote sensing and geochemical monitoring of soils and vegetation cover influenced with abandoned industrial waste dumping site at the southern periphery of Kursk city. Analysis of prolonged image time series (19542018) has resulted in the reconstruction of natural landscape pattern in study area, mapping the expansion of waste deposit area under the period of active exploitation, delineation of five historic-functional zones of the dumping site. These zones are featured with different age and type of technogenic transformations in landscape structure, particular levels of heavy metals content and their distribution in soils and vegetation. Studies of spatial pattern and long-term (20002017) changes in contamination of soils and technogenic surface formations with heavy metals revealed that the maximum level of soil and vegetation pollution with heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, Sb) is fixed for the zone of excavation, mixing and secondary burying of industrial wastes in 2000s. Increased concentrations of Sb and Zn still persist in surface soil layers of chernozems outside the territory of abandoned dumping site.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85950102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-02DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019578-95
T. Sapelko, T. Gusentsova, M. Kulkova, A. Ludikova, V. P. Denisenkov, N. Korneenkova
In Southern Ladoga area, we studied the new archaeological site Podolje 1, located 4 km from Lake Ladoga. Studies included archaeological, lithological, geochemical, pollen, botanical, diatom and radiocarbon analyzes. As a result, new data were obtained that specified the development of the Ladoga transgression in the second half of the Holocene in the Southern Ladoga area. The dependence of the formation of cultural layers on changes in the hydrodynamic conditions of its existence is established. The lower cultural layer was formed before the beginning of the Ladoga transgression. The upper cultural layer was formed after the transgressive stage. At absolute elevations from 10 to 12 m above Sea level in the Southern Ladoga area from 6480 to 4446 cal. BP peatlands were formed. In this case, 64805944 cal. BP there was a period of some humid climate. 45344446 cal. BP, the beginning of the Ladoga transgression is recorded on the territory of the site. The completion of the Ladoga transgression was marked at the beginning of the Subatlantic period.
{"title":"Ladoga transgression and landscapes of the Holocene second half in the Southern Ladoga area (according to the study of the archaeological site Podolje-1)","authors":"T. Sapelko, T. Gusentsova, M. Kulkova, A. Ludikova, V. P. Denisenkov, N. Korneenkova","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019578-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019578-95","url":null,"abstract":"In Southern Ladoga area, we studied the new archaeological site Podolje 1, located 4 km from Lake Ladoga. Studies included archaeological, lithological, geochemical, pollen, botanical, diatom and radiocarbon analyzes. As a result, new data were obtained that specified the development of the Ladoga transgression in the second half of the Holocene in the Southern Ladoga area. The dependence of the formation of cultural layers on changes in the hydrodynamic conditions of its existence is established. The lower cultural layer was formed before the beginning of the Ladoga transgression. The upper cultural layer was formed after the transgressive stage. At absolute elevations from 10 to 12 m above Sea level in the Southern Ladoga area from 6480 to 4446 cal. BP peatlands were formed. In this case, 64805944 cal. BP there was a period of some humid climate. 45344446 cal. BP, the beginning of the Ladoga transgression is recorded on the territory of the site. The completion of the Ladoga transgression was marked at the beginning of the Subatlantic period.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82450051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-02DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019543-55
S. Dolgov, N. Koronkevich
The article analyzes on the example of the Linda river basin, the tributary of the Cheboksary reservoir, contribution of the main elements of its vertical hydrological structure (precipitation, surface and underground runoff, verhovodka runoff) in the formation of nutrients removal from rivers catchments in the southern forest zone of the Russian plain. The removal of nutrients from the Linda river catchment area with various elements of water flow for the year, its high-water and low-water periods was calculated. It is shown that due to the increased role of the changed hydro-climatic conditions, especially due to the increased flow of infiltration origin (underground and verhovodka runoff), the nutrients removal has increased in recent years. Anthropogenic component of nutrient leaching into the Cheboksary reservoir from Linda river catchment was identified. It is reduced in recent decades by the background dispersion in the catchment, diffuse nutrients leaching to surface and underground flow of natural origin.
{"title":"Modern changes of nutrients’ removal into the southern forest zone rivers of Volga basin","authors":"S. Dolgov, N. Koronkevich","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019543-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019543-55","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes on the example of the Linda river basin, the tributary of the Cheboksary reservoir, contribution of the main elements of its vertical hydrological structure (precipitation, surface and underground runoff, verhovodka runoff) in the formation of nutrients removal from rivers catchments in the southern forest zone of the Russian plain. The removal of nutrients from the Linda river catchment area with various elements of water flow for the year, its high-water and low-water periods was calculated. It is shown that due to the increased role of the changed hydro-climatic conditions, especially due to the increased flow of infiltration origin (underground and verhovodka runoff), the nutrients removal has increased in recent years. Anthropogenic component of nutrient leaching into the Cheboksary reservoir from Linda river catchment was identified. It is reduced in recent decades by the background dispersion in the catchment, diffuse nutrients leaching to surface and underground flow of natural origin.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89824507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-02DOI: 10.31857/s2587-556620195121-130
Y. Gladkiy, Ю Н Гладкий, V. Sukhorukov, В Д Сухоруков
Attention is drawn to the serious miscalculations of well-known theorists of post-industrial society, which limited to sociological and economic analysis and underestimating the role of the geographical environment. Recognizing the need to create a normal environment (D. Bell), the theorists of the society of the future, in fact, abstract from the biosphere basis of Man, from the accelerating transformation of the age-old biogeochemical cycle of substances on the planet and dangerous damage to the film of life. This position is associated by the authors with geographical nihilism. They are convinced that the recognition of such main source of modern progress as knowledge, which can change the world around us, is not a reason to articulate future society in isolation from the natural world. No post-economic society can function without extractive industries, agricultural sector, natural recreation areas, etc. It is emphasized that the idea of a non-natural society is promoted by well-known authors without taking into account at least half of humanity, where poverty, disease, hunger and malnutrition continue to tear society at the seams and where the golden billion draws raw materials. It is concluded that the creation of a knowledge society in Russia is unthinkable without the use of abundant natural resources necessary for the multi-cost replacement of the main part of the production funds and the accumulation of budgetary funds.
{"title":"On natural nihilism of analysts of the post-industrial society","authors":"Y. Gladkiy, Ю Н Гладкий, V. Sukhorukov, В Д Сухоруков","doi":"10.31857/s2587-556620195121-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-556620195121-130","url":null,"abstract":"Attention is drawn to the serious miscalculations of well-known theorists of post-industrial society, which limited to sociological and economic analysis and underestimating the role of the geographical environment. Recognizing the need to create a normal environment (D. Bell), the theorists of the society of the future, in fact, abstract from the biosphere basis of Man, from the accelerating transformation of the age-old biogeochemical cycle of substances on the planet and dangerous damage to the film of life. This position is associated by the authors with geographical nihilism. They are convinced that the recognition of such main source of modern progress as knowledge, which can change the world around us, is not a reason to articulate future society in isolation from the natural world. No post-economic society can function without extractive industries, agricultural sector, natural recreation areas, etc. It is emphasized that the idea of a non-natural society is promoted by well-known authors without taking into account at least half of humanity, where poverty, disease, hunger and malnutrition continue to tear society at the seams and where the golden billion draws raw materials. It is concluded that the creation of a knowledge society in Russia is unthinkable without the use of abundant natural resources necessary for the multi-cost replacement of the main part of the production funds and the accumulation of budgetary funds.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76359111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-02DOI: 10.31857/s2587-556620195131-140
G. Matishov, Г Г Матишов, A. Kleshchenkov, А. В. Клещенков, E. Kirillova, Е. Э. Кириллова
The article presents the results of the expeditionary investigations carried out from the 50 Let Pobedy nuclear icebreaker to research the present physiographic conditions of the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean and estimations of the main features that may reflect the global climatic variability of the seas and oceans of the Arctic. The observations of the ice lanes, hummocks, puddles, icebergs, the thickness and closeness of ice allowed us to make a real picture of the ice cover in the second half of August 2017. The zonal distribution of drifting ice, air temperature, temperature and salinity of seawater is shown. The results of observations and conclusions presented in the article reflect the simultaneous situation of the most western part of the Central Arctic adjacent to the Norwegian-Greenland basin. The analysis of new data of the structure and distribution of sea ice and icebergs gives a reason to present a number of general conclusions about the variability of ice thickness and closeness, relative age, the ratio of the area covered with ice and pure water. Recommendations about the development of new satellite systems for a reliable assessment of the seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of the area and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean are presented.
{"title":"Results of the expedition to the North Pole on the icebreaker “50 let pobedy”","authors":"G. Matishov, Г Г Матишов, A. Kleshchenkov, А. В. Клещенков, E. Kirillova, Е. Э. Кириллова","doi":"10.31857/s2587-556620195131-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-556620195131-140","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the expeditionary investigations carried out from the 50 Let Pobedy nuclear icebreaker to research the present physiographic conditions of the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean and estimations of the main features that may reflect the global climatic variability of the seas and oceans of the Arctic. The observations of the ice lanes, hummocks, puddles, icebergs, the thickness and closeness of ice allowed us to make a real picture of the ice cover in the second half of August 2017. The zonal distribution of drifting ice, air temperature, temperature and salinity of seawater is shown. The results of observations and conclusions presented in the article reflect the simultaneous situation of the most western part of the Central Arctic adjacent to the Norwegian-Greenland basin. The analysis of new data of the structure and distribution of sea ice and icebergs gives a reason to present a number of general conclusions about the variability of ice thickness and closeness, relative age, the ratio of the area covered with ice and pure water. Recommendations about the development of new satellite systems for a reliable assessment of the seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of the area and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean are presented.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81322147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019485-96
A. Zakharov, А Л Захаров, E. Konstantinov, Е А Константинов
Geological and geomorphological structure of the “Chervonaya Pad’”, one of the largest orientated depressions of Eastern Azov region, was considered. The study is based on the results of the analysis of remote-sensing data and new geological data obtained during manual drilling and studying the coastal outcrops. Features of the morphological similarity between the neighboring large depressions and “Chervonaya Pad’” was revealed. It is evidence of the unity of their origin. This allows us to consider “Chervonaya Pad’” as a model object for research. The features of the geological structure and morphology of the “Chervonaya Pad’” show that the depression is a denudation form developed in the cover of loess deposits as a result of the impact of airflow on the surface. According to the paleosol stratigraphy, it was revealed that the main stage of the formation of the depression was in the end of the Middle Pleistocene.Based on the material obtained, the authors verify the existing hypotheses of the formation of the large flat-bottom depression relief of the Eastern Azov region. It is revealed that the previously proposed mechanisms for the formation of large depressions (thermokarst, erosion-suffusion, loess subsidence, estuary-lake) do not consistent with the actual data on the geological-geomorphological structure of the “Chervonaya Pad’”. The authors propose the hypothesis of the eolian-denudation (deflation) origin of large depressions of the Eastern Azov region.
{"title":"Structure of large flat-bottom depressions on loess interfluves of eastern Azov region (on the example of “Chervonaya Pad'”)","authors":"A. Zakharov, А Л Захаров, E. Konstantinov, Е А Константинов","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019485-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019485-96","url":null,"abstract":"Geological and geomorphological structure of the “Chervonaya Pad’”, one of the largest orientated depressions of Eastern Azov region, was considered. The study is based on the results of the analysis of remote-sensing data and new geological data obtained during manual drilling and studying the coastal outcrops. Features of the morphological similarity between the neighboring large depressions and “Chervonaya Pad’” was revealed. It is evidence of the unity of their origin. This allows us to consider “Chervonaya Pad’” as a model object for research. The features of the geological structure and morphology of the “Chervonaya Pad’” show that the depression is a denudation form developed in the cover of loess deposits as a result of the impact of airflow on the surface. According to the paleosol stratigraphy, it was revealed that the main stage of the formation of the depression was in the end of the Middle Pleistocene.Based on the material obtained, the authors verify the existing hypotheses of the formation of the large flat-bottom depression relief of the Eastern Azov region. It is revealed that the previously proposed mechanisms for the formation of large depressions (thermokarst, erosion-suffusion, loess subsidence, estuary-lake) do not consistent with the actual data on the geological-geomorphological structure of the “Chervonaya Pad’”. The authors propose the hypothesis of the eolian-denudation (deflation) origin of large depressions of the Eastern Azov region.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85121132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019463-72
V. Popova, В В Попова, E. Babina, Елена Дмитриевна Бабина, A. Georgiadi, А Г Георгиади
The relation of the Volga runoff to the change of climatic factors, significant for the river runoff, is considered since the middle of the last century. The quantitative estimates of the impact of precipitation anomalies (taking into account the solid and liquid phase) on the variability of the annual runoff of the Volga show that the leading role of solid precipitation is detected in the period preceding the current warming (from the early 1950s to the mid-1970s), and also from the mid-1990s, with the onset of warming hiatus. From the mid-1970s to the 1990s, during the period of winter temperature growth, a significant increase in the role of liquid precipitation and their dominance in the variability of the Volga's runoff is observed. The differences between these periods are also noticeable in the percentage of liquid precipitation in the annual amount, which in turn has an ambiguous effect on the spring runoff of the Volga. The long-term trends of spring runoff and the share of liquid precipitation (in annual amount) before and after the mid-1970s coincide in sign. In the same time, there is a negative correlation between the anomalies of these parameters in interannual scale. The last indicates a decrease in the volume of runoff in the years of increasing the proportion of liquid precipitation.
{"title":"Climatic factors of the Volga runoff variability in the second half of 20th – early 21st centuries","authors":"V. Popova, В В Попова, E. Babina, Елена Дмитриевна Бабина, A. Georgiadi, А Г Георгиади","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019463-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019463-72","url":null,"abstract":"The relation of the Volga runoff to the change of climatic factors, significant for the river runoff, is considered since the middle of the last century. The quantitative estimates of the impact of precipitation anomalies (taking into account the solid and liquid phase) on the variability of the annual runoff of the Volga show that the leading role of solid precipitation is detected in the period preceding the current warming (from the early 1950s to the mid-1970s), and also from the mid-1990s, with the onset of warming hiatus. From the mid-1970s to the 1990s, during the period of winter temperature growth, a significant increase in the role of liquid precipitation and their dominance in the variability of the Volga's runoff is observed. The differences between these periods are also noticeable in the percentage of liquid precipitation in the annual amount, which in turn has an ambiguous effect on the spring runoff of the Volga. The long-term trends of spring runoff and the share of liquid precipitation (in annual amount) before and after the mid-1970s coincide in sign. In the same time, there is a negative correlation between the anomalies of these parameters in interannual scale. The last indicates a decrease in the volume of runoff in the years of increasing the proportion of liquid precipitation. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83621709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019431-45
Е. В. Антонов, А. Г. Махрова
The paper attempts to analyze trends in development of the largest Russian urban agglomerations, which took place after the latest population census during 2010-2018. Research methodology is based on a functional approach engaging transport accessibility isochrones for delimitation of agglomeration cores. Core delimitation along with an analysis of population sizes and development index dynamics was carried out for 36 major agglomerations. The results of these calculations are presented for 4 alternatives: from “minimum” up to “maximum” indicators corresponding with the microzoning network developed by E.E. Leyzerovich. As no changes in number of agglomerations by development classes were unveiled the number of developed agglomerations still remains low. Tendencies of continued population concentration in major agglomerations and their cores are observed. Monocentric attribute of most of the largest agglomerations is shown based on a case study of the Moscow capital agglomeration. The study of the Central Russian megalopolis, which is a higher-level agglomerative structure under the process of formation, revealed its fragmentation and underdevelopment of lower-level agglomerations within.
{"title":"Largest urban agglomerations and super-agglomerations in Russia","authors":"Е. В. Антонов, А. Г. Махрова","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019431-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019431-45","url":null,"abstract":"The paper attempts to analyze trends in development of the largest Russian urban agglomerations, which took place after the latest population census during 2010-2018. Research methodology is based on a functional approach engaging transport accessibility isochrones for delimitation of agglomeration cores. Core delimitation along with an analysis of population sizes and development index dynamics was carried out for 36 major agglomerations. The results of these calculations are presented for 4 alternatives: from “minimum” up to “maximum” indicators corresponding with the microzoning network developed by E.E. Leyzerovich. As no changes in number of agglomerations by development classes were unveiled the number of developed agglomerations still remains low. Tendencies of continued population concentration in major agglomerations and their cores are observed. Monocentric attribute of most of the largest agglomerations is shown based on a case study of the Moscow capital agglomeration. The study of the Central Russian megalopolis, which is a higher-level agglomerative structure under the process of formation, revealed its fragmentation and underdevelopment of lower-level agglomerations within.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83674555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019424-30
A. Chibilev, А. А. Чибилёв, A. Sokolov, Анатолий Андреевич Соколов, O. Rudneva, О. С. Руднева
Main aspects of optimizing the use of natural agro-potential of the steppe zone of European Russia are considered taking into account the available natural and socio-economic resources. The study was carried out by comparing the actual and biopotential yield of grain crops as key agricultural crops of the European Russia’s steppe zone. About half of the Russian grain harvest takes place in this area. Areas with different efficiency of agro-potentsial use were identified using the method of spatial expert assessments. The first group includes areas with optimal efficiency of agricultural land use, where the actual yield is close to biopotential. In the second group there are areas with average efficiency, the actual yield is more than 75% of the biopotential. The third group includes areas with low efficiency. The actual yield is less biopotential in this area. Most of the territory of the European Russia’s steppe zone is characterized by low efficiency of agricultural environmental management. There are significant areas of productive arable land, the biological potential of which is not used rationally due to organizational and economic difficulties. The current level of management does not reveal the potential of cultivated soils in each region. Methods and culture of agriculture may differ significantly within the same farm, which leads to variations in actual yields, while reserves increase the actual yield can be up to 50% of its current level. In turn, the identified features can serve as the basis for the development of geographically differentiated programs of rural areas’ integrated development in the steppe zone of European Russia.
{"title":"On the efficiency of natural agro-potentsial use in the steppe regions of European Russia","authors":"A. Chibilev, А. А. Чибилёв, A. Sokolov, Анатолий Андреевич Соколов, O. Rudneva, О. С. Руднева","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019424-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019424-30","url":null,"abstract":"Main aspects of optimizing the use of natural agro-potential of the steppe zone of European Russia are considered taking into account the available natural and socio-economic resources. The study was carried out by comparing the actual and biopotential yield of grain crops as key agricultural crops of the European Russia’s steppe zone. About half of the Russian grain harvest takes place in this area. Areas with different efficiency of agro-potentsial use were identified using the method of spatial expert assessments. The first group includes areas with optimal efficiency of agricultural land use, where the actual yield is close to biopotential. In the second group there are areas with average efficiency, the actual yield is more than 75% of the biopotential. The third group includes areas with low efficiency. The actual yield is less biopotential in this area. Most of the territory of the European Russia’s steppe zone is characterized by low efficiency of agricultural environmental management. There are significant areas of productive arable land, the biological potential of which is not used rationally due to organizational and economic difficulties. The current level of management does not reveal the potential of cultivated soils in each region. Methods and culture of agriculture may differ significantly within the same farm, which leads to variations in actual yields, while reserves increase the actual yield can be up to 50% of its current level. In turn, the identified features can serve as the basis for the development of geographically differentiated programs of rural areas’ integrated development in the steppe zone of European Russia.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80733719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.31857/s2587-5566201943-23
G. Lappo, Г М Лаппо
The diversity of cities, their systems and networks has greatly contributed to solving the problems of urban development and enhancing their role in the spatial development of the country. The article aims to show the need for diversity of cities, especially important for Russia due to its inherent differentiation, as the needs of cities of a certain type and category and the conditions of their formation and functioning. This makes the achievement of urban diversity one of the key goals of the state urban policy, ensuring the improvement of the territorial organization of Russia and its parts and improving the efficiency of its economy. The work is based on statistical data characterizing the dynamics of cities and their distribution over the territory; published works on geographical urban studies and socioeconomic development of Russia and its regions; on author’s experience in research of the cities and agglomerations, participation in the state examination of national economic projects, master plans of the large cities, territorial planning at country and regional levels. Historical, cartographic, statistical, comparative-geographical, typological, conceptual design methods are used. Multi-aspect consideration of the theme allowed to draw conclusions useful for successful state urban policy.
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