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Landuse Patterns, Air Quality and Bird Diversity in Urban Landscapes of Delhi 德里城市景观中的土地利用模式、空气质量和鸟类多样性
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.01.039
V. Kumar
In the present paper we attempted to explain the relationships among the landuse pattern, levels of air pollutants and bird diversity based on data from 5 sampling sites in Delhi. Five landuse categories- percent built up area, tree cover, park area and barren area were recognized in the study area. The objective of this study is to find out the effects of landuse changes on air pollution and bird diversity and whether birds can serve as indicator of landuse changes and air pollutants. The levels of six air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NOX, SO2, Ozone and Benzene) from the monitoring stations were used. The bird diversity was assessed using conventional measures. All the sites showed remarkable differences with respect to each of the five landuse categories, air pollution levels, and bird diversity. The results suggest that landuse changes influence air pollution and bird diversity and some bird species can be used as indicator of landuse change and air pollution.
在本文中,我们试图根据德里5个采样点的数据解释土地利用模式、空气污染物水平和鸟类多样性之间的关系。研究区共确定了五个土地利用类别——建成面积百分比、树木覆盖率、公园面积和贫瘠面积。本研究的目的是了解土地利用变化对空气污染和鸟类多样性的影响,以及鸟类是否可以作为土地利用变化和空气污染物的指标。使用了监测站的六种空气污染物(PM10、PM2.5、NOX、SO2、臭氧和苯)的水平。鸟类多样性采用传统测量方法进行评估。所有地点在五种土地利用类别、空气污染水平和鸟类多样性方面都表现出显著差异。结果表明,土地利用变化影响着大气污染和鸟类多样性,一些鸟类可以作为土地利用变化和大气污染的指标。
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引用次数: 1
Factors Affecting Avifaunal Diversity in Selected Agro-Ecosystems of Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India 影响喜马偕尔邦农业生态系统鸟类多样性的因素
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.01.067
J. D. Kottawa-Arachchi
Avifaunal diversity in eight different habitats of Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur was studied in order to find factors affecting the occurrence of bird species. Bird populations were sampled in different agro-ecosystems such as farm fields (experimental and organic), wetland, abandoned tea plantation, administration area, playground, secondary forest and stream vegetation. A total of 125 species of birds belonging to 51 families, including 33 winter visitors and 27 summer visitors have been recorded. Among them, 78 insectivores followed by 18 carnivores were recorded. The abandoned tea field was a diverse habitat that maintained the highest species richness recording 50 species, followed by stream vegetation and organic farm. Seasonal variations and habitat heterogeneity play crucial role in shaping species richness. Plant diversity, vegetation structure and microhabitats support different feeding guilds, temporary refuge and migratory route which result in increased bird diversity. Based on different categories of birds, the cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters of habitats, first cluster containing administration area and secondary forest habitats, experimental farm and wetland grouped in cluster II, whereas cluster III contained habitats viz. abandoned tea plantation, playground, organic farm and stream vegetation. Several conservation measures such as increasing plant diversity, conducting regular and long-term systematic studies, introducing bird friendly management plan are recommended to conserve and enhance avifaunal diversity in the university.
研究了位于帕兰布尔的喜马偕尔邦农业大学八个不同栖息地的鸟类多样性,以寻找影响鸟类物种发生的因素。对不同农业生态系统中的鸟类种群进行了采样,如农田(实验和有机)、湿地、废弃茶园、行政区、游乐场、次生林和溪流植被。共记录了51科125种鸟类,包括33名冬季游客和27名夏季游客。其中食虫动物78种,食肉动物18种。废弃的茶园是一个多样化的栖息地,保持着最高的物种丰富度,记录了50个物种,其次是溪流植被和有机农场。季节变化和栖息地异质性对物种丰富度的形成起着至关重要的作用。植物多样性、植被结构和微栖息地支持不同的觅食群落、临时避难所和迁徙路线,从而增加了鸟类的多样性。基于不同类别的鸟类,聚类分析揭示了三个不同的栖息地集群,第一个集群包含行政区和次生林栖息地、实验农场和湿地,归入第二集群,而第三集群包含栖息地,即废弃茶园、游乐场、有机农场和溪流植被。建议采取一些保护措施,如增加植物多样性、进行定期和长期的系统研究、引入鸟类友好管理计划,以保护和提高大学的鸟类多样性。
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引用次数: 1
A New Uralophantes from the South Ukraine (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Ipaeinae) 乌克兰南部一个新的乌拉尔虫目(蜘蛛目,林虫科,伊帕亚科)
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.01.021
V. Gnelitsa
A Linyphiidae spiders Uralophantes ponticus sp. n. from Southern Ukraine (Kherson, Luhansk Regions) and Russia (Penza Region), differing from U. troitskensis Esyunin, 1992 from the Southern Urals by the male palp parts and female epigynum, is described.
本文描述了一种产于乌克兰南部(赫尔松、卢甘斯克地区)和俄罗斯(奔萨地区)的斑腹蛛(Uralophantes ponticus sp.n.),与1992年产于乌拉尔南部的斑腹蜘蛛(U.troitskensis Esyunin)在雄性须部和雌性上咽方面有所不同。
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引用次数: 0
Two Different Cretaceous Worlds: Taimyr and Kachin Amber Trichopterofaunas 两个不同的白垩纪世界:泰米尔和克钦琥珀毛翅龙
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.01.051
E. Perkovsky
Polycentropodidae constitute 55.6% of Taimyr amber caddisfly species with known males, and only 4.8% of caddisfly species with known males in Kachin amber. Micro-caddisflies obviously dominate in Taimyr amber (Archaeopolycentra, Polycentropodidae), Kachin amber (Palerasnitsynus, Psychomyiidae) and New Jersey amber (Hydroptilidae); both Psychomyiidae and Hydroptilidae are absent in Taimyr amber, Polycentropodidae are absent in New Jersey amber and rare in Kachin amber. The domination of Polycentropodidae was proposed as a new characteristics of Baeomorpha Realm, their rarity or absence proposed as a new characteristics of Isoptera Realm.
在克钦琥珀中,多足目动物占已知雄性的泰梅尔琥珀球童物种的55.6%,而已知雄性的球童物种仅占4.8%。在泰梅尔琥珀(古菌门,多中心足目)、克钦琥珀(Palerasnitsynus,Psychomyiidae)和新泽西琥珀(Hydroptilidae)中,微孢子虫明显占主导地位;Taimir琥珀中没有Psychomyiidae和Hydroptilidae,新泽西琥珀中没有Polycentropodae,克钦琥珀中很少有。多中心足类的优势被认为是Baeomorpha领域的一个新特征,其稀有或不存在被认为是等翅目领域的一种新特征。
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引用次数: 4
A New Species of Rhagoletis (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Switzerland, with Discussion of its Relationships within the Genus 标题瑞士蝗属一新种(双翅目:蝗科)及其属内关系的探讨
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.01.001
S. Korneyev
Rhagoletis merzi sp. n., is described and illustrated based on specimens swept and reared from Juniperus sabina L. in Switzerland. A comparative review of Palaearctic species and a key to Palearctic and Nearctic species similar to R. merzi is provided. Based on DNA sequences from the COI, CAD, 28S, period, and AATS genes (4270 bp) of 92 isolates from two outgroup species (Anastrepha ludens, Euphranta canadensis), one species of Carpomya and 35 species representing most of species groups of Rhagoletis, a MrBayes analysis recovered a monophyletic lineage of Juniper-infesting species within a monophyletic cluster of R. fausta, R. batava, as well as the suavis, cingulata, pomonella, tabellaria and juniperina groups. Th e juniperina group includes both Nearctic (R. juniperina and undescribed forms) and Palaearctic species (R. fl avigenualis and R. merzi). Rhagoletis merzi is more similar to the Nearctic R. juniperina in both morphological characters (wing pattern, occiput, mesonotum and legs coloration, shape of male surstyli) and molecular sequences than to the Palearctic R. fl avigenualis.
描述和说明了在瑞士从刺柏(Juniperus sabina L.)中采集和饲养的标本。本文对古北种进行了比较综述,并对古北种和新北极种进行了分类。基于对2个外群种(Anastrepha ludens, Euphranta canadensis)、1个Carpomya种和35个代表Rhagoletis大部分种群的92个分离株的COI、CAD、28S、period和AATS基因(4270 bp)的DNA序列进行了MrBayes分析,在fasta、R. batava、suavis、cingulata、pomonella、tabellaria和juniperina群的单系群中恢复了刺柏侵染种的单系谱系。刺柏群包括新北极种(刺柏和未描述的形式)和古北种(刺柏和merzi)。在形态特征(翼型、枕部、中掌部和腿的颜色、雄肢的形状)和分子序列上与新北极的刺柏更相似,而与古北极的刺柏更相似。
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引用次数: 2
Diet, Prey Selection and Biomass Consumption of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) in Algeria 阿尔及利亚大蟾蜍(Phalacrocorax carbo)的日粮、猎物选择和生物量消耗
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.01.057
L. Belfethi
This is the first study on the diet of the Great Cormorant wintering in Algeria. It is carried out in Beni Haroun, the largest dam lake in the country, in north-east of Algeria. The trophic menu of Phalacrocorax carboin this lake is based on four species of fish; Abramis bramas, Carassius carassius, Barbus barbus and Cyprinus carpio. However, Barbus barbus and Carassius carassius represent the two most important species in Great Cormorant’s diet. The total consumed biomass is 155,364.18 g, and the average biomass contained in each pellet varies between 330.7 and 2,953 g. The biomass of consumed fish varies between 36.89 g and 2,501 g. The size of the caught fish records values ​​between 13.7 cm and 52.49 cm. The number of consumed fish per pellet varies between 1 and 9. The results show that the great cormorant of Beni-Haroun Dam Lake consumes between 573 g and 2,353.3 g of fish per day and between 49.8 t and 185 t each month. However, the highest value is recorded in January (between 81.5 and 300.5 t). The Great Cormorant of Beni-Haroun dam lake could have a significant impact on continental and recreational fishing at this site.
这是第一次研究在阿尔及利亚越冬的大鸬鹚的饮食。它是在阿尔及利亚东北部该国最大的水坝湖贝尼哈龙进行的。该湖长肢珊瑚的营养菜单以四种鱼类为基础;艾布拉姆斯·布拉马斯,卡拉修斯·卡拉修斯,巴巴斯·巴巴斯和塞普里诺斯·卡皮奥。然而,Barbus Barbus和Carassius Carassius是大鸬鹚饮食中最重要的两个物种。消耗的总生物量为155,364.18 g,每个颗粒所含的平均生物量在330.7 ~ 2953 g之间。食用鱼的生物量在36.89克至2501克之间。捕获的鱼的大小记录值在13.7厘米到52.49厘米之间。每个颗粒所消耗的鱼的数量在1到9之间变化。结果表明,贝尼-哈龙坝湖大鸬鹚的日食用量为573 ~ 2353.3 g,月食用量为49.8 ~ 185 t。然而,最高的记录是在一月份(81.5至300.5吨之间)。贝尼-哈龙大坝湖的大鸬鹚可能对该地点的大陆和休闲捕鱼产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 1
The Data on the Reproductive Biology of the Satanic Leaf-Tailed Geko, Uroplatus phantasticus (Squamata, Gekkonidae), at the BION Terrarium Center as a Contribution to ex situ Offspring Programs 魔鬼叶尾壁虎的生殖生物学数据(鳞目,壁虎科),在BION水族馆中心作为对迁地后代计划的贡献
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.01.029
O. Marushchak
This paper represents the results of a project on mass breeding of satanic leaf-tailed geckos (Uroplatus phantasticus Boulenger, 1888) in controlled laboratory conditions of BION Terrarium Center (Kyiv, Ukraine) in 2020. Given the growing popularity of U. phantasticus among hobbyists all over the world, it is important to develop a method of mass breeding of the species in conditions of herpetoculture. The work provides statistical data on the duration of gestation and incubation of eggs, obtained from a fairly large sample. The mean duration of gestation period for females (n = 119; exact counts of inter-clutch periods) was 34 days (min = 12, max = 64). The average duration of incubation was 94 days (min = 67, max = 130). The work also contains information on peculiarities of mating behavior, breeding ecology, copulation, percentage of infertile eggs and experience of maintaining a breeding stock with number of females exceeding that of males. Such information and its analysis are of particular scientific and practical value for the development of management plans for the conservation of the species, both in the wild and ex situ.
本文代表了2020年在乌克兰基辅BION水族馆中心(BION Terrarium Center)控制的实验室条件下大规模繁殖魔鬼叶尾壁虎(Uroplatus phantasticus Boulenger, 1888)项目的结果。鉴于在世界各地的爱好者中越来越受欢迎的U. phantasticus,开发一种在疱疹动物培养条件下大规模繁殖该物种的方法是很重要的。这项工作提供了从相当大的样本中获得的关于妊娠期和卵孵化期的统计数据。雌性平均妊娠期(n = 119;离合期的精确计数为34天(最小为12天,最大为64天)。平均潜伏期为94天(最短67天,最长130天)。这项工作还包括关于交配行为的特点、繁殖生态学、交配、不育卵的百分比和维持雌性数量超过雄性数量的繁殖群的经验的信息。这些资料及其分析对于制定保护野生和移地物种的管理计划具有特别的科学和实用价值。
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引用次数: 0
Helminth Diversity in Teleost Fishes from the South Orkney Islands Region, West Antarctica 南极西部南奥克尼群岛地区硬骨鱼中蠕虫的多样性
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.02.135
T. Kuzmina, K. O. Vishnyakova, O. Lisitsyna, E. Korol, Y. Kuzmin
Helminths of 12 fish species collected near the South Orkney Islands, West Antarctica were studied. In the whole sample of 115 fish specimens, we identified one species of Monogenea, 5 species of Trematoda, 4 species of Cestoda, 5 species of Nematoda, and 7 species of Acanthocephala. All cestode species, 3 species of nematodes, and 5 species of acanthocephalans were represented only by larval stages; fish are definitive hosts for the remaining 10 helminth species. Details of composition and structure of helminth communities were studied in 3 fish species: Chaenocephalus aceratus (Lönnberg, 1906), Champsocephalus gunnari Lönnberg, 1905, and Pseudochaenichthys georgianus Norman, 1937, each represented by more than 20 specimens in a sample. In these hosts, 19, 8, and 16 helminth species were found, correspondingly. In the helminth communities of C. aceratus and P. georgianus, the highest values of the infection prevalence and abundance were recorded for larval cestodes (Diphyllobothrium sp., Tetrabothriidea), nematodes (Pseudoterranova sp., Contracaecum sp.), acanthocephalans (Corynosoma spp.), as well as adults of the trematode Neolebouria georgiensis Gibson, 1976. The same trematode species and larval cestodes predominated in the helminth community of C. gunnari. All recorded species of parasites are generalists, each known from a range of fish hosts in Antarctica.
研究人员在南极洲西部的南奥克尼群岛附近收集了12种鱼类的蠕虫。在115份鱼类标本中,鉴定出单目目1种、吸虫目5种、缝虫目4种、线虫目5种、棘头目7种。所有囊虫种、线虫3种、棘头目5种均以幼虫期为代表;鱼类是其余10种蠕虫的最终宿主。对3种鱼类的蠕虫群落组成和结构进行了详细的研究,分别是:Chaenocephalus aceratus (Lönnberg, 1906)、Champsocephalus gunnari Lönnberg(1905)和Pseudochaenichthys georgianus Norman(1937),每种鱼类在一个样本中都有20多个标本。在这些寄主中分别发现19种、8种和16种蠕虫。在棘球线虫和乔治亚棘球线虫的蠕虫群落中,感染流行率和丰度最高的是幼虫虫(双叶虫、四虫虫)、线虫(Pseudoterranova sp.、Contracaecum sp.)、棘头虫(Corynosoma sp.)以及乔治亚新吸虫成虫(Neolebouria georgiensis Gibson, 1976)。贡纳氏夜蛾蠕虫群落以相同的吸虫种类和幼虫幼虫为主。所有记录的寄生虫种类都是多面手,每一种都来自南极洲的一系列鱼类宿主。
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引用次数: 1
Distribution of Sibling Species Yellow-legged Gull, Larus michahellis and Caspian Gull, Larus cachinnans (Charadriiformes, Laridae), on the Black Sea Coast 黑海沿岸黄腿鸥和里海鸥同胞的分布(鸦形目,鸦科)
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.02.165
A. Tsvelykh
Distribution of sibling species Larus cachinnans (Pallas, 1811) and Larus michahellis (J. F. Naumann 1840) were studied on coast of the Black Sea. Originally, Larus michahellis breeds on seaside cliffs and rocky islets of the Southern part of the Black Sea and of the Crimean Peninsula. Having adapted to breeding on the roofs of buildings, this species is spread to the north along the seaside: to Novorossiysk on the eastern coast, to Constanta on the western one. Additionally, an isolated population of Larus cachinnans breeds on low-lying islands and sand spits mostly in the Northwestern Black Sea. Here, the species spreads on the seaside from Constanta northward to Karkinitian Bay. Further to the east, breeding populations of Caspian Gull are found on the Black Sea coast only at the southeastern edge of the Taman Peninsula to the south to Anapa. The coast of the Sea of Azov, adjacent to the northeastern part of the Black Sea, is densely populated by Larus cachinnans. Only in the southern part of the Sea of Azov, on the coast of the Kerch Peninsula, there is a small population of Larus michahellis.
对黑海沿岸亲缘种Larus cachinans (Pallas, 1811)和Larus michahellis (j.f. Naumann, 1840)的分布进行了研究。最初,Larus michahellis在黑海南部和克里米亚半岛的海边悬崖和岩石小岛上繁殖。在适应了在建筑物的屋顶上繁殖后,这个物种沿着海边向北扩散:东部海岸到新罗西斯克,西部海岸到康斯坦察。此外,一个孤立的种群在低洼的岛屿上繁殖,主要在黑海西北部的沙口。在这里,这个物种在海边从康斯坦察向北扩散到卡尔基斯提安湾。再往东,里海海鸥的繁殖地只在黑海沿岸的阿纳帕以南的塔曼半岛的东南边缘。亚速海的海岸,毗邻黑海的东北部,密集地居住着Larus cachinans。只有在亚速海的南部,在刻赤半岛的海岸,有一小部分的拉鲁斯米赫利斯。
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引用次数: 0
Bats of Central Ukraine: a Synopsis 乌克兰中部的蝙蝠:简介
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.03.203
L. Godlevska, S. Rebrov, P. Vorobei, M. Savchenko, P. Panchenko
Here, we represent the first review of the bat fauna of the large territory of Central Ukraine (to the west from Dnieper River). The review is based on results of the original survey in 1999–2021 and data from all available sources (publications, museum collections). Fauna of the region includes 24 bat species: Eptesicus, 2 species; Barbastella, 1; Myotis, 10; Nyctalus, 3; Pipistrellus, 4; Plecotus, 2; Vespertilio, 1; Rhinolophus, 1. For each species there is a short description of its distribution (illustrated by a map), used roosts, seasonality of presence and reproductive status within the study area. The bat fauna composition is analysed by three distinguished subregions, from north to south: of mixed forests, the forest-steppe, and the Dniester river. The estimation of prevalence and comparative abundance of the species in the region is given. The general review of bat roosts, by their types (under- and overground), seasonality of usage, and sheltered species is presented. The paper is supplemented with the extensive array of original, earlier unpublished, primary data on bat records in the region.
在这里,我们代表了对乌克兰中部大片领土(从第聂伯河向西)蝙蝠动物群的首次审查。该评估基于1999-2021年的原始调查结果和所有可用来源(出版物、博物馆藏品)的数据。区内区系包括蝙蝠24种:蝙蝠2种;Barbastella, 1;鼠耳蝠属、10;Nyctalus 3;Pipistrellus 4;Plecotus 2;Vespertilio, 1;Rhinolophus 1。对于每个物种,都有其分布(用地图说明)、使用的栖息地、存在的季节性和研究区域内的繁殖状况的简短描述。蝙蝠动物群组成由北向南按三个不同的分区进行分析:混交林、森林草原和德涅斯特河。并对该地区的流行度和相对丰度进行了估计。根据蝙蝠栖息的类型(地下和地上)、使用的季节性和被庇护的物种,对蝙蝠栖息进行了综述。该论文还补充了大量关于该地区蝙蝠记录的原始、早期未发表的原始数据。
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引用次数: 0
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