Axel Grund, Kerstin Senker, J. Dietrich, Stefan Fries, Brian M. Galla
{"title":"The comprehensive mindfulness experience: A typological approach to the potential benefits of mindfulness for dealing with motivational conflicts.","authors":"Axel Grund, Kerstin Senker, J. Dietrich, Stefan Fries, Brian M. Galla","doi":"10.1037/mot0000239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44997289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin T. Janson, Martin G. Köllner, K. Khalaidovski, L. Pülschen, Alexandra Rudnaya, Laura Stamm, O. C. Schultheiss
Implicit motives are commonly believed to orient behavior. Despite only sparse empirical evidence for this claim, an interplay of implicit motives and the attentional system seems plausible. In two pre-registered eye-tracking studies (total N = 263 after exclusions), we tested whether the implicit power motive (nPower), the capacity to derive pleasure from having impact on others, measured via the Picture Story Exercise, predicted participants’ attentional orienting. Participants were simultaneously presented neutral faces and facial expressions of emotion (FEEs), with the latter signaling either dominance or submission. In both studies, nPower predicted initial avoidance of anger FEEs, which were deemed to be an aversive dominance signal. Initial orienting towards submissive FEEs was not predicted significantly by nPower. Results are discussed in the light of recent findings in neuroscience and with reference to limitations of our design. Our findings suggest that implicit motives do have an orienting function regarding initial responses to the encounter of interpersonal dominance signals.
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Motive-Modulated Attentional Orienting: Implicit Power Motive Predicts Attentional Avoidance of Signals of Interpersonal Dominance","authors":"Kevin T. Janson, Martin G. Köllner, K. Khalaidovski, L. Pülschen, Alexandra Rudnaya, Laura Stamm, O. C. Schultheiss","doi":"10.1037/mot0000254.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000254.supp","url":null,"abstract":"Implicit motives are commonly believed to orient behavior. Despite only sparse empirical evidence for this claim, an interplay of implicit motives and the attentional system seems plausible. In two pre-registered eye-tracking studies (total N = 263 after exclusions), we tested whether the implicit power motive (nPower), the capacity to derive pleasure from having impact on others, measured via the Picture Story Exercise, predicted participants’ attentional orienting. Participants were simultaneously presented neutral faces and facial expressions of emotion (FEEs), with the latter signaling either dominance or submission. In both studies, nPower predicted initial avoidance of anger FEEs, which were deemed to be an aversive dominance signal. Initial orienting towards submissive FEEs was not predicted significantly by nPower. Results are discussed in the light of recent findings in neuroscience and with reference to limitations of our design. Our findings suggest that implicit motives do have an orienting function regarding initial responses to the encounter of interpersonal dominance signals.","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45654653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Cheval, D. A. Cabral, Marcos Daou, Mariane F. B. Bacelar, J. Parma, C. Forestier, Dan Orsholits, S. Maltagliati, D. Sander, M. Boisgontier, Matthew W. Miller
{"title":"Inhibitory control elicited by physical activity and inactivity stimuli: An electroencephalography study.","authors":"B. Cheval, D. A. Cabral, Marcos Daou, Mariane F. B. Bacelar, J. Parma, C. Forestier, Dan Orsholits, S. Maltagliati, D. Sander, M. Boisgontier, Matthew W. Miller","doi":"10.1037/mot0000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48725076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Stussi, Vanessa Sennwald, E. Pool, S. Delplanque, T. Brosch, F. Bianchi-Demicheli, D. Sander
{"title":"Individual concerns modulate reward-related learning and behaviors involving sexual outcomes.","authors":"Y. Stussi, Vanessa Sennwald, E. Pool, S. Delplanque, T. Brosch, F. Bianchi-Demicheli, D. Sander","doi":"10.1037/mot0000249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43576783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Morbée, B. Vermote, J. Waterschoot, L. Dieleman, B. Soenens, O. Van den Bergh, R. Ryan, J. Vanhalst, Gert-Jan De Muynck, M. Vansteenkiste
To limit the spreading of the SARS-CoV-2-virus, governments worldwide have introduced behavioral measures that require considerable effort from their citizens to adhere to. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, the present research sought to examine in a study among Belgian citizens the cross-sectional (total N = 45975, Mage = 50.42), week-to-week (subsample 1;N = 981, Mage = 41.32), and long-term (subsample 2;N = 5643, Mage = 53.09) associations between various individual motives to follow government guidelines and their self-reported adherence to these measures. Controlling for COVID-specific concerns and perceived risk for infection, autonomous motivation related positively to citizens' concurrent adherence (total sample), their increased week-to-week adherence during the lockdown (subsample 1), and their persistent adherence during an exit phase (subsample 2). Introjected regulation and external regulation were positively and negatively associated with concurrent adherence, respectively, but had no long-term predictive value. The findings indicate that citizens' autonomous motivation is a robust predictor of adherence, suggesting that politicians, policymakers, and experts do well to adopt a communication style that ongoingly fosters autonomous motivation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
{"title":"Adherence to COVID-19 measures: The critical role of autonomous motivation on a short- and long-term basis.","authors":"S. Morbée, B. Vermote, J. Waterschoot, L. Dieleman, B. Soenens, O. Van den Bergh, R. Ryan, J. Vanhalst, Gert-Jan De Muynck, M. Vansteenkiste","doi":"10.1037/mot0000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000250","url":null,"abstract":"To limit the spreading of the SARS-CoV-2-virus, governments worldwide have introduced behavioral measures that require considerable effort from their citizens to adhere to. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, the present research sought to examine in a study among Belgian citizens the cross-sectional (total N = 45975, Mage = 50.42), week-to-week (subsample 1;N = 981, Mage = 41.32), and long-term (subsample 2;N = 5643, Mage = 53.09) associations between various individual motives to follow government guidelines and their self-reported adherence to these measures. Controlling for COVID-specific concerns and perceived risk for infection, autonomous motivation related positively to citizens' concurrent adherence (total sample), their increased week-to-week adherence during the lockdown (subsample 1), and their persistent adherence during an exit phase (subsample 2). Introjected regulation and external regulation were positively and negatively associated with concurrent adherence, respectively, but had no long-term predictive value. The findings indicate that citizens' autonomous motivation is a robust predictor of adherence, suggesting that politicians, policymakers, and experts do well to adopt a communication style that ongoingly fosters autonomous motivation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44905782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Doerflinger, K. Byrka, Hanna Spychalska-Waszek, Sadia Zaman, P. Gollwitzer
According to symbolic self completion theory, individuals strive for their aspired-to identity goals by accumulating symbols that indicate the possession of that very identity. If individuals lack such symbols, lose them, or fail to acquire them, a state of identity goal incompleteness is triggered that motivates identity goal-directed behavior (i.e., acquiring new identity symbols). We add to this framework an empirical investigation of the interplay between two identity goals, addressing the question: Will individuals who are incomplete regarding one identity goal be more or less likely to engage in symbolization behavior toward a second identity goal if no opportunity to strive for the first (incomplete) identity goal is at hand? We identify in two experiments the overlap between the two identity goals as a moderator variable determining to what degree individuals who are incomplete in one identity goal engage in behavior related to the other identity goal. Two experiments with working parents were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. In both experiments, incompleteness (vs. a control condition) regarding the participants' professional identity goal was induced, and overlap between the professional and parent identity goals was measured. We found that overlap regarding moral values (Study 1) and basic motives (Study 2) between the parent and professional identity goals was a positive predictor of parenting-related behavior in the incomplete, but not the control, condition. Incomplete participants with relatively low overlap were less likely, while incomplete participants with relatively high overlap were more likely, to engage in parenting-related behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
{"title":"Committed professionals who are also engaged parents: Can they self-symbolize across identity goals?","authors":"J. Doerflinger, K. Byrka, Hanna Spychalska-Waszek, Sadia Zaman, P. Gollwitzer","doi":"10.1037/mot0000245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000245","url":null,"abstract":"According to symbolic self completion theory, individuals strive for their aspired-to identity goals by accumulating symbols that indicate the possession of that very identity. If individuals lack such symbols, lose them, or fail to acquire them, a state of identity goal incompleteness is triggered that motivates identity goal-directed behavior (i.e., acquiring new identity symbols). We add to this framework an empirical investigation of the interplay between two identity goals, addressing the question: Will individuals who are incomplete regarding one identity goal be more or less likely to engage in symbolization behavior toward a second identity goal if no opportunity to strive for the first (incomplete) identity goal is at hand? We identify in two experiments the overlap between the two identity goals as a moderator variable determining to what degree individuals who are incomplete in one identity goal engage in behavior related to the other identity goal. Two experiments with working parents were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. In both experiments, incompleteness (vs. a control condition) regarding the participants' professional identity goal was induced, and overlap between the professional and parent identity goals was measured. We found that overlap regarding moral values (Study 1) and basic motives (Study 2) between the parent and professional identity goals was a positive predictor of parenting-related behavior in the incomplete, but not the control, condition. Incomplete participants with relatively low overlap were less likely, while incomplete participants with relatively high overlap were more likely, to engage in parenting-related behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41837673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Karsh, Idan Haklay, Noi Raijman, Almog Lampel, R. Custers
{"title":"Control alters risk-taking: The motivating impact of action-effectiveness in different risk contexts.","authors":"N. Karsh, Idan Haklay, Noi Raijman, Almog Lampel, R. Custers","doi":"10.1037/mot0000244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000244","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41386738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel J. West, E. Lasko, Calvin J Hall, Nayaab G. Khan, D. Chester
{"title":"Some revenge now or more revenge later? Applying an intertemporal framework to retaliatory aggression.","authors":"Samuel J. West, E. Lasko, Calvin J Hall, Nayaab G. Khan, D. Chester","doi":"10.1037/mot0000248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43156342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Adherence to COVID-19 Measures: The Critical Role of Autonomous Motivation on a Short- and Long-Term Basis","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/mot0000250.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000250.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46660611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Inhibitory Control Elicited by Physical Activity and Inactivity Stimuli: An Electroencephalography Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/mot0000236.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000236.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36439,"journal":{"name":"Motivation Science","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41257641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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