Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015405
M. Onoda, K. Tada
The electrical conduction current behavior during electrophoretic deposition of a fluorene-based conductive polymer, poly(9,9-dioctyl-2, 7-divinylenefloure nylene)-alt-{2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1, 4-phenylene}], (PDOF-MEHPV), has been studied. Thin slab vessels provide a simple path for the colloidal particles during deposition as well as minimum suspension consumption, and the transient current behavior during the electrophoretic deposition from a suspension containing 1.0 g/l of the polymer in those vessels reveal clear breaks corresponding to the transit time. The electrophoretic mobility of the colloidal particles in the suspension has been estimated to be 7.0±0.6×10− cm2V−1s−1. The deposition of a uniform film of the polymer over a 9cm-square utilizing the thin slab vessel has also been demonstrated.
{"title":"Conduction current behavior during electrophoretic deposition of conductive polymer","authors":"M. Onoda, K. Tada","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015405","url":null,"abstract":"The electrical conduction current behavior during electrophoretic deposition of a fluorene-based conductive polymer, poly(9,9-dioctyl-2, 7-divinylenefloure nylene)-alt-{2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1, 4-phenylene}], (PDOF-MEHPV), has been studied. Thin slab vessels provide a simple path for the colloidal particles during deposition as well as minimum suspension consumption, and the transient current behavior during the electrophoretic deposition from a suspension containing 1.0 g/l of the polymer in those vessels reveal clear breaks corresponding to the transit time. The electrophoretic mobility of the colloidal particles in the suspension has been estimated to be 7.0±0.6×10<sup>−</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>V<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>. The deposition of a uniform film of the polymer over a 9cm-square utilizing the thin slab vessel has also been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121950405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015434
R. Pecquois, L. Pécastaing, M. Rivaletto, A. D. de Ferron, P. Pignolet, J. Martin, L. Caramelle, J-M. Duband, R. Vezinet
When the load is an antenna, the High Pulsed Power (HPP) generators allow generating electromagnetic waves in the form of pulses for wideband or ultra wideband applications. In this case, the HPP generator is usually made up of a primary energy source loading a power-amplification system. A Marx generator or a Tesla transformer is classically used as a power-amplifier. Our structure uses an innovating very compact resonant transformer. This power amplification device is connected to a fast switch which forwards the energy from this source to the antenna. The antenna behavior is directly linked to the performances of the main element of this whole device: an oil peaking switch.
{"title":"An oil peaking switch to drive a dipole antenna for wideband applications","authors":"R. Pecquois, L. Pécastaing, M. Rivaletto, A. D. de Ferron, P. Pignolet, J. Martin, L. Caramelle, J-M. Duband, R. Vezinet","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015434","url":null,"abstract":"When the load is an antenna, the High Pulsed Power (HPP) generators allow generating electromagnetic waves in the form of pulses for wideband or ultra wideband applications. In this case, the HPP generator is usually made up of a primary energy source loading a power-amplification system. A Marx generator or a Tesla transformer is classically used as a power-amplifier. Our structure uses an innovating very compact resonant transformer. This power amplification device is connected to a fast switch which forwards the energy from this source to the antenna. The antenna behavior is directly linked to the performances of the main element of this whole device: an oil peaking switch.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130395926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015489
O. Lesaint, T. Top
This paper describes an experimental study of streamer inception in mineral oil under ac voltage, with rod and point electrodes. Positive and negative streamer inception frequencies versus voltage are investigated in gaps up to 40 cm with different electrode shapes and different conditioning of the oil (filtered oil, addition of cellulose particles, water). Streamer inception probability increases exponentially versus field, and it is not possible to simply define an “inception voltage”. A voltage (or field) value correlated to an inception probability must be used to properly compare different experiments (comparison between liquids, influence of pollution, etc.). Under ac, several effects are superposed to reduce dielectric strength: “scale effects”, influence of pollution, long time duration. With sharp points, injected space charges considerably influence experiments, and the results obtained cannot be extrapolated to practical applications in which the effect of space charge is mostly absent.
{"title":"Streamer inception in mineral oil under ac voltage","authors":"O. Lesaint, T. Top","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015489","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an experimental study of streamer inception in mineral oil under ac voltage, with rod and point electrodes. Positive and negative streamer inception frequencies versus voltage are investigated in gaps up to 40 cm with different electrode shapes and different conditioning of the oil (filtered oil, addition of cellulose particles, water). Streamer inception probability increases exponentially versus field, and it is not possible to simply define an “inception voltage”. A voltage (or field) value correlated to an inception probability must be used to properly compare different experiments (comparison between liquids, influence of pollution, etc.). Under ac, several effects are superposed to reduce dielectric strength: “scale effects”, influence of pollution, long time duration. With sharp points, injected space charges considerably influence experiments, and the results obtained cannot be extrapolated to practical applications in which the effect of space charge is mostly absent.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129159680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015419
V. Patel, J. Seyed-Yagoobi
Fluid flow generation in micro-scale is becoming increasingly important as two-phase flow thermal management devices at the micro-scale are being widely developed. These devices are currently being used to cool high heat flux sources with small surface areas, found in various electronic, computer and aerospace applications. Limitations in space and power call for a simple yet effective flow generation method that is reliable. In this respect, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) conduction pumping shows great potential as a flow generation technique at the micro-scale. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of EHD conduction pumping of a dielectric liquid in a tube of 1 mm inner diameter, resulting in a maximum mass flux level of 100 kg/m2 s. The pump electrode spacing is on the order of 120 µm. Pressure generation in single phase flow resulting in the above mass flux indicates the effectiveness of the technique. Moreover, this paper demonstrates the practicality of using EHD pumping due to an exceedingly low power requirement and relative ease of implementation.
{"title":"Dielectric fluid flow generation in meso-tubes with micro-scale electrohydrodynamic conduction pumping","authors":"V. Patel, J. Seyed-Yagoobi","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015419","url":null,"abstract":"Fluid flow generation in micro-scale is becoming increasingly important as two-phase flow thermal management devices at the micro-scale are being widely developed. These devices are currently being used to cool high heat flux sources with small surface areas, found in various electronic, computer and aerospace applications. Limitations in space and power call for a simple yet effective flow generation method that is reliable. In this respect, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) conduction pumping shows great potential as a flow generation technique at the micro-scale. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of EHD conduction pumping of a dielectric liquid in a tube of 1 mm inner diameter, resulting in a maximum mass flux level of 100 kg/m2 s. The pump electrode spacing is on the order of 120 µm. Pressure generation in single phase flow resulting in the above mass flux indicates the effectiveness of the technique. Moreover, this paper demonstrates the practicality of using EHD pumping due to an exceedingly low power requirement and relative ease of implementation.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"489 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124425998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015459
S. R. Mahmoudi, K. Adamiak, G. Castle
Steady-state 2-D electrohydrodynamic pumping through bipolar hetero-charge conduction phenomenon has been investigated numerically. In order to validate the presented numerical algorithm, the pump geometry was chosen to be identical to the device whose experimental data is available in the literature. The concentrations of the positive and negative ions and the electric field distribution of the pump were calculated. The resulting static pressure generation of the pump was predicted for the refrigerant R-123 at different applied voltages ranging between 2 to 20kV DC. The comparison between the predicted static pressure generation and the previous experimental results in the absence of fluid flow shows a good agreement with a maximum deviation of 12.5% at 20 kV applied voltage. In the present work, the electrical conductivity of R-123 was assumed to be the most recent proposed value of σ=7×10−11 S/m. Assuming this value of electrical conductivity, the numerical model predicts the hetrocharge layer thicknesses in the order of gap spacing even at low applied voltage and weak field regime. By increasing the applied voltage, above ∼15kV, the heterocharge layers of the opposite electrodes extend to the entire gap spacing and create an overlapping region. Assuming three orders of magnitude higher value of electrical conductivity for R-123 in the previous numerical studies, the thickness of the hetrocharge layer and pressure generation was underestimated by almost two orders of magnitude. Through extensive numerical experiments, the electrical conductivity of the working fluid was found to be an important parameter to determine the heterocharge layer thickness, electric body force, and predicted static pressure. The issues related to the scaling of the conduction pump when the heterocharge layers create an overlapping region in the reduced gap spacing are discussed.
{"title":"Prediction of the static pressure generation for an electrohydrodynamic conduction pump","authors":"S. R. Mahmoudi, K. Adamiak, G. Castle","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015459","url":null,"abstract":"Steady-state 2-D electrohydrodynamic pumping through bipolar hetero-charge conduction phenomenon has been investigated numerically. In order to validate the presented numerical algorithm, the pump geometry was chosen to be identical to the device whose experimental data is available in the literature. The concentrations of the positive and negative ions and the electric field distribution of the pump were calculated. The resulting static pressure generation of the pump was predicted for the refrigerant R-123 at different applied voltages ranging between 2 to 20kV DC. The comparison between the predicted static pressure generation and the previous experimental results in the absence of fluid flow shows a good agreement with a maximum deviation of 12.5% at 20 kV applied voltage. In the present work, the electrical conductivity of R-123 was assumed to be the most recent proposed value of σ=7×10−11 S/m. Assuming this value of electrical conductivity, the numerical model predicts the hetrocharge layer thicknesses in the order of gap spacing even at low applied voltage and weak field regime. By increasing the applied voltage, above ∼15kV, the heterocharge layers of the opposite electrodes extend to the entire gap spacing and create an overlapping region. Assuming three orders of magnitude higher value of electrical conductivity for R-123 in the previous numerical studies, the thickness of the hetrocharge layer and pressure generation was underestimated by almost two orders of magnitude. Through extensive numerical experiments, the electrical conductivity of the working fluid was found to be an important parameter to determine the heterocharge layer thickness, electric body force, and predicted static pressure. The issues related to the scaling of the conduction pump when the heterocharge layers create an overlapping region in the reduced gap spacing are discussed.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127352185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015410
J. Martin, A. D. de Ferron, T. Reess, R. Ruscassié, F. Rey-bethbeder
This paper discusses the influence of the discharge current on the compressive shock waves generated by supersonic and subsonic discharges in water gap. The two different ways leading to dielectric breakdown in a water gap will be investigated. The transition phase between the two breakdown modes depends on the electric field and the electrical energy switched. The shock waves associated to breakdowns in water gap will be studied. Whatever the water breakdown mode will be, the peak pressure linearly depends from the peak current. For a constant peak current, the peak pressure value increases with increasing gap length. Moreover, the electro-acoustic efficiency is better using a supersonic discharge.
{"title":"Corona discharges experiments in water and transition to subsonic discharges","authors":"J. Martin, A. D. de Ferron, T. Reess, R. Ruscassié, F. Rey-bethbeder","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015410","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the influence of the discharge current on the compressive shock waves generated by supersonic and subsonic discharges in water gap. The two different ways leading to dielectric breakdown in a water gap will be investigated. The transition phase between the two breakdown modes depends on the electric field and the electrical energy switched. The shock waves associated to breakdowns in water gap will be studied. Whatever the water breakdown mode will be, the peak pressure linearly depends from the peak current. For a constant peak current, the peak pressure value increases with increasing gap length. Moreover, the electro-acoustic efficiency is better using a supersonic discharge.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123809062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015441
K. Giljarhus, S. T. Munkejord
When an electric field is applied to an emulsion where a conductive fluid is dispersed in an insulating fluid, attractive forces will arise between the drops due to polarization. The drops then tend to coalesce more readily than when no electric field is applied. This phenomenon, often denoted electrocoalescence, is employed for instance to enhance the separation of water from oil extracted from offshore wells. In this work, we employ detailed numerical simulations to study the influence of external flow and electric field on the head-on collision between two drops.
{"title":"Numerical investigation of electrostatically enhanced coalescence of two drops in a flow field","authors":"K. Giljarhus, S. T. Munkejord","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015441","url":null,"abstract":"When an electric field is applied to an emulsion where a conductive fluid is dispersed in an insulating fluid, attractive forces will arise between the drops due to polarization. The drops then tend to coalesce more readily than when no electric field is applied. This phenomenon, often denoted electrocoalescence, is employed for instance to enhance the separation of water from oil extracted from offshore wells. In this work, we employ detailed numerical simulations to study the influence of external flow and electric field on the head-on collision between two drops.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123144848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015475
J. Jadidian, J. G. Hwang, M. Zahn, N. Lavesson, O. Widlund, K. Borg
A one-dimensional migration-ohmic analysis of unipolar charge injection and transport phenomena in a series, two-region, liquid-solid composite dielectric system is presented. Steady-state and transient solutions for volume and surface charge densities and charge trajectories in the charge migration liquid region and electric field and voltage drop in liquid and ohmic solid regions are given.
{"title":"Migration-ohmic charge transport in liquid-solid insulation systems","authors":"J. Jadidian, J. G. Hwang, M. Zahn, N. Lavesson, O. Widlund, K. Borg","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015475","url":null,"abstract":"A one-dimensional migration-ohmic analysis of unipolar charge injection and transport phenomena in a series, two-region, liquid-solid composite dielectric system is presented. Steady-state and transient solutions for volume and surface charge densities and charge trajectories in the charge migration liquid region and electric field and voltage drop in liquid and ohmic solid regions are given.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121559183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015492
H. Moritake, R. Ozaki, K. Chiba, H. Yamamoto, J. Ogawa, K. Yoshino
Viscosity properties of liquids, liquid crystals, electrolyte solutions and ionic liquids using the shear horizaontal wave are investigated. The measured viscosities of glycerol/water solutions well agree with the reference values. Using orientation treatment and application of voltage, the electroviscosity effect of liquid crystal is confirmed by this method. Moreover, the relation between viscosity and ionic conductivity of ionic liquids, which followed Walden's rule is obtained.
{"title":"Properties of liquids, liquid crystals, electrolyte solutions and ionic liquids in thin cells and at interfaces studied using shear horizontal wave","authors":"H. Moritake, R. Ozaki, K. Chiba, H. Yamamoto, J. Ogawa, K. Yoshino","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015492","url":null,"abstract":"Viscosity properties of liquids, liquid crystals, electrolyte solutions and ionic liquids using the shear horizaontal wave are investigated. The measured viscosities of glycerol/water solutions well agree with the reference values. Using orientation treatment and application of voltage, the electroviscosity effect of liquid crystal is confirmed by this method. Moreover, the relation between viscosity and ionic conductivity of ionic liquids, which followed Walden's rule is obtained.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121643483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-26DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015443
H. Okubo, H. Saito, H. Kojima, N. Hayakawa, K. Kato
At the instant of polarity reversal of HVDC, very high electric field was generated in oil because the applied electric field was superimposed by the electric field of accumulated charges on pressboard (PB). When the total electric field exceeded the breakdown electric field strength, breakdown discharge in oil gap and surface discharge on the PB occurred. In this paper, by electric field measurement using Kerr electro-optic technique and optical observation, breakdown discharge characteristics and mechanisms in oil / PB composite insulation system were investigated at polarity reversal voltage. We revealed that the surface discharge neutralizes the accumulated charges on PB. The above experiments were carried out for different PB arrangements and discussed the discharge characteristics under HVDC polarity reversal conditions were discussed.
{"title":"Discharge mechanism at hvdc polarity reversal in oil / pressboard composite insulation system","authors":"H. Okubo, H. Saito, H. Kojima, N. Hayakawa, K. Kato","doi":"10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015443","url":null,"abstract":"At the instant of polarity reversal of HVDC, very high electric field was generated in oil because the applied electric field was superimposed by the electric field of accumulated charges on pressboard (PB). When the total electric field exceeded the breakdown electric field strength, breakdown discharge in oil gap and surface discharge on the PB occurred. In this paper, by electric field measurement using Kerr electro-optic technique and optical observation, breakdown discharge characteristics and mechanisms in oil / PB composite insulation system were investigated at polarity reversal voltage. We revealed that the surface discharge neutralizes the accumulated charges on PB. The above experiments were carried out for different PB arrangements and discussed the discharge characteristics under HVDC polarity reversal conditions were discussed.","PeriodicalId":364451,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126616234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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