Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685086
P. Sansum
Summary This paper explores the relationship between ecological change and human use in Atlantic oakwoods during the last millennium. Information on vegetation change derived from high resolution pollen analytical studies can sometimes be satisfactorily linked with localised documentary evidence of historical woodland management. Key findings based on this approach using case studies of individual woods in Lorn are presented. Relatively diverse woods, probably containing old-growth, were transformed in the medieval period into disturbed open stands used for pasturage and local domestic wood supply. Around or prior to 1700 AD commercial management began and modes of exploitation changed so that, for a period until the late 19th or early 20th century, stands were cropped intensively. In the most recent 100 years or so, use of the woods has been relatively minor except as a grazing resource. The consequences of this history for the development of the current condition and character of Atlantic oakwood resources are discussed with reference to elements of woodland biodiversity such as arboreal species composition and Atlantic bryophyte assemblages.
{"title":"Argyll oakwoods: Use and ecological change, 1000 to 2000 AD — a palynological-historical investigation","authors":"P. Sansum","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685086","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper explores the relationship between ecological change and human use in Atlantic oakwoods during the last millennium. Information on vegetation change derived from high resolution pollen analytical studies can sometimes be satisfactorily linked with localised documentary evidence of historical woodland management. Key findings based on this approach using case studies of individual woods in Lorn are presented. Relatively diverse woods, probably containing old-growth, were transformed in the medieval period into disturbed open stands used for pasturage and local domestic wood supply. Around or prior to 1700 AD commercial management began and modes of exploitation changed so that, for a period until the late 19th or early 20th century, stands were cropped intensively. In the most recent 100 years or so, use of the woods has been relatively minor except as a grazing resource. The consequences of this history for the development of the current condition and character of Atlantic oakwood resources are discussed with reference to elements of woodland biodiversity such as arboreal species composition and Atlantic bryophyte assemblages.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125145842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685096
A. Amar, Ken W. Smith, J. Lindsell
Summary Atlantic Oakwoods support a unique breeding avifaunal community, characterised by redstarts, wood warblers, pied flycatchers and tree pipits. We have used a sample of data from the national Repeat Woodland Bird Survey to examine population changes in these four species within Atlantic Oakwoods over the last two decades. We used data from 29 woods in Argyll in western Scotland surveyed in 1985, and from 27 woods in Gwynedd in northwest Wales surveyed in 1983 and compare them with data from repeat surveys carried out in 2003 and 2004. In this paper, we report the population changes for these species between these two periods and examine whether changes differed between Scottish and Welsh sites.
{"title":"Population changes of some bird species in Scottish and Welsh Atlantic Oakwoods between the 1980s and 2003/4 using data from the repeat Woodland Bird Survey","authors":"A. Amar, Ken W. Smith, J. Lindsell","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685096","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Atlantic Oakwoods support a unique breeding avifaunal community, characterised by redstarts, wood warblers, pied flycatchers and tree pipits. We have used a sample of data from the national Repeat Woodland Bird Survey to examine population changes in these four species within Atlantic Oakwoods over the last two decades. We used data from 29 woods in Argyll in western Scotland surveyed in 1985, and from 27 woods in Gwynedd in northwest Wales surveyed in 1983 and compare them with data from repeat surveys carried out in 2003 and 2004. In this paper, we report the population changes for these species between these two periods and examine whether changes differed between Scottish and Welsh sites.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133868840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685098
Darren D. Moseley, D. Ray, J. Bryce
Summary The need to conserve biological diversity and ensure the future viability and integrity of Atlantic oakwoods in a fragmented landscape has led to strategies that facilitate a more holistic view of biodiversity conservation across extensive areas. The Scottish Forestry Strategy contains a major aspiration to develop forest habitat networks through the restoration and improvement of existing woodland and the expansion of new woodland. The Forest Research landscape ecology model BEETLE (Biological and Environmental Evaluation Tools for Landscape Ecology) uses a focal species approach to assess the functional connectivity of habitat within the wider landscape matrix. This model has been used to predict the current habitat network for Atlantic oakwood specialists in the Highland region of Scotland. The analysis outputs are presented with an approach to help practitioners and planners visualise the opportunities to target expansion, conversion or restoration of Atlantic oakwoods and their intrinsic biodiversity.
{"title":"A forest habitat network for the Atlantic Oakwoods in Highland region, Scotland","authors":"Darren D. Moseley, D. Ray, J. Bryce","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685098","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The need to conserve biological diversity and ensure the future viability and integrity of Atlantic oakwoods in a fragmented landscape has led to strategies that facilitate a more holistic view of biodiversity conservation across extensive areas. The Scottish Forestry Strategy contains a major aspiration to develop forest habitat networks through the restoration and improvement of existing woodland and the expansion of new woodland. The Forest Research landscape ecology model BEETLE (Biological and Environmental Evaluation Tools for Landscape Ecology) uses a focal species approach to assess the functional connectivity of habitat within the wider landscape matrix. This model has been used to predict the current habitat network for Atlantic oakwood specialists in the Highland region of Scotland. The analysis outputs are presented with an approach to help practitioners and planners visualise the opportunities to target expansion, conversion or restoration of Atlantic oakwoods and their intrinsic biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122478897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685091
J. Rodwell
Summary The Atlantic Oakwoods can be seen as ‘at the edge’ in two ways. First, they lie at the extreme oceanic end of a series of Quercus robur and Q. petraea woodlands which stretches eastwards from the North Atlantic coast to the continental heartland of Europe. Second, they are at the northern limit of a range of oceanic oakwoods which extends southwards to Iberia where Q. pyrenaica is an important canopy companion. This paper outlines the main variations in trees, shrubs, herbs and cryptogams that can be seen along these two climatic gradients, so as to highlight what is truly distinctive about the Atlantic Oakwoods and how we might rightly value them.
{"title":"Woodlands at the edge: A European perspective on the Atlantic Oakwood Plant Communities","authors":"J. Rodwell","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685091","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The Atlantic Oakwoods can be seen as ‘at the edge’ in two ways. First, they lie at the extreme oceanic end of a series of Quercus robur and Q. petraea woodlands which stretches eastwards from the North Atlantic coast to the continental heartland of Europe. Second, they are at the northern limit of a range of oceanic oakwoods which extends southwards to Iberia where Q. pyrenaica is an important canopy companion. This paper outlines the main variations in trees, shrubs, herbs and cryptogams that can be seen along these two climatic gradients, so as to highlight what is truly distinctive about the Atlantic Oakwoods and how we might rightly value them.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124868357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685085
A. Lowe, C. Unsworth, S. Gerber, S. Davies, R. Munro, C. Kelleher, Andy King, S. Brewer, Andy White, J. Cottrell
Summary This paper describes the route, speed and mode of colonisation of oaks by integrating a number of independent analyses using molecular ecology, palaeoecology and simulation modelling approaches. Using a synthetic map of the contemporary distribution of chloroplast DNA (integrating several published and unpublished data sets and describing variation in 1468 trees from 313 autochthonous stands of Q. robur and Q. petraea from Britain and Ireland), and considering the postglacial topographic landscape, the most likely routes of postglacial colonisation across the British Isles are suggested. The overall pattern of these directions agrees with previous interpretations, but several routes, particularly those into Ireland, differ from previous interpretations and benefit here from using a single synthesised data set. Interestingly, the Atlantic oakwoods appear to have been colonised by individuals bearing a single haplotype (type 12). Two palaeoecology data sets, published separately for Britain and Ireland, are synthesised here and used to infer the timing of first arrival of oaks across the British Isles (between 9500 and 6000 years before present). The maximum observed colonisation speed within the British Isles is approximately 500 m year-1 in central and southern England. Outputs from a simulation model, which mimics postglacial colonisation processes, and which has been parameterised for the colonisation rate observed from the pollen core record and contemporary cpDNA structure, predict that the rapid colonisation rate observed, for at least the southern portion of the British Isles, can only be achieved via very rare (an approximate frequency 0.01%), very long distance seed dispersal events (up to 100 km). Potential agents of such dispersal events are birdsor major meteorological disturbances, e.g. hurricanes. Additional simulation modelling and genetic analysis of latitudinally stratified populations indicate that non-synchronous colonisation fronts, topographic barriers and temperature related survival may also have had an effect on the speed of migration and resulting genetic structure. Finally, in an attempt to record predicted long distance seed dispersal events, a novel curve fitting technique is applied to molecular parentage assignment data for field established seedlings from a contemporary population. A notable discrepancy is recorded between contemporary field estimates (just over 1 km) and those predicted by simulation modelling, and is discussed in detail. A concluding section describes future research priorities.
{"title":"Route, speed and mode of oak postglacial colonisation across the British Isles: Integrating molecular ecology, palaeoecology and modelling approaches","authors":"A. Lowe, C. Unsworth, S. Gerber, S. Davies, R. Munro, C. Kelleher, Andy King, S. Brewer, Andy White, J. Cottrell","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685085","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper describes the route, speed and mode of colonisation of oaks by integrating a number of independent analyses using molecular ecology, palaeoecology and simulation modelling approaches. Using a synthetic map of the contemporary distribution of chloroplast DNA (integrating several published and unpublished data sets and describing variation in 1468 trees from 313 autochthonous stands of Q. robur and Q. petraea from Britain and Ireland), and considering the postglacial topographic landscape, the most likely routes of postglacial colonisation across the British Isles are suggested. The overall pattern of these directions agrees with previous interpretations, but several routes, particularly those into Ireland, differ from previous interpretations and benefit here from using a single synthesised data set. Interestingly, the Atlantic oakwoods appear to have been colonised by individuals bearing a single haplotype (type 12). Two palaeoecology data sets, published separately for Britain and Ireland, are synthesised here and used to infer the timing of first arrival of oaks across the British Isles (between 9500 and 6000 years before present). The maximum observed colonisation speed within the British Isles is approximately 500 m year-1 in central and southern England. Outputs from a simulation model, which mimics postglacial colonisation processes, and which has been parameterised for the colonisation rate observed from the pollen core record and contemporary cpDNA structure, predict that the rapid colonisation rate observed, for at least the southern portion of the British Isles, can only be achieved via very rare (an approximate frequency 0.01%), very long distance seed dispersal events (up to 100 km). Potential agents of such dispersal events are birdsor major meteorological disturbances, e.g. hurricanes. Additional simulation modelling and genetic analysis of latitudinally stratified populations indicate that non-synchronous colonisation fronts, topographic barriers and temperature related survival may also have had an effect on the speed of migration and resulting genetic structure. Finally, in an attempt to record predicted long distance seed dispersal events, a novel curve fitting technique is applied to molecular parentage assignment data for field established seedlings from a contemporary population. A notable discrepancy is recorded between contemporary field estimates (just over 1 km) and those predicted by simulation modelling, and is discussed in detail. A concluding section describes future research priorities.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117041120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685088
T.C. Smout
Summary The main period of the exploitation of the Atlantic oakwoods lasted from around 1700 –1900, and was intense only from 1750–1850, though it had been preceded by a long period of anthropogenic interference of which medieval boatbuilding at least had the potential to alter the character of the woods. The Irish were pioneers when they began to search the coast from the Solway to the Great Glen for fresh supplies of oak bark for their tanning industry, and early in the 18th century this involved an attempt to buy large swathes of Argyll oakwoods, and also to create iron works at Glen Kinglas to utilise local charcoal. This failed, but by mid-century English ironmasters had followed them at Bunawe and Craleckan, works ambitious enough to draw fuel from most of the area within reach of the sea, and this led to greater care being taken of the woods involving the exclusion of stock, systematic rotational coppicing and apparently species selection in favour of oak. Management for tanbark by Scots to supply Scottish markets outpaced charcoaling before 1800, however, and affected areas like Loch Lomondside and Perthshire far from the sea, with similar consequences. A crisis developed when the tanbark and charcoal markets collapsed, notably after 1840, but it took another generation of owners to adapt. Before the end of the century, coppice was largely abandoned, though in places where there were pyroligneous acid works or opportunities to sell spoke wood, the practice lingered on. Generally, however, stock were readmitted, and the woods converted to high forest or game coverts.
{"title":"Oak as a commercial crop in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries","authors":"T.C. Smout","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685088","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The main period of the exploitation of the Atlantic oakwoods lasted from around 1700 –1900, and was intense only from 1750–1850, though it had been preceded by a long period of anthropogenic interference of which medieval boatbuilding at least had the potential to alter the character of the woods. The Irish were pioneers when they began to search the coast from the Solway to the Great Glen for fresh supplies of oak bark for their tanning industry, and early in the 18th century this involved an attempt to buy large swathes of Argyll oakwoods, and also to create iron works at Glen Kinglas to utilise local charcoal. This failed, but by mid-century English ironmasters had followed them at Bunawe and Craleckan, works ambitious enough to draw fuel from most of the area within reach of the sea, and this led to greater care being taken of the woods involving the exclusion of stock, systematic rotational coppicing and apparently species selection in favour of oak. Management for tanbark by Scots to supply Scottish markets outpaced charcoaling before 1800, however, and affected areas like Loch Lomondside and Perthshire far from the sea, with similar consequences. A crisis developed when the tanbark and charcoal markets collapsed, notably after 1840, but it took another generation of owners to adapt. Before the end of the century, coppice was largely abandoned, though in places where there were pyroligneous acid works or opportunities to sell spoke wood, the practice lingered on. Generally, however, stock were readmitted, and the woods converted to high forest or game coverts.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124444558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685097
A. Sommerville
Summary Woodland in general supports the richest invertebrate fauna of any habitat in Britain. The number of species depends on the structure of the wood and the age of the trees within it. The greatest biodiversity is associated with oaks although the difference between the communities found on the two oak species is not clearly understood, the Sessile Oak woods have been less well studied than their lowland equivalents, particularly so in Scotland. A number of minor habitats within the wood are important for many invertebrates and the presence of many of these may be due to past management. Every part of the oak tree, the leaves, flowers, acorns, bark and wood, supports invertebrates, herbivores, predators and parasites, and the fallen leaves and deadwood provides habitat for a complex of detritus feeders. Within the woodland the other trees, the fungi and the ground flora all have characteristic woodland invertebrates. Only a few studies, on beetles and spiders, have looked at which invertebrates are particularly associated with acidic oakwoods and there have been no specific studies of Atlantic oakwoods. It is known that there are some rare and local invertebrate species associated with western woods on ancient sites, including some recently discovered suggesting that the biodiversity of these sites and their management for invertebrates might be more important than currently thought.
{"title":"Biodiversity and ecology of the invertebrates of Atlantic Oakwoods","authors":"A. Sommerville","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685097","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Woodland in general supports the richest invertebrate fauna of any habitat in Britain. The number of species depends on the structure of the wood and the age of the trees within it. The greatest biodiversity is associated with oaks although the difference between the communities found on the two oak species is not clearly understood, the Sessile Oak woods have been less well studied than their lowland equivalents, particularly so in Scotland. A number of minor habitats within the wood are important for many invertebrates and the presence of many of these may be due to past management. Every part of the oak tree, the leaves, flowers, acorns, bark and wood, supports invertebrates, herbivores, predators and parasites, and the fallen leaves and deadwood provides habitat for a complex of detritus feeders. Within the woodland the other trees, the fungi and the ground flora all have characteristic woodland invertebrates. Only a few studies, on beetles and spiders, have looked at which invertebrates are particularly associated with acidic oakwoods and there have been no specific studies of Atlantic oakwoods. It is known that there are some rare and local invertebrate species associated with western woods on ancient sites, including some recently discovered suggesting that the biodiversity of these sites and their management for invertebrates might be more important than currently thought.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114108381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685094
R. Watling
Summary Unfortunately the Atlantic oakwoods of Scotland have never been targeted by mycologists and information is very patchy. The best data lie in the lists of fungi from the Inner Hebridean oakwoods and it is on these records which go back to the end of the 19th century, and limited information from the mainland that a potential picture is offered. There appear to be no fungi specific to Western oakwoods and there are few differences between eastern and western oak communities in Scotland. Emphasis is placed on the need for more funding for those who can identify and recognise potential indicator species so that progress can be made.
{"title":"The fungi of Scottish Western oakwoods","authors":"R. Watling","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685094","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Unfortunately the Atlantic oakwoods of Scotland have never been targeted by mycologists and information is very patchy. The best data lie in the lists of fungi from the Inner Hebridean oakwoods and it is on these records which go back to the end of the 19th century, and limited information from the mainland that a potential picture is offered. There appear to be no fungi specific to Western oakwoods and there are few differences between eastern and western oak communities in Scotland. Emphasis is placed on the need for more funding for those who can identify and recognise potential indicator species so that progress can be made.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122725133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600508685084
S. Brewer, Christelle Hélyalleaume, R. Cheddadi, J. de Beaulieu, J. Laurent, J. Le Cuziat
Summary We present here a review of the recolonisation of the Atlantic oakwoods following the end of the last glacial period. The study is based on two independent data sources: palaeoecological and phylogeographical data. The spread of oak is examined at two scales: (1) continental, allowing a consideration of the location of glacial refugia and the broad outlines of the migration, (2) the Atlantic coastal region, in order to establish the specific history of the Atlantic oakwoods. Climatic and human controls on the timing, speed and pattern of spread are considered, in particular, the conditions of the early Holocene period during which the majority of the recolonisation took place.
{"title":"Postglacial history of Atlantic oakwoods: Context, dynamics and controlling factors","authors":"S. Brewer, Christelle Hélyalleaume, R. Cheddadi, J. de Beaulieu, J. Laurent, J. Le Cuziat","doi":"10.1080/03746600508685084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600508685084","url":null,"abstract":"Summary We present here a review of the recolonisation of the Atlantic oakwoods following the end of the last glacial period. The study is based on two independent data sources: palaeoecological and phylogeographical data. The spread of oak is examined at two scales: (1) continental, allowing a consideration of the location of glacial refugia and the broad outlines of the migration, (2) the Atlantic coastal region, in order to establish the specific history of the Atlantic oakwoods. Climatic and human controls on the timing, speed and pattern of spread are considered, in particular, the conditions of the early Holocene period during which the majority of the recolonisation took place.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130439025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03746600408685077
R. Watling, J. Milne
Summary Molecular techniques applied to Scottish collections of Sarcodon imbricatus showed that these collections did not belong to this species but to the closely related S. squamosus. This latter species is accepted as a member of the British mycota.
{"title":"Scottish Sarcodon imbricatus under scrutiny","authors":"R. Watling, J. Milne","doi":"10.1080/03746600408685077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600408685077","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Molecular techniques applied to Scottish collections of Sarcodon imbricatus showed that these collections did not belong to this species but to the closely related S. squamosus. This latter species is accepted as a member of the British mycota.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122775126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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