One of the most complicated tasks the healthcare system has faced in recent years has been the development of a curative treatment to stop the progression of the SARS CoV-2 virus. No consensus has been reached on a medical cure to slow the virus spread. From this point of view, investigating existing drugs such as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors is an appropriate technique. With critical involvement in viral replication and host-immune suppression, Papain-like protease (PL-pro) is recognized as a key enzyme target for drug development among other SARS-CoV-2 druggable targets. Phytolignans have a wide range of physiological effects, making them an appealing drug for antiviral study. We used an insilico method to target SARS CoV-2 PL-pro with phytolignans in our investigation. The chemical structures of phytolignans were obtained from PubChem, whereas the protease structure 6WX4was obtained from the Protein Data Bank website. The PyRx software was used for molecular docking.Of all the phytolignans examined, Sesamolin has the greatest binding affinity of -8.4 kcal/mol towards PL-pro.The docking results revealed that phytolignans are potent inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease and that they may be verified further in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that Sesamolin might be used as a medication to block the action of SARS CoV-2 PL-pro.
近年来，卫生保健系统面临的最复杂的任务之一是开发一种治愈性治疗方法，以阻止SARS CoV-2病毒的发展。目前还没有就减缓病毒传播的医学治疗方法达成共识。从这个角度来看，研究SARS-CoV-2抑制剂等现有药物是一种合适的技术。木瓜蛋白酶(PL-pro)在病毒复制和宿主免疫抑制中发挥着重要作用，被认为是其他SARS-CoV-2药物靶标中药物开发的关键酶靶标。植物木酚素具有广泛的生理作用，使其成为抗病毒研究的热门药物。在我们的研究中，我们使用了一种用植物脂素靶向SARS CoV-2 PL-pro的方法。植物脂素的化学结构来源于PubChem，蛋白酶结构6wx4来源于Protein Data Bank网站。采用PyRx软件进行分子对接。在所有植物脂素中，芝麻素对PL-pro的结合亲和力最高，为-8.4 kcal/mol。对接结果表明，植物脂素是SARS-CoV-2木瓜蛋白酶样蛋白酶的有效抑制剂，可能在体内和体外得到进一步验证。我们的研究结果表明，芝麻素可能被用作阻断SARS CoV-2 PL-pro作用的药物。
{"title":"Identification of Potent Natural Inhibitor Against Papain Like Protease of SARS CoV 2 an in Silico Approach","authors":"Ankita Kandalkar, Anushka Dinesh, Sagar Nagare","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.8.17831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.8.17831","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most complicated tasks the healthcare system has faced in recent years has been the development of a curative treatment to stop the progression of the SARS CoV-2 virus. No consensus has been reached on a medical cure to slow the virus spread. From this point of view, investigating existing drugs such as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors is an appropriate technique. With critical involvement in viral replication and host-immune suppression, Papain-like protease (PL-pro) is recognized as a key enzyme target for drug development among other SARS-CoV-2 druggable targets. Phytolignans have a wide range of physiological effects, making them an appealing drug for antiviral study. We used an insilico method to target SARS CoV-2 PL-pro with phytolignans in our investigation. The chemical structures of phytolignans were obtained from PubChem, whereas the protease structure 6WX4was obtained from the Protein Data Bank website. The PyRx software was used for molecular docking.Of all the phytolignans examined, Sesamolin has the greatest binding affinity of -8.4 kcal/mol towards PL-pro.The docking results revealed that phytolignans are potent inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease and that they may be verified further in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that Sesamolin might be used as a medication to block the action of SARS CoV-2 PL-pro.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42156699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Arirudran, K. Anbarasu, S. Tamilselvi, R. Gayathri
Aervalanata L. belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae, found in the tropical regions. Traditionally, this plant is known for antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, diuretic, nephroprotective, cytotoxic, and antihyperlipidemic activities. As yet no further characteristic study has been conducted from ethanolic extract of this species, therefore in this present study we seek to identify and evaluate the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extracts of Aervalanata L whole plant by using the GCMS. Result of this research work reports twenty-eight compounds. The identified chemical compounds were correlated with the NIST Mass Spectrum Library.In conclusion, we seek to provide additional information on the clinical significance and pharmacological information associated with this plant.
{"title":"Gaschromatography Mass Spectrometry GC MS Determination of Bioactive Components from Aervalanata. (L.) Whole Plant","authors":"B. Arirudran, K. Anbarasu, S. Tamilselvi, R. Gayathri","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.17534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.17534","url":null,"abstract":"Aervalanata L. belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae, found in the tropical regions. Traditionally, this plant is known for antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, diuretic, nephroprotective, cytotoxic, and antihyperlipidemic activities. As yet no further characteristic study has been conducted from ethanolic extract of this species, therefore in this present study we seek to identify and evaluate the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extracts of Aervalanata L whole plant by using the GCMS. Result of this research work reports twenty-eight compounds. The identified chemical compounds were correlated with the NIST Mass Spectrum Library.In conclusion, we seek to provide additional information on the clinical significance and pharmacological information associated with this plant.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44935712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was conducted to detect corosolic acid, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic effect of Prunus padus leaf, also called Bird cherry and is a member of Rosaceae. It is a medium-sized tree with obovate, fine serrated leaves and white flowers. According to the HPLC Chromatogram of standard corosolic acid, leaf samples of Prunus padus displayed a peak with a retention time of 9.855 min. Quantitative analysis revealed a good concentration of corosolic acid i.e 8.032 μg/20 mg d w. In vitro studies showed potent antidiabetic and antioxidant activities DPPH radical scavenging test of Prunus padus showed 91.90 per cent inhibition and standard ascorbic acid showed 82.39 per cent inhibition at 250 μg/ml concentration. Acarbose and Prunus padus both have IC50 values of 193.62 ± 0.634 μg/ ml and 114.72 ± 1.038 μg/ ml, accordingly, as determined by an alpha amylase inhibition experiment. The results demonstrate that Prunus padus possesses a good amount of corosolic acid and can be considered a natural source, which is very influential in neutralizing the reactive oxygen species and damage caused by diabetes and has strong antioxidant and antidiabetic effects.
{"title":"Analysis of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic Potential, and Corosolic Acid Content in Prunus Padus Leaves","authors":"Sudhir Kharyal, R. Puri","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.17653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.17653","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to detect corosolic acid, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic effect of Prunus padus leaf, also called Bird cherry and is a member of Rosaceae. It is a medium-sized tree with obovate, fine serrated leaves and white flowers. According to the HPLC Chromatogram of standard corosolic acid, leaf samples of Prunus padus displayed a peak with a retention time of 9.855 min. Quantitative analysis revealed a good concentration of corosolic acid i.e 8.032 μg/20 mg d w. In vitro studies showed potent antidiabetic and antioxidant activities DPPH radical scavenging test of Prunus padus showed 91.90 per cent inhibition and standard ascorbic acid showed 82.39 per cent inhibition at 250 μg/ml concentration. Acarbose and Prunus padus both have IC50 values of 193.62 ± 0.634 μg/ ml and 114.72 ± 1.038 μg/ ml, accordingly, as determined by an alpha amylase inhibition experiment. The results demonstrate that Prunus padus possesses a good amount of corosolic acid and can be considered a natural source, which is very influential in neutralizing the reactive oxygen species and damage caused by diabetes and has strong antioxidant and antidiabetic effects.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44930280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mehta, Umesh Kumar, A. Mavi, Vinod Kumar, S. Parvez, S. Bhatnagar
Neuropathic pain is a severe pain condition associated with pathological changes which have deleterious effects like dysfunction of the brain. Alcohol abuse is known to be the most common reason at present for developing neuropathic pain. Alcohol-induced neuropathic pain can be assessed by ache studies such as hyperalgesia and allodynia which characterizes the response severity of induced pain. In the current research, we used the Allium Sativum (Garlic) bulb extract to study the effect on alcohol-administered rodents. The behavioral and biochemical studies have been done. It has been reported in the study, that Allium sativum has certain protective mechanisms such as analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, free radical scavenger, and antioxidant effects which contribute to alcohol-induced neuropathic pain. Based on the results of the current investigation, it can be concluded that Allium sativum bulb extract, administered at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg in 0.9 per cent saline, is helpful in reducing the symptoms of alcoholic neuropathy. Allium sativum may offer a protective effect in the revocation of alcoholic-induced neuropathic pain.
{"title":"Effect of Allium Sativum on the Alcohol Induced Neuropathic Pain in Wistar Rats","authors":"S. Mehta, Umesh Kumar, A. Mavi, Vinod Kumar, S. Parvez, S. Bhatnagar","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.17774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.17774","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropathic pain is a severe pain condition associated with pathological changes which have deleterious effects like dysfunction of the brain. Alcohol abuse is known to be the most common reason at present for developing neuropathic pain. Alcohol-induced neuropathic pain can be assessed by ache studies such as hyperalgesia and allodynia which characterizes the response severity of induced pain. In the current research, we used the Allium Sativum (Garlic) bulb extract to study the effect on alcohol-administered rodents. The behavioral and biochemical studies have been done. It has been reported in the study, that Allium sativum has certain protective mechanisms such as analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, free radical scavenger, and antioxidant effects which contribute to alcohol-induced neuropathic pain. Based on the results of the current investigation, it can be concluded that Allium sativum bulb extract, administered at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg in 0.9 per cent saline, is helpful in reducing the symptoms of alcoholic neuropathy. Allium sativum may offer a protective effect in the revocation of alcoholic-induced neuropathic pain.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46462800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. K. Yadav, R. Sharma, D. Wadikar, T. R., A. Semwal
Conceptualisation of design and development of modular and customised ration storage system for Army rations sustainable up to -40°C was carried out. The Indian Armed Forces operate under various climatic conditions, which are inhospitable for cooking, storing fresh/perishable food products and carrying rations for their survival during an emergency. Hence, there was an ever-existent demand for a customised, user-friendly ration storage system. Considering a number of user-friendly features, a system has been designed comprising modular unit structures with insulated wall panels containing Polyurethane foam (PUF) sandwiched between metallic and composite material claddings. An insulated structure is required to maintain the temperature at high altitudes during extreme low-temperature conditions. The temperature and humidity are regulated and maintained using solar panels and humidly modulators. The modular structure with individual temperature and humidity control is suitable for the safe storage and preservation of fresh produce, fruits and vegetables, and milk and animal products. In case of perishable commodities of Defense supplies inclusive of leafy and tender vegetables, juicy fresh fruits, egg, chocolates, meat carcasses stored in silo are safe as its insulated structure ensures no freezing even upto -25° Celsius hence protects them from quality damage due to subzero temperature exposure and abuse. Therefore, the normal convention of the expected shelf life for each such commodity was extended approximately double the normal shelf life expected. An extensive design process involving CAD modelling followed by mechanical load simulation and analysis resulted in a robust and capable system. Each compartmentalised segment caters for an average one-ton material depending on the nature of the material. The system is suitable to store 3 tons of ration at a time to address the requirement of 100 individuals for 60 days in monsoon cut off and peak winter cut-off posts. Total energy consumption under fully load condition is approx. 2KW to maintain peak temperature gradient of 45-50°C.The outer surface of the structure can be camouflaged. The well-insulated structure ensures zero leakage and is sturdy to withstand a wind velocity of 60 km per hour and a standing snow load of 2 meters above it.
{"title":"Design and Development of Modular Customised Ration Storage System Silo for Service Specific Applications during Peak Winters at High Altitude Area","authors":"D. K. Yadav, R. Sharma, D. Wadikar, T. R., A. Semwal","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.17724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.17724","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptualisation of design and development of modular and customised ration storage system for Army rations sustainable up to -40°C was carried out. The Indian Armed Forces operate under various climatic conditions, which are inhospitable for cooking, storing fresh/perishable food products and carrying rations for their survival during an emergency. Hence, there was an ever-existent demand for a customised, user-friendly ration storage system. Considering a number of user-friendly features, a system has been designed comprising modular unit structures with insulated wall panels containing Polyurethane foam (PUF) sandwiched between metallic and composite material claddings. An insulated structure is required to maintain the temperature at high altitudes during extreme low-temperature conditions. The temperature and humidity are regulated and maintained using solar panels and humidly modulators. The modular structure with individual temperature and humidity control is suitable for the safe storage and preservation of fresh produce, fruits and vegetables, and milk and animal products. In case of perishable commodities of Defense supplies inclusive of leafy and tender vegetables, juicy fresh fruits, egg, chocolates, meat carcasses stored in silo are safe as its insulated structure ensures no freezing even upto -25° Celsius hence protects them from quality damage due to subzero temperature exposure and abuse. Therefore, the normal convention of the expected shelf life for each such commodity was extended approximately double the normal shelf life expected. An extensive design process involving CAD modelling followed by mechanical load simulation and analysis resulted in a robust and capable system. Each compartmentalised segment caters for an average one-ton material depending on the nature of the material. The system is suitable to store 3 tons of ration at a time to address the requirement of 100 individuals for 60 days in monsoon cut off and peak winter cut-off posts. Total energy consumption under fully load condition is approx. 2KW to maintain peak temperature gradient of 45-50°C.The outer surface of the structure can be camouflaged. The well-insulated structure ensures zero leakage and is sturdy to withstand a wind velocity of 60 km per hour and a standing snow load of 2 meters above it.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67017993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leh-Ladakh falls in the category of a high-altitude region with low oxygen, low atmospheric pressure and lack of moisture in the air, thus rendering the climate harsh. Therefore, humans staying in this region need different diets, nutrient levels, and other health supplements compared to low-lander people to thrive under these stressful conditions. Chicken meat and eggs have high biological value proteins that play an important role in nutrient supply in human diets. Among them, Kadaknath chicken meat is very famous for its nutritious brown and greyish-black flesh. Its meat contains more protein, less cholesterol and less fat. Its flesh is also known for its various medicinal properties, so it is very popular among health-conscious people. However, fresh chicken production at high-altitude is very limited due to stressful conditions, making poultry rearing very difficult and uneconomical. Kadaknath is an Indian breed of chicken from the Jhabua region of Madhya Pradesh known for its hardy nature to thrive in any harsh environment. Therefore, the Kadaknath breed can be a good choice for high-altitude due to its hardy nature and disease-resistant ability. Hence, Kadaknath chicken meat can prove to be a superfood in high-altitude and such remote regions, especially during the acclimatization period. We have recently started working on the propagation of Kadaknath chicken among the farmers of Ladakh and evaluating their meat quality and medicinal value. The present review focuses on the scope of Kadaknath chicken at Leh-Ladakh under backyard farming, its acceptance, and the advantage of its meat in providing complete nutrition to human consumers.
{"title":"Kadaknath Chicken Meat Scope and Source of Animal Origin Nutrients for High Altitude Regions","authors":"Swati ., V. Bharti, O. Chaurasia","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.18015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.18015","url":null,"abstract":"Leh-Ladakh falls in the category of a high-altitude region with low oxygen, low atmospheric pressure and lack of moisture in the air, thus rendering the climate harsh. Therefore, humans staying in this region need different diets, nutrient levels, and other health supplements compared to low-lander people to thrive under these stressful conditions. Chicken meat and eggs have high biological value proteins that play an important role in nutrient supply in human diets. Among them, Kadaknath chicken meat is very famous for its nutritious brown and greyish-black flesh. Its meat contains more protein, less cholesterol and less fat. Its flesh is also known for its various medicinal properties, so it is very popular among health-conscious people. However, fresh chicken production at high-altitude is very limited due to stressful conditions, making poultry rearing very difficult and uneconomical. Kadaknath is an Indian breed of chicken from the Jhabua region of Madhya Pradesh known for its hardy nature to thrive in any harsh environment. Therefore, the Kadaknath breed can be a good choice for high-altitude due to its hardy nature and disease-resistant ability. Hence, Kadaknath chicken meat can prove to be a superfood in high-altitude and such remote regions, especially during the acclimatization period. We have recently started working on the propagation of Kadaknath chicken among the farmers of Ladakh and evaluating their meat quality and medicinal value. The present review focuses on the scope of Kadaknath chicken at Leh-Ladakh under backyard farming, its acceptance, and the advantage of its meat in providing complete nutrition to human consumers.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43242012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethnobotanical exploration was undertaken to document the Wild edible plants (WEPs) utilised by the inhabitants of the Leh district. Traditionally exploited WEPs are an indispensable part of every household culinary. This place is known for its unique culture and cuisine which diversifies it from the rest of India. Pre-structured questionnaires, guided field visits, field examinations, and group discussions were conducted to gather ethnobotanical data. Detailed inquiries were made on the plant’s part used, time of collection and method of food preparation. In the present study, 40 wild consumable plants were documented, these belong to 18 families and spreads to 31 genera; out of which four are new records as wild food plants. They are Cotoneaster integerrimus, Dracocephalum heterophyllum, Astragalus frigidus, and Turritis glabra. Diverse use of wild leafy plants was observed and some of the most famous dishes are ‘Shangsho tsodma’ and ‘Kabra tsodma’ vegetables. The utilisation of wild plants helps enrich diet diversity and enhances the availability of green vegetables hence broadening food choices. Our study also reveals that the gathering of wild plants is confined to village people, shepherds, and farmers, and a majority of this knowledge exists in the memory of the elderly and these wild resources are under threat due to various anthropogenic activities. Therefore, the present finding highlights the value of these plants along with maintaining regional traditional knowledge and preserving the old ethnic traditional way of living and eating. Further, this information will provide baseline data to upcoming researchers dealing with nutrition and nutraceutical aspects. In addition, these wild plants are nutritionally rich and their consumption should be encouraged.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical Survey of Wild Edible Plants of Leh District, Ladakh","authors":"Dechan Angmo, R. Puri, M. Mehta, G. Devi","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.18012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.18012","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnobotanical exploration was undertaken to document the Wild edible plants (WEPs) utilised by the inhabitants of the Leh district. Traditionally exploited WEPs are an indispensable part of every household culinary. This place is known for its unique culture and cuisine which diversifies it from the rest of India. Pre-structured questionnaires, guided field visits, field examinations, and group discussions were conducted to gather ethnobotanical data. Detailed inquiries were made on the plant’s part used, time of collection and method of food preparation. In the present study, 40 wild consumable plants were documented, these belong to 18 families and spreads to 31 genera; out of which four are new records as wild food plants. They are Cotoneaster integerrimus, Dracocephalum heterophyllum, Astragalus frigidus, and Turritis glabra. Diverse use of wild leafy plants was observed and some of the most famous dishes are ‘Shangsho tsodma’ and ‘Kabra tsodma’ vegetables. The utilisation of wild plants helps enrich diet diversity and enhances the availability of green vegetables hence broadening food choices. Our study also reveals that the gathering of wild plants is confined to village people, shepherds, and farmers, and a majority of this knowledge exists in the memory of the elderly and these wild resources are under threat due to various anthropogenic activities. Therefore, the present finding highlights the value of these plants along with maintaining regional traditional knowledge and preserving the old ethnic traditional way of living and eating. Further, this information will provide baseline data to upcoming researchers dealing with nutrition and nutraceutical aspects. In addition, these wild plants are nutritionally rich and their consumption should be encouraged.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41410027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indigo carmine dye is used in many industries like textile, paper, cosmetics, etc. It is specially used in textile industries for dyeing denim. The untreated water discharged from these industries, especially the textile industry, poses a significant environmental threat. The conventional physicochemical methods used in treating industrial effluent are very expensive and cause secondary pollution. In the present study, an extracellular laccase-producing Bacillus licheniformis NS2324 was isolated, and a crude enzyme was used to degrade indigo carmine dye. The conditions needed for decolorisation were standardised. Optimisation studies for dye decolorisation by NS2324 laccase revealed that the enzyme was able to decolorize dye efficiently at 50 oC temperature, pH 8, with an enzyme dose of 10 IU/ml after 6 hours. Up to 96.79±1.06 per cent decolorisation was achieved under optimised conditions without the use of any mediator of laccase. Complete degradation of indigo dye by laccase in the absence of mediator makes the present study very useful for treating textile effluent from the denim industry.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Indigo Carmine Dye by Laccase from Bacillus licheniformis NS2324","authors":"N. K. Chopra, S. Sondhi","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.18040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.18040","url":null,"abstract":"Indigo carmine dye is used in many industries like textile, paper, cosmetics, etc. It is specially used in textile industries for dyeing denim. The untreated water discharged from these industries, especially the textile industry, poses a significant environmental threat. The conventional physicochemical methods used in treating industrial effluent are very expensive and cause secondary pollution. In the present study, an extracellular laccase-producing Bacillus licheniformis NS2324 was isolated, and a crude enzyme was used to degrade indigo carmine dye. The conditions needed for decolorisation were standardised. Optimisation studies for dye decolorisation by NS2324 laccase revealed that the enzyme was able to decolorize dye efficiently at 50 oC temperature, pH 8, with an enzyme dose of 10 IU/ml after 6 hours. Up to 96.79±1.06 per cent decolorisation was achieved under optimised conditions without the use of any mediator of laccase. Complete degradation of indigo dye by laccase in the absence of mediator makes the present study very useful for treating textile effluent from the denim industry.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44404475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plastic is usually used in essential areas like packaging, industries electronic, construction, building, healthcare, transport, etc. gradually pollution is increasing in the world. Plastic makes a high level of pollution that is affecting both the life on earth and the marine organisms. Around the world, many scientists and environmentalists have been developing various technologies to deal with the constant increase of this threat to the environment. Various bio-based solutions are to be kept in the account to mitigate the foreseen problem of micro-plastic pollution. The indigenous microbes (exposed to plastic) form the dense bio-film around the plastic and degrade it with the help of active catalytic enzymes. Therefore, in this review, the authors have discussed the source, the harmful impact of micro-plastic, biodegradation of plastic, and future eco-friendly approaches which might help in the removal of plastic from the marine environment.
{"title":"The Hidden Microplastic A New Insight into Degradation of Plastic in Marine Environment","authors":"Nisha Gaur, Sanchita Roy, Chandramouli Das, Dhiraj Dutta, Rama Dubey, S. Dwivedi","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.17310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.17310","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic is usually used in essential areas like packaging, industries electronic, construction, building, healthcare, transport, etc. gradually pollution is increasing in the world. Plastic makes a high level of pollution that is affecting both the life on earth and the marine organisms. Around the world, many scientists and environmentalists have been developing various technologies to deal with the constant increase of this threat to the environment. Various bio-based solutions are to be kept in the account to mitigate the foreseen problem of micro-plastic pollution. The indigenous microbes (exposed to plastic) form the dense bio-film around the plastic and degrade it with the help of active catalytic enzymes. Therefore, in this review, the authors have discussed the source, the harmful impact of micro-plastic, biodegradation of plastic, and future eco-friendly approaches which might help in the removal of plastic from the marine environment.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44147401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Raghavendra, Dake Pooja Sri, D. Nikitha, P. R. Yadav, V. V. Rajesham, P. Ali
The present study investigated the mitigative effect of Vitex negundo against sodium fluoride (NaF) induced cardio and nephrotoxicity. The hydroalcoholic extract of Vitex negundo leaves (HAEVNL) was prepared by the maceration method. Group I, Group II, and Group III served as normal, toxic, and plant control groups in the treatment schedule. Group IV and V (200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt, p.o) served as treatment groups. Group II, IV, and V treated with NaF (100ppm) through drinking water for 4 weeks. Cardiac and kidney parameters such as LDH, CK-MB, Lipid profile, Creatinine, Urea, and Uric acid were estimated. The heart and kidney tissues LPO, GSH, SOD, and CAT levels and histopathological studies were performed. Phytochemical investigation showed the alkaloids, saponins, phytosterols, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. Rats administered with NaF have demonstrated a significant rise in the LDH, CK-MB, TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, Creatinine, Urea, and Uric acid. Tissue LPO levels increased while there was a significant decrease in serum HDL-C and tissue SOD, GSH, and CAT levels. Treatment with HAEVNL showed effective recovery against NaF-induced cardio and nephrotoxicity. The histopathological evaluation also added to the benefits of the Vitex negundo leaves. The study concluded that Vitex negundo leaf extract showed a significant antioxidant and mitigative effect against fluoride- induced cardio and nephrotoxicity in rats.
{"title":"Mitigative Effect of Vitex Negundo against Fluoride induced Oxidative Stress Mediated Cardio and Nephrotoxicity","authors":"M. Raghavendra, Dake Pooja Sri, D. Nikitha, P. R. Yadav, V. V. Rajesham, P. Ali","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.7.17826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.7.17826","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the mitigative effect of Vitex negundo against sodium fluoride (NaF) induced cardio and nephrotoxicity. The hydroalcoholic extract of Vitex negundo leaves (HAEVNL) was prepared by the maceration method. Group I, Group II, and Group III served as normal, toxic, and plant control groups in the treatment schedule. Group IV and V (200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt, p.o) served as treatment groups. Group II, IV, and V treated with NaF (100ppm) through drinking water for 4 weeks. Cardiac and kidney parameters such as LDH, CK-MB, Lipid profile, Creatinine, Urea, and Uric acid were estimated. The heart and kidney tissues LPO, GSH, SOD, and CAT levels and histopathological studies were performed. Phytochemical investigation showed the alkaloids, saponins, phytosterols, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. Rats administered with NaF have demonstrated a significant rise in the LDH, CK-MB, TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, Creatinine, Urea, and Uric acid. Tissue LPO levels increased while there was a significant decrease in serum HDL-C and tissue SOD, GSH, and CAT levels. Treatment with HAEVNL showed effective recovery against NaF-induced cardio and nephrotoxicity. The histopathological evaluation also added to the benefits of the Vitex negundo leaves. The study concluded that Vitex negundo leaf extract showed a significant antioxidant and mitigative effect against fluoride- induced cardio and nephrotoxicity in rats.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67018073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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