Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041347
D. Srinivasn, Ruey Long Chou, E. Yeo
Absmcf: This papcr dcscribcs thc development of an improved BLcctronic Kvad Pricing (ER€') system for chnrging vehicles that trnvcl on public roadways, using GPS and an inlclligcnl starch technique. The new approach ensbhs a rcnl-time assessment of road user charges based on actual mnd usage, mileage accrual, type of m d , and driving conditions. Inputs to the pricing system inchdc inltonnation from a global positioning system (GPS) rocciva and storcd infonnation on the mad system, such as, location of mid segiiients, classificntion of these scgmcnts, niid spccinl pricing d c s for each segment. The infonnation rwivcd from the GPS rccciver is used to map the vehicle accuratdy on the rood using a transformation matrix, which inaps the global coordinates to x-y plane coordinates. An intolligcnt soarch algorilhm has been used to ovcrcmiic llic limitation of currcnt GPS system to accunitcly pin point a vchicle on the map. Simulations were caricd out on actual data obtained from a road network. RcsulL~ from simulntion runs have been satisfactory. The systwn now awaits migration to the actual vehicle for further tcsting.
{"title":"Development of an improved ERP system using GPS and an intelligent search technique","authors":"D. Srinivasn, Ruey Long Chou, E. Yeo","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041347","url":null,"abstract":"Absmcf: This papcr dcscribcs thc development of an improved BLcctronic Kvad Pricing (ER€') system for chnrging vehicles that trnvcl on public roadways, using GPS and an inlclligcnl starch technique. The new approach ensbhs a rcnl-time assessment of road user charges based on actual mnd usage, mileage accrual, type of m d , and driving conditions. Inputs to the pricing system inchdc inltonnation from a global positioning system (GPS) rocciva and storcd infonnation on the mad system, such as, location of mid segiiients, classificntion of these scgmcnts, niid spccinl pricing d c s for each segment. The infonnation rwivcd from the GPS rccciver is used to map the vehicle accuratdy on the rood using a transformation matrix, which inaps the global coordinates to x-y plane coordinates. An intolligcnt soarch algorilhm has been used to ovcrcmiic llic limitation of currcnt GPS system to accunitcly pin point a vchicle on the map. Simulations were caricd out on actual data obtained from a road network. RcsulL~ from simulntion runs have been satisfactory. The systwn now awaits migration to the actual vehicle for further tcsting.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122032345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041194
L. Lan, A. Kuo
This paper develops the fuzzy neural network color image vehicular detection (FNNCIVD) system to detect multiple-lane traffic flows. A pseudo line detector with fourteen detection points is placed on the monitor to detect the two-lane traffic images. On each detection point, the differencing or R, G and B pixel values between the background image and instantaneous image are inputted in every one-tenth second into a four-layer fuzzy neural network trained by the backpropagation algorithm. Traffic scenes in the daytime and nighttime are both experimented. The experiment results show that the success rates for traffic counting in different lighting conditions can be as high as 90%, in the mean time, the success rates for vehicle classification can reach 100%.
{"title":"Development of a fuzzy neural network color image vehicular detection. (FNNCIVD) system","authors":"L. Lan, A. Kuo","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041194","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops the fuzzy neural network color image vehicular detection (FNNCIVD) system to detect multiple-lane traffic flows. A pseudo line detector with fourteen detection points is placed on the monitor to detect the two-lane traffic images. On each detection point, the differencing or R, G and B pixel values between the background image and instantaneous image are inputted in every one-tenth second into a four-layer fuzzy neural network trained by the backpropagation algorithm. Traffic scenes in the daytime and nighttime are both experimented. The experiment results show that the success rates for traffic counting in different lighting conditions can be as high as 90%, in the mean time, the success rates for vehicle classification can reach 100%.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129394351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041341
F. Cao, D.K. Yang, A.G. Xu, J. Ma, W.D. Xiao, C.L. Law, K. Ling, H. C. Chua
The recent progress in the field of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) has made low cost inertial devices become a possible option for land navigation. However, the weak stand-alone accuracy and poor run-to-run stability of low cost inertial devices make them not usable as a sole navigation system. Even the integration of them as a supporting device into a navigation system requires non-traditional approaches and algorithms. The objective of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using this kind of low cost inertial device, specifically the Crossbow DMU-6X, integrated with GPS information, to provide the navigation capability to bridge the GPS outages for tens of seconds. A series of tests were conducted in a land vehicle. Post-processing results show that when the GPS signal is available, the position accuracy of low cost SINS/GPS integration is same as that of GPS only. With the complete loss of GPS signals, position error is shown to be less than 10 meters, after 10 seconds. From these results, we can conclude that although GPS and current low cost IMU integration cannot improve the absolute positioning accuracy, it has a high data update rate and can give motion information by SINS only when GPS is not available for a short time, such as in heavily forested areas, in urban centers, in buildings or underground.
{"title":"Low cost SINS/GPS integration for land vehicle navigation","authors":"F. Cao, D.K. Yang, A.G. Xu, J. Ma, W.D. Xiao, C.L. Law, K. Ling, H. C. Chua","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041341","url":null,"abstract":"The recent progress in the field of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) has made low cost inertial devices become a possible option for land navigation. However, the weak stand-alone accuracy and poor run-to-run stability of low cost inertial devices make them not usable as a sole navigation system. Even the integration of them as a supporting device into a navigation system requires non-traditional approaches and algorithms. The objective of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using this kind of low cost inertial device, specifically the Crossbow DMU-6X, integrated with GPS information, to provide the navigation capability to bridge the GPS outages for tens of seconds. A series of tests were conducted in a land vehicle. Post-processing results show that when the GPS signal is available, the position accuracy of low cost SINS/GPS integration is same as that of GPS only. With the complete loss of GPS signals, position error is shown to be less than 10 meters, after 10 seconds. From these results, we can conclude that although GPS and current low cost IMU integration cannot improve the absolute positioning accuracy, it has a high data update rate and can give motion information by SINS only when GPS is not available for a short time, such as in heavily forested areas, in urban centers, in buildings or underground.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127084590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041181
T. Rabie, A. Shalaby, B. Abdulhai, A. El-Rabbany
This paper discusses work-in-progress to develop a mobile, bus-mounted machine vision system for transit and traffic monitoring in urban corridors, as required by Intelligent Transportation Systems. In contrast to earlier machine vision technologies used for traffic management, which mainly rely on simple algorithms to detect certain traffic characteristics, the new proposed approach makes use of a recent trend in computer vision research: namely the active vision paradigm. Active vision systems have mechanisms that can actively control camera parameters, such as orientation, focus, zoom, and convergence, in response to the requirements of the task and external stimuli. Mounting active vision systems on buses will have the advantage of providing real-time feedback of the current traffic conditions while possessing the intelligence and visual skills which allow them to interact with a rapidly changing dynamic environment such as moving traffic.
{"title":"Mobile vision-based vehicle tracking and traffic control","authors":"T. Rabie, A. Shalaby, B. Abdulhai, A. El-Rabbany","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041181","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses work-in-progress to develop a mobile, bus-mounted machine vision system for transit and traffic monitoring in urban corridors, as required by Intelligent Transportation Systems. In contrast to earlier machine vision technologies used for traffic management, which mainly rely on simple algorithms to detect certain traffic characteristics, the new proposed approach makes use of a recent trend in computer vision research: namely the active vision paradigm. Active vision systems have mechanisms that can actively control camera parameters, such as orientation, focus, zoom, and convergence, in response to the requirements of the task and external stimuli. Mounting active vision systems on buses will have the advantage of providing real-time feedback of the current traffic conditions while possessing the intelligence and visual skills which allow them to interact with a rapidly changing dynamic environment such as moving traffic.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132512379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041339
C. Versteegt, A. Verbraeck
Automation of resources for transport, transshipment, and storage is an important development in modern logistic systems. We study large-scale fully automated logistic systems with a high degree of flexibility. In such systems neither hierarchical nor heterarchical control are suitable. Hierarchical control has a static and rigid structure, while high levels of flexibility are needed. Heterachical control is more flexible and resistant to disturbances, but its behavior is complex, unpredictable, and hard to scale. We advocate a holonic approach for controlling large-scale automated logistic systems. Three different holons are introduced: one representing AGVs, one representing material handling stations, and one representing customer orders. The holonic control proved to be safe, efficient, reliable, and scalable. Furthermore, the holonic approach can easily deal with several types of disturbances, such as AGV breakdowns.
{"title":"Holonic control of large-scale automated logistic systems","authors":"C. Versteegt, A. Verbraeck","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041339","url":null,"abstract":"Automation of resources for transport, transshipment, and storage is an important development in modern logistic systems. We study large-scale fully automated logistic systems with a high degree of flexibility. In such systems neither hierarchical nor heterarchical control are suitable. Hierarchical control has a static and rigid structure, while high levels of flexibility are needed. Heterachical control is more flexible and resistant to disturbances, but its behavior is complex, unpredictable, and hard to scale. We advocate a holonic approach for controlling large-scale automated logistic systems. Three different holons are introduced: one representing AGVs, one representing material handling stations, and one representing customer orders. The holonic control proved to be safe, efficient, reliable, and scalable. Furthermore, the holonic approach can easily deal with several types of disturbances, such as AGV breakdowns.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128804909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041242
A. Pal, A. Dogan, F. Özgüner, U. Ozguner
Inter-vehicle communication systems may be required to support real-time communication for a network of vehicles in the absence of a base station. Based on this premise, the paper presents the design of a distributed MAC layer protocol, namely the elimination by sieving (ES-DCF) protocol, that incorporates explicit support for real-time traffic in an ad-hoc wireless network. ES-DCF uses the mechanisms of prioritized collision avoidance and deterministic collision resolution in order to provide timely delivery guarantees to different classes of real-time data traffic. The simulation studies performed confirmed that ES-DCF performs well in minimizing the number of hard-real time packets dropped.
{"title":"A MAC layer protocol for real-time inter-vehicle communication","authors":"A. Pal, A. Dogan, F. Özgüner, U. Ozguner","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041242","url":null,"abstract":"Inter-vehicle communication systems may be required to support real-time communication for a network of vehicles in the absence of a base station. Based on this premise, the paper presents the design of a distributed MAC layer protocol, namely the elimination by sieving (ES-DCF) protocol, that incorporates explicit support for real-time traffic in an ad-hoc wireless network. ES-DCF uses the mechanisms of prioritized collision avoidance and deterministic collision resolution in order to provide timely delivery guarantees to different classes of real-time data traffic. The simulation studies performed confirmed that ES-DCF performs well in minimizing the number of hard-real time packets dropped.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122305347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041193
Zhimin Fan, Jie Zhou, Dashan Gao, L. Zhiheng
A robust algorithm is proposed in this paper for contour extraction and tracking of moving vehicles. A snake model is modified, in which directional information is utilized to guide the 'snaxel' behavior. Then an adaptive shape restriction is applied to govern the snake's motion, and a Kalman filter is employed to estimate the spatio-temporal relationship between successive frames. Moreover, several improvements are made to compensate for the snake's vulnerability to fake edges. All these steps contribute to a satisfying overall performance in contour extraction and tracking of moving vehicles for real traffic monitoring.
{"title":"Contour extraction and tracking of moving vehicles for traffic monitoring","authors":"Zhimin Fan, Jie Zhou, Dashan Gao, L. Zhiheng","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041193","url":null,"abstract":"A robust algorithm is proposed in this paper for contour extraction and tracking of moving vehicles. A snake model is modified, in which directional information is utilized to guide the 'snaxel' behavior. Then an adaptive shape restriction is applied to govern the snake's motion, and a Kalman filter is employed to estimate the spatio-temporal relationship between successive frames. Moreover, several improvements are made to compensate for the snake's vulnerability to fake edges. All these steps contribute to a satisfying overall performance in contour extraction and tracking of moving vehicles for real traffic monitoring.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"137 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126053721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041254
Ding Liya, Liu Jilin
In this paper, we present the intelligent freight train ID recognition system (IFTIRS), which is a kind of intelligent transportation system (ITS). It can be used at any place along the railway. Recognizing the ID, including the serial number and configuration parameters of the carriages, enable convenient and automatic management of the freight train system. The system constitution and workflow are introduced, and the technique of image acquisition, characters location, isolation of each character, character recognition and database management are also addressed in details. Finally, capability under practical condition shows the effectiveness of our IFTIRS.
{"title":"Intelligent freight train ID recognition system","authors":"Ding Liya, Liu Jilin","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041254","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the intelligent freight train ID recognition system (IFTIRS), which is a kind of intelligent transportation system (ITS). It can be used at any place along the railway. Recognizing the ID, including the serial number and configuration parameters of the carriages, enable convenient and automatic management of the freight train system. The system constitution and workflow are introduced, and the technique of image acquisition, characters location, isolation of each character, character recognition and database management are also addressed in details. Finally, capability under practical condition shows the effectiveness of our IFTIRS.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121059547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041340
Chen Shu-xin, Wang Yong-sheng, Deng Yan
A rapid algorithm for GPS ambiguity decorrelation is proposed by analyzing some typical algorithms for GPS ambiguity decorrelation. The ordering process, integer LDL factorization and ambiguity screen of the algorithm are introduced. The algorithm's performance is compared with others. Finally, the algorithm's high performance and reliability are demonstrated. It is concluded that the ordering screen decorrelation method makes the discrete search of integer ambiguity resolution on the fly more efficient.
{"title":"A rapid algorithm for GPS ambiguity decorrelation","authors":"Chen Shu-xin, Wang Yong-sheng, Deng Yan","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041340","url":null,"abstract":"A rapid algorithm for GPS ambiguity decorrelation is proposed by analyzing some typical algorithms for GPS ambiguity decorrelation. The ordering process, integer LDL factorization and ambiguity screen of the algorithm are introduced. The algorithm's performance is compared with others. Finally, the algorithm's high performance and reliability are demonstrated. It is concluded that the ordering screen decorrelation method makes the discrete search of integer ambiguity resolution on the fly more efficient.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115256299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041207
A. Santana Diaz, B. Jammes, D. Estève, M. Gonzalez Mendoza
This paper presents a driver vigilance diagnosis system based on the analysis of measured signals with wavelets and the computation of their statistical characteristics inside variable length time-windows. Such a system should characterize the driving mode of an unspecified vigilant driver in order to detect a modification of the way of driving due to the fall of vigilance. The signals that we assume to be able to characterize the driving mode are: the position of the vehicle inside the traffic lane, also called lateral position, the steering wheel angle and vehicle speed. This study has been performed with data collected in real traffic conditions. To determine the driving characteristics of vigilant driver we have selected few driving sequences where both the EEG analysis and the driver self-evaluation indicate the driver was vigilant. Then, we qualify the relevance of our system, particularly the choice of the variable used for the diagnostic, by comparing the diagnostic produces by our system with the physiological state of the driver based on EEG analysis and the driver self-evaluation.
{"title":"Driver hypovigilance diagnosis using wavelets and statistical analysis","authors":"A. Santana Diaz, B. Jammes, D. Estève, M. Gonzalez Mendoza","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2002.1041207","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a driver vigilance diagnosis system based on the analysis of measured signals with wavelets and the computation of their statistical characteristics inside variable length time-windows. Such a system should characterize the driving mode of an unspecified vigilant driver in order to detect a modification of the way of driving due to the fall of vigilance. The signals that we assume to be able to characterize the driving mode are: the position of the vehicle inside the traffic lane, also called lateral position, the steering wheel angle and vehicle speed. This study has been performed with data collected in real traffic conditions. To determine the driving characteristics of vigilant driver we have selected few driving sequences where both the EEG analysis and the driver self-evaluation indicate the driver was vigilant. Then, we qualify the relevance of our system, particularly the choice of the variable used for the diagnostic, by comparing the diagnostic produces by our system with the physiological state of the driver based on EEG analysis and the driver self-evaluation.","PeriodicalId":365722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124860214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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