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Simulation and Control Strategy of a 5.6~kV 17-level STATCOM Under SVG Condition SVG条件下5.6~kV 17级STATCOM的仿真与控制策略
Pub Date : 2017-11-30 DOI: 10.7305/automatika.60-1.1725
Hongchang Sun, Fengyu Zhou, Yugang Wang
To achieve high-voltage reactive power compensation, a 5.6kV 17-level STATCOM under SVG Condition is presented. In this paper, we use a cascaded H-bridge multilevel star-connection converter whose system structure and circuit schematic are described. Then by using the phase-shifted carrier modulation strategy and the active-reactive current decoupling method, the STATCOM performs quite well. Moreover modulation strategy of the 17-level STATCOM based on the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is presented and the analytical formulas are described. For implementation, control strategy for DC bus voltage balance in cascaded H-bridge multilevel converters, time average distribution method and extreme value offset method are applied in our design. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed 17-level STATCOM is capable of reactive power compensation, simultaneous controlling and balancing the DC side voltages during the work and verify that high-voltage reactive power can be accurately and effectively compensated.
为实现高压无功补偿,设计了SVG条件下的5.6kV 17电平STATCOM。本文介绍了级联h桥多电平星形连接变换器的系统结构和电路原理图。然后采用相移载波调制策略和有功电流解耦方法,使STATCOM具有良好的性能。提出了基于自抗扰控制(ADRC)的17电平STATCOM调制策略,并给出了解析公式。在设计中采用了级联h桥多电平变换器直流母线电压平衡控制策略,时间平均分布法和极值偏移法。最后,仿真结果表明,所设计的17级STATCOM能够进行无功补偿,在工作过程中同时控制和平衡直流侧电压,验证了高压无功补偿的准确性和有效性。
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引用次数: 1
A new optimization formulation for determining the optimum reach setting of distance relay zones by probabilistic modeling 采用概率建模方法,提出了一种确定距离接力区域最佳到达设定值的新优化公式
Pub Date : 2017-07-27 DOI: 10.7305/automatika.60-1.1560
M. Shabani, A. S. Noughabi, M. Farshad
In this paper, by probabilistic modeling of uncertainties, the problem of determining the reach setting of distance relay zones is presented as a new optimization problem. For this purpose, uncertainties are modeled based on their probability density functions. Then, by using the Monte-Carlo process, the impedance seen by the distance relay is obtained. In this paper, probabilistic sensitivity and selectivity indices are defined for each zone of the distance relay. Therefore, the problem of determining the optimum reach setting of distance relay for each zone is converted to an optimization problem with the objective of maximizing of the probabilities indices of sensitivity and selectivity. The objective function and the constraints of the optimization problem are defined based on the protection philosophy of each of the three different zones of the distance relay. Considering the fact that the optimization problem is nonlinear and non-convex, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to solve this problem. The proposed optimization problem is applied on a 9-bus network, and the reach settings of distance relays are calculated and compared with those of the conventional approach. Also, uncertainties are prioritized based on the amount of their impact on the probabilistic indices of sensitivity and selectivity.
本文通过不确定性的概率建模,将距离继电器区域到达整定问题作为一个新的优化问题提出。为此,不确定性是基于它们的概率密度函数建模的。然后,利用蒙特卡罗过程,得到距离继电器所看到的阻抗。本文定义了距离继电器各区域的概率灵敏度和选择性指标。因此,将确定各区域距离继电器最佳到达整定问题转化为以灵敏度和选择性概率指标最大化为目标的优化问题。根据距离继电器三个不同区域的保护原理,确定了优化问题的目标函数和约束条件。考虑到优化问题的非线性和非凸性,采用粒子群算法(PSO)求解该问题。将所提出的优化问题应用于一个9总线网络,计算了距离继电器的到达设定值,并与传统方法进行了比较。此外,根据不确定性对灵敏度和选择性概率指标的影响程度,对不确定性进行了优先排序。
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引用次数: 0
Robust Fuzzy Gains Scheduling of RST Controller for a WECS Based on a Doubly-Fed Induction Generator 基于双馈感应发电机的wcs RST控制器鲁棒模糊增益调度
Pub Date : 2016-12-14 DOI: 10.7305/AUTOMATIKA.60-1.1241
D. Mhamed, A. Ghani, A. Mohamed, T. Ahmed, T. Khalfallah
This paper proposes a new robust fuzzy gain scheduling of RST controller for a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). First, a designed fuzzy gain scheduling of RST controller is investigated, in which fuzzy rules are utilized on-line to adapt the RST controller parameters based on the error and its first time derivative. The aim of the work is to apply and compare the dynamic performances of two types of controllers (namely, Polynomial RST and Fuzzy-RST) for the WECS. A vector control with stator flux orientation of the DFIG is also presented in order to achieve control of active and reactive power of the wind turbine transmitted to the grid and to make the wind turbine adaptable to different constraints. The results obtained by simulation prove the effectiveness of the proposed controller in terms of decoupling, robustness and dynamic performance for different operating conditions.
针对基于双馈感应发电机(DFIG)的风能转换系统(WECS),提出了一种新的鲁棒模糊增益调度方法。首先,研究了一种设计的RST控制器模糊增益调度方法,该方法利用模糊规则根据误差及其一阶导数在线调整RST控制器参数。这项工作的目的是应用和比较两种类型的控制器(即多项式RST和模糊RST)的动态性能。为了实现风电机组输电网有功和无功的控制,使风电机组能够适应不同约束条件,提出了一种基于定子磁链方向的矢量控制方法。仿真结果证明了该控制器在不同工况下的解耦性、鲁棒性和动态性能方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 9
New Gen Algorithm for Detecting Sag and Swell Voltages in Single Phase Inverter System 单相逆变系统中跌落电压和膨胀电压检测的新一代算法
T. Yuvaraja, M. Gopinath
In this manuscript, a novel sag and peak detector by means of a delta square operation for a single-phase is suggested. The established sag detector is from a single phase digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) that is founded on a d-q transformation employing an all-pass filter (APF). The d-q transformation is typically employed in the three-phase coordinate system. The APF produces a virtual phase with a 90 deg phase delay, but the virtual phase can not reproduce an abrupt variation of the grid voltage, at the moment in which the voltage sag transpires. As a consequence, the peak value is severely garbled, and settles down gradually. A modified APF produces the virtual q-axis voltage factor from the difference between the current and the former value of the d-axis voltage component in the stationary reference frame.  Nevertheless, the amended APF cannot sense the voltage sag and peak value when the sag transpires around the zero crossing points such as 0 deg and 180 deg since the difference voltage is not adequate to sense the voltage sag. The suggested algorithm is proficient to sense the sag voltage through all regions as well as the zero crossing voltage. Furthermore, the precise voltage drop can be obtained by computing the q-axis component, which is relational to the d-axis component. To authenticate the legitimacy of the suggested scheme, the orthodox and suggested approaches are contrasted by means of the simulations and investigational results.
在这篇手稿中,提出了一种新的采用平方运算的单相凹陷和峰值检测器。已建立的凹陷检测器是一个基于d-q变换的单相数字锁相环(DPLL),采用全通滤波器(APF)。d-q变换通常用于三相坐标系。有源滤波器产生一个具有90度相位延迟的虚拟相位,但虚拟相位不能再现电网电压的突然变化,在电压骤降发生的时刻。结果,峰值严重乱码,并逐渐稳定下来。一个改进的有源滤波器从静止参考系中电流和d轴电压分量的原值之间的差产生虚拟q轴电压因数。然而,修正后的APF无法感知电压骤降和峰值,当电压骤降发生在0度和180度等零交叉点附近,因为差电压不足以感知电压骤降。该算法能够熟练地感知所有区域的凹陷电压和过零电压。此外,通过计算q轴分量,可以得到与d轴分量相关的精确电压降。为了验证建议方案的合法性,通过模拟和调查结果对比了正统和建议的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Single Inverter Fed Speed Sensorless Vector Control of Parallel Connected Two Motor Drive 并联双电机驱动的单变频器无速度传感器矢量控制
Pub Date : 2016-09-23 DOI: 10.7305/AUTOMATIKA.60-1.1155
Gunabalan Ramachandiran, Subbiah Veerana
This paper describes a speed sensorless vector control method of the torque for cost-effective parallel-connected dual induction motor fed by a single inverter. A natural observer with load torque adaptation is employed to estimate the speeds of the same rating induction motors connected in parallel and fed by a single inverter. The speed difference between the two induction motors for unbalanced load conditions is less in natural observer than the conventional adaptive rotor flux observer.  Direct field oriented control is used to calculate the rotor angle from the estimated rotor fluxes and the mean rotor flux is kept constant by rotor flux feedback control. The simulation and experimental results of studies are demonstrated for various running conditions to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. The closed loop speed control operation with inner current control was performed by TMS320F2812 processor.
本文介绍了一种低成本的单逆变器并联双感应电动机转矩无速度传感器矢量控制方法。采用具有负载转矩自适应的自然观测器来估计由单个逆变器供电的相同额定并联异步电动机的转速。与传统的自适应转子磁链观测器相比,自然观测器对不平衡负载条件下两台异步电动机的转速差较小。采用直接磁场定向控制,根据估计的转子磁链计算转子角度,并通过转子磁链反馈控制使转子平均磁链保持恒定。仿真和实验结果验证了该方法在不同工况下的有效性。采用TMS320F2812处理器实现带内电流控制的闭环调速操作。
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引用次数: 2
Unbounded regulators with variable gains for a direct-drive robot manipulator 直接驱动机器人操纵臂的可变增益无界调节器
Miguel Angel Limón Díaz, F. Cortes, E. J. G. Galván
This paper addresses the position-control problem with variable gains for robot manipulators. We present a new regulator based on a hyperbolic-sine structure with tuning rules for control gains. It is demonstrated that the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system is globally, asymptotically stable according to Lyapunov theory. By using a similar methodology, this  concept can be extended to other unbounded controllers such as PD and PID. In order to show the usefulness of the proposed scheme and with the purpose of validating its asymptotical stability property, an experimental comparison involving constant gains controllers, for example: simple PD, PID and hyperbolic-tangent schemes vs variable-gains hyperbolic-sine and PD control schemes, was performed by using a three degree-of-freedom, direct-drive robot manipulator.
研究了具有可变增益的机器人机械手位置控制问题。我们提出了一种新的基于双曲正弦结构的调节器,并带有控制增益的整定规则。根据李雅普诺夫理论证明了闭环系统的平衡点是全局渐近稳定的。通过使用类似的方法,这个概念可以扩展到其他无界控制器,如PD和PID。为了证明所提方案的有效性并验证其渐近稳定性,利用三自由度直接驱动机器人机械臂进行了恒定增益控制器与变增益双曲正弦和PD控制方案的实验比较,例如:简单PD、PID和双曲切线控制方案。
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引用次数: 0
Fault Tolerant Control Structure for Induction Motor Drive System 感应电机驱动系统的容错控制结构
Pub Date : 2016-09-15 DOI: 10.7305/AUTOMATIKA.60-1.1642
M. Dybkowski, K. Klimkowski
In this paper the Fault Tolerant (FT) vector controlled induction motor drive system is described and tested in various drive conditions. The influence of the rotor speed sensor faults on the properties of the analyzed drive are tested. Faults detection algorithms, based on different algorithms are developed and described. The results of the simulation carried out using the MATLAB/SimPowerSystem software are verified in experimental tests in MicroLabBox DS1202, in a wide range of motor speed changes. The proposed detection algorithms can be successfully applied in the Fault Tolerant Drive Systems (FTDS).
本文对容错矢量控制的异步电动机驱动系统进行了描述,并在各种驱动条件下进行了测试。测试了转子转速传感器故障对所分析驱动器性能的影响。基于不同的算法,开发并描述了故障检测算法。利用MATLAB/SimPowerSystem软件进行的仿真结果在MicroLabBox DS1202上进行了实验测试,在大范围的电机转速变化下进行了验证。所提出的检测算法可成功应用于容错驱动系统(FTDS)。
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引用次数: 16
Power Quality Conditioners for Railway Traction – a Review 铁路牵引电能质量调节器综述
Gunavardhini Navneethakrishnan, Muthusamy Chandrasekaran
Railway traction is a more stochastic heavy load connected system. Due to the usage of ac-dc converters and ac-ac converters, the various power quality issues become the major problems in the electric system. This paper presents a review on power quality conditioners suitable for Railway traction based on the configuration, components involved and on the technical and economic considerations. More than 120 publications are listed in the reference for quick review.
铁路牵引系统是一个随机性较大的重载连接系统。由于交直流变换器和交流-交流变换器的使用,各种电能质量问题成为电力系统中的主要问题。本文介绍了适用于铁路牵引的电能质量调节器的结构、组成和技术经济方面的考虑。参考资料中列出了120多种出版物,供快速查阅。
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引用次数: 6
Točna 3D rekonstrukcija zasnovana na rotirajućoj platformi i telecentričnoj viziji
Pub Date : 2016-02-19 DOI: 10.7305/AUTOMATIKA.2016.01.1033
José-Joel González-Barbosa, José-Guadalupe Rico-Espino, R. Gómez-Loenzo, H. Jiménez-Hernández, M. Razo, Ricardo Gonzalez-Barbosa
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Communication Timeouts on Meeting Functional Requirements for IEC 61131-3 Distributed Control Systems 通信超时对满足IEC 61131-3分布式控制系统功能要求的影响
M. Jamro, Dariusz Rzońca
The control software is frequently used in various systems that perform important and responsible tasks in industry. During its development, it is crucial to ensure that the solution is created in a way consistent with assumptions and meets all functional requirements. One of important steps consists of testing particular software units, separated from the rest of system, using the off-line simulator. However, test results can be different in case of a fully-connected system when external factors, such as communication issues, should be also taken into account. In this paper, the authors present a concept of specification and execution of system tests, using the dedicated test definition language, named CPTest+. It has been extended by the additional ASSERT_COM instruction, which performs an assertion that is able to detect problems related to external factors, including communication. To enable automatic and systematic testing, the dedicated metric has been proposed. It takes into account the current link status and archived results to calculate the probability that the test case has failed due to communication problems.
控制软件经常用于执行工业中重要和负责任的任务的各种系统。在开发过程中,确保以与假设一致的方式创建解决方案并满足所有功能需求是至关重要的。重要的步骤之一是使用离线模拟器测试与系统其余部分分离的特定软件单元。然而,在一个完全连接的系统中,测试结果可能会有所不同,因为外部因素,如通信问题,也应该考虑在内。在本文中,作者使用专用的测试定义语言CPTest+,提出了规范和执行系统测试的概念。它通过附加的ASSERT_COM指令进行了扩展,该指令执行一个能够检测与外部因素(包括通信)相关的问题的断言。为了实现自动和系统的测试,提出了专用度量。它考虑到当前的链接状态和存档的结果来计算测试用例由于通信问题而失败的概率。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Automatika: Journal for Control, Measurement, Electronics, Computing and Communications
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