Pub Date : 2016-12-19DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790097
M. Farooqui, A. Shamim
The gain of an antenna can be enhanced through the integration of a lens, however this technique has traditionally been restricted to planar antennas due to fabrication limitations of standard manufacturing processes. Here, with a unique combination of 3D and 2D inkjet printing of dielectric and metallic inks respectively, we demonstrate a Fresnel lens that has been monolithically integrated to a non-planar antenna (helix) for the first time. Antenna measurements show that the integration of a Fresnel lens enhances the gain of a 2-turn helix by around 4.6 dB giving a peak gain of about 12.9 dBi at 8.8 GHz.
{"title":"3D printed helical antenna with lens","authors":"M. Farooqui, A. Shamim","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790097","url":null,"abstract":"The gain of an antenna can be enhanced through the integration of a lens, however this technique has traditionally been restricted to planar antennas due to fabrication limitations of standard manufacturing processes. Here, with a unique combination of 3D and 2D inkjet printing of dielectric and metallic inks respectively, we demonstrate a Fresnel lens that has been monolithically integrated to a non-planar antenna (helix) for the first time. Antenna measurements show that the integration of a Fresnel lens enhances the gain of a 2-turn helix by around 4.6 dB giving a peak gain of about 12.9 dBi at 8.8 GHz.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114671656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-19DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790109
F. Ghaffar, M. Vaseem, A. Shamim
Inkjet printing or printing for realization of inexpensive and large area electronics has unearthed as an attractive fabrication technique. Though at present, mostly the metallic inks are printed on regular microwave substrates. In this paper, a fully printed multilayer fabrication process is demonstrated where the substrate is also realized through printing. A novel Fe2O3 based magnetic ink is used as a substrate while an in-house silver organo complex (SOC) ink is developed for metallic layers. Complete magnetostatic and microwave characterization of the ink is presented. At the end, a tunable patch antenna is shown as an application using the magnetic ink as the substrate. The antenna shows a tuning range of 12.5 % for a magnetic field strength of 3 kOe.
{"title":"A magnetic nano-particle ink for tunable microwave applications","authors":"F. Ghaffar, M. Vaseem, A. Shamim","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790109","url":null,"abstract":"Inkjet printing or printing for realization of inexpensive and large area electronics has unearthed as an attractive fabrication technique. Though at present, mostly the metallic inks are printed on regular microwave substrates. In this paper, a fully printed multilayer fabrication process is demonstrated where the substrate is also realized through printing. A novel Fe2O3 based magnetic ink is used as a substrate while an in-house silver organo complex (SOC) ink is developed for metallic layers. Complete magnetostatic and microwave characterization of the ink is presented. At the end, a tunable patch antenna is shown as an application using the magnetic ink as the substrate. The antenna shows a tuning range of 12.5 % for a magnetic field strength of 3 kOe.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122078749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-19DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790102
M. Farooqui, A. Shamim
Chronic wounds affect millions of patients around the world and requires a major portion of health care budget for treatment. In this article, we present an unprecedented low cost continuous wireless monitoring system, realized through inkjet printing on a standard bandage strip, which can send early warnings as well as record long term wound progression data. The smart bandage can communicate upto a distance of 60 m when worn on the body.
{"title":"Inkjet printed wireless smart bandage","authors":"M. Farooqui, A. Shamim","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790102","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic wounds affect millions of patients around the world and requires a major portion of health care budget for treatment. In this article, we present an unprecedented low cost continuous wireless monitoring system, realized through inkjet printing on a standard bandage strip, which can send early warnings as well as record long term wound progression data. The smart bandage can communicate upto a distance of 60 m when worn on the body.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125933665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-19DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790101
M. A. Karimi, A. Shamim
This is an era of wearable gadgets which demands flexible and wearer friendly wireless components. This paper presents a modified inverted-F antenna (IFA) which has seamlessly been integrated with the fabric through inkjet printing. Surface roughness of the textile has been reduced using a rapid UV curable flexible interface layer. Smooth interface layer helps achieving very fine features which may be required for complicated antenna and circuit traces.
{"title":"A flexible inkjet printed inverted-F antenna on textile","authors":"M. A. Karimi, A. Shamim","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790101","url":null,"abstract":"This is an era of wearable gadgets which demands flexible and wearer friendly wireless components. This paper presents a modified inverted-F antenna (IFA) which has seamlessly been integrated with the fabric through inkjet printing. Surface roughness of the textile has been reduced using a rapid UV curable flexible interface layer. Smooth interface layer helps achieving very fine features which may be required for complicated antenna and circuit traces.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123125927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-20DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790092
Z. Katbay, S. Sadek, M. Le Roy, R. Lababidi, A. Pérennec, P. Dupré
This paper presents a miniaturized microstrip back-cavity Hilbert Fractal Antenna specifically designed for breast cancer detection. This antenna is used to investigate on the possibility of detecting the presence of breast tumors by directly measuring the shift of the antenna resonance frequency. First, simulations are performed on a multi-layer breast model; then the proposed approach was applied for in vivo measurements on two different patients diagnosed with breast cancer, followed by ex vivo characterization of the electrical properties of excised tumors.
{"title":"Microstrip back-cavity Hilbert Fractal Antenna for experimental detection of breast tumors","authors":"Z. Katbay, S. Sadek, M. Le Roy, R. Lababidi, A. Pérennec, P. Dupré","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790092","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a miniaturized microstrip back-cavity Hilbert Fractal Antenna specifically designed for breast cancer detection. This antenna is used to investigate on the possibility of detecting the presence of breast tumors by directly measuring the shift of the antenna resonance frequency. First, simulations are performed on a multi-layer breast model; then the proposed approach was applied for in vivo measurements on two different patients diagnosed with breast cancer, followed by ex vivo characterization of the electrical properties of excised tumors.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123387346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-20DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790091
S. El-Samad, D. Obeid, G. Zaharia, S. Sadek, G. El Zein
This paper presents a wireless measurement system for cardiopulmonary activity detection behind a wall. This system generates a continuous wave signal and is used at 2 different frequencies: 2.4 GHz and 10 GHz. The transmitted signal is directed toward the patient's chest situated at 1 m and then reflected. The radar system is based on a vector network analyzer, which measures the phase of S21. The phase variation of S21 contains information about heart and respiration activity. Measurements are carried out every 30 seconds, for a person sitting at a distance of 1 meter, directly in front of the system or behind a wall. Discrete wavelet transform is used as a processing technique to separate heartbeat signal from respiratory signal. The measurements were performed simultaneously with a PC-based electrocardiogram (ECG) which is used as a reference to validate the information extracted from the measured signals.
{"title":"Feasibility of heartbeat detection behind a wall using CW Doppler radar","authors":"S. El-Samad, D. Obeid, G. Zaharia, S. Sadek, G. El Zein","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790091","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a wireless measurement system for cardiopulmonary activity detection behind a wall. This system generates a continuous wave signal and is used at 2 different frequencies: 2.4 GHz and 10 GHz. The transmitted signal is directed toward the patient's chest situated at 1 m and then reflected. The radar system is based on a vector network analyzer, which measures the phase of S21. The phase variation of S21 contains information about heart and respiration activity. Measurements are carried out every 30 seconds, for a person sitting at a distance of 1 meter, directly in front of the system or behind a wall. Discrete wavelet transform is used as a processing technique to separate heartbeat signal from respiratory signal. The measurements were performed simultaneously with a PC-based electrocardiogram (ECG) which is used as a reference to validate the information extracted from the measured signals.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133546194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790096
M. Ahmed, M. Ahmed, A. A. Shaalan
This paper proposes a novel multiband Wearable Fractal antenna which suitable for GPS, WiMax and WiFi (Bluetooth) applications in the same time. This antenna is designed to operate at four resonance frequencies are 1.57, 2.7, 3.4 and 5.3 GHz. The proposed wearable antenna may be attached to life jacket to aid for finding the human body if an accident happened so, the specific absorption ratio (SAR) must be calculated. Therefore anther designed to reduce the SAR value with a spiral metamaterial meandered in the ground plane is introduced. The specific absorption rate (SAR) investigation is carried out on CST2014 Simulator. Maximum SAR value is 0.925 W/Kg which indicates that the wearable antenna are safe for human. The proposed antenna was simulated by CST simulator version 2014 and fabricated by photolithography technique.
{"title":"A novel wearable metamaterial Fractal antenna for wireless applications","authors":"M. Ahmed, M. Ahmed, A. A. Shaalan","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790096","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel multiband Wearable Fractal antenna which suitable for GPS, WiMax and WiFi (Bluetooth) applications in the same time. This antenna is designed to operate at four resonance frequencies are 1.57, 2.7, 3.4 and 5.3 GHz. The proposed wearable antenna may be attached to life jacket to aid for finding the human body if an accident happened so, the specific absorption ratio (SAR) must be calculated. Therefore anther designed to reduce the SAR value with a spiral metamaterial meandered in the ground plane is introduced. The specific absorption rate (SAR) investigation is carried out on CST2014 Simulator. Maximum SAR value is 0.925 W/Kg which indicates that the wearable antenna are safe for human. The proposed antenna was simulated by CST simulator version 2014 and fabricated by photolithography technique.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116568950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790086
E. Yaacoub
Kerchoff's principle states that the security of encryption should be based on the key. Thus, increasing the encryption key length has been an essential approach in generating unbreakable ciphers. Recently, physical layer security has gained significant research attention. It allows secure communications between a source and destination without the need to resort to key-based encryption techniques. In this paper, secret key generation using massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques is investigated. The large number of subcarriers used in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems is also used to increase the key length. Several scenarios are investigated and corresponding key lengths are calculated. The combination of massive MIMO and OFDMA also allows to simultaneously implement physical layer security techniques while generating large keys for traditional key-based cryptography.
{"title":"On secret key generation with massive MIMO antennas using time-frequency-space dimensions","authors":"E. Yaacoub","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790086","url":null,"abstract":"Kerchoff's principle states that the security of encryption should be based on the key. Thus, increasing the encryption key length has been an essential approach in generating unbreakable ciphers. Recently, physical layer security has gained significant research attention. It allows secure communications between a source and destination without the need to resort to key-based encryption techniques. In this paper, secret key generation using massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques is investigated. The large number of subcarriers used in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems is also used to increase the key length. Several scenarios are investigated and corresponding key lengths are calculated. The combination of massive MIMO and OFDMA also allows to simultaneously implement physical layer security techniques while generating large keys for traditional key-based cryptography.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114375907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790087
A. Ghalib, M. Sharawi
In this paper, the Theory of characteristic modes (TCM) is used for analyzing the behavior of a defected ground structure (DGS) as an Isolation enhancement method for Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna systems. For analysis purposes a MIMO antenna system consisting of PIFA elements is used. Modes of the antennas were analyzed and the modes contributing to coupling were blocked by the DGS. The other modes are not significantly affected by the addition of the DGS. Using this approach we were able to get 5 dB extra isolation in the Bandwidth of interest.
{"title":"Analyzing DGS behavior for a MIMO antenna system using theory of characteristic modes","authors":"A. Ghalib, M. Sharawi","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790087","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the Theory of characteristic modes (TCM) is used for analyzing the behavior of a defected ground structure (DGS) as an Isolation enhancement method for Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna systems. For analysis purposes a MIMO antenna system consisting of PIFA elements is used. Modes of the antennas were analyzed and the modes contributing to coupling were blocked by the DGS. The other modes are not significantly affected by the addition of the DGS. Using this approach we were able to get 5 dB extra isolation in the Bandwidth of interest.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131737620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790088
A. Ghalib, M. Sharawi
In this paper, we compare the procedures and practicality/complexity of the antenna current green function (ACGF) and theory of characteristic modes (TCM) when applied to antenna design problems. Some recent works on both methods are summarized. The ACGF is an analytical method that relies on the antenna current equation, that is why its application is limited. In TCM the main focus, thus far has been on the chassis behavior and excitation of the modes on the chassis. In real scenarios, the chassis can not be used as the main radiating element because it acts as a base to many electronic components and this will obviously effect the natural modes of the antenna.
{"title":"A comparison between the antenna current green function and theory of characteristic modes","authors":"A. Ghalib, M. Sharawi","doi":"10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECAP.2016.7790088","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we compare the procedures and practicality/complexity of the antenna current green function (ACGF) and theory of characteristic modes (TCM) when applied to antenna design problems. Some recent works on both methods are summarized. The ACGF is an analytical method that relies on the antenna current equation, that is why its application is limited. In TCM the main focus, thus far has been on the chassis behavior and excitation of the modes on the chassis. In real scenarios, the chassis can not be used as the main radiating element because it acts as a base to many electronic components and this will obviously effect the natural modes of the antenna.","PeriodicalId":366020,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Middle East Conference on Antennas and Propagation (MECAP)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131047965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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