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2009 Asia Communications and Photonics conference and Exhibition (ACP)最新文献

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Studying liver cancer metastasis by in vivo imaging and flow cytometer 利用体内显像和流式细胞仪研究肝癌转移
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.WG2
Chen Wang, Zhengqin Gu, Jin Guo, Yan Li, Guangda Liu, Xunbin Wei
Primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, or HCC) is associated with liver cirrhosis 60–80% of the time. Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world, with approximately 1,000,000 cases reported every year. About 80% of people with primary liver cancer are male. Although two-thirds of people have advanced liver disease when they seek medical help, one third of the patients have cancer that has not progressed beyond the liver. HCC may metastasize to the lung, bones, kidney, and many other organs. Surgical resection, liver transplantation, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are the foundation of current HCC therapies. However the outcomes are poor:the survival rate is almost zero for metastatic HCC patients. Molecular mechanisms of HCC metastasis need to be understood better and new therapies must be developed to selectively target to unique characteristics of HCC cell growth and metastasis. We have developed the “in vivo microscopy” to study the mechanisms that govern liver tumor cell spread through the microenvironment in vivo with real-time confocal near-infrared fluorescence imaging. A recently developed “in vivo flow cytometer” and optical imaging are used to assess liver tumor cell spreading and the circulation kinetics of liver tumor cells. A real- time quantitative monitoring of circulating liver tumor cells by the in vivo flow cytometer will be useful to assess the effectiveness of the potential therapeutic interventions.
原发性肝癌(肝细胞癌或HCC)在60-80%的情况下与肝硬化相关。肝癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,每年约有100万例报告。大约80%的原发性肝癌患者是男性。虽然三分之二的人在寻求医疗帮助时已经患有晚期肝病,但三分之一的患者的癌症没有进展到肝脏以外。肝细胞癌可转移到肺、骨、肾和许多其他器官。手术切除、肝移植、化疗和放疗是目前HCC治疗的基础。然而,结果很差:转移性HCC患者的存活率几乎为零。HCC转移的分子机制需要更好地理解,新的治疗方法必须有选择性地针对HCC细胞生长和转移的独特特征。我们开发了“体内显微镜”,利用实时共聚焦近红外荧光成像技术,研究肝脏肿瘤细胞在体内微环境中扩散的机制。最近发展的“体内流式细胞仪”和光学成像用于评估肝肿瘤细胞的扩散和肝肿瘤细胞的循环动力学。利用体内流式细胞仪对循环的肝肿瘤细胞进行实时定量监测,将有助于评估潜在治疗干预措施的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Novel iterative p-cycle configure model in WDM intelligent optical network WDM智能光网络中一种新的迭代p周期配置模型
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.FG4
Bin Li, Shanguo Huang, Yongjun Zhang, W. Gu, Yunxiao Zu
In this paper, a p-cycle generation algorithm is proposed that can protect service of static traffic model in WDM network. As the basic p-cycle sets calculated by algorithm such as the straddle link algorithm (SLA) always contain a straddle link in it. That is why the protection efficiency is higher than bidirectional line switch ring (BLSR). Any idle resource can be used for traffic restoration. But if the resource is not configured carefully then not all the resource of idle state can be utilized efficiently. Some extensions of algorithms are brought into effect to improve the protection capability. Based on these extensions, a novel iterative expanding p-cycle is introduced. A platform is constructed in OPNET modeler to verify the performance of this algorithm. Simulation results show that after several expansions for the basic p-cycle sets, the efficiency is improved. The pre-configured resource is deployed before any requests come. Comparison between different network topologies is studied. Finally, the results are analyzed and some directivity is given for further research.
本文提出了一种保护WDM网络中静态业务模型业务的p周期生成算法。由于跨骑链路算法(SLA)等算法计算的基本p环集中总是包含一个跨骑链路。这就是为什么保护效率高于双向线路开关环(BLSR)。任何空闲资源都可以用于流量恢复。但是,如果资源配置不仔细,那么并非所有空闲状态的资源都能得到有效利用。为了提高保护能力,对算法进行了一些扩展。在此基础上,引入了一种新的迭代展开p环。在OPNET建模器中构建了一个平台来验证该算法的性能。仿真结果表明,对基本p循环集进行多次展开后,效率得到了提高。在任何请求到来之前部署预配置的资源。研究了不同网络拓扑结构之间的比较。最后对研究结果进行了分析,并给出了进一步研究的指导性。
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引用次数: 0
Deflection routing in multi-channel photonic network on chip architecture 片上多通道光子网络中的偏转路由
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.THD3
Jianxiong Tang, Yaohui Jin, Zhijuan Chang
Ultralow-latency and less power consumption have become necessary in multi-processor interconnection network on chip, photonic interconnection as a solution to meet above requirement, provides high performance interconnection on chip. But the photonic network on chip architecture design and performance is limited because photonic interconnection hasn't buffer, photonic network architecture must be designed to relieve this limitation. In this paper, we present a multi-channel photonic network on chip architecture employing deflection routing, optical data packets can inject/eject from processor core by four channels at the same time. Simulation result shows this network architecture has 60% latency decrease compared to generic photonic network on chip, and the photonic network architecture is only consume 7% power of the electronic interconnection network on chip with the same scale.
超低延迟和低功耗已成为多处理器互连片上网络的必要条件,光子互连作为满足上述要求的解决方案,提供了高性能的片上互连。但是由于光子互连没有缓冲器,光子网络的片上结构设计和性能受到限制,必须设计光子网络结构来缓解这一限制。本文提出了一种采用偏转路由的多通道片上光子网络架构,光数据包可以通过四个通道同时从处理器核心注入/退出。仿真结果表明,该网络架构比一般的片上光子网络延迟降低了60%,且功耗仅为同等规模的片上电子互连网络的7%。
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引用次数: 0
A dynamic routing algorithm for multi-domain photonic networks using averaged link load information 基于平均链路负载信息的多域光子网络动态路由算法
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.FG3
K. Shimada, S. Araki, H. Hasegawa, Ken-ichi Sato
We propose an inter-domain path routing algorithm for multi-domain photonic networks. The proposed algorithm introduces a step-wise weighting technique and utilizes averaged link load information of each domain and that of a link set between each adjacent domain pair. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms a conventional method in terms of blocking probability and matches that achieved without domain segmentation.
提出了一种适用于多域光子网络的域间路径路由算法。该算法引入了逐步加权技术,利用了每个域的平均链路负载信息和每个相邻域对之间的链路集的平均链路负载信息。数值实验表明,该算法在不进行区域分割的情况下,在阻塞概率和匹配度方面都优于传统方法。
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引用次数: 0
3D endoscopic optical coherence tomography based on rapid-scanning MEMS mirrors 基于快速扫描MEMS镜的三维内窥镜光学相干层析成像
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.FBB3
Huikai Xie
The paper reports 3D in vivo endoscopic imaging enabled by integrating rapid-scanning MEMS mirrors into an optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging probe. The MEMS mirrors have large aperture size, large scan range and low drive voltage. Polarization-sensitive OCT imaging has also been demonstrated.
该论文报道了通过将快速扫描MEMS反射镜集成到光学相干断层扫描(OCT)成像探针中实现的3D体内内窥镜成像。该MEMS反射镜具有孔径大、扫描范围大、驱动电压低等特点。偏振敏感的OCT成像也已得到证实。
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引用次数: 0
A novel WDM-PON structure using the orthogonal FSK/ASK remodulation scheme 采用正交FSK/ASK调制方案的新型WDM-PON结构
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/acp.2009.tut5
Xiao Liu, Yufeng Shao, C. Hou, Xi Zheng, Xinying Li, S. Zou, N. Chi
A WDM PON(wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network) structure using 40Gb/s FSK signal for downstream transmission and 10Gb/s orthogonal FSK/ASK re-modulated signal for upstream transmission is demonstrated. In the downstream direction, a novel FSK modulation scheme based on phase-to-intensity modulation conversion is adopted to generate a FSK signal at 40Gb/s, while orthogonal modulation format is used in the upstream transmission. The performance of the system is studied both with and without scattering. Simulation results show that the PON system can transmit for more than 20km, which is a promising candidate for future high-speed access network.
提出了一种下行传输40Gb/s FSK信号、上行传输10Gb/s正交FSK/ASK重调信号的波分复用无源光网络结构。在下行方向,采用基于相位-强度调制转换的新型FSK调制方案,产生40Gb/s的FSK信号,上行传输采用正交调制格式。研究了系统在有散射和无散射情况下的性能。仿真结果表明,该PON系统传输距离可达20km以上,是未来高速接入网的理想选择。
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引用次数: 0
Impairment aware routing with service differentiation in heterogeneous WDM networks 异构WDM网络中具有业务差异化的损伤感知路由
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.TUF6
A. Jirattigalachote, L. Wosinska, P. Montia, K. Katrinis, A. Tzanakaki
In transparent Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks, the signal is transported from source to destination in the optical domain through all-optical channels, or lightpaths. A lightpath may traverse several fiber segments and optical components that in general degrade the optical signal. This effect introduces the need for considering physical layer impairments during the connection-provisioning phase. Physical layer impairments can be divided into linear and non-linear. Both types of impairments are highly dependent on the fiber characteristics, which in turn are sensitive to length, temperature and age. A close look at the fiber infrastructure of today's network operators reveals a situation where old and newly deployed fibers coexist in the network. This heterogeneous fiber plant presents a challenge. A tradeoff should be found between the QoS requirements of connection requests and the use of the available (old and new) network resources. This calls for a provisioning mechanism able to adapt to the various fiber composition scenarios. In parallel, given the need for service differentiation, the authors recently proposed an Impairment Constraint Based Routing (ICBR) algorithm, referred to as ICBR-Diff, supporting differentiation of services at the BER (Bit Error Rate) level in a network with a homogeneous fiber infrastructure. In this paper the ICBR-Diff algorithm is extended to heterogeneous network; particularly, it is evaluated in WDM networks with fiber links having varying Polarization Mode Dispersion characteristics, i.e., with old and new fiber coexisting. Simulation results show that the ICBR-Diff algorithm exhibits high adaptability in a heterogeneous fiber composition scenario. This translates into improved performance in terms of blocking probability, when compared to traditional impairment aware routing algorithms.
在透明波分复用(WDM)网络中,信号在光域中通过全光通道或光路从源传输到目的。光路可以穿过通常会降低光信号的若干光纤段和光学元件。这种影响引入了在连接供应阶段考虑物理层损害的需要。物理层损伤可分为线性损伤和非线性损伤。这两种类型的损伤都高度依赖于纤维特性,而纤维特性又对长度、温度和年龄敏感。仔细观察当今网络运营商的光纤基础设施,就会发现网络中新旧部署的光纤并存的情况。这种异质纤维植物提出了一个挑战。应该在连接请求的QoS需求和可用(旧的和新的)网络资源的使用之间进行权衡。这就需要一种能够适应各种光纤组合场景的供应机制。同时,考虑到服务差异化的需求,作者最近提出了一种基于损害约束的路由(ICBR)算法,称为ICBR- diff,支持同质光纤基础设施网络中误码率(BER)级别的服务差异化。本文将ICBR-Diff算法扩展到异构网络;特别是在光纤链路具有不同偏振模色散特性(即新旧光纤共存)的WDM网络中进行了评价。仿真结果表明,ICBR-Diff算法在非均匀光纤组成情况下具有较高的适应性。与传统的损伤感知路由算法相比,这可以提高阻塞概率方面的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Metal-based 1X2 Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) splitter for video over POF system application 金属基1X2塑料光纤(POF)分路器,用于视频over POF系统应用
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.FA3
A. Ehsan, S. Shaari, M. K. Abd. Rahman
A 1X2 POF splitter based on a Y-branch metal hollow POF coupler design has been developed. The device is composed of three sections: an input POF waveguide, an intermediate hollow waveguide taper and output POF waveguides. Simulation based on non-sequential ray tracings have been performed on the POF splitter. Low cost aluminum based material has been used for the device substrate. Fabrication of the POF splitters are done by producing the device mold insert using high speed CNC machining tool and short POF fibers at the input and output sections are inserted inside the mold insert before the interfaces of the hollow waveguide taper. The POF splitter has an average insertion loss of 5.8 ± 0.2 dB, excess loss of 2.8 dB and coupling ratio of 1∶1. A video-over POF system test-bed consisting of a POF video transmitter and receiver has been constructed with a total transmission length of 10 m. The POF splitter has been tested in the video-over POF system and shows no significant signal degradation.
研制了一种基于y型金属空心POF耦合器设计的1X2 POF分路器。该器件由三部分组成:输入POF波导、中间空心波导锥和输出POF波导。对POF分路器进行了基于非顺序光线跟踪的仿真。低成本的铝基材料已被用于器件基板。POF分离器的制造是通过使用高速数控加工工具生产器件模具插入件来完成的,在空心波导锥度接口之前,将输入和输出部分的短POF光纤插入到模具插入件中。POF分路器的平均插入损耗为5.8±0.2 dB,多余损耗为2.8 dB,耦合比为1∶1。搭建了一个视频over POF系统试验台,由POF视频发射机和接收机组成,总传输长度为10 m。POF分配器已在视频over POF系统中进行了测试,显示没有明显的信号退化。
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引用次数: 1
Improved scheme for estimating T-CONT bandwidth demand in status reporting DBA for NG-PON NG-PON状态报告DBA中T-CONT带宽需求估计的改进方案
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.TUT2
B. Skubic, Biao Chen, Jiajia Chen, Jawwad Ahmed, L. Wosinska
A scheme for estimating T-CONT bandwidth demand within NG-PON DBA is proposed and evaluated. It is shown that at high load significant improvements in delay, jitter and bandwidth utilization can be achieved. For light loads the conventional scheme shows better delay performance. However, this may be overcome by controlled over-granting.
提出了一种估算NG-PON DBA中T-CONT带宽需求的方案并进行了评估。结果表明,在高负载情况下,可以显著改善延迟、抖动和带宽利用率。对于轻负载,传统方案具有较好的延迟性能。但是,这可以通过有控制的过度授予来克服。
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引用次数: 9
Analysis of key methods of MZ setup in TTA TTA中MZ设置的关键方法分析
Pub Date : 2010-01-12 DOI: 10.1364/ACP.2009.THW4
Mike Wang, Yunhua Xu, Stephen Gardner
In this paper, methods of tunable Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulator set-up in a Tunable Transmitter Assembly (TTA) have been investigated. Firstly the basic theory of the MZ modulator is introduced, and then there is discussion of MZ characterization in a Tunable Compact MZ modulator module (TCMZ). Secondly, dynamic control methods for accurately setting up the operating point for the MZ modulator during TTA AC test have been presented. Finally, detailed experiment results of a transmitter module with the method implemented have been analyzed. It demonstrates the methods improve application performance of the TTA.
本文研究了在可调谐发射机组件(TTA)中设置可调谐马赫-曾德尔(MZ)调制器的方法。首先介绍了MZ调制器的基本理论,然后讨论了可调谐紧凑型MZ调制器模块(TCMZ)的MZ特性。其次,提出了在TTA交流试验中精确设置MZ调制器工作点的动态控制方法。最后,对采用该方法实现的一个发射机模块的详细实验结果进行了分析。说明了这些方法提高了TTA的应用性能。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2009 Asia Communications and Photonics conference and Exhibition (ACP)
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