Background & Aim: During recent decades, infections disease resulting from opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans and resistance increasing of human pathogenic bacteria to current antibiotics has led to many problems for treating of these diseases. The aims of the present study was to investigate anti-fungi and anti-bacterial effects of Eucalyptus extract on Candida albicans species isolated from clinical samples and some standard human pathogenic bacteria. Experimental: Eucalyptus extract was provided using rotary apparatus and maceration method. Thirty isolates of Candida albicans were isolated from referred patients to gynecologist and then were purified and identified by valid keys. Finally, 30 isolated were used to growth inhibitory activity assay. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eucalyptus extract against 5 standard bacteria inculding: Staphylococcus aureu, Shigella dysenteriae, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio cholera and Bacillus cereus were evaluated using micro broth dilution method. Results: Our results indicated that in compare to bacterial strains, fungus isolates showed more sensitivity to eucalyptus extract. The highest and lowest MIC of extract was recorded at 12.5 and 3.1 ppm for S. aureus and B. cereus, respectively. As MIC, the maximum MBC (20ppm) and minimum MBC (5ppm) of extract was recorded fro S. aureus and B. cereus respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration of extract to fungal growth inhibitory was 50 ppm, whereas the maximum inhibiting concentration was 150 ppm. Recommended applications/industries: The positive and interesting results suggest the essential oil of E. globulus could be exploited antibiotic for the treatment of candidiasous disease caused by Candida albicans fungi, and some human pathogenic bacteria studied in this work. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016
{"title":"Comparative study of the effect of Eucalyptus extract on Candida albicans and human pathogenic bacteria","authors":"Z. Dehbashi, F. Forghani, S. Sabbagh, S. Saeidi","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.93","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: During recent decades, infections disease resulting from opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans and resistance increasing of human pathogenic bacteria to current antibiotics has led to many problems for treating of these diseases. The aims of the present study was to investigate anti-fungi and anti-bacterial effects of Eucalyptus extract on Candida albicans species isolated from clinical samples and some standard human pathogenic bacteria. Experimental: Eucalyptus extract was provided using rotary apparatus and maceration method. Thirty isolates of Candida albicans were isolated from referred patients to gynecologist and then were purified and identified by valid keys. Finally, 30 isolated were used to growth inhibitory activity assay. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eucalyptus extract against 5 standard bacteria inculding: Staphylococcus aureu, Shigella dysenteriae, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio cholera and Bacillus cereus were evaluated using micro broth dilution method. Results: Our results indicated that in compare to bacterial strains, fungus isolates showed more sensitivity to eucalyptus extract. The highest and lowest MIC of extract was recorded at 12.5 and 3.1 ppm for S. aureus and B. cereus, respectively. As MIC, the maximum MBC (20ppm) and minimum MBC (5ppm) of extract was recorded fro S. aureus and B. cereus respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration of extract to fungal growth inhibitory was 50 ppm, whereas the maximum inhibiting concentration was 150 ppm. Recommended applications/industries: The positive and interesting results suggest the essential oil of E. globulus could be exploited antibiotic for the treatment of candidiasous disease caused by Candida albicans fungi, and some human pathogenic bacteria studied in this work. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115426877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aim: Satureja Isophylla L. is a medicinal herb which belongs to the family Lamiacease. Salinity affects the growth, the quality and quantity of essential oils of medicinal plants. Chitosan is also considered as a biological elicitor which plays a role in improving production of secondary metabolites of medicinal herbs. The current project was conducted to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of chitosan on growth indices and the quality and quantity of essential oil under salt stress (salinity). Experimental: In this study, savory was treated by chitosan at three levels (0, 0.2 and 0.4 g/l) and NaCl with three concentrations (0, 50, and 100mM). After a two-week treatment, the dry weight of the root and the stem, the herb height, and the number of leaves and lateral branches were measured. In addition, the composition of the herb's essential oil was analyzed and identified by GC/MS. Results: The results showed that salt stress decreased the dry weight of the root and stem, the herb height, and its number of leaves and lateral stems. Chitosan treatment could amend this reduction. Sodium chloride mutual treatment with the concentration of 50 mM as well as that of chitosan with the concentration of 0.2 g/l had a significant effect on the increase of the yield and quality of the essential oil. The results of the GC/MS analysis showed that 14 main compositions were detected in the essential oil, in which the major amount belonged to P-Cymene (3.13%), Y-Terpinene (28.97%) and Caryacrol ( 59.64%). The findings indicated that the utmost amount of Carvacrol was obtained by the increment of salt stress at the salt concentration of 100 mM and with chitosan concentration of 0.4 g/l; moreover, the greatest amount of P-Cymene and Y-Terpinene was obtained by the increment of salt stress with salt concentration of 50 mM and chitosan concentration of 0.4 g/l. Recommended applications/industries: Chitosan is recommended to be exploited in industry as it has moderating effects against salt stress in addition of the increment influence on the certain secondary metabolites of savory. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016
{"title":"The effect of foliar application of chitosan on yield and essential oil of savory (Saturejaisophylla L.) under salt stress","authors":"S. Salehi, Z. Rezayatmand, A. G. Pirbalouti","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.101","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: Satureja Isophylla L. is a medicinal herb which belongs to the family Lamiacease. Salinity affects the growth, the quality and quantity of essential oils of medicinal plants. Chitosan is also considered as a biological elicitor which plays a role in improving production of secondary metabolites of medicinal herbs. The current project was conducted to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of chitosan on growth indices and the quality and quantity of essential oil under salt stress (salinity). Experimental: In this study, savory was treated by chitosan at three levels (0, 0.2 and 0.4 g/l) and NaCl with three concentrations (0, 50, and 100mM). After a two-week treatment, the dry weight of the root and the stem, the herb height, and the number of leaves and lateral branches were measured. In addition, the composition of the herb's essential oil was analyzed and identified by GC/MS. Results: The results showed that salt stress decreased the dry weight of the root and stem, the herb height, and its number of leaves and lateral stems. Chitosan treatment could amend this reduction. Sodium chloride mutual treatment with the concentration of 50 mM as well as that of chitosan with the concentration of 0.2 g/l had a significant effect on the increase of the yield and quality of the essential oil. The results of the GC/MS analysis showed that 14 main compositions were detected in the essential oil, in which the major amount belonged to P-Cymene (3.13%), Y-Terpinene (28.97%) and Caryacrol ( 59.64%). The findings indicated that the utmost amount of Carvacrol was obtained by the increment of salt stress at the salt concentration of 100 mM and with chitosan concentration of 0.4 g/l; moreover, the greatest amount of P-Cymene and Y-Terpinene was obtained by the increment of salt stress with salt concentration of 50 mM and chitosan concentration of 0.4 g/l. Recommended applications/industries: Chitosan is recommended to be exploited in industry as it has moderating effects against salt stress in addition of the increment influence on the certain secondary metabolites of savory. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117128067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parabens or alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid are permitted to use as preservatives in many thousands of cosmetics, foods and drugs. Therefore, by using these products the humans are exposed to daily intake of parabenes. Parabenes are quickly absorbed from gastrointestinal tract, blood and skin (Darbre et al., 2004; Soni et al., 2001). The osterogenic effects of parabens have been confirmed in 1998 (Routledge et al., 1998). Also topical daily administration of parabens decreased the keratinocytes proliferation and cell morphology (Ishiwatari et al., 2007). On the basis of research, the oesterogenic stimulation is associated with female breast cancer incidence and development of malignant melanoma in male reproductive system (Darbre & Harvey, 2008; Tavares et al., 2009). Furthermore, the use of parabens in baby and child care products and demonstrating their estrogenic effects in children's blood samples (Purdel et al., 2015) have concerned the health affairs. In attention to these concerns, replacing the parabens with the suitable ones preferably from natural sources in baby and child care products is one of the most important issues in current years. Essential oils, Journal of Herbal Drug
对羟基苯甲酸酯或对羟基苯甲酸的烷基酯被允许用作数千种化妆品、食品和药品的防腐剂。因此，通过使用这些产品，人类每天都会摄入对羟基苯甲酸酯。对羟基苯甲酸酯能迅速从胃肠道、血液和皮肤中吸收(Darbre等人，2004;Soni et al.， 2001)。对羟基苯甲酸酯的成骨作用已于1998年得到证实(Routledge et al.， 1998)。此外，每日局部使用对羟基苯甲酸酯可降低角质形成细胞的增殖和细胞形态(Ishiwatari等人，2007)。根据研究，雌激素刺激与女性乳腺癌的发病率和男性生殖系统恶性黑色素瘤的发展有关(Darbre & Harvey, 2008;塔瓦雷斯等人，2009)。此外，婴儿和儿童护理产品中对羟基苯甲酸酯的使用以及在儿童血液样本中显示其雌激素作用(Purdel et al.， 2015)已涉及健康事务。考虑到这些问题，在婴儿和儿童护理产品中使用天然来源的对羟基苯甲酸酯替代对羟基苯甲酸酯是近年来最重要的问题之一。精油，草药杂志
{"title":"Main ingredients in herbal formulation may act as preservative agent","authors":"M. Mahboubi, M. Kermani, Hasan Karbasi Zadeh","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.116","url":null,"abstract":"Parabens or alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid are permitted to use as preservatives in many thousands of cosmetics, foods and drugs. Therefore, by using these products the humans are exposed to daily intake of parabenes. Parabenes are quickly absorbed from gastrointestinal tract, blood and skin (Darbre et al., 2004; Soni et al., 2001). The osterogenic effects of parabens have been confirmed in 1998 (Routledge et al., 1998). Also topical daily administration of parabens decreased the keratinocytes proliferation and cell morphology (Ishiwatari et al., 2007). On the basis of research, the oesterogenic stimulation is associated with female breast cancer incidence and development of malignant melanoma in male reproductive system (Darbre & Harvey, 2008; Tavares et al., 2009). Furthermore, the use of parabens in baby and child care products and demonstrating their estrogenic effects in children's blood samples (Purdel et al., 2015) have concerned the health affairs. In attention to these concerns, replacing the parabens with the suitable ones preferably from natural sources in baby and child care products is one of the most important issues in current years. Essential oils, Journal of Herbal Drug","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124907195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Desplatsia subericarpa is an understory dense tree growing up to 10 meters tall. The bole is about 4-10 cm in diameter. The glabrous papery leavesare alternate and simple with stipules.Drupe is 6-10cm long and 57.5 cm wide (Burkill, 2000; Keay, 1958). D.Subericarpa has been identified following an ethnopharmacological survey of neglected plants with food and therapeutic uses in Southern Nigeria. Folklorically, the fresh leaves of D. subericarpa are eaten as vegetables while the dried leavesaremade into a decoction useful in managing diabetic conditions yet Journal of Herbal Drug
{"title":"Regulation of Intestinal GLP-1 and GLUT2 genes underlie hypoglycemia in Desplatsia subericarpa (Bocq)-Fed Wistar Rats","authors":"O. Omotuyi, Ovuakporie-Uvo Oghale, I. MacDonald","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.79","url":null,"abstract":"Desplatsia subericarpa is an understory dense tree growing up to 10 meters tall. The bole is about 4-10 cm in diameter. The glabrous papery leavesare alternate and simple with stipules.Drupe is 6-10cm long and 57.5 cm wide (Burkill, 2000; Keay, 1958). D.Subericarpa has been identified following an ethnopharmacological survey of neglected plants with food and therapeutic uses in Southern Nigeria. Folklorically, the fresh leaves of D. subericarpa are eaten as vegetables while the dried leavesaremade into a decoction useful in managing diabetic conditions yet Journal of Herbal Drug","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"52 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132707427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Golparvar, A. Hadipanah, M. Gheisari, D. Naderi, Shima Rahmaniyan, M. Khorrami
Background & Aim:The genus Salvia (commonly known as sage) is a broad genus belonging to the family Lamiaceae. This study is aimed at assessing the essential oil composition and antimicrobial activities of two Salvia species. Experimental: The chemical composition of the essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia virgata Jacq, cultivated in Estahban (Fars, South Iran), was studied by means of GC-MSanalyses. Antimicrobial activity was tested against a panel of microorganisms including one Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis PTCC NO. 1435) and one Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and three fungal strain (Alternaria alternata PTCC NO. 5224, Penicillium funiculosum PTCC NO. 5301 and P. funiculosum PTCC NO. 5169) using the disk diffusion and agar-well diffusion methods and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) technique. Results: In all, 57 compounds were identified, 42 for S. officinalis, accounting for 98.94% ofthe total oil, 29 for S. virgata (98.81%). The major components of S. officinalis essential oil were α-thujone (37.18%), 1,8-cineole (12.71%), β-thujone (9.10%) and the major components of S. virgata essential oil were caryophyllene oxide (30.23%), β-caryophyllene (22.63%), sabinene (11.82%). The antimicrobial activity of the total essential oil evaluated by the agar-well diffusion method, the results showed that the highest active against S. epidermidis and also the least active against E. coli. Inhibition of growth was tested by the disk diffusion method, the results showed that essential oil of S. officinalis and S. virgata were highest active against E. coli and P. funiculosum (PTCC NO. 5301), respectively. Also the least active against A. alternata. Recommended applications/industries: The results showed thatS. officinalis oil had higher antimicrobial activity compare to S. virgata
{"title":"Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia virgata Jacq","authors":"A. Golparvar, A. Hadipanah, M. Gheisari, D. Naderi, Shima Rahmaniyan, M. Khorrami","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.71","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim:The genus Salvia (commonly known as sage) is a broad genus belonging to the family Lamiaceae. This study is aimed at assessing the essential oil composition and antimicrobial activities of two Salvia species. Experimental: The chemical composition of the essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia virgata Jacq, cultivated in Estahban (Fars, South Iran), was studied by means of GC-MSanalyses. Antimicrobial activity was tested against a panel of microorganisms including one Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis PTCC NO. 1435) and one Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and three fungal strain (Alternaria alternata PTCC NO. 5224, Penicillium funiculosum PTCC NO. 5301 and P. funiculosum PTCC NO. 5169) using the disk diffusion and agar-well diffusion methods and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) technique. Results: In all, 57 compounds were identified, 42 for S. officinalis, accounting for 98.94% ofthe total oil, 29 for S. virgata (98.81%). The major components of S. officinalis essential oil were α-thujone (37.18%), 1,8-cineole (12.71%), β-thujone (9.10%) and the major components of S. virgata essential oil were caryophyllene oxide (30.23%), β-caryophyllene (22.63%), sabinene (11.82%). The antimicrobial activity of the total essential oil evaluated by the agar-well diffusion method, the results showed that the highest active against S. epidermidis and also the least active against E. coli. Inhibition of growth was tested by the disk diffusion method, the results showed that essential oil of S. officinalis and S. virgata were highest active against E. coli and P. funiculosum (PTCC NO. 5301), respectively. Also the least active against A. alternata. Recommended applications/industries: The results showed thatS. officinalis oil had higher antimicrobial activity compare to S. virgata","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132940477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
About five million people yearly in the world are affected by Sickle cell disease (SCD) and approximately 1,00,000 children in the world are born each year with SCD. It is considered as a public health problem, particularly in west and central Africa and Indian subcontinent. (Moody et al., 2003, Mpiana et al., 2007, Mandot et al., 2009). Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal genetic blood disorder where concave blood cells are changed to abnormal sickle shaped red blood cells (RBCs). In sickle hemoglobin, glutamtic acid is replaced by valine in position 6 (Mpiana et al., 2013) causes a reduction in the solubility of sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) and its polymerization to form a mass of fibres which changes shape of erythrocytes into a sickle shape (Clarke and Pazdernik, 2013). The therapies include Journal of Herbal Drug
世界上每年约有500万人受到镰状细胞病(SCD)的影响，世界上每年约有10万儿童出生时患有SCD。它被认为是一个公共卫生问题，特别是在西非和中非以及印度次大陆。(Moody等人，2003;Mpiana等人，2007;Mandot等人，2009)。镰状细胞性贫血是一种常染色体遗传性血液疾病，其中凹形血细胞变为异常的镰状红细胞(rbc)。在镰状血红蛋白中，谷氨酸被位置6的缬氨酸取代(Mpiana et al.， 2013)，导致镰状血红蛋白(HbS)的溶解度降低，其聚合形成大量纤维，将红细胞的形状改变为镰状(Clarke and Pazdernik, 2013)。疗法包括《草药杂志》
{"title":"An in vitro study on anti-sickling activity of Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia bellirica","authors":"A. Firodiya, A. Mani, V. Thawani","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.1","url":null,"abstract":"About five million people yearly in the world are affected by Sickle cell disease (SCD) and approximately 1,00,000 children in the world are born each year with SCD. It is considered as a public health problem, particularly in west and central Africa and Indian subcontinent. (Moody et al., 2003, Mpiana et al., 2007, Mandot et al., 2009). Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal genetic blood disorder where concave blood cells are changed to abnormal sickle shaped red blood cells (RBCs). In sickle hemoglobin, glutamtic acid is replaced by valine in position 6 (Mpiana et al., 2013) causes a reduction in the solubility of sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) and its polymerization to form a mass of fibres which changes shape of erythrocytes into a sickle shape (Clarke and Pazdernik, 2013). The therapies include Journal of Herbal Drug","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121859674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tina Zabihi Nik, M. Hakemi-Vala, Fatemeh Baghery Bejestany
Background & Aim: Platychaete aucheri (Boiss.) Boissis one of the Persian endemic plants and it belongs to Asteraceae family. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic extract and three sub-fractions of the flowering aerial parts of Platychaete aucheri against some gram-positive and gram-negative standard bacteria, Candida albicans and clinical Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs) and burn wounds. Experimental: Total methanolic extract of P.aucheri was prepared by maceration method.Further chloroform, petroleum ether and aqueous fractions were obtained by using liquid-liquid extraction method. Antimicrobial effect examined by well diffusion and broth microdilution method based on the CLSI protocol. The standard tested microbial strains included Escherichia coli PTCC 1399, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1430, Staphylococcus aureus PTCC1431, Bacillus cereus PTCC 1247 and Candida albicans PTCC 5027. Also, extract and fractions were tested against Escherichia coli isolates from urine samples and burn wounds of patients from Imam Khomeini and Shahid Motahari Hospitals of Tehran (Iran) during 2013 and 2014 respectively. Results: Total extract and fractions had ability to prevent microbial growth. Total methanolic extract, chloroform and petroleum ether fractions demonstrated moderate antimicrobial activity against standard P.aeruginosa and E.coli with MIC values in the range of 35-42 mg/ml. MIC values against clinical isolates of E.coli were in the range of 60-72 mg/ml. The aqueous fraction showed lower antimicrobial activity in comparison to total extract and other fractions against standard and clinical isolates. Results confirmed that petroleum ether and chloroform fractions had relatively more anti bacterial activity than total methanolic extract and aqueous fraction. Recommended applications/industries: Based on the non toxicity results in future studies, this plant can be used as a natural antibacterial source for therapeutic products to help UTIs and wounds treatment. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016
{"title":"Investigation of antimicrobial effect of crude extract and three sub-fractions of Platychaete aucheri (Boiss.) Boiss against five standard microbial strains and clinical Escherichia coli isolates","authors":"Tina Zabihi Nik, M. Hakemi-Vala, Fatemeh Baghery Bejestany","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: Platychaete aucheri (Boiss.) Boissis one of the Persian endemic plants and it belongs to Asteraceae family. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic extract and three sub-fractions of the flowering aerial parts of Platychaete aucheri against some gram-positive and gram-negative standard bacteria, Candida albicans and clinical Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs) and burn wounds. Experimental: Total methanolic extract of P.aucheri was prepared by maceration method.Further chloroform, petroleum ether and aqueous fractions were obtained by using liquid-liquid extraction method. Antimicrobial effect examined by well diffusion and broth microdilution method based on the CLSI protocol. The standard tested microbial strains included Escherichia coli PTCC 1399, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1430, Staphylococcus aureus PTCC1431, Bacillus cereus PTCC 1247 and Candida albicans PTCC 5027. Also, extract and fractions were tested against Escherichia coli isolates from urine samples and burn wounds of patients from Imam Khomeini and Shahid Motahari Hospitals of Tehran (Iran) during 2013 and 2014 respectively. Results: Total extract and fractions had ability to prevent microbial growth. Total methanolic extract, chloroform and petroleum ether fractions demonstrated moderate antimicrobial activity against standard P.aeruginosa and E.coli with MIC values in the range of 35-42 mg/ml. MIC values against clinical isolates of E.coli were in the range of 60-72 mg/ml. The aqueous fraction showed lower antimicrobial activity in comparison to total extract and other fractions against standard and clinical isolates. Results confirmed that petroleum ether and chloroform fractions had relatively more anti bacterial activity than total methanolic extract and aqueous fraction. Recommended applications/industries: Based on the non toxicity results in future studies, this plant can be used as a natural antibacterial source for therapeutic products to help UTIs and wounds treatment. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117135813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Banihashemi, R. Khavari-Nejad, N. Yassa, F. Najafi
Background & Aim: A new sustainable tissue-based system is presented by plant hairy roots, preserving all of the several specialized types of cell with critical roles in allowing bioactive secondary molecules to be synthesized more consistently as usual. The system is also essential for studying the production of alkaloid in culture. Experimental: The Atropa komarovii leaves were wounded and infected with soil gram-negative bacterium Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834. After three weeks, the transformation roots and control roots without infection, appeared, and for confirming that T-DNA Ri plasmid fragments were transformed and integrated to plant genome, the rolB gene region, was amplified using PCR. HPLC method was then used for assaying how two tropane alkaloids such as atropine (hyosciamine) and scopolamine (hyoscine) were produced in hairy roots,control roots, leaves and roots of plantlet. Results: The data indicated that diagnostic 500bp rol B product amplification was exhibited to be present by all the transformed hairy roots. Scopolamine content in hairy roots was considerably greater than that in control roots but greatest (Hyoscyamine) atropine content was observed in control roots. Analysis of DW, FW and root length showed that fresh and dry root weight increased in hairy roots compared with that in non transformed root. Recommended applications/industries: The present study demonstrated that secondary metabolite production using medicinal plants concerns many researchers worldwide today and hairy root culture is a useful method for producing tropane alkaloids in solanaceae. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016
背景与目的:植物毛状根提出了一种新的基于组织的可持续系统，保留了所有几种特殊类型的细胞，这些细胞在允许生物活性二级分子的合成中发挥关键作用。该系统也是研究生物碱在培养过程中产生的必要条件。实验:用土壤革兰氏阴性菌发根农杆菌ATCC15834侵染小桐叶。3周后，转化根和未感染的对照根出现，为证实T-DNA Ri质粒片段已转化并整合到植物基因组中，采用PCR扩增rolB基因区域。采用高效液相色谱法测定了毛状根、对照根、叶片和根中阿托品(海莨菪碱)和东莨菪碱(海莨菪碱)两种tropane生物碱的产生过程。结果:所有转化的毛状根均表现出诊断性的500bp rol B产物扩增。毛状根的东莨菪碱含量显著高于对照根，而对照根的阿托品含量最高。DW、FW和根长分析表明，与未转化根相比，毛状根的鲜根和干根重均有所增加。推荐应用/行业:本研究表明，利用药用植物生产次生代谢物是当今世界上许多研究者关注的问题，毛状根培养是一种有效的生产茄科植物中tropane生物碱的方法。类型:原创性研究题目:药用植物收稿日期:2016.7.24收稿日期:2016.12.16
{"title":"In vitro production of secondary metabolite using Atropa komarovii Bline&Shal (Solanaceae) hairy root culture via Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834","authors":"O. Banihashemi, R. Khavari-Nejad, N. Yassa, F. Najafi","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.51","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: A new sustainable tissue-based system is presented by plant hairy roots, preserving all of the several specialized types of cell with critical roles in allowing bioactive secondary molecules to be synthesized more consistently as usual. The system is also essential for studying the production of alkaloid in culture. Experimental: The Atropa komarovii leaves were wounded and infected with soil gram-negative bacterium Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834. After three weeks, the transformation roots and control roots without infection, appeared, and for confirming that T-DNA Ri plasmid fragments were transformed and integrated to plant genome, the rolB gene region, was amplified using PCR. HPLC method was then used for assaying how two tropane alkaloids such as atropine (hyosciamine) and scopolamine (hyoscine) were produced in hairy roots,control roots, leaves and roots of plantlet. Results: The data indicated that diagnostic 500bp rol B product amplification was exhibited to be present by all the transformed hairy roots. Scopolamine content in hairy roots was considerably greater than that in control roots but greatest (Hyoscyamine) atropine content was observed in control roots. Analysis of DW, FW and root length showed that fresh and dry root weight increased in hairy roots compared with that in non transformed root. Recommended applications/industries: The present study demonstrated that secondary metabolite production using medicinal plants concerns many researchers worldwide today and hairy root culture is a useful method for producing tropane alkaloids in solanaceae. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122440292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ravendra Kumar, P. Om, K. PantAnil, K. Mahesh, A. IsidorovValary, S. Lech
Background & Aim: Family Zingiberaceae is worldwide in distribution. Plants of the zingiberaceae family are used in traditional herbal folk medicine besides their uses in spices, cosmetic, ornamental, food preservatives etc. In Uttarakhand the herbs grow from sub-tropical to temperate region. Globba sessiliflora Sims rhizomes were collected at maturity stage in November from Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. In present communication the medicinal use of various zingiberaceous herb provoked us to study the chemical diversity and pharmacological activity determination of this important traditional herb. Experimental: The essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC-MS. Anti-inflamatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activities of essential oil were experimently determined using mice model. Results: The major compounds identified were β-eudesmol (27.6%), (E)-βcaryophyllene (24.3%), α-humulene (3.0%), (6E)-nerolidol (4.1%), caryophyllene oxide (9.7%), γ-eudesmol (6.4%) and τ-muurolol (8.3%) besides other minor constituents. Essential oil of G. sessiliflora rhizome showed good anti-inflamatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activities at the dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight. The oral administration of the essential oil exhibited no toxicity at 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg b.wt. concentration. Ibuprofen, indomthacin and paracetamol were used as standard drugs for comparison. Recommended applications/industries: G. sessiliflora essential oil can be used as herbal remedy for its nontoxicity anti-inflamatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activities Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016
{"title":"Chemical composition and anti-inflamatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activity of rhizome essential oil of Globba sessiliflora Sims. collected from Garhwal region of Uttarakhand","authors":"Ravendra Kumar, P. Om, K. PantAnil, K. Mahesh, A. IsidorovValary, S. Lech","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.59","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: Family Zingiberaceae is worldwide in distribution. Plants of the zingiberaceae family are used in traditional herbal folk medicine besides their uses in spices, cosmetic, ornamental, food preservatives etc. In Uttarakhand the herbs grow from sub-tropical to temperate region. Globba sessiliflora Sims rhizomes were collected at maturity stage in November from Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. In present communication the medicinal use of various zingiberaceous herb provoked us to study the chemical diversity and pharmacological activity determination of this important traditional herb. Experimental: The essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC-MS. Anti-inflamatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activities of essential oil were experimently determined using mice model. Results: The major compounds identified were β-eudesmol (27.6%), (E)-βcaryophyllene (24.3%), α-humulene (3.0%), (6E)-nerolidol (4.1%), caryophyllene oxide (9.7%), γ-eudesmol (6.4%) and τ-muurolol (8.3%) besides other minor constituents. Essential oil of G. sessiliflora rhizome showed good anti-inflamatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activities at the dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight. The oral administration of the essential oil exhibited no toxicity at 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg b.wt. concentration. Ibuprofen, indomthacin and paracetamol were used as standard drugs for comparison. Recommended applications/industries: G. sessiliflora essential oil can be used as herbal remedy for its nontoxicity anti-inflamatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic activities Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132198008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aim: Dill “Anethum graveolens” is an annual medical plantin the celery family “Apiaceae”. It is the sole species of the genus “Anethum”.The health advantages of dill seed include its ability to increasedigestive health, as well as providingrelief from insomnia, hiccups, diarrhea, dysentery, menstrual disorders, respiratory disorders, and cancer. This experiment aimed to determine the effects of using different levels of Dill seeds on performance, some blood biochemical parameters and intestinal microbial population in Ross 308 broiler chicks. Experimental: 300 one-day-old male broiler chickswere divided into the four treatments with six replicates and 15 birds each as randomized design. The treatments contained basal diet with no Dill seeds kept as control, and200,400 and 600 gof Dill seedsper each ton of diets respectively. The live bodyweightsgain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of birdswere calculated weekly. At the end of the experimentfour male birdsform each replicates were slaughtered and dressing percentage were calculated. In addition, some carcass traits and chick’s visceral partwere weighed separately as percentage of carcass and some organs weight. Results: Data indicated that using Dill seeds increased feed intake (FI) in treatmentscompared to control.Alsobody weight (BW) (g/d) and Preslaughter weight (g) were higher in groups that werefed by dill seedscompared to the control. Additionally, therewere significant differences (p<0.05) for feed conversation ratio (FCR) among treatments. Recommended applications/industries: In conclusion, increasing levels of Dill seeds improved performance and some blood biochemical parametersof broilers chicks. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016
{"title":"Effect of using different levels of Dill seeds on performance, some blood biochemical and intestinal microbial population in Ross 308 broiler chicks","authors":"Yaser Rahimian, F. Kheiri, M. Alavi, M. Aboozar","doi":"10.18869/JHD.2017.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/JHD.2017.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: Dill “Anethum graveolens” is an annual medical plantin the celery family “Apiaceae”. It is the sole species of the genus “Anethum”.The health advantages of dill seed include its ability to increasedigestive health, as well as providingrelief from insomnia, hiccups, diarrhea, dysentery, menstrual disorders, respiratory disorders, and cancer. This experiment aimed to determine the effects of using different levels of Dill seeds on performance, some blood biochemical parameters and intestinal microbial population in Ross 308 broiler chicks. Experimental: 300 one-day-old male broiler chickswere divided into the four treatments with six replicates and 15 birds each as randomized design. The treatments contained basal diet with no Dill seeds kept as control, and200,400 and 600 gof Dill seedsper each ton of diets respectively. The live bodyweightsgain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of birdswere calculated weekly. At the end of the experimentfour male birdsform each replicates were slaughtered and dressing percentage were calculated. In addition, some carcass traits and chick’s visceral partwere weighed separately as percentage of carcass and some organs weight. Results: Data indicated that using Dill seeds increased feed intake (FI) in treatmentscompared to control.Alsobody weight (BW) (g/d) and Preslaughter weight (g) were higher in groups that werefed by dill seedscompared to the control. Additionally, therewere significant differences (p<0.05) for feed conversation ratio (FCR) among treatments. Recommended applications/industries: In conclusion, increasing levels of Dill seeds improved performance and some blood biochemical parametersof broilers chicks. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016","PeriodicalId":366512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Drugs: International Journal on Medicinal Herbs","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130657273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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