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2021 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM)最新文献

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Scale Force Control of a Robot Bearing Augmentation Exoskeleton 机器人轴承增强外骨骼的比例力控制
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536125
Lin Lang, Hui Peng, Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu, Zongtan Zhou
Human performance augmentation exoskeletons have a wide range of applications in the military, industry, construction and other environments. The control methods of augmentation exoskeletons are crucial to ensure effective assistance and the safety of the systems. We proposed a scale force control method that considers both cognitive human-robot interaction and physical human-robot interaction. Experiments on an elbow joint exoskeleton verified the feasibility of the method.
人体性能增强外骨骼在军事、工业、建筑等环境中有着广泛的应用。增强外骨骼的控制方法是保证系统有效辅助和安全的关键。提出了一种同时考虑认知人机交互和物理人机交互的尺度力控制方法。在肘关节外骨骼上的实验验证了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Solder Joint Inspection Using Imaginary Part of Gabor Features 利用Gabor虚部特征检测焊点
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536158
Hao Wu, Tianya You, Xiangrong Xu, A. Rodic, P. Petrovic
In this paper, an imaginary part of Gabor features based feature selection and classification method for electronic component solder joint inspection have been proposed. Using an image acquisition system, the images of component solder can be obtained. The RGB color solder joint image is transformed into HSI (Hue-Saturation-Intensity) model space and the image Gabor features is extracted. Then based on the algorithm of principal component analysis (PCA), feature selection is conducted. finally, the solder joint is classified using the support vector machine (SVM). The proposed inspection scheme improves efficiency and recognition, since it extracts the Gabor features and reduces the input image dimension through feature selection.
提出了一种基于Gabor虚部特征的电子元件焊点检测特征选择与分类方法。利用图像采集系统,可以获得元件焊料的图像。将RGB彩色焊点图像转换为HSI (Hue-Saturation-Intensity)模型空间,提取图像Gabor特征。然后基于主成分分析(PCA)算法进行特征选择。最后,利用支持向量机对焊点进行分类。该检测方案提取Gabor特征,通过特征选择降低输入图像的维数,提高了检测效率和识别效率。
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引用次数: 3
Deep Koopman Operator Based Model Predictive Control for Nonlinear Robotics Systems 基于深度Koopman算子的非线性机器人系统模型预测控制
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536053
Xuefeng Wang, Yu Kang, Yang Cao
Modeling and control of nonlinear robotic systems have been challenging tasks. If a linear approximate embed-ding space for nonlinear dynamical robotic systems can be constructed, well-established techniques in the field of linear systems are expected to be used to deal with this problem. The Koopman theory suggests that a data-driven approach can be used to construct a suitable set of observation functions to map the nonlinear system into an equivalent linear model in the embedding space. We use deep neural networks to construct more adaptive sets of observation functions, treat the control inputs as generalized states, learn the input-Koopman operator of the controlled nonlinear robotic system, and construct the embedded linear state model DKoopman-predictor. The learned linear state model is then used to design the model prediction controller (DKoopman-MPC) to control the original nonlinear robotic system. The proposed approach is easy to implement and is data-driven without the need for a priori knowledge of model dynamics. Our experiments on mobile robot modeling and control show that the proposed method has higher model fidelity than existing local linearization methods, achieving 79.27% error reduction in the prediction task and has good convergence properties in the control task.
非线性机器人系统的建模和控制一直是一项具有挑战性的任务。如果可以构建非线性动力机器人系统的线性近似嵌入空间,则有望利用线性系统领域的成熟技术来处理这一问题。Koopman理论表明,数据驱动的方法可以用来构造一组合适的观测函数,将非线性系统映射到嵌入空间中的等效线性模型中。利用深度神经网络构造自适应的观测函数集,将控制输入视为广义状态,学习被控非线性机器人系统的输入-库普曼算子,构造嵌入式线性状态模型d库普曼预测器。然后利用学习到的线性状态模型设计模型预测控制器(DKoopman-MPC)来控制原非线性机器人系统。所提出的方法易于实现,并且是数据驱动的,不需要先验的模型动力学知识。通过对移动机器人建模和控制的实验表明,该方法比现有的局部线性化方法具有更高的模型保真度,在预测任务中误差降低79.27%,在控制任务中具有良好的收敛性。
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引用次数: 3
Reliability Evaluation Method for Meta-action Unit Based on the All Fault Modes 基于全故障模式的元动作单元可靠性评估方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536110
Zongyi Mu, Y. Ran, Genbao Zhang, Guangqi Ying
Design for key Meta-action unit is an effective method to reduce the design difficulty of mechanical products. Reliability is an important design index for the Meta-action unit. Traditional reliability evaluation method evaluates the Meta-action unit’s reliability through the fault data after it fails. It means that traditional reliability evaluation method cannot evaluate the Meta-action unit’s reliability during its running process and provide reference for the initial design or reliability condition monitoring. To solve the above problems, this paper evaluated the Meta-action unit’s reliability by using the running data on the basis of its all fault modes. In this paper, firstly, the mechanical system is decomposed by FMA decomposition method and the Meta-action units of the mechanical system is obtained. Then, reliability of the Meta-action unit is evaluated by combining its all fault modes and running data. The reliability evaluation method based on all fault modes can provides references for the initial design and reliability condition monitoring of the Meta-action unit.
关键元作用单元设计是降低机械产品设计难度的有效方法。可靠性是元操作单元设计的重要指标。传统的可靠性评估方法是通过元动作单元失效后的故障数据对元动作单元的可靠性进行评估。这意味着传统的可靠性评估方法无法对元动作单元运行过程中的可靠性进行评估,无法为初始设计或可靠性状态监测提供参考。针对上述问题,本文利用元动作单元各故障模式的运行数据,对元动作单元的可靠性进行了评估。本文首先采用FMA分解方法对机械系统进行分解,得到机械系统的元作用单元;然后,结合元动作单元的各种故障模式和运行数据,对元动作单元的可靠性进行评估。基于全故障模式的可靠性评估方法可为元动作单元的初始设计和可靠性状态监测提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamical Movement Primitives of Crossing over Obstacles for a Lower-Limb Prosthesis 下肢假体跨越障碍物的动态运动原语
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536102
Tao Zhang, Zhijun Li, Qinjian Li, Ying Feng
This paper proposes a trajectory generation of prosthesis to help amputee crossing over obstacles. Dynamical movement primitives (DMPs) are popular methods of reproducing trajectory for learning control. In the basic of DMPs, a novel term of obstacle is added to generate the trajectory in real-time. This term includes multiple point obstacle sources to reflect spatial size of obstacles. Each point obstacle is used to calculate direction relative to current position. Moreover, the direction vector and velocity vector are considered into term of obstacle. Besides, DMPs can generate effective trajectory through obstacle term parameter adjusting regardless of the obstacles in the front, middle or behind position in a step. Therefore, our method solves the inability crossing over obstacles under some scenarios and helps the prosthesis adapt to the various environment. Gaussian mixture regression is used to conjunction with DMPs for movement representation, which can reproduce new trajectory from multiple sets of original trajectories. Finally, simulations for DMPs were performed to demonstrate the flexibility of DMPs with obstacle term, which can generate desired trajectory of crossing over obstacles in various situations, indicating our method has a potential to facilitating prosthesis motion control.
提出了一种帮助截肢者跨越障碍物的假肢轨迹生成方法。动态运动原语(dmp)是一种流行的用于学习控制的轨迹再现方法。在dmp的基础上,增加了障碍物项,实时生成轨迹。该术语包括多个点障碍物源,以反映障碍物的空间大小。每个点障碍物被用来计算相对于当前位置的方向。此外,还考虑了方向矢量和速度矢量对障碍物的影响。此外,无论一步中前方、中间或后方障碍物的位置如何,dmp都可以通过障碍物项参数的调整产生有效的轨迹。因此,我们的方法解决了某些场景下无法跨越障碍物的问题,帮助假肢适应各种环境。将高斯混合回归与dmp相结合进行运动表示,可以从多组原始轨迹中再现新的轨迹。最后,通过仿真验证了具有障碍项的dmp的灵活性,可以在各种情况下生成期望的跨越障碍物的轨迹,表明我们的方法具有促进假肢运动控制的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Person Counting Based On Graph Relation Network Using UAV 基于图关系网络的无人机人员计数
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536114
Ting-Bo Chen, Wenlian Huang, Xiaonan Hu, Zun Liu, Jie Chen, Zhuangzhuang Chen, Jianqiang Li, Junxin Liu, Xiao-Fan Ye
Person counting at the construction site is of great significance to person scheduling and progress supervision. This work aims to develop a person counting framework, which is composed of three modules: person detection network, person re-identification module and person counting module. In order to solve the problem of repeated counting caused by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) taking multiple shots of the same person, we propose a Graph Similarity-based Person Counting Network (GSPCN), which can re-identify persons and avoid counting the same person multiple times. We tested the proposed framework both on simulation environment and real datasets (our data was collected from multiple construction sites in Shenzhen), It is empirically superior to the most advanced methods available.
施工现场人员统计对人员调度和进度监督具有重要意义。本工作旨在开发一个人员计数框架,该框架由三个模块组成:人员检测网络、人员再识别模块和人员计数模块。为了解决无人机对同一人进行多次拍摄造成的重复计数问题,提出了一种基于图相似度的人员计数网络(GSPCN),该网络可以重新识别人员,避免对同一人进行多次计数。我们在模拟环境和真实数据集(我们的数据收集自深圳的多个建筑工地)上测试了所提出的框架,它在经验上优于现有的最先进的方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Planar Force Perception on Robotic Bipolar Forceps 机器人双极钳的平面力感知
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536085
Xiuheng Zhang, Heng Zhang, Zhen Li, Guibin Bian
In neurosurgery, bipolar forceps is used to coagulate and dissect brain tissues. As in robot-assisted neurosurgical scenario, force perception on bipolar forceps can quantify intraoperative contacting forces between tips of forceps and brain tissues. The quantified tool-tissue contacting force information can help quantify experts experience and ensure safety of robot-assisted surgery. It is challengeable to facilitate the forceps with forces sensing ability because of the limited space for installing sensors. The craniocerebral tissues, interstitial fluids and currents passing though polar of forceps also bring restrictions on force sensing methods. In this article, we propose a planar force perception method to collect force information on bipolar forceps tips in real-time by installing two Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors (FBGs) perpendicularly on each polar of bipolar forceps. FBGs are free from electromagnetic interference. The slim configuration and silicon materials of FBGs make it a suitable sensing method for little disturbance on working state of bipolar forceps. In experiments, axial forces and planar forces were monitored in real-time. It is possible to sense forces at a minimum of 0.01 N. The calibrating revolution on x, y axis is 0.01, 0.03 N, separately.
在神经外科中,双极钳用于凝固和解剖脑组织。在机器人辅助的神经外科场景中,双极钳的力感知可以量化术中钳尖与脑组织之间的接触力。量化的刀具-组织接触力信息有助于量化专家经验,确保机器人辅助手术的安全性。由于传感器安装空间的限制,使具有力感应能力的镊子易于使用是一项挑战。颅脑组织、间质液和通过钳极的电流也给力传感方法带来了限制。在本文中,我们提出了一种平面力感知方法,通过垂直安装两个光纤布拉格光栅传感器(fbg)在双极钳的两极上,实时收集双极钳尖端的力信息。fbg不受电磁干扰。由于FBGs结构纤细,且采用硅材料,因此对双极钳的工作状态干扰小,是一种合适的传感方法。实验中实时监测轴向力和平面力。它可以感应最小为0.01 N的力,在x, y轴上的校准转速分别为0.01,0.03 N。
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引用次数: 3
A Design Approach of 3D Optimal Mobile Sensor Array for Confidence-box based Tracking of a Magnetic Capsule 基于置信度盒的磁胶囊三维最优移动传感器阵列设计方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536121
Yangxin Xu, Keyu Li, Ziqi Zhao, M. Meng
Wireless capsule endoscopy is a painless tool for screening the entire gastrointestinal tract, and magnetic localization is a promising technology for tracking the capsule in the human intestine. In this paper, we propose a novel design approach of the optimal mobile sensor array for tracking the slowly moving capsule. A grid and combinatorial mathematics based method is presented to enumerate all feasible 3D layouts of the four-layer sensor array. The optimal layout with a valid localization range is selected from all layouts by localization accuracy evaluation. The valid localization range of the optimal layout is "confidence-box". Many simulation experiments on different trajectories with different noise levels show the feasibility of our proposed design approach and demonstrate the robustness and accuracy performance of the mobile sensor array based large-scale tracking. The moving capsule can be tracked with the accuracy of 1.9mm and 1.19° in position and orientation, respectively, and the valid localization depth reaches −12.88cm.
无线胶囊内窥镜是一种无痛的全胃肠道筛查工具,磁定位是一种很有前途的技术,可以跟踪人体肠道中的胶囊。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的最优移动传感器阵列的设计方法来跟踪缓慢移动的胶囊。提出了一种基于网格和组合数学的方法来枚举四层传感器阵列的所有可行的三维布局。通过定位精度评估,从所有布局中选择具有有效定位范围的最优布局。最优布局的有效定位范围为“confidence-box”。在不同噪声水平下不同轨迹的仿真实验表明了该方法的可行性,并验证了基于移动传感器阵列的大规模跟踪的鲁棒性和准确性。运动胶囊的位置和方向跟踪精度分别为1.9mm和1.19°,有效定位深度达到−12.88cm。
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid Obstacle-Surmounting Gait for Hexapod Wheel-Legged Robot in Special Terrain 特殊地形下六足轮腿机器人混合越障步态研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536128
Ruoxing Wang, Zhihua Chen, Kang Xu, Shou-kun Wang, Junzheng Wang, Bin Li
The stable operation with passing obstacles is the main challenge for wheel-legged robots in irregular terrains, especially in the gully terrain. An obstacle-surmounting method of wheel-legged hybrid gait based on perception system is proposed in this paper for gully terrain. Firstly, the system composition and communication mode of the wheel-legged robot are described. Secondly, the kinematics and dynamics models are established, and on this basis, the strategy of wheel-legged compound gait crossing gully landform is designed. Finally, the co-simulation based on MATLAB and V-REP is carried out. The simulation results show that the body of robot can maintain horizontal stability in the process of crossing gully terrain, which verifies the effectiveness of the obstacle-surmounting strategy.
在不规则地形,特别是沟壑地形中,如何稳定地通过障碍物是轮腿机器人面临的主要挑战。针对沟壑地形,提出了一种基于感知系统的轮腿混合步态越障方法。首先,介绍了轮腿机器人的系统组成和通信方式。其次,建立了机器人的运动学和动力学模型,在此基础上设计了轮腿复合步态穿越沟壑地貌的策略;最后,基于MATLAB和V-REP进行了联合仿真。仿真结果表明,机器人体在穿越沟壑地形过程中能够保持水平稳定性,验证了越障策略的有效性。
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引用次数: 7
Research on the Algorithm of Target Location in Aerial Images under a Large Inclination Angle 大倾角航拍图像中目标定位算法研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICARM52023.2021.9536160
Yu Chen, Xinde Li, S. Ge
Target positioning of a large inclination angle in aerial images is challenging for camera distortion, which makes it difficult to obtain a positioning model. Oblique images produce a larger positioning error if a traditional positioning algorithm is directly used to locate the target. To address this problem, this study uses a BP neural network to automatically calculate the high-accuracy positioning of the target. The location algorithm not only does not require camera calibration in advance but also eliminates the impact of camera distortion on target positioning. Through positioning experiments on the collected aerial dataset, the results demonstrate that the average positioning error of the target is about 1m, which has a high-precision positioning result and algorithm robustness.
在航拍图像中,大倾角的目标定位由于相机畸变的存在,给定位模型的建立带来了困难。如果直接使用传统的定位算法对目标进行定位,斜向图像会产生较大的定位误差。为了解决这一问题,本研究使用BP神经网络自动计算目标的高精度定位。该定位算法不仅不需要事先对摄像机进行标定,而且消除了摄像机畸变对目标定位的影响。通过对采集的航空数据集进行定位实验,结果表明,目标的平均定位误差在1m左右,具有高精度的定位结果和算法的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2021 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM)
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