Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.3790/SCHM.2021.00.0000.KAX3WY
M. Nussbaum
{"title":"Identity, Equality, Freedom: McCloskey’s Crossing and the new Trans Scholarship","authors":"M. Nussbaum","doi":"10.3790/SCHM.2021.00.0000.KAX3WY","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/SCHM.2021.00.0000.KAX3WY","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73888845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.3790/schm.140.3-4.287
A. Klamer
A more comprehensive picture, or imaginary in Charles Taylor’s term, puts the spheres of market and organizations in a broader perspective. It calls for new concepts – like shared and common goods or practices – and the willingness to contribute. We see that culture, in the sense of sense-making practices, matters a great deal, just as Deirdre McCloskey and Virgil Storr, among others, argue. By focusing on values, we see that people valorize their values not just by way of markets, but more so by way of different, non-market spheres. The article reflects a value-based approach to economics and the economy. Picture yourself in a restaurant with a group of colleagues. What do you see? Do you see yourself and the others engaged in a conversation while enjoying the food and drinks? Or are you focused on the choices you and your colleagues make and the payment of the bill at the end? In the conversation of economists the choices and the payment seem all that matter. Economic talk is about transactions in market settings. Economists make you see choosing the restaurant, choosing some items of the menu and paying for them. In economic talk that is called “consumption.” You and your colleagues are the buyers. Those who run the restaurant are the suppliers. The price is presumed to be the critical variable influencing your decision to buy and the decision of the restaurant to supply. Behind the supply curve the restaurant people are pictured to produce the meal in a more or less productive and cost-effective way. The point is the income they earn thanks to your payments, after deduction of the costs. That is what economists call added value. It makes you realize that your consumption is good for the income of others who can use that to consume in their turn. After all, “[c]onsumption is the sole end and purpose of production” as Adam Smith already noted in 1776 (Book iv, Chapter 8, 49). This is one perspective. Another perspective makes you focus on the purpose of your shared dinner at a restaurant. Then you may ask yourself: what is important for me and my colleagues? This questions calls for what you value. You most likely will mention the conversation, the socializing, the exchange of stories, anecdotes and ideas. Who knows, the conversation allows you to test some new ideas you have for your research. All that makes the conversation valuable apart from affirming the collegiality and friendship of you all. The food is a good excuse. True to academics, appreciation of its quality is implicit. And because the department picks up the bill, payment is not an issue. The earnings of the people of the restaurant, and their efforts, do not really matter, either. In this alternative perspective the visit to the restaurant is about realizing values.
{"title":"The Economy in Context: A Value-Based Approach","authors":"A. Klamer","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.3-4.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.3-4.287","url":null,"abstract":"A more comprehensive picture, or imaginary in Charles Taylor’s term, puts the spheres of market and organizations in a broader perspective. It calls for new concepts – like shared and common goods or practices – and the willingness to contribute. We see that culture, in the sense of sense-making practices, matters a great deal, just as Deirdre McCloskey and Virgil Storr, among others, argue. By focusing on values, we see that people valorize their values not just by way of markets, but more so by way of different, non-market spheres. The article reflects a value-based approach to economics and the economy.\u0000Picture yourself in a restaurant with a group of colleagues. What do you see? Do you see yourself and the others engaged in a conversation while enjoying the food and drinks? Or are you focused on the choices you and your colleagues make and the payment of the bill at the end?\u0000In the conversation of economists the choices and the payment seem all that matter. Economic talk is about transactions in market settings. Economists make you see choosing the restaurant, choosing some items of the menu and paying for them. In economic talk that is called “consumption.” You and your colleagues are the buyers. Those who run the restaurant are the suppliers. The price is presumed to be the critical variable influencing your decision to buy and the decision of the restaurant to supply. Behind the supply curve the restaurant people are pictured to produce the meal in a more or less productive and cost-effective way. The point is the income they earn thanks to your payments, after deduction of the costs. That is what economists call added value. It makes you realize that your consumption is good for the income of others who can use that to consume in their turn. After all, “[c]onsumption is the sole end and purpose of production” as Adam Smith already noted in 1776 (Book iv, Chapter 8, 49).\u0000This is one perspective. Another perspective makes you focus on the purpose of your shared dinner at a restaurant. Then you may ask yourself: what is important for me and my colleagues? This questions calls for what you value. You most likely will mention the conversation, the socializing, the exchange of stories, anecdotes and ideas. Who knows, the conversation allows you to test some new ideas you have for your research. All that makes the conversation valuable apart from affirming the collegiality and friendship of you all. The food is a good excuse. True to academics, appreciation of its quality is implicit. And because the department picks up the bill, payment is not an issue. The earnings of the people of the restaurant, and their efforts, do not really matter, either. In this alternative perspective the visit to the restaurant is about realizing values.","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87345805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Early Expression of Max Weber’s Thoughts on Germany’s “War Guilt”","authors":"P. Mentzel","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.2.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.2.129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73268219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Max Weber’s path to economic science was impacted to a large degree by political motives. The question emerges how the depiction, which has been maintained by historians of economics, of Weber as a methodologist – who demands objectivity and value freedom in scientific analysis – is compatible with the view of a young, politically-minded economist who, even from the university lectern, did not shy away from personal value judgments? The manuscripts first published recently in the context of the Max Weber-Gesamtausgabe on his lectures Praktische Nationalökonomie (1895 – 1899) reveal that Weber distinguished sharply between value judgments and scientific analysis – not in order to suppress the former, but in order to be clear about his ultimate goals and its consequences at all times and to elevate these to guide his thinking in practical questions of political economy.
{"title":"Max Weber as a Political Economist","authors":"Hauke Janssen","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.2.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.2.143","url":null,"abstract":"Max Weber’s path to economic science was impacted to a large degree by political motives. The question emerges how the depiction, which has been maintained by historians of economics, of Weber as a methodologist – who demands objectivity and value freedom in scientific analysis – is compatible with the view of a young, politically-minded economist who, even from the university lectern, did not shy away from personal value judgments? The manuscripts first published recently in the context of the Max Weber-Gesamtausgabe on his lectures Praktische Nationalökonomie (1895 – 1899) reveal that Weber distinguished sharply between value judgments and scientific analysis – not in order to suppress the former, but in order to be clear about his ultimate goals and its consequences at all times and to elevate these to guide his thinking in practical questions of political economy.","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83378354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Max Weber and “Practical Political Economy”","authors":"H. Nutzinger","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.2.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.2.223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90081218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Max Weber, the Austrians, and Me","authors":"Peter J. Boettke","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.2.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.2.123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76082257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents Max Weber as an economist and as a social scientist. Weber’s relations to economics, philosophy and sociology are discussed. Max Weber has more in common with economists than it might seem at first sight. His principle of value neutrality has become the foundation of the methodology of social sciences, including economics. The second point shared by Max Weber with standard economics is methodological individualism. The third point which a modern economist can learn from Max Weber is the concept of the ideal type.
{"title":"Max Weber as an Economist: Revisiting Max Weber’s Legacy 100 Years after His Passing","authors":"M. Loužek","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.2.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.2.205","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents Max Weber as an economist and as a social scientist. Weber’s relations to economics, philosophy and sociology are discussed. Max Weber has more in common with economists than it might seem at first sight. His principle of value neutrality has become the foundation of the methodology of social sciences, including economics. The second point shared by Max Weber with standard economics is methodological individualism. The third point which a modern economist can learn from Max Weber is the concept of the ideal type.","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75743027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Theme of “War Guilt”","authors":"M. Weber","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.2.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.2.135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85976639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to uncover Max Weber as a direct and indirect influence on Alexander Rüstow and Wilhelm Röpke and the emergence of ordoliberal socio-economic thought in the 1930s and 40s. Weber contributed to the German Kulturkritik of the early 20th century that shaped the academic and socio-political climate in which the ordoliberals formed their own ideas. Weber also identified key societal issues to which the ordoliberals found concrete solutions, specifically their “Third Way” between laissez-faire capitalism and central planning as well as Vitalpolitik. This study finds that despite Weber’s relative neglect in epistemological studies of economics, his insights were incorporated into ordoliberal thought and beyond.
{"title":"Max Weber and Ordoliberalism: How Weber’s Kulturkritik Contributed to the Foundation of Ordoliberal Socio-Economic Thought","authors":"Isabel Oakes","doi":"10.3790/schm.140.2.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.140.2.177","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to uncover Max Weber as a direct and indirect influence on Alexander Rüstow and Wilhelm Röpke and the emergence of ordoliberal socio-economic thought in the 1930s and 40s. Weber contributed to the German Kulturkritik of the early 20th century that shaped the academic and socio-political climate in which the ordoliberals formed their own ideas. Weber also identified key societal issues to which the ordoliberals found concrete solutions, specifically their “Third Way” between laissez-faire capitalism and central planning as well as Vitalpolitik. This study finds that despite Weber’s relative neglect in epistemological studies of economics, his insights were incorporated into ordoliberal thought and beyond.","PeriodicalId":36775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Economics-Schmollers Jahrbuch","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76488734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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