Tatiane Braga da Silva, Johann Aly, Marcelo Figueira, Calleb Mendonça da Gama Araújo, Isadora Karolina Freitas de Sousa, Alexandre Alberto Tonin, Leíse Gomes Fernandes, Rejane Dos Santos Sousa
This study comprises a retrospective analysis of snakebites in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017. Data were collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (NDIS). 17,056 snakebites were recorded in Amazonas between 2007 and 2017. During the study period, the Rio Negro and Tefé micro-regions had the highest accumulated incidence, while small municipalities such as São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Uarini and Alvarães presenting a high incidence rate during the same period. Snakes in the genera Bothrops and Lachesis caused 69.5% and 20.3% snakebites. Snakebites occurred more frequently in the Amazonian winter, between January and April, and most of the snakebite victims (78.6%) were men. The most affected individuals were between 20 and 39 years of age (59.4%). The time elapsed between snakebites and medical assistance varied from one to six hours (51.4%). 7,705 of the snakebite cases, were classified as moderate, 7,328 as mild, and 1,299 as severe. Of the 104 deaths that occurred in the period, Bothrops genus caused the highest mortality (68.3%). The State of Amazonas recorded both high numbers of snakebites in the period 2007-2017 and the time elapsed between snakebite and medical assistance, which may affect the clinical status of patients. KEY WORDS: Bothrops; Lachesis; Amazon; snakes; viperidae
{"title":"Epidemiological aspects of snakebites in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017","authors":"Tatiane Braga da Silva, Johann Aly, Marcelo Figueira, Calleb Mendonça da Gama Araújo, Isadora Karolina Freitas de Sousa, Alexandre Alberto Tonin, Leíse Gomes Fernandes, Rejane Dos Santos Sousa","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v50i4.67841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i4.67841","url":null,"abstract":"This study comprises a retrospective analysis of snakebites in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017. Data were collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (NDIS). 17,056 snakebites were recorded in Amazonas between 2007 and 2017. During the study period, the Rio Negro and Tefé micro-regions had the highest accumulated incidence, while small municipalities such as São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Uarini and Alvarães presenting a high incidence rate during the same period. Snakes in the genera Bothrops and Lachesis caused 69.5% and 20.3% snakebites. Snakebites occurred more frequently in the Amazonian winter, between January and April, and most of the snakebite victims (78.6%) were men. The most affected individuals were between 20 and 39 years of age (59.4%). The time elapsed between snakebites and medical assistance varied from one to six hours (51.4%). 7,705 of the snakebite cases, were classified as moderate, 7,328 as mild, and 1,299 as severe. Of the 104 deaths that occurred in the period, Bothrops genus caused the highest mortality (68.3%). The State of Amazonas recorded both high numbers of snakebites in the period 2007-2017 and the time elapsed between snakebite and medical assistance, which may affect the clinical status of patients.\u0000KEY WORDS: Bothrops; Lachesis; Amazon; snakes; viperidae","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87351351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maísa de Oliveira-Leandro, Vinícius Henrique Almeida Guimarães, Carolina Cassiano, J. C. Costa-Madeira, Anna Laura Piantino Marques, C. Motta, M. V. Silva, V. Rodrigues Jr, Wellington Francisco Rodrigues, Carlo José Freire Oliveira
This was a cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey aimed at assessing the perceptions and basic knowledge of COVID-19, a highly transmissible disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, in a sample population in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A questionnaire devised by the researchers and distributed through social media was applied between June 16, 2020 and August 21, 2020. The survey consisted of questions about the basic aspects of COVID-19, which included symptoms, risk groups, suspicion of infection, prevention, transmission, and perception regarding social isolation. The average distribution, frequencies, similarities and differences between the responses for the different variables were evaluated. Five hundred twenty valid responses were obtained from participants aged ≥18 years. Most of the respondents showed satisfactory basic knowledge of COVID-19. Moreover, the data showed that the participants scored an average of 87.6%. Sex, age, and socioeconomic vulnerability presented a statistically significant link with knowledge of the disease; women, young participants, and the least socioeconomically vulnerable had the highest scores. This study indicated that the population in the Triângulo Mineiro region able to access social networking platforms were basically well informed regarding COVID-19, although differences were observed depending on the group analyzed. KEY WORDS: Coronavirus; knowledge; surveys and questionnaires.
{"title":"Public perception of COVID-19 in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais state, Brazil: a cross-sectional survey","authors":"Maísa de Oliveira-Leandro, Vinícius Henrique Almeida Guimarães, Carolina Cassiano, J. C. Costa-Madeira, Anna Laura Piantino Marques, C. Motta, M. V. Silva, V. Rodrigues Jr, Wellington Francisco Rodrigues, Carlo José Freire Oliveira","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v50i3.69063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i3.69063","url":null,"abstract":"This was a cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey aimed at assessing the perceptions and basic knowledge of COVID-19, a highly transmissible disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, in a sample population in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A questionnaire devised by the researchers and distributed through social media was applied between June 16, 2020 and August 21, 2020. The survey consisted of questions about the basic aspects of COVID-19, which included symptoms, risk groups, suspicion of infection, prevention, transmission, and perception regarding social isolation. The average distribution, frequencies, similarities and differences between the responses for the different variables were evaluated. Five hundred twenty valid responses were obtained from participants aged ≥18 years. Most of the respondents showed satisfactory basic knowledge of COVID-19. Moreover, the data showed that the participants scored an average of 87.6%. Sex, age, and socioeconomic vulnerability presented a statistically significant link with knowledge of the disease; women, young participants, and the least socioeconomically vulnerable had the highest scores. This study indicated that the population in the Triângulo Mineiro region able to access social networking platforms were basically well informed regarding COVID-19, although differences were observed depending on the group analyzed.\u0000KEY WORDS: Coronavirus; knowledge; surveys and questionnaires.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86892126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Favero, Vanessa Arantes Pinto, Gabriela Santos Alencar, Amanda Knorst Bellon, Alexandra Lays Petry, Wagner Luiz Da Costa Freitas, Luis Antônio Mathias, Fagner Luiz Da Costa Freitas
This cross-sectional study evaluates the presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in cattle raised in Realeza, PR. There was a seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii of 87.5% and 67.9%, respectively in the properties assessed. The frequencies of T. gondii and N. caninum in the animals were 41.1% and 55.1%, respectively. The studied coccidia are widely distributed in dairy cows reared on family farms in the municipality of Realeza, PR. Sanitary control for reproductive diseases must be adopted to prevent miscarriages and the economic damage caused by the disease. Future studies should be performed to investigate how widespread these pathogens are in cattle herds in southwestern Parana. KEYWORDS: Toxoplasmosis; neosporosis; Neospora caninum; Toxoplasma gondii; serology, Bos taurus.
{"title":"Occurrence of IGG antibodies anti-TOXOPLASMA GONDII and NEOSPORA CANINUM in cattle raised in family agricultural properties in Realeza, Parana, Brazil","authors":"A. Favero, Vanessa Arantes Pinto, Gabriela Santos Alencar, Amanda Knorst Bellon, Alexandra Lays Petry, Wagner Luiz Da Costa Freitas, Luis Antônio Mathias, Fagner Luiz Da Costa Freitas","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v50i3.67534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i3.67534","url":null,"abstract":"This cross-sectional study evaluates the presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in cattle raised in Realeza, PR. There was a seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii of 87.5% and 67.9%, respectively in the properties assessed. The frequencies of T. gondii and N. caninum in the animals were 41.1% and 55.1%, respectively. The studied coccidia are widely distributed in dairy cows reared on family farms in the municipality of Realeza, PR. Sanitary control for reproductive diseases must be adopted to prevent miscarriages and the economic damage caused by the disease. Future studies should be performed to investigate how widespread these pathogens are in cattle herds in southwestern Parana.\u0000KEYWORDS: Toxoplasmosis; neosporosis; Neospora caninum; Toxoplasma gondii; serology, Bos taurus.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73789574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Clara Dantas de Souza, C. Rodrigues Paula, L. da Silva Ruiz, Paulo Francisco Ramos Margarido, Marcos Ereno Auler, Noely Paula Cristina Lorenzi, D. Moreira, Rennan Luiz Oliveira dos Santos, M. Tacla, E. Crosato, C. Domaneschi
This study characterized and related yeasts of the genus Candida isolated from vaginal mucous membranes of women with lesions caused by high-risk HPV for cervical cancer. Forty-two women treated at the Lower Genital Tract Pathology Clinic of the University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital of Clinics were examined, with 30 high-grade (G1) uterine lesions with a mean age of 36.5 years ± 11. 1 and 12 with low grade (G2) uterine lesions with a mean age of 34.7 years ± 15.5. Clinical conditions and laboratory data on HPV were collected from patients’ medical records; the socio-demographic data obtained from an appropriate questionnaire. For the study of association between the variables, Odds Ratio analysis was used from the STATA 13.1 program. Patients G1 had a higher prevalence for diabetes and the results indicated 27% prevalence of Candida spp. in vaginal mucosa, in G2 this was 33% in vaginal mucosa. Among the species found in vaginal mucosa of patients, Candida albicans was the most isolated with 88%, followed by C. tropicalis (8%) and C. glabrata (4%). The strains of C. albicans isolated from mucosa presented sensitivity to all antifungal agents tested, unlike the C. tropicalis strain isolated in G2 in vaginal mucosa, which presented a resistance profile to fluconazole. Thus, monitoring and supervision through clinical and laboratory testing of HPV patients is important, reinforcing the need for care, treatment and prevention of HPV-related infections and Candida spp. KEY WORDS: vaginal mucosa; uterine cervical neoplasms; human Papillomavirus; Candida spp. Antifungal sensitivity.
{"title":"Relation between CANDIDA species isolated from vaginal mucosa and lesions caused by high-risk human papillomavirus hpv for cervical cancer","authors":"Ana Clara Dantas de Souza, C. Rodrigues Paula, L. da Silva Ruiz, Paulo Francisco Ramos Margarido, Marcos Ereno Auler, Noely Paula Cristina Lorenzi, D. Moreira, Rennan Luiz Oliveira dos Santos, M. Tacla, E. Crosato, C. Domaneschi","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v50i3.66032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i3.66032","url":null,"abstract":"This study characterized and related yeasts of the genus Candida isolated from vaginal mucous membranes of women with lesions caused by high-risk HPV for cervical cancer. Forty-two women treated at the Lower Genital Tract Pathology Clinic of the University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital of Clinics were examined, with 30 high-grade (G1) uterine lesions with a mean age of 36.5 years ± 11. 1 and 12 with low grade (G2) uterine lesions with a mean age of 34.7 years ± 15.5. Clinical conditions and laboratory data on HPV were collected from patients’ medical records; the socio-demographic data obtained from an appropriate questionnaire. For the study of association between the variables, Odds Ratio analysis was used from the STATA 13.1 program. Patients G1 had a higher prevalence for diabetes and the results indicated 27% prevalence of Candida spp. in vaginal mucosa, in G2 this was 33% in vaginal mucosa. Among the species found in vaginal mucosa of patients, Candida albicans was the most isolated with 88%, followed by C. tropicalis (8%) and C. glabrata (4%). The strains of C. albicans isolated from mucosa presented sensitivity to all antifungal agents tested, unlike the C. tropicalis strain isolated in G2 in vaginal mucosa, which presented a resistance profile to fluconazole. Thus, monitoring and supervision through clinical and laboratory testing of HPV patients is important, reinforcing the need for care, treatment and prevention of HPV-related infections and Candida spp.\u0000KEY WORDS: vaginal mucosa; uterine cervical neoplasms; human Papillomavirus; Candida spp. Antifungal sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82692742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natália Gomes de Morais, Luiz Felipe Ferreira de Lima, Ingrid Dantas Sampaio Leite, Marília Mariotti de Santana, Rogerio Tanan Torres, Jaqueline Wang da Silva, Vanessa Souza Mendes, Erika Santos Nunes
In regions where sanitary conditions are poor, prophylactic administration of antiparasitic drugs is common and affects the prevalence of intestinal parasites, in spite of the environmental maintenance of their life cycle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of parasitic infections, patient lifestyles, health conditions and environmental sources of contamination. One hundred seventy two children and adolescents, 5 to 15 years of age of both sexes were analyzed. Data were obtained through epidemiological questionnaires, parasitological examinations using Paratest®, IgG testing for Entamoeba histolytica, and analysis of sources of contamination in living areas. The study detected a prevalence of 45.9% (79/172) parasitic infections, of which 62.0% (49/79) Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar complex; 46.8% (37/79) Entamoeba coli; 27.8% (22/79) Giardia intestinalis; 12.7% (10/79) Endolimax nana; 10.1% (8/79) Hymenolepis nana; 8.9% (7/79) Ascaris lumbricoides and 2.5% (2/79) Trichuris trichiura. Out of the 49 samples positive for Entamoeba histolytica complex, there was only one case of antibodies to E. histolytica. The children’s life habits demonstrated inadequate food hygiene practices. These insufficient sanitary parameters revealed a general lack of information in face of an alarming situation regarding sewage and other sources of environmental contamination in 20% of the areas. The high prevalence of protozoan infections despite chemoprophylaxis, with environmental sources of contamination/risk, inadequate health conditions and the general apathy of the population suggest the ineffectiveness of current preventive practices. Thus, it is advisable that control actions include protozoa as therapeutic targets and, above all, health education as a routine practice to prevent the long-term continuance of this vicious cycle. KEY WORDS: Parasitic infections; chemoprophylaxis; environmental sources.
{"title":"High prevalence of protozoan infections: a permanent cycle in a brazilian semi-arid peripheric area","authors":"Natália Gomes de Morais, Luiz Felipe Ferreira de Lima, Ingrid Dantas Sampaio Leite, Marília Mariotti de Santana, Rogerio Tanan Torres, Jaqueline Wang da Silva, Vanessa Souza Mendes, Erika Santos Nunes","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v50i3.68335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i3.68335","url":null,"abstract":"In regions where sanitary conditions are poor, prophylactic administration of antiparasitic drugs is common and affects the prevalence of intestinal parasites, in spite of the environmental maintenance of their life cycle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of parasitic infections, patient lifestyles, health conditions and environmental sources of contamination. One hundred seventy two children and adolescents, 5 to 15 years of age of both sexes were analyzed. Data were obtained through epidemiological questionnaires, parasitological examinations using Paratest®, IgG testing for Entamoeba histolytica, and analysis of sources of contamination in living areas. The study detected a prevalence of 45.9% (79/172) parasitic infections, of which 62.0% (49/79) Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar complex; 46.8% (37/79) Entamoeba coli; 27.8% (22/79) Giardia intestinalis; 12.7% (10/79) Endolimax nana; 10.1% (8/79) Hymenolepis nana; 8.9% (7/79) Ascaris lumbricoides and 2.5% (2/79) Trichuris trichiura. Out of the 49 samples positive for Entamoeba histolytica complex, there was only one case of antibodies to E. histolytica. The children’s life habits demonstrated inadequate food hygiene practices. These insufficient sanitary parameters revealed a general lack of information in face of an alarming situation regarding sewage and other sources of environmental contamination in 20% of the areas. The high prevalence of protozoan infections despite chemoprophylaxis, with environmental sources of contamination/risk, inadequate health conditions and the general apathy of the population suggest the ineffectiveness of current preventive practices. Thus, it is advisable that control actions include protozoa as therapeutic targets and, above all, health education as a routine practice to prevent the long-term continuance of this vicious cycle.\u0000KEY WORDS: Parasitic infections; chemoprophylaxis; environmental sources.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85438982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. T. Vieira de Souza, Maria de Lourdes Benamor Teixeira, Maria Isabel Fragoso da Silveira Gouvêa, Jacob R. Milnor, José Berilo de Lima Filho, Marcel De Souza Borges Quintana, Valéria Cavalcanti Rolla
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death amongst adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The lifetime risk of tuberculosis disease for a person with latent infection is estimated at 5-10% with most cases occurring within five years of initial infection. The World Health Organization recommends isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for latent tuberculosis treatment, amongst other strategies. The aim was to assess tuberculosis incidence, survival (free of tuberculosis) and associated factors in HIV-positive patients. IPT was offered to participants with a positive (≥5mm) tuberculin skin test. Participants were followed from February 2003-December 2016. Kaplan-Meier was used for survival analysis. Variables with p-value ≤ 0.2 in the univariate analysis entered into the multivariate Cox-Model, keeping those with p-value ≤ 0.05. The 95% confidence interval of incidence of tuberculosis was estimated using Poisson distribution. One hundred nineteen patients completed the IPT and were followed for a median duration of 110.7 months (IQR 93.1-121.0). The probability of developing tuberculosis (10 years post-IPT) was 5.4%. Tuberculosis incidence was 0.58/100 patient/years (CI 95% 0.213-1.264). IPT over 6 months provided long-term protection against tuberculosis. AIDS-defining illness was the only statistically significant variable (HR=5.67) in the multivariate model.KEY WORDS: Latent tuberculosis; HIV; isoniazid; survival analysis.
{"title":"Tuberculosis incidence in patients with human immunodeficiency virus, treated with isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection","authors":"C. T. Vieira de Souza, Maria de Lourdes Benamor Teixeira, Maria Isabel Fragoso da Silveira Gouvêa, Jacob R. Milnor, José Berilo de Lima Filho, Marcel De Souza Borges Quintana, Valéria Cavalcanti Rolla","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v50i3.68574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i3.68574","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death amongst adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The lifetime risk of tuberculosis disease for a person with latent infection is estimated at 5-10% with most cases occurring within five years of initial infection. The World Health Organization recommends isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for latent tuberculosis treatment, amongst other strategies. The aim was to assess tuberculosis incidence, survival (free of tuberculosis) and associated factors in HIV-positive patients. IPT was offered to participants with a positive (≥5mm) tuberculin skin test. Participants were followed from February 2003-December 2016. Kaplan-Meier was used for survival analysis. Variables with p-value ≤ 0.2 in the univariate analysis entered into the multivariate Cox-Model, keeping those with p-value ≤ 0.05. The 95% confidence interval of incidence of tuberculosis was estimated using Poisson distribution. One hundred nineteen patients completed the IPT and were followed for a median duration of 110.7 months (IQR 93.1-121.0). The probability of developing tuberculosis (10 years post-IPT) was 5.4%. Tuberculosis incidence was 0.58/100 patient/years (CI 95% 0.213-1.264). IPT over 6 months provided long-term protection against tuberculosis. AIDS-defining illness was the only statistically significant variable (HR=5.67) in the multivariate model.KEY WORDS: Latent tuberculosis; HIV; isoniazid; survival analysis.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87591320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Teles dos Reis, Carla Fernanda do Carmo Silva, Raynara Fernanda Silva Soares, Diogo Tavares Cardoso, João Gustavo Mendes Rodrigues, Ranielly Araújo Nogueira, Guilherme Silva Miranda, N. Silva-Souza
Information on areas colonized by snails that transmit Schistosoma mansoni is essential for planning schistosomiasis control measures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to map the natural breeding sites of Biomphalaria spp. in the municipality of Peri Mirim, Maranhão, Brazil. The snails were manually collected and the breeding sites were geo-referenced (seven in the urban area and five in flooded fields), from November 2017 to March 2018. In the laboratory, the snails were examined for the presence of larval stages of S. mansoni identified by morphology and internal anatomy analysis. While no snails were found in the urban area, sixteen B. glabrata were collected in the flooded fields. No S. mansoni or other trematode infections were detected. Wild rodents, most likely Holochilus sciureus that could act as S. mansoni reservoirs, were also found in the flooded fields. These data indicate possible risk areas for further outbreaks of schistosomiasis transmission in the municipality of Peri Mirim.KEY WORDS: Baixada Maranhense; malacological survey; planorbidae; spatial analysis.
{"title":"A preliminary study on the distribution of breeding sites of BIOMPHALARIA GLABRATA in the municipality of peri mirim, a low endemicity area for schistosomiasis in northeast Brazil","authors":"Andrea Teles dos Reis, Carla Fernanda do Carmo Silva, Raynara Fernanda Silva Soares, Diogo Tavares Cardoso, João Gustavo Mendes Rodrigues, Ranielly Araújo Nogueira, Guilherme Silva Miranda, N. Silva-Souza","doi":"10.5216/RPT.V50I3.67413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/RPT.V50I3.67413","url":null,"abstract":"Information on areas colonized by snails that transmit Schistosoma mansoni is essential for planning schistosomiasis control measures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to map the natural breeding sites of Biomphalaria spp. in the municipality of Peri Mirim, Maranhão, Brazil. The snails were manually collected and the breeding sites were geo-referenced (seven in the urban area and five in flooded fields), from November 2017 to March 2018. In the laboratory, the snails were examined for the presence of larval stages of S. mansoni identified by morphology and internal anatomy analysis. While no snails were found in the urban area, sixteen B. glabrata were collected in the flooded fields. No S. mansoni or other trematode infections were detected. Wild rodents, most likely Holochilus sciureus that could act as S. mansoni reservoirs, were also found in the flooded fields. These data indicate possible risk areas for further outbreaks of schistosomiasis transmission in the municipality of Peri Mirim.KEY WORDS: Baixada Maranhense; malacological survey; planorbidae; spatial analysis.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81451657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daiane De Oliveira Cunha, Jacqueline Andreia Bernardes Leão Cordeiro, Hellen Da Silva Cintra de Paula, Fabio Silvestre Ataides, Cesar Sam Tiago Vilanova-Costa, Vera Aparecida Saddi, Antonio Marcio Teodoro Cordeiro Silva
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) increases dramatically when there is potential risk in many patient groups, in particular with hematological malignancies. The purpose of the study was to trace the epidemiological profile of patients who underwent galactomannan test by ELISA with suspected IA and to determine the factors that contribute to the development of the disease. We evaluated 264 patients who underwent galactomannan test with suspected IA from 2013 to 2015.The clinical-epidemiological characteristics were determined using descriptive statistics. The variables were evaluated using the chi-square test (χ2) and the G-test, with p-value considered significant below 0.05. According to the classification for IA by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, the disease was considered proven in 7.3%, defined by positive culture for the fungus, 6.4% as probable through detection of galactomannan and the presence of pulmonary infiltrates and 5.1% as possible by radiological alterations suggestive of IA and negative galactomannan test. The mortality rate was 31.6% of all patients and 61.3% for proven / probable / possible IA indicating that the disease was significantly associated with the risk of death. According to these result indications and considering the high mortality rate caused by the development of IA, as well as the fact that early therapy promotes significant improvement in the patients’ prognosis, we conclude that the detection of galactomannan may be considered an effective method to aid the identification of IA. KEY WORDS: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis; neutropenia; enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay; ELISA test searching for Aspergillus; galactomannan.
侵袭性曲霉病(IA)在许多患者群体中存在潜在风险时急剧增加，特别是血液系统恶性肿瘤。本研究的目的是追踪经半乳甘露聚糖酶联免疫吸附试验的疑似IA患者的流行病学资料，并确定导致该疾病发展的因素。我们评估了2013年至2015年接受半乳甘露聚糖试验疑似IA的264例患者。采用描述性统计确定临床流行病学特征。采用卡方检验(χ2)和g检验对变量进行评价，p值< 0.05为显著性。根据欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织(European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer)对IA的分类，有7.3%的人被认为确诊为该疾病，通过真菌培养呈阳性，6.4%的人通过半乳甘露聚糖检测和肺浸润的存在被认为可能患病，5.1%的人通过提示IA的放射改变和半乳甘露聚糖检测呈阴性。所有患者的死亡率为31.6%，确诊/可能/可能IA的死亡率为61.3%，表明该疾病与死亡风险显著相关。根据这些结果适应症，并考虑到IA的发展导致的高死亡率，以及早期治疗可显著改善患者预后，我们认为半乳甘露聚糖检测可被认为是辅助IA识别的有效方法。关键词:侵袭性肺曲霉病;嗜中性白血球减少症;类酶免疫吸附试验;ELISA法搜索曲霉;半乳甘露聚糖。
{"title":"Epidemiological evaluation of patients submitted to the galactomannan test with suspected invasive aspergillosis","authors":"Daiane De Oliveira Cunha, Jacqueline Andreia Bernardes Leão Cordeiro, Hellen Da Silva Cintra de Paula, Fabio Silvestre Ataides, Cesar Sam Tiago Vilanova-Costa, Vera Aparecida Saddi, Antonio Marcio Teodoro Cordeiro Silva","doi":"10.5216/RPT.V50I2.69589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/RPT.V50I2.69589","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive aspergillosis (IA) increases dramatically when there is potential risk in many patient groups, in particular with hematological malignancies. The purpose of the study was to trace the epidemiological profile of patients who underwent galactomannan test by ELISA with suspected IA and to determine the factors that contribute to the development of the disease. We evaluated 264 patients who underwent galactomannan test with suspected IA from 2013 to 2015.The clinical-epidemiological characteristics were determined using descriptive statistics. The variables were evaluated using the chi-square test (χ2) and the G-test, with p-value considered significant below 0.05. According to the classification for IA by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, the disease was considered proven in 7.3%, defined by positive culture for the fungus, 6.4% as probable through detection of galactomannan and the presence of pulmonary infiltrates and 5.1% as possible by radiological alterations suggestive of IA and negative galactomannan test. The mortality rate was 31.6% of all patients and 61.3% for proven / probable / possible IA indicating that the disease was significantly associated with the risk of death. According to these result indications and considering the high mortality rate caused by the development of IA, as well as the fact that early therapy promotes significant improvement in the patients’ prognosis, we conclude that the detection of galactomannan may be considered an effective method to aid the identification of IA. \u0000KEY WORDS: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis; neutropenia; enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay; ELISA test searching for Aspergillus; galactomannan.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73238639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui dan menganalisis Surat Keterangan Bebas Pajak Penghasilan (SKB PPh) menjadi syarat sah balik nama warisan pada sertipikat Hak Atas Tanah. (2) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implikasi yuridis pencantuman Surat keterangan Bebas Pajak Penghasilan (SKB PPh) sebagai salah satu syarat proses balik nama sertipikat Hak Atas Tanah karena Pewarisan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian hukum empiris dengan lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar mengenai permasalahan Pencantuman Syarat Surat Keterangan Bebas Pajak Penghasilan Dalam Proses Balik Nama Sertipikat Hak Atas Tanah Karena Pewarisan. Populasi dan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jenis dan sumber data yang diperoleh dari data primer dan data sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum menggunakan penelitian lapangan. Selanjutnya bahan hukum yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Kebijakan mencantumkan syarat SKB PPh yang diberlakukan oleh Kantor Pertanahan Polewali Mandar telah sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan. Mengingat Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan yang mengatur bahwa kepala/badan atau instansi harus berdasarkan kewenangannya dalam pelaksanaan kewenangan yang diberikan dan memperhatikan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan serta asas umum pemerintahan yang baik. (2) Pejabat yang berhak menyatakan batal atau tidak adalah pihak yudikatif dan eksekutif. Dalam batal demi hukum terdapat dua alternatif yakni akibat hukum atau sanksi berupa semua perbuatan yang dilakukan dianggap belum pernah ada sehingga segala sesuatunya harus dikembalikan seperti sedia kala atau alternatif kedua memakai batal nisbi yakni sebagian perbuatan dianggap sah dan sebagian lagi diputuskan batal.
{"title":"ANALISIS PENCANTUMAN SYARAT SURAT KETERANGAN BEBAS PAJAK PENGHASILAN DALAM PROSES BALIK NAMA SERTIPIKAT HAK ATAS TANAH KARENA PEWARISAN DI KANTOR PERTANAHAN KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR","authors":"rahmat hidayat munir","doi":"10.28946/RPT.V10I1.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28946/RPT.V10I1.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui dan menganalisis Surat Keterangan Bebas Pajak Penghasilan (SKB PPh) menjadi syarat sah balik nama warisan pada sertipikat Hak Atas Tanah. (2) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implikasi yuridis pencantuman Surat keterangan Bebas Pajak Penghasilan (SKB PPh) sebagai salah satu syarat proses balik nama sertipikat Hak Atas Tanah karena Pewarisan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian hukum empiris dengan lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar mengenai permasalahan Pencantuman Syarat Surat Keterangan Bebas Pajak Penghasilan Dalam Proses Balik Nama Sertipikat Hak Atas Tanah Karena Pewarisan. Populasi dan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jenis dan sumber data yang diperoleh dari data primer dan data sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum menggunakan penelitian lapangan. Selanjutnya bahan hukum yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Kebijakan mencantumkan syarat SKB PPh yang diberlakukan oleh Kantor Pertanahan Polewali Mandar telah sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan. Mengingat Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan yang mengatur bahwa kepala/badan atau instansi harus berdasarkan kewenangannya dalam pelaksanaan kewenangan yang diberikan dan memperhatikan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan serta asas umum pemerintahan yang baik. (2) Pejabat yang berhak menyatakan batal atau tidak adalah pihak yudikatif dan eksekutif. Dalam batal demi hukum terdapat dua alternatif yakni akibat hukum atau sanksi berupa semua perbuatan yang dilakukan dianggap belum pernah ada sehingga segala sesuatunya harus dikembalikan seperti sedia kala atau alternatif kedua memakai batal nisbi yakni sebagian perbuatan dianggap sah dan sebagian lagi diputuskan batal.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49289711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lincoln Lima Corrêa, Marcos Sidney Brito Oliveira, Jorge Guimarães da Costa Eiras, M. Tavares‐Dias, Edson Aparecido Adriano
This study aimed to characterize the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity of potential fish-borne zoonotic nematode larvae infecting the predator fish Hoplias aff. malabaricus from the Tapajós River, in the municipality of Santarém, in the Brazilian Amazon. After capture, the specimens of H. aff. malabaricus were analyzed for infection by Contracaecum sp. and Eustrongylides sp. third-stage larvae, and the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity were calculated. A literature search was carried out to clarify the relationship between these indicators and eventual human cases of infection in the Amazon region. Third-stage larvae of nematodes of the Contracaecum and Eustrongylides genera were found in the specimens of H. aff. malabaricus sampled from the Tapajós River. The prevalence of Contracaecum larvae was 100%, while its mean abundance and mean intensity were both 54.8 larvae/fish. The prevalence of Eustrongylides larvae was 62.9%, and its mean abundance and mean intensity were 1.8 and 2.8 larvae/fish, respectively. Despite the high prevalence and intensity values, there are no cases of human infection by these nematode larvae in the Brazilian Amazon reported. The absence of human infections by these nematode larvae in the Brazilian Amazon despite the high prevalence/intensity of Contracaecum and Eustrongylides larvae and the high consumption of fish in the region, is most probably due to the fact that the local populations do not eat raw or undercooked fish. However, it is noteworthy that the absence of zoonotic cases in the region is based only on the examination of the available published papers. A better knowledge of the situation would require surveying hospitals and clinics, and data from the region’s medical treatment facilities. However, the authors consider that cases of human infection, if any, are extremely rare, mainly due to the eating habits of the local population. KEY WORDS: Amazon basin; freshwater fish; public health; parasitic infection; zoonosis.
{"title":"High prevalence and intensity of fish nematodes with zoonotic potential in the Brazilian Amazon, including a brief reflection on the absence of human infections","authors":"Lincoln Lima Corrêa, Marcos Sidney Brito Oliveira, Jorge Guimarães da Costa Eiras, M. Tavares‐Dias, Edson Aparecido Adriano","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v50i2.67661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i2.67661","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to characterize the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity of potential fish-borne zoonotic nematode larvae infecting the predator fish Hoplias aff. malabaricus from the Tapajós River, in the municipality of Santarém, in the Brazilian Amazon. After capture, the specimens of H. aff. malabaricus were analyzed for infection by Contracaecum sp. and Eustrongylides sp. third-stage larvae, and the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity were calculated. A literature search was carried out to clarify the relationship between these indicators and eventual human cases of infection in the Amazon region. Third-stage larvae of nematodes of the Contracaecum and Eustrongylides genera were found in the specimens of H. aff. malabaricus sampled from the Tapajós River. The prevalence of Contracaecum larvae was 100%, while its mean abundance and mean intensity were both 54.8 larvae/fish. The prevalence of Eustrongylides larvae was 62.9%, and its mean abundance and mean intensity were 1.8 and 2.8 larvae/fish, respectively. Despite the high prevalence and intensity values, there are no cases of human infection by these nematode larvae in the Brazilian Amazon reported. The absence of human infections by these nematode larvae in the Brazilian Amazon despite the high prevalence/intensity of Contracaecum and Eustrongylides larvae and the high consumption of fish in the region, is most probably due to the fact that the local populations do not eat raw or undercooked fish. However, it is noteworthy that the absence of zoonotic cases in the region is based only on the examination of the available published papers. A better knowledge of the situation would require surveying hospitals and clinics, and data from the region’s medical treatment facilities. However, the authors consider that cases of human infection, if any, are extremely rare, mainly due to the eating habits of the local population.\u0000KEY WORDS: Amazon basin; freshwater fish; public health; parasitic infection; zoonosis.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88148296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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