Barbara Dadalto Fiorott, A. Falqueto, Ricardo Tristão Sá, L. Amaral de Moura
Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is considered a neglected tropical disease and it is endemic in Brazil. Among the wide morphological spectrum that composes TL, the disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (DL) stands out, which is characterized by multiple lesions in two or more non-contiguous body regions. This clinical form may be rarely associated with immunosuppression. The wide range of cutaneous manifestations is a remarkable DL feature, and its diagnosis may represent a challenge even for the specialists and experienced professionals. We report a case of an immunocompetent 55-year-old man, who has presented with polymorphic and disseminated skin lesions and he was treated incorrectly due to the absence of clinical suspicion of leishmaniasis. KEY WORDS: Leishmania; Leishmania braziliensis; leishmaniasis.
{"title":"Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis: lesional polymorphism and late diagnosis in an immunocompetent patient","authors":"Barbara Dadalto Fiorott, A. Falqueto, Ricardo Tristão Sá, L. Amaral de Moura","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i2.74941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i2.74941","url":null,"abstract":"Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is considered a neglected tropical disease and it is endemic in Brazil. Among the wide morphological spectrum that composes TL, the disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (DL) stands out, which is characterized by multiple lesions in two or more non-contiguous body regions. This clinical form may be rarely associated with immunosuppression. The wide range of cutaneous manifestations is a remarkable DL feature, and its diagnosis may represent a challenge even for the specialists and experienced professionals. We report a case of an immunocompetent 55-year-old man, who has presented with polymorphic and disseminated skin lesions and he was treated incorrectly due to the absence of clinical suspicion of leishmaniasis. \u0000KEY WORDS: Leishmania; Leishmania braziliensis; leishmaniasis.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90754740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antônio Lúcio Sobrinho Neto, L. E. De Oliveira Silva, Antônio Fernando Barros Pereira Júnior, Thiago José Matos Rocha
American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is an infectious disease transmitted by vectors and caused by several protozoa of the genus Leishmania. In Brazil, it is considered a serious public health problem due to its endemicity throughout the national territory. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution of cases of ATL infection in the municipalities from the State of Alagoas, Brazil, and to identify related social determinants during the period of 2007 to 2021. This is an ecological, retrospective, and quantitative study. We use descriptive and spatial statistics. Data about the disease and social conditions were obtained in the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian National Health System (DATASUS) and Atlas Brasil platform. During this period, 1,033 cases of leishmaniasis were recorded, of which 41% corresponded to the age group of 15-39 years old; men (67%) and black individuals (76%) were the most affected by the disease. The predominant clinical form was cutaneous (95%). The spatial correlations indicate a lack of dependence of the disease, both alone and when compared to the human development index. The findings highlight the need for further investigations to better understand the underlying factors contributing to the disproportionate distribution of the disease and its association with demographic characteristics. KEY WORDS: American tegumentary leishmaniasis; cutaneous leishmaniasis; environmental health; social conditions.
{"title":"Geospatial analysis of american tegumentary leishmaniasis in Alagoas, 2007-2021","authors":"Antônio Lúcio Sobrinho Neto, L. E. De Oliveira Silva, Antônio Fernando Barros Pereira Júnior, Thiago José Matos Rocha","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i2.76125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i2.76125","url":null,"abstract":"American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is an infectious disease transmitted by vectors and caused by several protozoa of the genus Leishmania. In Brazil, it is considered a serious public health problem due to its endemicity throughout the national territory. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution of cases of ATL infection in the municipalities from the State of Alagoas, Brazil, and to identify related social determinants during the period of 2007 to 2021. This is an ecological, retrospective, and quantitative study. We use descriptive and spatial statistics. Data about the disease and social conditions were obtained in the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian National Health System (DATASUS) and Atlas Brasil platform. During this period, 1,033 cases of leishmaniasis were recorded, of which 41% corresponded to the age group of 15-39 years old; men (67%) and black individuals (76%) were the most affected by the disease. The predominant clinical form was cutaneous (95%). The spatial correlations indicate a lack of dependence of the disease, both alone and when compared to the human development index. The findings highlight the need for further investigations to better understand the underlying factors contributing to the disproportionate distribution of the disease and its association with demographic characteristics. \u0000KEY WORDS: American tegumentary leishmaniasis; cutaneous leishmaniasis; environmental health; social conditions.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84543249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ariela Both de Souza, João Pedro Sampaio do Prado Dorea, Ana Beatriz Monteiro Fonseca, Flávia Terumi Nakashima, Laís Lisboa Corrêa, Alynne da Silva Barbosa, C. M. Antunes Uchôa
Pediculosis capitis is an ectoparasitosis that is present worldwide, with highest prevalence among schoolchildren. This parasitosis has been correlated with socioeconomic factors and individual aspects of the host, such as sex and hair characteristics. In Brazil, it has been estimated that this disease occurs in about 30% of school-age children. Based on this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pediculosis among schoolchildren in the city of Niterói, in the State of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), besides analyzing the relationship between positivity and the characteristics of the participating individuals. The study included 244 students from the first to the fifth grades of elementary school who underwent a scalp aspiration procedure in order to diagnose parasitosis cases. Information regarding sex, self-declared skin color, hair length and color, and curl type was collected from each participant. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of pediculosis was 19.7%, and it was more frequent in females, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). There were also statistically significant associations between positivity for infestation and the hair length (p < 0.001) and with the hair structure (p = 0.019). Being an afro-descendant, not being female and having dark hair, together, was a protective factor against pediculosis among schoolchildren. This study evidenced that the host’s sex and physical characteristics showed direct relationships with lice infestation, although it was not possible to put forward a robust model for determining the presence of pediculosis. These results point to the notion that this ectoparasitosis is a multifactor disease. KEY WORDS: Pediculus capitis; children; associated factors.
{"title":"Prevalence and the factors associated with pediculosis capitis in schoolchildren in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil","authors":"Ariela Both de Souza, João Pedro Sampaio do Prado Dorea, Ana Beatriz Monteiro Fonseca, Flávia Terumi Nakashima, Laís Lisboa Corrêa, Alynne da Silva Barbosa, C. M. Antunes Uchôa","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75095","url":null,"abstract":"Pediculosis capitis is an ectoparasitosis that is present worldwide, with highest prevalence among schoolchildren. This parasitosis has been correlated with socioeconomic factors and individual aspects of the host, such as sex and hair characteristics. In Brazil, it has been estimated that this disease occurs in about 30% of school-age children. Based on this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pediculosis among schoolchildren in the city of Niterói, in the State of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), besides analyzing the relationship between positivity and the characteristics of the participating individuals. The study included 244 students from the first to the fifth grades of elementary school who underwent a scalp aspiration procedure in order to diagnose parasitosis cases. Information regarding sex, self-declared skin color, hair length and color, and curl type was collected from each participant. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of pediculosis was 19.7%, and it was more frequent in females, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). There were also statistically significant associations between positivity for infestation and the hair length (p < 0.001) and with the hair structure (p = 0.019). Being an afro-descendant, not being female and having dark hair, together, was a protective factor against pediculosis among schoolchildren. This study evidenced that the host’s sex and physical characteristics showed direct relationships with lice infestation, although it was not possible to put forward a robust model for determining the presence of pediculosis. These results point to the notion that this ectoparasitosis is a multifactor disease. \u0000KEY WORDS: Pediculus capitis; children; associated factors.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77272212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pâmella Wander Rosa, Moara Alves Santa Bárbara Borges, João Víctor Soares Coriolano Coutinho, Ricardo Vieira Teles-Filho, Adriana Oliveira Guilarde
Syphilis remains a significant public health concern, and the central nervous system (CNS) involvement may occur at any stage of infection. Neurosyphilis must be ruled out in patients diagnosed with syphilis and exhibiting neurological or psychiatric symptoms, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination should be performed prior to treatment. A cohort of patients with neurosyphilis (aged ≥18 years old) was studied in a university hospital in the Central West Region of Brazil from 2018 to 2021. Twenty-four patients met the criteria for inclusion of confirmed neurosyphilis; 17 (70%) were male, with a median age of 37.5 (22–64). Six were asymptomatic, one had isolated otosyphilis, 11 had ocular syphilis, one had both ocular and otosyphilis, and five had other neurological symptoms. Thirteen patients (54%) were coinfected with HIV. Visual changes (50%) were the most common symptom; otosyphilis was present in 8.3%. Fourteen patients (58%) had positive VDRL in the CSF, and the median CSF-VDRL titer was 1:4. The cure rate was 87%, with three cases having persistent CSF-VDRL positivity after six months from the first treatment. It was concluded that understanding neurosyphilis, its clinical diversity, and its epidemiological and laboratory profile allows early diagnosis and treatment, consequently reducing its morbidity. KEY WORDS: Syphilis; neurosyphilis; otosyphilis; ocular syphilis; HIV.
{"title":"Neurosyphilis in patients at a university hospital in the central west region of Brazil","authors":"Pâmella Wander Rosa, Moara Alves Santa Bárbara Borges, João Víctor Soares Coriolano Coutinho, Ricardo Vieira Teles-Filho, Adriana Oliveira Guilarde","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75654","url":null,"abstract":"Syphilis remains a significant public health concern, and the central nervous system (CNS) involvement may occur at any stage of infection. Neurosyphilis must be ruled out in patients diagnosed with syphilis and exhibiting neurological or psychiatric symptoms, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination should be performed prior to treatment. A cohort of patients with neurosyphilis (aged ≥18 years old) was studied in a university hospital in the Central West Region of Brazil from 2018 to 2021. Twenty-four patients met the criteria for inclusion of confirmed neurosyphilis; 17 (70%) were male, with a median age of 37.5 (22–64). Six were asymptomatic, one had isolated otosyphilis, 11 had ocular syphilis, one had both ocular and otosyphilis, and five had other neurological symptoms. Thirteen patients (54%) were coinfected with HIV. Visual changes (50%) were the most common symptom; otosyphilis was present in 8.3%. Fourteen patients (58%) had positive VDRL in the CSF, and the median CSF-VDRL titer was 1:4. The cure rate was 87%, with three cases having persistent CSF-VDRL positivity after six months from the first treatment. It was concluded that understanding neurosyphilis, its clinical diversity, and its epidemiological and laboratory profile allows early diagnosis and treatment, consequently reducing its morbidity. \u0000KEY WORDS: Syphilis; neurosyphilis; otosyphilis; ocular syphilis; HIV.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73986061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João Víctor Soares Coriolano Coutinho, Taiguara Fraga Guimarães, Bruno Borges Valente, Lísia Gomes Martins de Moura Tomich
ABSTRACT Snakebites are of important public health concern as they can progress in severity and they may cause death, especially in populations with low socioeconomic status or in rural areas of tropical countries. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we evaluated the clinical-epidemiological profiles of patients admitted for snakebites envenoming at a Reference Hospital in Goiás State, Brazil, from January 2018 to November 2019 with criteria and definitions for venomous accidents notified by the Epidemiological Surveillance Center. Of 326 reported cases, 268 (82.2%) involved Bothrops, 56 (17.9%) involved Crotalus, and 1 (0.3%) involved an elapid. The remaining case (0.3%) was caused by an unidentified snake, as the clinical signs were suggestive of both Bothrops and Crotalus envenomation and the patient received bivalent antivenom serum. Most snakebites occurred in men (n= 252, 77%) and in individuals from rural areas (n= 215, 65.9%). Pain occurred in 315 (96.9%) patients and edema in 274 (84.3%), being more common in the bothropic accidents. In the crotalic accidents, pain occurred in 50 (89.3%) patients and edema in 24 (44.9%). The snakebite severity was considered mild in 107 (32.8%), moderate in 129 (39.8%), and severe in 90 (27.6%) patients. Acute renal injury was the most common systemic complication, occurring in 64 patients (19.9%), while secondary infection was the most important local complication, occurring in 155 (47.5%) patients. Most cases were classified as moderate or severe, probably because our tertiary level hospital service handles with more complex cases. Additionally, a significant number of crotalic accidents had a local presentation, indicating that the venom of snakes in the region has a particular composition. KEY WORDS: Ophidian envenomation; Crotalus; Bothrops; secondary infection.
{"title":"Evaluation of the snakebite severity in the brazilian midwest","authors":"João Víctor Soares Coriolano Coutinho, Taiguara Fraga Guimarães, Bruno Borges Valente, Lísia Gomes Martins de Moura Tomich","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i2.74547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i2.74547","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Snakebites are of important public health concern as they can progress in severity and they may cause death, especially in populations with low socioeconomic status or in rural areas of tropical countries. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we evaluated the clinical-epidemiological profiles of patients admitted for snakebites envenoming at a Reference Hospital in Goiás State, Brazil, from January 2018 to November 2019 with criteria and definitions for venomous accidents notified by the Epidemiological Surveillance Center. Of 326 reported cases, 268 (82.2%) involved Bothrops, 56 (17.9%) involved Crotalus, and 1 (0.3%) involved an elapid. The remaining case (0.3%) was caused by an unidentified snake, as the clinical signs were suggestive of both Bothrops and Crotalus envenomation and the patient received bivalent antivenom serum. Most snakebites occurred in men (n= 252, 77%) and in individuals from rural areas (n= 215, 65.9%). Pain occurred in 315 (96.9%) patients and edema in 274 (84.3%), being more common in the bothropic accidents. In the crotalic accidents, pain occurred in 50 (89.3%) patients and edema in 24 (44.9%). The snakebite severity was considered mild in 107 (32.8%), moderate in 129 (39.8%), and severe in 90 (27.6%) patients. Acute renal injury was the most common systemic complication, occurring in 64 patients (19.9%), while secondary infection was the most important local complication, occurring in 155 (47.5%) patients. Most cases were classified as moderate or severe, probably because our tertiary level hospital service handles with more complex cases. Additionally, a significant number of crotalic accidents had a local presentation, indicating that the venom of snakes in the region has a particular composition. \u0000KEY WORDS: Ophidian envenomation; Crotalus; Bothrops; secondary infection.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74358699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Larissa Da Silva Oliveira, Rafael Neves Jesus, Pollyana Ferreira Dias, Laize Evelyn Magalhães de Brito Alvares, Ana Carolina Nepomuceno, Lívia Dourado Nóbrega Sakai, Marcelo Cecilio Daher, Osmar Nascimento Silva, Emerith Mayra Hungria Pinto
The pandemic caused by the Coronavirus 19 (Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) killed countless people in 2020 and it arrived in Brazil in mid-February from the same year. It spread quickly, through its facilitated form of transmission by droplets of saliva, coughing, sneezing and contaminated surfaces. Several studies have indicated that male people over 60 years of age with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and/ or chronic lung diseases had higher rates of progression to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and greater vulnerability to death. In this sense, this study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile from suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 in a hospital in the city of Anápolis, in the State of Goiás, Brazil, from March to December 2020. A total of 1,170 patients were included in this study, with 54.8% of the patients admitted with symptoms of COVID-19 were women (46.9%) aged between 30 and 59 years old. In addition, it was noted that 11.5% of these patients had some type of comorbidities. Furthermore, the data revealed that 82.2% of the laboratory-confirmed patients who died had comorbidities, most of them men (57%), and from the total of 68.5% had two or more comorbidities, with cardiovascular origin being the most frequent reaching 77.5% from the sample. Thus, it was concluded that the clinical-epidemiological profile of suspected and confirmed patients for COVID-19 in this research was characterized by the majority of female patients between 30 and 49 years of age, although most confirmed cases and deaths occurred in men older than 60 years of age. Most confirmed patients had two or more comorbidities, most of them of cardiovascular origin, followed by metabolic syndromes, lung diseases and others. KEY WORDS: COVID-19; epidemiology; comorbidity.
{"title":"Epidemiological profile of Covid-19 cases and deaths in a reference hospital in the state of Goiás, Brazil","authors":"Gabriela Larissa Da Silva Oliveira, Rafael Neves Jesus, Pollyana Ferreira Dias, Laize Evelyn Magalhães de Brito Alvares, Ana Carolina Nepomuceno, Lívia Dourado Nóbrega Sakai, Marcelo Cecilio Daher, Osmar Nascimento Silva, Emerith Mayra Hungria Pinto","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75128","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic caused by the Coronavirus 19 (Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) killed countless people in 2020 and it arrived in Brazil in mid-February from the same year. It spread quickly, through its facilitated form of transmission by droplets of saliva, coughing, sneezing and contaminated surfaces. Several studies have indicated that male people over 60 years of age with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and/ or chronic lung diseases had higher rates of progression to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and greater vulnerability to death. In this sense, this study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile from suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 in a hospital in the city of Anápolis, in the State of Goiás, Brazil, from March to December 2020. A total of 1,170 patients were included in this study, with 54.8% of the patients admitted with symptoms of COVID-19 were women (46.9%) aged between 30 and 59 years old. In addition, it was noted that 11.5% of these patients had some type of comorbidities. Furthermore, the data revealed that 82.2% of the laboratory-confirmed patients who died had comorbidities, most of them men (57%), and from the total of 68.5% had two or more comorbidities, with cardiovascular origin being the most frequent reaching 77.5% from the sample. Thus, it was concluded that the clinical-epidemiological profile of suspected and confirmed patients for COVID-19 in this research was characterized by the majority of female patients between 30 and 49 years of age, although most confirmed cases and deaths occurred in men older than 60 years of age. Most confirmed patients had two or more comorbidities, most of them of cardiovascular origin, followed by metabolic syndromes, lung diseases and others.\u0000KEY WORDS: COVID-19; epidemiology; comorbidity.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83396038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Paula Vargas Garcia, Vânia Cristina dos Santos, O. Santos Carvalho, Roberta Lima Caldeira, Cristiane Lafetá Furtado Mendonça
Schistosoma mansoni, which causes schistosomiasis mansoni, has humans as the primary definitive host and the mollusks Biomphalaria glabrata, B. straminea and B. tenagophila as intermediate hosts. The goal of this research was to undertake a malacological survey on watercourses in the city of Betim, using the data provided by the city´sHealth´s Department. The mollusks were collected from pre-selected sites, examined for the presence of cercariae and taxonomically-identified, by morphological and molecular techniques for species. 168 mollusks were collected in eight collection sites. The species found were B. glabrata, B. straminea and B. tenagophila. Four B. glabrata from one of the sites were positive for S. mansoni. These results and the presence of intermediate hosts throughout the region studied, even if not found to be infected, is of epidemiological importance and suggests that the health authorities from the city of Betim should implement disease control measures. KEY WORDS: public health; bioindicators; malacology; malacofauna; distribution ecology; vector expansion.
{"title":"Malacological survey of potentially contaminated waters at outbreaks of transmission of schistosomiasis mansoni in the city of Betim, Minas Gerais, Brazil","authors":"Ana Paula Vargas Garcia, Vânia Cristina dos Santos, O. Santos Carvalho, Roberta Lima Caldeira, Cristiane Lafetá Furtado Mendonça","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i2.75527","url":null,"abstract":"Schistosoma mansoni, which causes schistosomiasis mansoni, has humans as the primary definitive host and the mollusks Biomphalaria glabrata, B. straminea and B. tenagophila as intermediate hosts. The goal of this research was to undertake a malacological survey on watercourses in the city of Betim, using the data provided by the city´sHealth´s Department. The mollusks were collected from pre-selected sites, examined for the presence of cercariae and taxonomically-identified, by morphological and molecular techniques for species. 168 mollusks were collected in eight collection sites. The species found were B. glabrata, B. straminea and B. tenagophila. Four B. glabrata from one of the sites were positive for S. mansoni. These results and the presence of intermediate hosts throughout the region studied, even if not found to be infected, is of epidemiological importance and suggests that the health authorities from the city of Betim should implement disease control measures.\u0000KEY WORDS: public health; bioindicators; malacology; malacofauna; distribution ecology; vector expansion.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78815878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thais Aratak Marques Taia, Marcos Felipe Vilela Peres, Igor Mendes Moreira de Oliveira, Monatha Nayara Guimarães Teófilo, Natália Correia Stoko, Suzana Ferreira Alves, Graziela Torres Blanch, Sérgio Henrique Nascente Costa, L. Borges, Alessandra Marques Cardoso, Mirian Viera Teixeira, M. A. Pelli de Oliveira, Clayson Moura Gomes
The extract of Spondias mombin has constituents which may improve psychiatric disorders, in addition to having antiviral, antifungal, and antimicrobial activity. But despite having several benefits, it is necessary to assess whether the extract may interfere with cell metabolism so furthermore its microbicide potential can be explored. Fifteen Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups (control group; control with extract; hyperlipidemic diet; hyperlipidemic diet and extract). For 12 weeks, the animals were weighed and their blood glucose was assessed. Afterwards, they were euthanized, and the biological material was collected. The evaluation confirmed the efficacy of the extract of S. mombin against cell metabolism of rats, without negatively altering cell viability; the group of rats with an hyperlipidemic diet showed an increase in body weight; however, in the individual assessment of the organs, there were no significant changes. The glycemic index, liver parameters, lipids, and mineral ions did not show changes. Furthermore, the antimicrobial potential of S. mombin extract was observed against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Staphylococcus aureus BLACC. The results suggest that S. mombin extract did not interfere with cell viability, did not show cytotoxicity to cells that were exposed to it, nor did it interfere with the metabolism, organs, and biochemical indices of rats with a standard or hyperlipidemic diet. Considering such characteristics and the potential activities observed in this present study, additional evaluation should be conducted to further assess the role of S. mombin extract as a source of new alternative antimicrobial drug as well as its possible beneficial activity to the cardiovascular system. KEY WORDS: Spondias mombin; hyperlipidemic diet; antimicrobial inhibition; obesity; Staphylococcus aureus.
{"title":"Evaluation of the effects of SPONDIAS MOMBIN extract as an alternative antimicrobial drug","authors":"Thais Aratak Marques Taia, Marcos Felipe Vilela Peres, Igor Mendes Moreira de Oliveira, Monatha Nayara Guimarães Teófilo, Natália Correia Stoko, Suzana Ferreira Alves, Graziela Torres Blanch, Sérgio Henrique Nascente Costa, L. Borges, Alessandra Marques Cardoso, Mirian Viera Teixeira, M. A. Pelli de Oliveira, Clayson Moura Gomes","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i1.73022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i1.73022","url":null,"abstract":"The extract of Spondias mombin has constituents which may improve psychiatric disorders, in addition to having antiviral, antifungal, and antimicrobial activity. But despite having several benefits, it is necessary to assess whether the extract may interfere with cell metabolism so furthermore its microbicide potential can be explored. Fifteen Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups (control group; control with extract; hyperlipidemic diet; hyperlipidemic diet and extract). For 12 weeks, the animals were weighed and their blood glucose was assessed. Afterwards, they were euthanized, and the biological material was collected. The evaluation confirmed the efficacy of the extract of S. mombin against cell metabolism of rats, without negatively altering cell viability; the group of rats with an hyperlipidemic diet showed an increase in body weight; however, in the individual assessment of the organs, there were no significant changes. The glycemic index, liver parameters, lipids, and mineral ions did not show changes. Furthermore, the antimicrobial potential of S. mombin extract was observed against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Staphylococcus aureus BLACC. The results suggest that S. mombin extract did not interfere with cell viability, did not show cytotoxicity to cells that were exposed to it, nor did it interfere with the metabolism, organs, and biochemical indices of rats with a standard or hyperlipidemic diet. Considering such characteristics and the potential activities observed in this present study, additional evaluation should be conducted to further assess the role of S. mombin extract as a source of new alternative antimicrobial drug as well as its possible beneficial activity to the cardiovascular system. \u0000KEY WORDS: Spondias mombin; hyperlipidemic diet; antimicrobial inhibition; obesity; Staphylococcus aureus.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80750487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcela Girotto, Otávio Von Ameln Lovison, Thaís Dalzochio
The population’s living conditions, basic sanitation, hygiene, and poor socioeconomic status, are determining factors for diseases´ transmission, such as intestinal parasitic infections which constitute one of the main public health problems in Brazil. These diseases are considered endemic in several areas of the country, presenting a wide geographic distribution, varying according to environmental conditions and parasites´ species. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in individuals attending a clinical analysis laboratory in a municipality located in Southern of Brazil. A retrospective study was carried out through the analysis of 2,247 reports of parasitological stool examination from individuals who attended a clinical analysis laboratory located in Veranópolis, Rio Grande do Sul, from September 1st, 2018, to December 31st, 2020. Parasitic structures were found in stool samples from 181 (8.1%) individuals. The protozoans Endolimax nana and Entamoeba coli were the most prevalent parasites, being present in 58.0% and 29.8% of individuals, respectively. A higher prevalence of intestinal parasites was observed in women (52.5%), aged 21 to 60 years old (62.4%). Biparasitism or polyparasitism was present in 7.2% (13/181) of individuals and only 31.7% (713/2247) of samples collected three fecal samples for examination. The low prevalence of intestinal parasites found in the present study may be an indicator of improvements in sanitary, environmental, and health education conditions. KEY WORDS: Parasitic diseases; helminths; parasites; protozoans.
{"title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasites in a clinical analysis laboratory in southern Brazil: a retrospective study","authors":"Marcela Girotto, Otávio Von Ameln Lovison, Thaís Dalzochio","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i1.73347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i1.73347","url":null,"abstract":"The population’s living conditions, basic sanitation, hygiene, and poor socioeconomic status, are determining factors for diseases´ transmission, such as intestinal parasitic infections which constitute one of the main public health problems in Brazil. These diseases are considered endemic in several areas of the country, presenting a wide geographic distribution, varying according to environmental conditions and parasites´ species. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in individuals attending a clinical analysis laboratory in a municipality located in Southern of Brazil. A retrospective study was carried out through the analysis of 2,247 reports of parasitological stool examination from individuals who attended a clinical analysis laboratory located in Veranópolis, Rio Grande do Sul, from September 1st, 2018, to December 31st, 2020. Parasitic structures were found in stool samples from 181 (8.1%) individuals. The protozoans Endolimax nana and Entamoeba coli were the most prevalent parasites, being present in 58.0% and 29.8% of individuals, respectively. A higher prevalence of intestinal parasites was observed in women (52.5%), aged 21 to 60 years old (62.4%). Biparasitism or polyparasitism was present in 7.2% (13/181) of individuals and only 31.7% (713/2247) of samples collected three fecal samples for examination. The low prevalence of intestinal parasites found in the present study may be an indicator of improvements in sanitary, environmental, and health education conditions. \u0000KEY WORDS: Parasitic diseases; helminths; parasites; protozoans.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83180623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Maria Da Conceição Murilo, Francisco Patricio De Andrade Júnior, Laísa Vilar Cordeiro, Vanessa Santos de Arruda Barbosa
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania protozoa and transmitted by the bite of sand fly insects. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological aspects of VL in Rio Grande do Norte (RN), using variables inserted in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, for the period from 2013 to 2019. The chi-square test of independence was used with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. 635 cases of VL were reported in RN, with stability of new cases in the analyzed period. 60% of cases were autochthonous, 84 (50.2%) municipalities in RN had autochthonous cases, with 70 (18.2%) cases in Natal and 58 (15.1%) in Mossoró. The most affected age group was 20-59 year old (57.3%) followed by 0-9 year old (23.8%), 10-19 year old (10.4%) and 60 year old or older (8.5%). There was a positive association between the 0-9 and 10-19 ranges with females and 20-59 with males (p=0.0001). Among the 532 individuals, 54.5% had a low level of education, and these, as well as the illiterate, associated with males (p=0.001). 85.3% of 612 cases were in black/brown group and 77.1% of 632 in urban/periurban residents. 27.6% of 500 were co-infected with HIV, 77.5% in males and 89.8% in adults. 70.7% progressed to cure and 6.8% died from VL. The study shows that the control measures adopted within the scope of the National Program for the Control of Leishmaniasis should be reassessed since there has been no decrease in cases, even though it has had stability over the years in Natal and a tendency to growth in Mossoró, the most affected areas. KEY WORDS: Visceral leishmaniasis; Leishmania; epidemiology.
{"title":"Epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil","authors":"Beatriz Maria Da Conceição Murilo, Francisco Patricio De Andrade Júnior, Laísa Vilar Cordeiro, Vanessa Santos de Arruda Barbosa","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v52i1.74030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v52i1.74030","url":null,"abstract":"Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania protozoa and transmitted by the bite of sand fly insects. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological aspects of VL in Rio Grande do Norte (RN), using variables inserted in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, for the period from 2013 to 2019. The chi-square test of independence was used with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. 635 cases of VL were reported in RN, with stability of new cases in the analyzed period. 60% of cases were autochthonous, 84 (50.2%) municipalities in RN had autochthonous cases, with 70 (18.2%) cases in Natal and 58 (15.1%) in Mossoró. The most affected age group was 20-59 year old (57.3%) followed by 0-9 year old (23.8%), 10-19 year old (10.4%) and 60 year old or older (8.5%). There was a positive association between the 0-9 and 10-19 ranges with females and 20-59 with males (p=0.0001). Among the 532 individuals, 54.5% had a low level of education, and these, as well as the illiterate, associated with males (p=0.001). 85.3% of 612 cases were in black/brown group and 77.1% of 632 in urban/periurban residents. 27.6% of 500 were co-infected with HIV, 77.5% in males and 89.8% in adults. 70.7% progressed to cure and 6.8% died from VL. The study shows that the control measures adopted within the scope of the National Program for the Control of Leishmaniasis should be reassessed since there has been no decrease in cases, even though it has had stability over the years in Natal and a tendency to growth in Mossoró, the most affected areas. \u0000KEY WORDS: Visceral leishmaniasis; Leishmania; epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80973912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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