Pub Date : 2017-06-28DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.4
P. Coutts, C. Moriarty
This paper presents the results of a very detailed assessment of the accuracy and reliability of the archival records covering a period of 236 years, from 1678 to 1914, for members of the former Ne...
{"title":"Reconstitution of an Irish Quaker Meeting from Friend’s Records—A Critical Appraisal","authors":"P. Coutts, C. Moriarty","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a very detailed assessment of the accuracy and reliability of the archival records covering a period of 236 years, from 1678 to 1914, for members of the former Ne...","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"47-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43736794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-28DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.5
Y. Nakano
It is now recognised that the followers of Inazō Nitobe and Kanzō Uchimura played a highly important role in the development of post-war democratic education in Japan. In particular, Tamon Maeda is considered to have determined the direction of post-war education. This article briefly reviews the achievements of the followers of Nitobe and Uchimura and then focuses on Tamon Maeda and his philosophy on education. Like the other followers, Maeda firmly believed that the development of individuality and personality was necessary for the establishment of a democracy. Nevertheless, Maeda’s belief lacks the factor of ‘otherness’ that helps to achieve self-establishment. As a result, there is only the possibility of realising a self-sufficient self in an intimate relationship with the highest being. On this point there is a definite contradiction within Maeda’s idea of self-establishment.
{"title":"Nitobe’s and Uchimura’s Schools of Thought and Post-War Democratic Education: A Fault in Personality Development Education","authors":"Y. Nakano","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"It is now recognised that the followers of Inazō Nitobe and Kanzō Uchimura played a highly important role in the development of post-war democratic education in Japan. In particular, Tamon Maeda is considered to have determined the direction of post-war education. This article briefly reviews the achievements of the followers of Nitobe and Uchimura and then focuses on Tamon Maeda and his philosophy on education. Like the other followers, Maeda firmly believed that the development of individuality and personality was necessary for the establishment of a democracy. Nevertheless, Maeda’s belief lacks the factor of ‘otherness’ that helps to achieve self-establishment. As a result, there is only the possibility of realising a self-sufficient self in an intimate relationship with the highest being. On this point there is a definite contradiction within Maeda’s idea of self-establishment.","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"85-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41979011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-28DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.2
Robynne Rogers Healey
This essay surveys some of the changes in Quaker history over the past twenty years, specifically focussing on the conversations between the centres and margins within Quaker history and between Quaker and non-Quaker historical narratives. It points to spaces for greater inclusion of voices from the edges of Quaker history, whether geographic peripheries or subsidiary periods, and argues for even more dynamic exchanges between Quaker and mainstream histories, noting the contribution each makes to the other. The essay also explores the unique and important contribution of Quaker archivists to the work of Quaker historians.
{"title":"Speaking from the Centre or the Margins? Conversations between Quaker and non-Quaker Historical Narratives","authors":"Robynne Rogers Healey","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This essay surveys some of the changes in Quaker history over the past twenty years, specifically focussing on the conversations between the centres and margins within Quaker history and between Quaker and non-Quaker historical narratives. It points to spaces for greater inclusion of voices from the edges of Quaker history, whether geographic peripheries or subsidiary periods, and argues for even more dynamic exchanges between Quaker and mainstream histories, noting the contribution each makes to the other. The essay also explores the unique and important contribution of Quaker archivists to the work of Quaker historians.","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"3-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43162449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-28DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.6
Judith Roads
This article explores certain key Quaker terms used by George Fox and compares them with how other early Friends used them. It seeks to answer questions about the variety of lexical preference and usage within the Quaker movement and examines Fox’s possible leadership influence in this area. The selection of items under scrutiny is based on two glossaries published to help the general reader understand early modern English or the distinctive Quaker usage of that language. The quantitative analysis has been carried out by using simple tools and techniques available within the discipline of corpus linguistics. The 20 items are grouped into those words or phrases that Fox uses more often than other early Quakers, those words or phrases that other Quakers used more, and a few items that show similar frequency or usage but which reveal new insights because of the innovative approach to the research.
{"title":"Key Seventeenth-century Quaker Lexis","authors":"Judith Roads","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2017.22.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores certain key Quaker terms used by George Fox and compares them with how other early Friends used them. It seeks to answer questions about the variety of lexical preference and usage within the Quaker movement and examines Fox’s possible leadership influence in this area. The selection of items under scrutiny is based on two glossaries published to help the general reader understand early modern English or the distinctive Quaker usage of that language. The quantitative analysis has been carried out by using simple tools and techniques available within the discipline of corpus linguistics. The 20 items are grouped into those words or phrases that Fox uses more often than other early Quakers, those words or phrases that other Quakers used more, and a few items that show similar frequency or usage but which reveal new insights because of the innovative approach to the research.","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"99-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48848821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-16DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.8
I. May
{"title":"Hardly Quakerism?: Religious Identity and H. Larry Ingle’s Nixon’s First Cover-Up","authors":"I. May","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"257-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69942187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-16DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.4
Joanna C. Dales
John William Graham was the author of Conscription and Conscience (1922), the official history of the No-Conscription Fellowship. The commission to write it was based on his status as advocate and activist in the cause for peace, dating from well before the First World War, and continuing until his death in 1932. Yet he never committed himself to an absolute pacifism. This article attributes this stance mainly to his belief in social evolution: God was working within human beings to bring about universal peace, but this progress had to take place slowly and in stages. War had been necessary in the past to develop human character and political organisation, but now it was obsolescent. Quaker pacifism bore witness to an ideal of peace that was to be fulfilled hereafter. Quakers were to lead the way, but meanwhile the use of force could not be universally abjured. Relativism was built into the evolutionary outlook.
{"title":"John William Graham and the Evolution of Peace: A Quaker View of Conflict before and during the First World War","authors":"Joanna C. Dales","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"John William Graham was the author of Conscription and Conscience (1922), the official history of the No-Conscription Fellowship. The commission to write it was based on his status as advocate and activist in the cause for peace, dating from well before the First World War, and continuing until his death in 1932. Yet he never committed himself to an absolute pacifism. This article attributes this stance mainly to his belief in social evolution: God was working within human beings to bring about universal peace, but this progress had to take place slowly and in stages. War had been necessary in the past to develop human character and political organisation, but now it was obsolescent. Quaker pacifism bore witness to an ideal of peace that was to be fulfilled hereafter. Quakers were to lead the way, but meanwhile the use of force could not be universally abjured. Relativism was built into the evolutionary outlook.","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"169-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69942122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-16DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.5
O. Evans
The commemoration of the First World War has provided an opportunity for Friends to re-examine and re-evaluate their contribution during that conflict, with particular attention to their witness for peace and the challenges it faced. This article focuses on what happened amongst the small number of Quaker men in Wales, looking at both the enlisted and the conscientious objectors.
{"title":"Quakers in Wales and the First World War","authors":"O. Evans","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The commemoration of the First World War has provided an opportunity for Friends to re-examine and re-evaluate their contribution during that conflict, with particular attention to their witness for peace and the challenges it faced. This article focuses on what happened amongst the small number of Quaker men in Wales, looking at both the enlisted and the conscientious objectors.","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"193-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69942127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-16DOI: 10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.3
T. C. Kennedy
Two-thirds of young Quaker men did not enlist during the First World War, an illustration of a wartime division within the British Society of Friends between the call of civic duty and adherence to historic peace principles. Those who chose to remain at home actively protested against the war and subsequently against implementation in 1916 of compulsory military service. Other Quakers were unable to decide which way to turn. Early on in the war, alternatives were made available to young Quaker men, such as the Friends’ Ambulance Unit, but imprisoned Quaker absolutists became the saintly heroes of the wartime Society of Friends, following, as they did, in the steps of early Friends who suffered imprisonment for conscience’ sake.
{"title":"A Body Divided: British Quakers, Patriotism and War, 1899–1919","authors":"T. C. Kennedy","doi":"10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/QUAKER.2016.21.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Two-thirds of young Quaker men did not enlist during the First World War, an illustration of a wartime division within the British Society of Friends between the call of civic duty and adherence to historic peace principles. Those who chose to remain at home actively protested against the war and subsequently against implementation in 1916 of compulsory military service. Other Quakers were unable to decide which way to turn. Early on in the war, alternatives were made available to young Quaker men, such as the Friends’ Ambulance Unit, but imprisoned Quaker absolutists became the saintly heroes of the wartime Society of Friends, following, as they did, in the steps of early Friends who suffered imprisonment for conscience’ sake.","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"159-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69942083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.3828/quaker.2016.21.2.2
Brycchan Carey
Anthony Benezet (1713–84) is familiar to historians of slavery, abolition and Quakerism for his important role in disseminating Pennsylvanian Quaker antislavery to a wider and ecumenical audience. This article argues that an important reason for this success was Benezet’s considered deployment of a fashionable sentimental rhetoric, or rhetoric of sensibility, that allowed him to reach out to wide audiences and to engage them both through their reason and through their emotions. This strategy enhanced Benezet’s ability to encourage the Quaker discourse of antislavery, as it had developed over a century, to inform Atlantic discourses more widely. To support this argument, the article demonstrates that, in his time and for some time afterwards, Benezet was regarded by many as a man of feeling in terms familiar from contemporary sentimental literature. It concludes by closely reading a selection of passages from his antislavery writing to show that, while Benezet’s rhetoric was by no means purely sentimental,...
{"title":"2015 George Richardson Lecture","authors":"Brycchan Carey","doi":"10.3828/quaker.2016.21.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/quaker.2016.21.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Anthony Benezet (1713–84) is familiar to historians of slavery, abolition and Quakerism for his important role in disseminating Pennsylvanian Quaker antislavery to a wider and ecumenical audience. This article argues that an important reason for this success was Benezet’s considered deployment of a fashionable sentimental rhetoric, or rhetoric of sensibility, that allowed him to reach out to wide audiences and to engage them both through their reason and through their emotions. This strategy enhanced Benezet’s ability to encourage the Quaker discourse of antislavery, as it had developed over a century, to inform Atlantic discourses more widely. To support this argument, the article demonstrates that, in his time and for some time afterwards, Benezet was regarded by many as a man of feeling in terms familiar from contemporary sentimental literature. It concludes by closely reading a selection of passages from his antislavery writing to show that, while Benezet’s rhetoric was by no means purely sentimental,...","PeriodicalId":36790,"journal":{"name":"Quaker Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"141-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69942076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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