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The image of Christian churches in the Slovak and Czech media during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic 斯洛伐克和捷克媒体在第一波新冠肺炎大流行期间的基督教教堂形象
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2036622
Terézia Rončáková
Abstract The shock associated with the outbreak of the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic affected the lives of everyone—and religious communities were no exception. Closed churches, bans on public worship, cancelled events, rapid changes to pastoral modes—many of these stories, quite naturally, captured media interest. This study provides an analysis of the image of Christian churches (and in particular the Catholic Church, which is the largest and most influential) as presented in the media in Central Europe, more specifically, in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Through a content analysis based on the concepts of frames and topoi, the study focuses on how the media presented the activities of the churches and the relation between church and government authorities during the pandemic. Based on a sample of 491 media texts published over the period of five months (February–June 2020) in four mainstream secular print/online media, our conclusions point to a predominantly positive image of Christian churches in the media—with the churches being perceived as cooperative, creative, and responsible, pursuing the common good and offering a prophetic interpretation of a difficult situation. On the other hand, fanaticism, fundamentalism, and non-cooperation were presented by the Slovak and Czech media as phenomena more frequently happening in other countries.
新冠肺炎疫情第一波爆发带来的冲击影响到每个人的生活,宗教群体也不例外。关闭教堂,禁止公众礼拜,取消活动,迅速转变为牧区模式——这些故事中的许多,很自然地引起了媒体的兴趣。本研究分析了中欧,特别是斯洛伐克和捷克共和国媒体所呈现的基督教会(特别是最大和最有影响力的天主教会)的形象。通过基于框架和拓扑概念的内容分析,研究重点是媒体在大流行期间如何呈现教会的活动以及教会与政府当局之间的关系。基于四个主流世俗印刷/在线媒体在五个月内(2020年2月至6月)发表的491篇媒体文本的样本,我们的结论指向了媒体中基督教会的主要积极形象-教会被认为是合作,创造性和负责任的,追求共同利益,并对困难情况提供预言性的解释。另一方面,狂热主义、原教旨主义和不合作被斯洛伐克和捷克媒体描述为在其他国家更经常发生的现象。
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引用次数: 4
The pandemic: An epiphany of relations and opportunities for transcendence 大流行:关系的顿悟和超越的机会
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2043712
P. Donati
Abstract The pandemic has caused social relations to emerge as the leading players in our lives. This translation of a chapter from the book Dopo la pandemia. Rigenerare la società con le relazioni [After the pandemic: Regenerating society with relations] explores the differences between interpersonal relations and role relations, showing the insufficiency of Modernity’s understanding of the social fabric. It describes the acceleration of digitalization and its consequences on social relations, assessing the long-term challenges and showing that it is necessary to build up a new culture of relations that make for a good life.
摘要疫情使社会关系成为我们生活中的主要参与者。这是对《大混乱》一书中一章的翻译。Rigenerare la societàcon le relazioni[疫情后:用关系再生社会]探讨了人际关系和角色关系之间的差异,显示了现代性对社会结构理解的不足。它描述了数字化的加速及其对社会关系的影响,评估了长期挑战,并表明有必要建立一种有助于美好生活的新的关系文化。
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引用次数: 0
Walter Lippmann’s Public Opinion Revisited 沃尔特·李普曼的《民意重访》
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2042344
Norberto González Gaitano, E. López-Escobar, Manuel Martín Algarra
We have chosen Walter Lippmann’s Public Opinion for an extended book review – the only one to be published in this special issue on the impact of the coronavirus on religious social life – for two main reasons: it is considered a classic in communication studies, and, in our view, it provides us with a lens that gives us a longer perspective through which to view the confused and confusing situation in the public sphere resulting from the catastrophe that the Covid-19 pandemic has caused. The time is opportune to revisit this landmark book. It is not the first time that the book has lately been revisited in other communications journals. Petersen (2003, 258) wrote in Journalism defending Lippmann’s support for democracy, in spite of his strong criticism of the myth of a democracy ruled by the sovereignty of the informed citizen and his proposal of delegating to experts the task and challenge of collecting the relevant information about social life and giving it to the statesmen who really decide. Petersen rightly ends his review of Lippmann’s book with a keen question:
我们选择沃尔特·李普曼的舆论延长书评——唯一一个被发表在这个特殊问题的影响冠状病毒对宗教社会生活——两个主要原因:这被认为是一个典型的在通信的研究中,在我们看来,它为我们提供了一个镜头,让我们再通过它来透视视图的困惑和混乱局势产生的公共领域Covid-19大流行造成的灾难。现在是重新审视这本具有里程碑意义的书的时候了。这不是这本书最近第一次在其他通讯期刊上被重新审视。Petersen(2003, 258)在《新闻学》中为李普曼对民主的支持进行了辩护,尽管他强烈批评了由知情公民的主权统治的民主神话,并建议将收集社会生活相关信息的任务和挑战委托给专家,并将其交给真正做决定的政治家。彼得森恰如其分地以一个尖锐的问题结束了对李普曼这本书的评论:
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引用次数: 1
News coverage of the Church dealing with the pandemic: Spanish and Italian newspapers 教会处理大流行病的新闻报道:西班牙和意大利报纸
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2040373
María-José Pou-Amérigo
Abstract This paper focuses on media representation of the Catholic Church during the first months of the coronavirus pandemic in Italy and Spain. The purpose is to know when and how the Catholic Church starred in the news; how its actions were presented, and using which frames. The work analyses the coverage of the Church in Corriere della Sera and El País between January and May 2020 and connects the deductive process (news frames by Semetko and Valkenburg) with the inductive process (setting common places or topoi) in order to get a better understanding of the news-framing. Findings show that both newspapers gave prevalence to news about the charitable work of the Catholic Church during the pandemic instead of about conflict with the political authorities because of restrictive measures. When it comes to the relationship with civil institutions, a positive image of the Church was offered, one that portrayed her as ready to collaborate and apply the preventive measures recommended by the health authorities. The positive perception is more frequent than the negative one when there are dualities in the topoi that are found in the interpretation of the facts.
摘要本文主要关注意大利和西班牙新冠疫情最初几个月天主教会的媒体报道。目的是了解天主教会在何时以及如何登上新闻头条;它的动作是如何呈现的,以及使用了哪些框架。这项工作分析了2020年1月至5月《晚邮报》和《El País》对教会的报道,并将演绎过程(Semetko和Valkenburg的新闻框架)与归纳过程(设置公共场所或地形)联系起来,以更好地理解新闻框架。调查结果显示,两家报纸都报道了有关天主教会在疫情期间慈善工作的新闻,而不是由于限制措施而与政治当局发生冲突的新闻。在与民间机构的关系方面,人们对教会有着积极的印象,认为她愿意合作并实施卫生当局建议的预防措施。当在对事实的解释中发现拓扑结构中存在对偶性时,积极感知比消极感知更频繁。
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引用次数: 2
The Covid-19 catastrophe: A science communication mess? Covid-19灾难:科学传播混乱?
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2031236
Bienvenido León, I. López-Goñi, Ramón Salaverría
Abstract Following the declaration, in March 2020, of the Covid-19 pandemic, there was an escalation of disinformation, involving multiple actors and reaching global dimensions. In this article, we analyze the possible causes and characteristics of the spread of disinformation on this issue. Disinformation about science can be explained by the distance that separates scientific knowledge from common knowledge and the difficult relationship between science and the media. The pandemic has multiplied the number of scientific publications and has accelerated publication rates, which has contributed to the dissemination of provisional, erroneous, or totally false information. A process of politicization has also developed, which has led to misinformation. In addition, the need to confront this health crisis has led society to demand accurate information from science, despite the fact that in many cases there is only uncertainty. The experience of this pandemic highlights the importance of providing citizens with accessible and rigorous knowledge that creates confidence in science. To achieve this, it is necessary to have specialized professionals capable of providing rigorous information, not only on the results but also on the research processes.
摘要在2020年3月宣布新冠肺炎大流行之后,虚假信息升级,涉及多个行为者,并达到全球层面。在这篇文章中,我们分析了这一问题上虚假信息传播的可能原因和特点。关于科学的虚假信息可以用科学知识与常识之间的距离以及科学与媒体之间的困难关系来解释。新冠疫情使科学出版物的数量成倍增加,并加快了出版速度,这助长了临时、错误或完全虚假信息的传播。政治化进程也在发展,这导致了错误信息。此外,面对这场健康危机的需要导致社会要求科学提供准确的信息,尽管在许多情况下只有不确定性。这场疫情的经历突显了为公民提供可获取的、严谨的知识以建立对科学的信心的重要性。要做到这一点,就必须有专门的专业人员能够提供严格的信息,不仅是关于结果的信息,而且是关于研究过程的信息。
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引用次数: 5
Covid-19, communication and religion: Looking back at the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic Covid-19、传播与宗教:回顾第一波冠状病毒大流行
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2042345
Norberto González Gaitano
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引用次数: 0
La imagen de la Iglesia en la prensa Latinoamericana de referencia dominante durante la pandemia del Covid-19 在Covid-19大流行期间,教会的形象在拉丁美洲媒体中占主导地位
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2031237
Alfredo García Luarte
ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH The following article seeks to identify the image of the Catholic Church projected by the newspapers La Nación (Argentina), La Tercera (Chile), El Comercio (Peru), El Tiempo (Colombia), and Excélsior (Mexico) during the first ten months of the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to achieve this objective, a qualitative and quantitative analysis methodology was used in the selected journalistic texts where, based on the framing method and common places (topoi), we sought to establish the role played by the Church and religious organizations during the health crisis. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that it allows us to understand the way in which the press presented the actions of the Church during the coronavirus emergency, what were the emphases and the underlying arguments used by the media. This contributes to the analysis of the communicative processes of the Church in periods of crisis, processes that involve its authorities, the faithful and society as a whole.
本文旨在分析新冠疫情爆发前10个月,阿根廷《Nación》、智利《Tercera》、秘鲁《商报》、哥伦比亚《时代报》和墨西哥《excemlsior》等报纸对天主教会的影响。为了实现这一目标,在选定的新闻文本中使用了定性和定量分析方法,在框架方法和共同场所(topoi)的基础上,我们试图确定教会和宗教组织在健康危机期间发挥的作用。这项研究的相关性在于,它使我们能够理解媒体在冠状病毒紧急情况下呈现教会行动的方式,媒体使用的重点和基本论点是什么。这有助于分析教会在危机时期的沟通过程,涉及其当局,信徒和整个社会的过程。
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引用次数: 1
How technology influences information gathering and information spreading 技术如何影响信息的收集和传播
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2022.2032781
G. Iacovitti
Abstract Until a few decades ago, the world of information exchanges consisted mainly of interpersonal and mass communications. With the development of the global network, the Internet of Things, etc., new types of information flows have been established. Today they include the collection of huge amounts of data and their analysis with artificial intelligence techniques. Moreover, the global network is being populated by new communicating subjects equipped with artificial intelligence. These phenomena imply unprecedented problems for individuals and society, which postulate urgent regulatory interventions. In this scenario, the aim of this paper is to give a simplified but accurate idea of what is behind technological developments.
摘要直到几十年前,信息交流的世界主要是人际交流和大众传播。随着全球网络、物联网等的发展,新型的信息流已经建立起来。如今,它们包括大量数据的收集和人工智能技术的分析。此外,全球网络正被配备了人工智能的新通信主体所占据。这些现象给个人和社会带来了前所未有的问题,需要紧急的监管干预。在这种情况下,本文的目的是对技术发展背后的原因给出一个简化但准确的想法。
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引用次数: 1
Pop goes the Pope: religion and popular music in Italy 流行音乐成为教皇:意大利的宗教和流行音乐
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2021.1961593
Paolo Prato
Abstract Music has maintained a long relationship with cult since ancient times, contributing to its efficacy and strengthening a communitarian identity. The advent of Christianity marked a sensible change in the way music was used, pioneering the very idea of listening as absolute, later extended to Western art music. The spread of popular music in the twentieth century impacted on religion too and the Christian world was particularly affected from the Second Vatican Council on, both within liturgy and in secular activities. A strong impulse to legitimate and even welcome sounds and practices from pop and rock culture was given by John Paul II, in 1997 during a concert featuring the future Nobel Prize Winner Bob Dylan. The article explores this changing relationship from an interdisciplinary perspective, borrowing from history, musicology, anthropology, sociology, theology, and cultural studies, as suggested by the ‘media, religion and culture’ approach. The first part reviews the historical steps leading to contemporary soundscape with respect to religion. The second part focuses on three case-studies, each representing a distinct point of view: that of traditional music revived, centered on collectivity; that of auteur music, centered on the power of the word; that of crossover pop, aimed at offering an aesthetic experience.
摘要音乐自古以来就与邪教保持着长期的关系,有助于它的功效,并加强了社群主义身份。基督教的出现标志着音乐使用方式的合理改变,开创了将倾听视为绝对的想法,后来扩展到西方艺术音乐。二十世纪流行音乐的传播也影响了宗教,基督教世界尤其受到梵蒂冈第二次会议的影响,无论是在礼拜仪式还是在世俗活动中。1997年,约翰·保罗二世在一场由未来的诺贝尔奖得主鲍勃·迪伦参加的音乐会上,强烈地激发了人们对流行和摇滚文化中合法甚至受欢迎的声音和实践的渴望。本文从跨学科的角度探讨了这种不断变化的关系,借鉴了历史、音乐学、人类学、社会学、神学和文化研究的“媒体、宗教和文化”方法。第一部分从宗教的角度回顾了走向当代声景的历史步骤。第二部分着重于三个案例研究,每个案例都代表着一个不同的观点:传统音乐的复兴,以集体为中心;以词的力量为中心的导演音乐;跨界流行音乐,旨在提供一种美学体验。
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引用次数: 0
La formación en comunicación de los sacerdotes: fundamentación, análisis y propuesta. El caso de la Iglesia en España 牧师沟通的形成:基础、分析与建议。西班牙教会的案例
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/23753234.2021.1968768
Pablo Garzón García
ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH This article begins by explaining, based on the documents of the Magisterium of the Church, the ontological link between the ministerial priesthood and communication. It goes on to show the results of a survey carried out in Spanish seminaries on the current state of academic formation of seminarians in this area. The study highlights the contrast between the positive sensitivity towards the subject and the lack of implementation of concrete projects since very few seminaries currently have a course on communication. After suggesting the causes of this imbalance, some lines of action are proposed to correct the training deficiencies in this field. Although the central part of the article is based on the Spanish case, we believe that most of the reflections are universally applicable.
本文首先以教会训导的文件为基础,说明司铎职与沟通之间的本体论联系。它接着展示了在西班牙神学院进行的一项关于该地区神学院学生学术形成现状的调查结果。这项研究突出了对这个问题的积极敏感与缺乏具体项目的执行之间的对比,因为目前很少有神学院开设传播课程。在提出这种不平衡的原因后,提出了一些行动方针来纠正这一领域的培训不足。虽然文章的中心部分是基于西班牙的案例,但我们认为大多数反思是普遍适用的。
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引用次数: 0
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Church, Communication and Culture
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