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Forensic Science International: Synergy最新文献

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An Interdisciplinary Approach to DNA Analysis DNA 分析的跨学科方法
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100494
Rachel H. Oefelein, Ashley K. Korsakas, C. Servidio, A. Kartick, C. Sanabria
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引用次数: 0
Backlog Reduction with 3D Technology 利用 3D 技术减少积压
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100496
Logan Eickhoff
{"title":"Backlog Reduction with 3D Technology","authors":"Logan Eickhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589871X24000433/pdfft?md5=17553848004eecc6060f5058e73224a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2589871X24000433-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142147827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Breakfast Club 早餐俱乐部
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100536
Julie French
{"title":"The Breakfast Club","authors":"Julie French","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589871X24000834/pdfft?md5=451c28fa4c07917809fab6c96199f7d6&pid=1-s2.0-S2589871X24000834-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142147998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is it "Gig-lee-o" or "Gee-lee-o"? 是 "Gig-lee-o "还是 "Gee-lee-o"？
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100519
Amy Jenkins
{"title":"Is it \"Gig-lee-o\" or \"Gee-lee-o\"?","authors":"Amy Jenkins","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589871X24000664/pdfft?md5=c08ca751ba92017ad6c4429ca05f677e&pid=1-s2.0-S2589871X24000664-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Framework: How to get things done! 一个框架：如何完成工作！
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100489
Jason Bundy
{"title":"A Framework: How to get things done!","authors":"Jason Bundy","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589871X24000366/pdfft?md5=893148b3757afc0ad3fb4169f9ce9c9a&pid=1-s2.0-S2589871X24000366-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transparency and diversity to advance legal-scientific communication 以透明度和多样性促进法律科学交流
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100557
Jason M. Chin, Justice Belinda Baker
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引用次数: 0
The unassailable nature of ground truth in scientific research: Response to Asonov et al. 科学研究中基本事实的不可动摇性：对阿索诺夫等人的回应
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100556
Kyriakos N. Kotsoglou, Alex Biedermann
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引用次数: 0
Effects of prescreening for likelihood ratio approaches in the forensic identification of source problems 在法医鉴定源问题时对似然比方法进行预选的影响
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100560
Dylan Borchert , Semhar Michael , Andrew Simpson , Christopher P. Saunders , Larry Tang
Source prescreening is a methodology where forensic examiners select samples that are similar to given trace evidence to represent the background population. This background evidence helps assign a value of evidence using a likelihood ratio or Bayes factor. A potential benefit of prescreening is a mitigation of effects from subpopulation structures within the alternative source population by isolating the relevant subpopulation. This paper examines the impact of prescreening before assigning evidence value. Extensive simulations with synthetic and real data, including trace element and fingerprint score examples, were conducted. The findings indicate that when the subpopulation structure is known, prescreening can provide an accurate evidence value in cases of subpopulation structures. The study suggests that prescreening can be beneficial, but the prescreening method and level should be transparently reported alongside the evidence value.
来源预选是法医检验人员选择与给定痕迹证据相似的样本来代表背景人群的一种方法。这种背景证据有助于使用似然比或贝叶斯系数分配证据价值。预筛选的一个潜在好处是通过隔离相关亚群，减轻替代来源人群中亚群结构的影响。本文研究了在分配证据值之前进行预筛选的影响。使用合成数据和真实数据（包括微量元素和指纹评分示例）进行了大量模拟。研究结果表明，在已知子群结构的情况下，预筛选可以在子群结构的情况下提供准确的证据价值。研究表明，预筛选是有益的，但预筛选方法和水平应与证据值一起透明地报告。
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引用次数: 0
QHFSS DNA laboratory – ISO/IEC 17025 conformance and accreditation QHFSS DNA 实验室 - 符合 ISO/IEC 17025 标准并获得认证
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2023.100449
Sean Doyle

This paper reviews evidence placed before a Commission of Inquiry (CoI) established by the State of Queensland, Australia, to consider the quality and reliability of DNA evidence. It also assesses whether the criticism levied in that report, of ISO/IEC 17025 being insufficient to assure the quality and reliability of DNA evidence, is warranted. The main conclusion drawn is that properly applied and embraced as a means of continuous improvement, conformance with ISO/IEC 17025:2017 alone is sufficient to assure the quality and reliability of the scientific outputs from a forensic science laboratory.

Furthermore, it is clear from the observations and findings of the CoI and those recorded in this paper that the forensic science laboratory in question did not conform to ISO/IEC 17025:2017. Had it done so then the risk of the quality failures that led to the CoI would at least have been reduced and perhaps even avoided.

本文回顾了澳大利亚昆士兰州为调查DNA证据的质量和可靠性而成立的调查委员会（CoI）所收到的证据。报告批评 ISO/IEC 17025 不足以保证 DNA 证据的质量和可靠性，本文也对这一批评是否有理进行了评估。得出的主要结论是，作为一种持续改进的手段，只要正确应用和接受 ISO/IEC 17025:2017，就足以确保法医学实验室科学成果的质量和可靠性。此外，从共同调查委员会的观察和调查结果以及本文件的记录中可以清楚地看出，有关法医学实验室没有遵守 ISO/IEC 17025:2017。如果法医科学实验室符合 ISO/IEC 17025:2017，那么导致共同调查的质量故障风险至少可以降低，甚至可以避免。
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引用次数: 0
Forensic exploitation of patterned injuries: Promoting structured analysis as an early assessment for comparison process 模式化伤害的法医利用：促进结构化分析，将其作为比对过程的早期评估
Q1 Social Sciences
Forensic Science International: Synergy
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100469
Stella Fahrni , Olivier Delémont , Silke Grabherr

Practice at our Center shows that approach using 3D surface imaging for morphometric comparison of patterned injuries does not always lead to accurate conclusions.

We decided to evaluate whether a selection protocol focused on analysis phase could enable us to form an early assessment of the outcome of a comparison process, and then to select lesions likely to lead to a probative conclusion.

23 blunt objects were used to create 65 patterned injuries on an experimental model simulating human skin. A blinded analysis and a comparison were conducted on photographs and 3D models of the lesions. Statement of analysis phase was consistent with comparison results in most cases, enabling correct identification of the responsible object or at least keeping it as possibly responsible among 2 to 3 objects.

Our protocol has been demonstrated to improve ability to exploit patterned injuries from surface imaging, despite certain limiting factors.

本中心的实践表明，使用三维表面成像技术对模式化损伤进行形态对比的方法并不总能得出准确的结论。我们决定评估一种以分析阶段为重点的选择方案是否能让我们对对比过程的结果形成早期评估，然后选择可能导致证明性结论的病变。23 用钝器在模拟人体皮肤的实验模型上制作了 65 个花纹伤痕，对伤痕的照片和三维模型进行了盲法分析和比对。在大多数情况下，分析阶段的结果与对比结果一致，从而能够正确识别肇事物体，或至少在 2 到 3 个肇事物体中保留可能肇事的物体。
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引用次数: 0
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