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Validation of a multi-parameter algorithm for personalized contrast injection protocol in liver CT. 验证肝脏 CT 个性化造影剂注射方案的多参数算法。
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00492-8
Hugues G Brat, Benoit Dufour, Natalie Heracleous, Pauline Sastre, Cyril Thouly, Benoit Rizk, Federica Zanca

Background: In liver computed tomography (CT), tailoring the contrast injection to the patient's specific characteristics is relevant for optimal imaging and patient safety. We evaluated a novel algorithm engineered for personalized contrast injection to achieve reproducible liver enhancement centered on 50 HU.

Methods: From September 2020 to August 31, 2022, CT data from consecutive adult patients were prospectively collected at our multicenter premises. Inclusion criteria consisted of an abdominal CT referral for cancer staging or follow-up. For all examinations, a web interface incorporating data from the radiology information system (patient details and examination information) and radiographer-inputted data (patient fat-free mass, imaging center, kVp, contrast agent details, and imaging phase) were used. Calculated contrast volume and injection rate were manually entered into the CT console controlling the injector. Iopamidol 370 mgI/mL or Iohexol 350 mgI/mL were used, and kVp varied (80, 100, or 120) based on patient habitus.

Results: We enrolled 384 patients (mean age 61.2 years, range 21.1-94.5). The amount of administered iodine dose (gI) was not significantly different across contrast agents (p = 0.700), while a significant increase in iodine dose was observed with increasing kVp (p < 0.001) and in males versus females (p < 0.001), as expected. Despite the differences in administered iodine load, image quality was reproducible across patients with 72.1% of the examinations falling within the desirable range of 40-60 HU.

Conclusion: This study validated a novel algorithm for personalized contrast injection in adult abdominal CT, achieving consistent liver enhancement centered at 50 HU.

Relevance statement: In healthcare's ongoing shift towards personalized medicine, the algorithm offers excellent potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management, particularly for the detection and follow-up of liver malignancies.

Key points: The algorithm achieves reproducible liver enhancement, promising improved diagnostic accuracy and patient management in diverse clinical settings. The real-world study demonstrates this algorithm's adaptability to different variables ensuring high-quality liver imaging. A personalized algorithm optimizes liver CT, improving the visibility, conspicuity, and follow-up of liver lesions.

背景:在肝脏计算机断层扫描(CT)中,根据患者的具体特征进行造影剂注射对于优化成像和患者安全至关重要。我们评估了一种为实现以 50 HU 为中心的可重现肝脏增强而设计的个性化造影剂注射新算法:从 2020 年 9 月到 2022 年 8 月 31 日,我们在多中心大楼前瞻性地收集了连续成年患者的 CT 数据。纳入标准包括因癌症分期或随访而转诊的腹部 CT 患者。所有检查均使用网络界面,其中包含来自放射学信息系统的数据(患者详细信息和检查信息)和放射医师输入的数据(患者去脂质量、成像中心、kVp、造影剂详细信息和成像阶段)。计算出的造影剂量和注射速率被手动输入控制注射器的 CT 控制台。使用碘帕米多 370 毫克I/毫升或碘海醇 350 毫克I/毫升,kVp 根据患者的体型而变化(80、100 或 120):我们共招募了 384 名患者(平均年龄 61.2 岁,21.1-94.5 岁不等)。不同造影剂的碘剂量(gI)无明显差异(p = 0.700),而随着 kVp 的增加,碘剂量显著增加(p 结论:该研究验证了一种新型算法,可根据患者的不同体型,选择不同的造影剂(80、100 或 120):这项研究验证了成人腹部 CT 个性化造影剂注射的新算法,实现了以 50 HU 为中心的一致的肝脏增强:在医疗保健不断向个性化医疗转变的过程中,该算法为提高诊断准确性和患者管理,尤其是肝脏恶性肿瘤的检测和随访提供了巨大的潜力:该算法实现了可重复的肝脏增强,有望在不同的临床环境中提高诊断准确性和患者管理水平。真实世界研究证明了该算法对不同变量的适应性,确保了高质量的肝脏成像。个性化算法优化了肝脏 CT,提高了肝脏病变的可见性、明显性和随访性。
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引用次数: 0
Deep learning-based defacing tool for CT angiography: CTA-DEFACE. 基于深度学习的 CT 血管造影涂片工具:CTA-DEFACE
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00510-9
Mustafa Ahmed Mahmutoglu, Aditya Rastogi, Marianne Schell, Martha Foltyn-Dumitru, Michael Baumgartner, Klaus Hermann Maier-Hein, Katerina Deike-Hofmann, Alexander Radbruch, Martin Bendszus, Gianluca Brugnara, Philipp Vollmuth

The growing use of artificial neural network (ANN) tools for computed tomography angiography (CTA) data analysis underscores the necessity for elevated data protection measures. We aimed to establish an automated defacing pipeline for CTA data. In this retrospective study, CTA data from multi-institutional cohorts were utilized to annotate facemasks (n = 100) and train an ANN model, subsequently tested on an external institution's dataset (n = 50) and compared to a publicly available defacing algorithm. Face detection (MTCNN) and verification (FaceNet) networks were applied to measure the similarity between the original and defaced CTA images. Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), face detection probability, and face similarity measures were calculated to evaluate model performance. The CTA-DEFACE model effectively segmented soft face tissue in CTA data achieving a DSC of 0.94 ± 0.02 (mean ± standard deviation) on the test set. Our model was benchmarked against a publicly available defacing algorithm. After applying face detection and verification networks, our model showed substantially reduced face detection probability (p < 0.001) and similarity to the original CTA image (p < 0.001). The CTA-DEFACE model enabled robust and precise defacing of CTA data. The trained network is publicly accessible at www.github.com/neuroAI-HD/CTA-DEFACE . RELEVANCE STATEMENT: The ANN model CTA-DEFACE, developed for automatic defacing of CT angiography images, achieves significantly lower face detection probabilities and greater dissimilarity from the original images compared to a publicly available model. The algorithm has been externally validated and is publicly accessible. KEY POINTS: The developed ANN model (CTA-DEFACE) automatically generates facemasks for CT angiography images. CTA-DEFACE offers superior deidentification capabilities compared to a publicly available model. By means of graphics processing unit optimization, our model ensures rapid processing of medical images. Our model underwent external validation, underscoring its reliability for real-world application.

人工神经网络(ANN)工具在计算机断层扫描血管造影(CTA)数据分析中的应用日益广泛,这凸显了加强数据保护措施的必要性。我们的目标是为 CTA 数据建立一个自动去污管道。在这项回顾性研究中,我们利用来自多机构队列的 CTA 数据来注释面罩(n = 100)并训练一个 ANN 模型,随后在外部机构的数据集(n = 50)上进行测试,并与公开可用的去污算法进行比较。应用人脸检测(MTCNN)和验证(FaceNet)网络来测量原始和污损 CTA 图像之间的相似性。通过计算骰子相似系数(DSC)、人脸检测概率和人脸相似度量来评估模型性能。CTA-DEFACE 模型有效地分割了 CTA 数据中的软脸部组织,测试集上的 DSC 为 0.94 ± 0.02(平均值 ± 标准偏差)。我们的模型与公开的玷污算法进行了基准测试。在应用人脸检测和验证网络后,我们的模型大幅降低了人脸检测概率(p
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引用次数: 0
Segmentation-based quantitative measurements in renal CT imaging using deep learning. 利用深度学习在肾脏 CT 成像中进行基于分割的定量测量。
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00507-4
Konstantinos Koukoutegos, Richard 's Heeren, Liesbeth De Wever, Frederik De Keyzer, Frederik Maes, Hilde Bosmans

Background: Renal quantitative measurements are important descriptors for assessing kidney function. We developed a deep learning-based method for automated kidney measurements from computed tomography (CT) images.

Methods: The study datasets comprised potential kidney donors (n = 88), both contrast-enhanced (Dataset 1 CE) and noncontrast (Dataset 1 NC) CT scans, and test sets of contrast-enhanced cases (Test set 2, n = 18), cases from a photon-counting (PC)CT scanner reconstructed at 60 and 190 keV (Test set 3 PCCT, n = 15), and low-dose cases (Test set 4, n = 8), which were retrospectively analyzed to train, validate, and test two networks for kidney segmentation and subsequent measurements. Segmentation performance was evaluated using the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The quantitative measurements' effectiveness was compared to manual annotations using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results: The contrast-enhanced and noncontrast models demonstrated excellent reliability in renal segmentation with DSC of 0.95 (Test set 1 CE), 0.94 (Test set 2), 0.92 (Test set 3 PCCT) and 0.94 (Test set 1 NC), 0.92 (Test set 3 PCCT), and 0.93 (Test set 4). Volume estimation was accurate with mean volume errors of 4%, 3%, 6% mL (contrast test sets) and 4%, 5%, 7% mL (noncontrast test sets). Renal axes measurements (length, width, and thickness) had ICC values greater than 0.90 (p < 0.001) for all test sets, supported by narrow 95% confidence intervals.

Conclusion: Two deep learning networks were shown to derive quantitative measurements from contrast-enhanced and noncontrast renal CT imaging at the human performance level.

Relevance statement: Deep learning-based networks can automatically obtain renal clinical descriptors from both noncontrast and contrast-enhanced CT images. When healthy subjects comprise the training cohort, careful consideration is required during model adaptation, especially in scenarios involving unhealthy kidneys. This creates an opportunity for improved clinical decision-making without labor-intensive manual effort.

Key points: Trained 3D UNet models quantify renal measurements from contrast and noncontrast CT. The models performed interchangeably to the manual annotator and to each other. The models can provide expert-level, quantitative, accurate, and rapid renal measurements.

背景:肾脏定量测量是评估肾功能的重要描述指标。我们开发了一种基于深度学习的方法,用于从计算机断层扫描(CT)图像中自动测量肾脏:研究数据集包括潜在的肾脏捐献者(n = 88)、对比增强型(数据集 1 CE)和非对比增强型(数据集 1 NC)CT 扫描以及对比增强型病例测试集(测试集 2,n = 18)、测试集 3 PCCT,n = 15)和低剂量病例(测试集 4,n = 8),对这些病例进行回顾性分析,以训练、验证和测试用于肾脏分割和后续测量的两个网络。使用 Dice 相似性系数 (DSC) 评估分割性能。使用类内相关系数(ICC)比较了定量测量与人工标注的效果:结果:对比度增强和非对比度模型在肾脏分割方面表现出极佳的可靠性,DSC 分别为 0.95(测试集 1 CE)、0.94(测试集 2)、0.92(测试集 3 PCCT)和 0.94(测试集 1 NC)、0.92(测试集 3 PCCT)和 0.93(测试集 4)。体积估计准确,平均体积误差分别为 4%、3% 和 6% 毫升(对比度测试集)以及 4%、5% 和 7% 毫升(非对比度测试集)。肾轴测量(长度、宽度和厚度)的 ICC 值大于 0.90(p 结论:肾轴测量的 ICC 值大于 0.90:研究表明,两个深度学习网络能从对比度增强和非对比度肾脏 CT 成像中得出定量测量结果,达到了人类水平:基于深度学习的网络可以从非对比度和对比度增强 CT 图像中自动获取肾脏临床描述符。当健康受试者组成训练队列时,在模型适应过程中需要仔细考虑,尤其是在涉及不健康肾脏的情况下。这为改进临床决策提供了机会,而无需耗费大量人力:训练有素的三维 UNet 模型可量化造影剂和非造影剂 CT 的肾脏测量结果。这些模型可与手动注释器和其他模型互换。这些模型可提供专家级、定量、准确和快速的肾脏测量结果。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative brain T1 maps derived from T1-weighted MRI acquisitions: a proof-of-concept study. 从 T1 加权磁共振成像获取的定量脑 T1 图:概念验证研究。
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00517-2
Audrey Lavielle, Noël Pinaud, Bei Zhang, Yannick Crémillieux

Background: Longitudinal T1 relaxation time is a key imaging biomarker. In addition, T1 values are modulated by the administration of T1 contrast agents used in patients with tumors and metastases. However, in clinical practice, dedicated T1 mapping sequences are often not included in brain MRI protocols. The aim of this study is to address the absence of dedicated T1 mapping sequences in imaging protocol by deriving T1 maps from standard T1-weighted sequences.

Methods: A phantom, composed of 144 solutions of paramagnetic agents at different concentrations, was imaged with a three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighed turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequence designed for brain imaging. The relationship between the T1 values and the signal intensities was established using this phantom acquisition. T1 mapping derived from 3D T1-weighted TSE acquisitions in four healthy volunteers and one patient with brain metastases were established and compared to reference T1 mapping technique. The concentration of Gd-based contrast agents in brain metastases were assessed from the derived T1 maps.

Results: Based on the phantom acquisition, the relationship between T1 values and signal intensity (SI) was found equal to T1 = 0.35 × SI-1.11 (R2 = 0.97). TSE-derived T1 values measured in white matter and gray matter in healthy volunteers were equal to 0.997 ± 0.096 s and 1.358 ± 0.056 s (mean ± standard deviation), respectively. Mean Gd3+ concentration value in brain metastases was 94.7 ± 30.0 μM.

Conclusion: The in vivo results support the relevance of the phantom-based approach: brain T1 maps can be derived from T1-weighted acquisitions.

Relevance statement: High-resolution brain T1 maps can be generated, and contrast agent concentration can be quantified and imaged in brain metastases using routine 3D T1-weighted TSE acquisitions.

Key points: Quantitative T1 mapping adds significant value to MRI diagnostics. T1 measurement sequences are rarely included in routine protocols. T1 mapping and concentration of contrast agents can be derived from routine standard scans. The diagnostic value of MRI can be improved without additional scan time.

背景:纵向 T1 松弛时间是一种关键的成像生物标志物。此外,肿瘤和转移瘤患者使用的 T1 造影剂会调节 T1 值。然而,在临床实践中,脑部磁共振成像方案往往不包括专用的 T1 映射序列。本研究旨在通过标准 T1 加权序列得出 T1 图谱,解决成像方案中缺乏专用 T1 图谱序列的问题:方法:使用专为脑成像设计的三维(3D)T1 加权涡轮自旋回波(TSE)序列对一个由 144 种不同浓度的顺磁剂溶液组成的模型进行成像。利用该模型采集建立了 T1 值与信号强度之间的关系。对四名健康志愿者和一名脑转移患者进行了三维 T1 加权 TSE 采集,建立了 T1 映射,并与参考 T1 映射技术进行了比较。根据得出的 T1 图谱评估了脑转移瘤中钆基造影剂的浓度:结果:根据模型采集,发现 T1 值与信号强度(SI)之间的关系等于 T1 = 0.35 × SI-1.11(R2 = 0.97)。健康志愿者白质和灰质的 TSE 导出 T1 值分别为 0.997 ± 0.096 秒和 1.358 ± 0.056 秒(平均值 ± 标准差)。脑转移瘤中 Gd3+ 浓度的平均值为 94.7 ± 30.0 μM:体内结果支持基于模型的方法的相关性:脑T1图可以从T1加权采集中得出:利用常规三维T1加权TSE采集可生成高分辨率脑T1图,并对脑转移灶的造影剂浓度进行量化和成像:要点:定量 T1 映像为核磁共振成像诊断增添了重要价值。T1测量序列很少被纳入常规方案。T1图谱和造影剂浓度可从常规标准扫描中得出。无需增加扫描时间即可提高磁共振成像的诊断价值。
{"title":"Quantitative brain T1 maps derived from T1-weighted MRI acquisitions: a proof-of-concept study.","authors":"Audrey Lavielle, Noël Pinaud, Bei Zhang, Yannick Crémillieux","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00517-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41747-024-00517-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Longitudinal T1 relaxation time is a key imaging biomarker. In addition, T1 values are modulated by the administration of T1 contrast agents used in patients with tumors and metastases. However, in clinical practice, dedicated T1 mapping sequences are often not included in brain MRI protocols. The aim of this study is to address the absence of dedicated T1 mapping sequences in imaging protocol by deriving T1 maps from standard T1-weighted sequences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phantom, composed of 144 solutions of paramagnetic agents at different concentrations, was imaged with a three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighed turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequence designed for brain imaging. The relationship between the T1 values and the signal intensities was established using this phantom acquisition. T1 mapping derived from 3D T1-weighted TSE acquisitions in four healthy volunteers and one patient with brain metastases were established and compared to reference T1 mapping technique. The concentration of Gd-based contrast agents in brain metastases were assessed from the derived T1 maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the phantom acquisition, the relationship between T1 values and signal intensity (SI) was found equal to T1 = 0.35 × SI<sup>-</sup><sup>1.11</sup> (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.97). TSE-derived T1 values measured in white matter and gray matter in healthy volunteers were equal to 0.997 ± 0.096 s and 1.358 ± 0.056 s (mean ± standard deviation), respectively. Mean Gd<sup>3+</sup> concentration value in brain metastases was 94.7 ± 30.0 μM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The in vivo results support the relevance of the phantom-based approach: brain T1 maps can be derived from T1-weighted acquisitions.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>High-resolution brain T1 maps can be generated, and contrast agent concentration can be quantified and imaged in brain metastases using routine 3D T1-weighted TSE acquisitions.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Quantitative T1 mapping adds significant value to MRI diagnostics. T1 measurement sequences are rarely included in routine protocols. T1 mapping and concentration of contrast agents can be derived from routine standard scans. The diagnostic value of MRI can be improved without additional scan time.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel intravascular tantalum oxide-based contrast agent achieves improved vascular contrast enhancement and conspicuity compared to Iopamidol in an animal multiphase CT protocol. 在动物多相 CT 方案中,与碘帕米多相比,新型血管内氧化钽造影剂可改善血管造影剂的增强效果和清晰度。
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00509-2
Maurice M Heimer, Yuxin Sun, Sergio Grosu, Clemens C Cyran, Peter J Bonitatibus, Nikki Okwelogu, Brian C Bales, Dan E Meyer, Benjamin M Yeh

Background: To assess thoracic vascular computed tomography (CT) contrast enhancement of a novel intravenous tantalum oxide nanoparticle contrast agent (carboxybetaine zwitterionic tantalum oxide, TaCZ) compared to a conventional iodinated contrast agent (Iopamidol) in a rabbit multiphase protocol.

Methods: Five rabbits were scanned inside a human-torso-sized encasement on a clinical CT system at various scan delays after intravenous injection of 540 mg element (Ta or I) per kg of bodyweight of TaCZ or Iopamidol. Net contrast enhancement of various arteries and veins, as well as image noise, were measured. Randomized scan series were reviewed by three independent readers on a clinical workstation and assessed for vascular conspicuity and image artifacts on 5-point Likert scales.

Results: Overall, net vascular contrast enhancement achieved with TaCZ was superior to Iopamidol (p ≤ 0.036 with the exception of the inferior vena cava at 6 s (p = 0.131). Vascular contrast enhancement achieved with TaCZ at delays of 6 s, 40 s, and 75 s was superior to optimum achieved Iopamidol contrast enhancement at 6 s (p ≤ 0.036. Vascular conspicuity was higher for TaCZ in 269 of 300 (89.7%) arterial and 269 of 300 (89.7%) venous vessel assessments, respectively (p ≤ 0.005), with substantial inter-reader reliability (κ = 0.61; p < 0.001) and strong positive monotonic correlation between conspicuity scores and contrast enhancement measurements (ρ = 0.828; p < 0.001).

Conclusion: TaCZ provides absolute and relative contrast advantages compared to Iopamidol for improved visualization of thoracic arteries and veins in a multiphase CT protocol.

Relevance statement: The tantalum-oxide nanoparticle is an experimental intravenous CT contrast agent with superior cardiovascular and venous contrast capacity per injected elemental mass in an animal model, providing improved maximum contrast enhancement and prolonged contrast conspicuity. Further translational research on promising high-Z and nanoparticle contrast agents is warranted.

Key points: There have been no major advancements in intravenous CT contrast agents over decades. Iodinated CT contrast agents require optimal timing for angiography and phlebography. Tantalum-oxide demonstrated increased CT attenuation per elemental mass compared to Iopamidol. Nanoparticle contrast agent design facilitates prolonged vascular conspicuity.

背景:目的:在兔子多相方案中,评估新型氧化钽纳米颗粒造影剂(羧基甜菜碱齐聚物氧化钽,TaCZ)与传统碘化造影剂(碘帕米醇)相比的胸部血管计算机断层扫描(CT)造影剂增强效果:方法:在临床 CT 系统上,向五只兔子静脉注射每公斤体重 540 毫克元素(Ta 或 I)的 TaCZ 或 Iopamidol 后,在不同的扫描延迟时间内对兔子进行人体躯干大小的包裹扫描。对各种动脉和静脉的净对比度增强以及图像噪声进行了测量。随机扫描序列由临床工作站上的三位独立阅读者进行审查,并以 5 分李克特量表对血管清晰度和图像伪影进行评估:总体而言,TaCZ的血管净对比度增强效果优于碘帕米醇(p≤0.036,6秒时下腔静脉除外(p=0.131))。延迟 6 秒、40 秒和 75 秒时,TaCZ 的血管对比度增强效果优于 6 秒时伊奥帕米多的最佳对比度增强效果(p ≤ 0.036)。在 300 次动脉血管评估中,有 269 次(89.7%)和 300 次静脉血管评估中,有 269 次(89.7%)TaCZ 的血管清晰度更高(p ≤ 0.005),阅片者之间的可靠性也很高(κ = 0.61;p 结论:与碘帕米多相比,TaCZ在多相CT方案中改善胸部动脉和静脉显像方面具有绝对和相对对比优势:钽-氧化物纳米粒子是一种实验性静脉 CT 造影剂,在动物模型中单位注射元素质量具有卓越的心血管和静脉造影能力,可提供更好的最大造影增强和延长造影显影时间。有必要对有前景的高 Z 值和纳米粒子造影剂进行进一步的转化研究:要点:几十年来,静脉 CT 造影剂一直没有重大进展。碘化 CT 造影剂需要最佳的血管造影和静脉造影时机。与碘帕米醇相比,氧化钽的单位元素质量 CT 衰减更强。纳米粒子造影剂的设计有利于延长血管的清晰度。
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引用次数: 0
Quality control of elbow joint radiography using a YOLOv8-based artificial intelligence technology. 利用基于 YOLOv8 的人工智能技术对肘关节放射摄影进行质量控制。
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00504-7
Qi Lai, Weijuan Chen, Xuan Ding, Xin Huang, Wenli Jiang, Lingjing Zhang, Jinhua Chen, Dajing Guo, Zhiming Zhou, Tian-Wu Chen

Background: To explore an artificial intelligence (AI) technology employing YOLOv8 for quality control (QC) on elbow joint radiographs.

Methods: From January 2022 to August 2023, 2643 consecutive elbow radiographs were collected and randomly assigned to the training, validation, and test sets in a 6:2:2 ratio. We proposed the anteroposterior (AP) and lateral (LAT) models to identify target detection boxes and key points on elbow radiographs using YOLOv8. These identifications were transformed into five quality standards: (1) AP elbow positioning coordinates (XA and YA); (2) olecranon fossa positioning distance parameters (S17 and S27); (3) key points of joint space (Y3, Y4, Y5 and Y6); (4) LAT elbow positioning coordinates (X2 and Y2); and (5) flexion angle. Models were trained and validated using 2,120 radiographs. A test set of 523 radiographs was used for assessing the agreement between AI and physician and to evaluate clinical efficiency of models.

Results: The AP and LAT models demonstrated high precision, recall, and mean average precision for identifying boxes and points. AI and physicians showed high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in evaluating: AP coordinates XA (0.987) and YA (0.991); olecranon fossa parameters S17 (0.964) and S27 (0.951); key points Y3 (0.998), Y4 (0.997), Y5 (0.998) and Y6 (0.959); LAT coordinates X2 (0.994) and Y2 (0.986); and flexion angle (0.865). Compared to manual methods, using AI, QC time was reduced by 43% for AP images and 45% for LAT images (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: YOLOv8-based AI technology is feasible for QC of elbow radiography with high performance.

Relevance statement: This study proposed and validated a YOLOv8-based AI model for automated quality control in elbow radiography, obtaining high efficiency in clinical settings.

Key points: QC of elbow joint radiography is important for detecting diseases. Models based on YOLOv8 are proposed and perform well in image QC. Models offer objective and efficient solutions for QC in elbow joint radiographs.

背景:探索采用 YOLOv8 的人工智能(AI)技术对肘关节 X 光片进行质量控制:探索一种采用YOLOv8的人工智能(AI)技术,用于肘关节X光片的质量控制(QC):从2022年1月到2023年8月,我们收集了2643张连续的肘关节X光片,并按6:2:2的比例随机分配到训练集、验证集和测试集。我们提出了前胸(AP)和侧面(LAT)模型,使用 YOLOv8 在肘部 X 光片上识别目标检测框和关键点。这些识别结果被转化为五个质量标准:(1) AP 肘关节定位坐标(XA 和 YA);(2) 肩窝定位距离参数(S17 和 S27);(3) 关节间隙关键点(Y3、Y4、Y5 和 Y6);(4) LAT 肘关节定位坐标(X2 和 Y2);(5) 屈曲角度。使用 2,120 张射线照片对模型进行了训练和验证。测试集包括 523 张射线照片,用于评估人工智能与医生之间的一致性,并评估模型的临床效率:AP和LAT模型在识别方框和点方面表现出较高的精确度、召回率和平均平均精确度。人工智能和医生在评估时显示出较高的类内相关系数(ICC):AP坐标XA(0.987)和YA(0.991);肩胛窝参数S17(0.964)和S27(0.951);关键点Y3(0.998)、Y4(0.997)、Y5(0.998)和Y6(0.959);LAT坐标X2(0.994)和Y2(0.986);以及屈曲角(0.865)。与手动方法相比,使用人工智能,AP 图像的质量控制时间缩短了 43%,LAT 图像的质量控制时间缩短了 45%(p 结论:与手动方法相比,使用人工智能,AP 图像的质量控制时间缩短了 43%,LAT 图像的质量控制时间缩短了 45%:基于 YOLOv8 的人工智能技术可用于肘关节放射摄影的质量控制,且性能卓越:本研究提出并验证了基于 YOLOv8 的人工智能模型,用于肘关节放射摄影的自动质量控制,在临床环境中获得了高效率:要点:肘关节放射摄影的质量控制对于检测疾病非常重要。本文提出了基于 YOLOv8 的模型,该模型在图像质量控制方面表现良好。模型为肘关节放射摄影的质量控制提供了客观、高效的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Low-dose high-resolution chest CT in adults with cystic fibrosis: intraindividual comparison between photon-counting and energy-integrating detector CT. 成人囊性纤维化患者的低剂量高分辨率胸部 CT:光子计数和能量积分探测器 CT 的个体内比较。
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00502-9
Marko Frings, Matthias Welsner, Christin Mousa, Sebastian Zensen, Luca Salhöfer, Mathias Meetschen, Nikolas Beck, Denise Bos, Dirk Westhölter, Johannes Wienker, Christian Taube, Lale Umutlu, Benedikt M Schaarschmidt, Michael Forsting, Johannes Haubold, Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Marcel Opitz

Background: Regular disease monitoring with low-dose high-resolution (LD-HR) computed tomography (CT) scans is necessary for the clinical management of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The aim of this study was to compare the image quality and radiation dose of LD-HR protocols between photon-counting CT (PCCT) and energy-integrating detector system CT (EID-CT) in pwCF.

Methods: This retrospective study included 23 pwCF undergoing LD-HR chest CT with PCCT who had previously undergone LD-HR chest CT with EID-CT. An intraindividual comparison of radiation dose and image quality was conducted. The study measured the dose-length product, volumetric CT dose index, effective dose and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Three blinded radiologists assessed the overall image quality, image sharpness, and image noise using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (deficient) to 5 (very good) for image quality and image sharpness and from 1 (very high) to 5 (very low) for image noise.

Results: PCCT used approximately 42% less radiation dose than EID-CT (median effective dose 0.54 versus 0.93 mSv, p < 0.001). PCCT was consistently rated higher than EID-CT for overall image quality and image sharpness. Additionally, image noise was lower with PCCT compared to EID-CT. The average SNR of the lung parenchyma was lower with PCCT compared to EID-CT (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: In pwCF, LD-HR chest CT protocols using PCCT scans provided significantly better image quality and reduced radiation exposure compared to EID-CT.

Relevance statement: In pwCF, regular follow-up could be performed through photon-counting CT instead of EID-CT, with substantial advantages in terms of both lower radiation exposure and increased image quality.

Key points: Photon-counting CT (PCCT) and energy-integrating detector system CT (EID-CT) were compared in 23 people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Image quality was rated higher for PCCT than for EID-CT. PCCT used approximately 42% less radiation dose and offered superior image quality than EID-CT.

背景:使用低剂量高分辨率(LD-HR)计算机断层扫描(CT)进行定期疾病监测对于囊性纤维化患者(pwCF)的临床管理非常必要。本研究旨在比较光子计数 CT(PCCT)和能量集成探测器系统 CT(EID-CT)对囊性纤维化患者进行低剂量高分辨率 CT 扫描的图像质量和辐射剂量:这项回顾性研究纳入了 23 名接受 PCCT LD-HR 胸部 CT 的患儿,他们之前都接受过 EID-CT LD-HR 胸部 CT。对辐射剂量和图像质量进行了个体内部比较。研究测量了剂量-长度乘积、容积 CT 剂量指数、有效剂量和信噪比 (SNR)。三位双盲放射科医生采用 5 点李克特量表对整体图像质量、图像清晰度和图像噪声进行评估,图像质量和图像清晰度从 1 分(不足)到 5 分(非常好)不等,图像噪声从 1 分(非常高)到 5 分(非常低)不等:结果:PCCT 的辐射剂量比 EID-CT 少约 42%(中位数有效剂量为 0.54 对 0.93 mSv,p):与 EID-CT 相比,使用 PCCT 扫描的 LD-HR 胸部 CT 方案可为 pwCF 提供更好的图像质量并减少辐射量:相关性声明:对于 pwCF,可通过光子计数 CT 代替 EID-CT 进行定期随访,在降低辐射暴露和提高图像质量方面都有很大优势:对 23 名囊性纤维化患者(pwCF)的光子计数 CT(PCCT)和能量集成探测器系统 CT(EID-CT)进行了比较。PCCT 的图像质量评分高于 EID-CT。与 EID-CT 相比,PCCT 的辐射剂量减少了约 42%,图像质量却更胜一筹。
{"title":"Low-dose high-resolution chest CT in adults with cystic fibrosis: intraindividual comparison between photon-counting and energy-integrating detector CT.","authors":"Marko Frings, Matthias Welsner, Christin Mousa, Sebastian Zensen, Luca Salhöfer, Mathias Meetschen, Nikolas Beck, Denise Bos, Dirk Westhölter, Johannes Wienker, Christian Taube, Lale Umutlu, Benedikt M Schaarschmidt, Michael Forsting, Johannes Haubold, Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Marcel Opitz","doi":"10.1186/s41747-024-00502-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41747-024-00502-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular disease monitoring with low-dose high-resolution (LD-HR) computed tomography (CT) scans is necessary for the clinical management of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The aim of this study was to compare the image quality and radiation dose of LD-HR protocols between photon-counting CT (PCCT) and energy-integrating detector system CT (EID-CT) in pwCF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 23 pwCF undergoing LD-HR chest CT with PCCT who had previously undergone LD-HR chest CT with EID-CT. An intraindividual comparison of radiation dose and image quality was conducted. The study measured the dose-length product, volumetric CT dose index, effective dose and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Three blinded radiologists assessed the overall image quality, image sharpness, and image noise using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (deficient) to 5 (very good) for image quality and image sharpness and from 1 (very high) to 5 (very low) for image noise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCCT used approximately 42% less radiation dose than EID-CT (median effective dose 0.54 versus 0.93 mSv, p < 0.001). PCCT was consistently rated higher than EID-CT for overall image quality and image sharpness. Additionally, image noise was lower with PCCT compared to EID-CT. The average SNR of the lung parenchyma was lower with PCCT compared to EID-CT (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In pwCF, LD-HR chest CT protocols using PCCT scans provided significantly better image quality and reduced radiation exposure compared to EID-CT.</p><p><strong>Relevance statement: </strong>In pwCF, regular follow-up could be performed through photon-counting CT instead of EID-CT, with substantial advantages in terms of both lower radiation exposure and increased image quality.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Photon-counting CT (PCCT) and energy-integrating detector system CT (EID-CT) were compared in 23 people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Image quality was rated higher for PCCT than for EID-CT. PCCT used approximately 42% less radiation dose and offered superior image quality than EID-CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":36926,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology Experimental","volume":"8 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11413257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating patellar motion using weight-bearing dynamic CT: normative values and morphological considerations for healthy volunteers. 使用负重动态 CT 调查髌骨运动:健康志愿者的标准值和形态学考虑因素。
IF 3.7 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00505-6
Luca Buzzatti, Benyameen Keelson, Savanah Héréus, Jona Van den Broeck, Thierry Scheerlinck, Gert Van Gompel, Jef Vandemeulebroucke, Johan De Mey, Nico Buls, Erik Cattrysse

Background: Patellar instability is a well-known pathology in which kinematics can be investigated using metrics such as tibial tuberosity tracheal groove (TTTG), the bisect offset (BO), and the lateral patellar tilt (LPT). We used dynamic computed tomography (CT) to investigate the patellar motion of healthy subjects in weight-bearing conditions to provide normative values for TTTG, BO, and LPT, as well as to define whether BO and LPT are affected by the morphology of the trochlear groove.

Methods: Dynamic scanning was used to acquire images during weight-bearing in 21 adult healthy volunteers. TTTG, BO, and LPT metrics were computed between 0° and 30° of knee flexion. Sulcus angle, sulcus depth, and lateral trochlear inclination were calculated and used with the TTTG for simple linear regression models.

Results: All metrics gradually decreased during eccentric movement (TTTG, -6.9 mm; BO, -12.6%; LPT, -4.3°). No significant differences were observed between eccentric and concentric phases at any flexion angle for all metrics. Linear regression between kinematic metrics towards full extension showed a moderate fit between BO and TTTG (R2 0.60, β 1.75) and BO and LPT (R2 0.59, β 1.49), and a low fit between TTTG and LPT (R2 0.38, β 0.53). A high impact of the TTTG distance over BO was shown in male participants (R2 0.71, β 1.89) and patella alta individuals (R2 0.55, β 1.91).

Conclusion: We provided preliminary normative values of three common metrics during weight-bearing dynamic CT and showed the substantial impact of lateralisation of the patella tendon over patella displacement.

Relevance statement: These normative values can be used by clinicians when evaluating knee patients using TTTG, BO, and LPT metrics. The lateralisation of the patellar tendon in subjects with patella alta or in males significantly impacts the lateral displacement of the patella.

Key points: Trochlear groove morphology had no substantial impact on motion prediction. The lateralisation of the patellar tendon seems a strong predictor of lateral displacement of the patella in male participants. Participants with patella alta displayed a strong fit between the patellar lateral displacement and tilt. TTTG, BO, and LPT decreased during concentric movement. Concentric and eccentric phases did not show differences for all metrics.

背景:髌骨不稳是一种众所周知的病理现象,其运动学指标包括胫骨结节气管沟(TTTG)、髌骨平分偏移(BO)和髌骨外侧倾斜(LPT)。我们使用动态计算机断层扫描(CT)来研究健康受试者在负重条件下的髌骨运动,以提供 TTTG、BO 和 LPT 的标准值,并确定 BO 和 LPT 是否受胫骨结节气管沟形态的影响:方法:对 21 名成年健康志愿者进行动态扫描,获取其负重时的图像。在膝关节屈曲 0° 和 30° 之间计算 TTTG、BO 和 LPT 指标。计算出沟角度、沟深度和外侧套骨倾斜度,并与 TTTG 一起用于简单线性回归模型:在偏心运动过程中,所有指标都逐渐下降(TTTG,-6.9 mm;BO,-12.6%;LPT,-4.3°)。在任何屈曲角度下,偏心和同心阶段的所有指标均无明显差异。完全伸展运动指标之间的线性回归显示,BO 和 TTTG(R2 0.60,β 1.75)以及 BO 和 LPT(R2 0.59,β 1.49)之间的拟合度适中,而 TTTG 和 LPT 之间的拟合度较低(R2 0.38,β 0.53)。男性参与者(R2 0.71,β 1.89)和髌骨畸形者(R2 0.55,β 1.91)的 TTTG 距离对 BO 的影响较大:我们提供了负重动态 CT 中三个常见指标的初步标准值,并显示了髌骨肌腱外侧化对髌骨位移的重大影响:这些标准值可供临床医生在使用 TTTG、BO 和 LPT 指标评估膝关节患者时使用。髌骨外翻或男性患者的髌骨肌腱外侧化对髌骨外侧移位有显著影响:关键点:韧带沟形态对运动预测没有实质性影响。髌骨肌腱的外侧化似乎对男性受试者的髌骨外侧位移有很大的预测作用。髌骨外翻的参与者的髌骨外侧位移与倾斜度之间有很强的拟合。在同心运动时,TTTG、BO 和 LPT 均有所下降。同心和偏心阶段的所有指标均无差异。
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引用次数: 0
Training and validation of a deep learning U-net architecture general model for automated segmentation of inner ear from CT 训练和验证用于从 CT 自动分割内耳的深度学习 U-net 架构通用模型
IF 3.8 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00508-3
Jonathan Lim, Aurore Abily, Douraïed Ben Salem, Loïc Gaillandre, Arnaud Attye, Julien Ognard

Background

The intricate three-dimensional anatomy of the inner ear presents significant challenges in diagnostic procedures and critical surgical interventions. Recent advancements in deep learning (DL), particularly convolutional neural networks (CNN), have shown promise for segmenting specific structures in medical imaging. This study aimed to train and externally validate an open-source U-net DL general model for automated segmentation of the inner ear from computed tomography (CT) scans, using quantitative and qualitative assessments.

Methods

In this multicenter study, we retrospectively collected a dataset of 271 CT scans to train an open-source U-net CNN model. An external set of 70 CT scans was used to evaluate the performance of the trained model. The model’s efficacy was quantitatively assessed using the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and qualitatively assessed using a 4-level Likert score. For comparative analysis, manual segmentation served as the reference standard, with assessments made on both training and validation datasets, as well as stratified analysis of normal and pathological subgroups.

Results

The optimized model yielded a mean DSC of 0.83 and achieved a Likert score of 1 in 42% of the cases, in conjunction with a significantly reduced processing time. Nevertheless, 27% of the patients received an indeterminate Likert score of 4. Overall, the mean DSCs were notably higher in the validation dataset than in the training dataset.

Conclusion

This study supports the external validation of an open-source U-net model for the automated segmentation of the inner ear from CT scans.

Relevance statement

This study optimized and assessed an open-source general deep learning model for automated segmentation of the inner ear using temporal CT scans, offering perspectives for application in clinical routine. The model weights, study datasets, and baseline model are worldwide accessible.

Key Points

  • A general open-source deep learning model was trained for CT automated inner ear segmentation.

  • The Dice similarity coefficient was 0.83 and a Likert score of 1 was attributed to 42% of automated segmentations.

  • The influence of scanning protocols on the model performances remains to be assessed.

Graphical Abstract

背景内耳错综复杂的三维解剖结构给诊断程序和关键手术干预带来了巨大挑战。深度学习(DL),尤其是卷积神经网络(CNN)的最新进展已显示出在医学成像中分割特定结构的前景。本研究旨在通过定量和定性评估,训练并从外部验证一个开源 U-net DL 通用模型,用于从计算机断层扫描(CT)扫描中自动分割内耳。方法在这项多中心研究中,我们回顾性地收集了 271 个 CT 扫描数据集,用于训练一个开源 U-net CNN 模型。外部的 70 个 CT 扫描数据集用于评估训练模型的性能。该模型的功效使用 Dice 相似性系数 (DSC) 进行定量评估,并使用 4 级 Likert 分数进行定性评估。结果优化模型的平均 DSC 值为 0.83,42% 的病例 Likert 评分达到 1 分,同时处理时间显著缩短。总体而言,验证数据集的平均 DSC 明显高于训练数据集。相关性声明本研究优化并评估了一个开源通用深度学习模型,该模型可用于利用颞部 CT 扫描自动分割内耳,为临床常规应用提供了前景。该模型的权重、研究数据集和基线模型可在全球范围内访问.Key Points针对CT自动内耳分割训练了一个通用开源深度学习模型.Dice相似性系数为0.83,42%的自动分割得到了1分的Likert评分.扫描协议对模型性能的影响仍有待评估.Graphical Abstract.
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of compressed sensing and deep learning reconstruction for adult female pelvic MRI at 1.5 T 压缩传感和深度学习重建在 1.5 T 下用于成年女性盆腔磁共振成像的功效
IF 3.8 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00506-5
Takahiro Ueda, Kaori Yamamoto, Natsuka Yazawa, Ikki Tozawa, Masato Ikedo, Masao Yui, Hiroyuki Nagata, Masahiko Nomura, Yoshiyuki Ozawa, Yoshiharu Ohno

Background

We aimed to determine the capabilities of compressed sensing (CS) and deep learning reconstruction (DLR) with those of conventional parallel imaging (PI) for improving image quality while reducing examination time on female pelvic 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods

Fifty-two consecutive female patients with various pelvic diseases underwent MRI with T1- and T2-weighted sequences using CS and PI. All CS data was reconstructed with and without DLR. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of muscle and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between fat tissue and iliac muscle on T1-weighted images (T1WI) and between myometrium and straight muscle on T2-weighted images (T2WI) were determined through region-of-interest measurements. Overall image quality (OIQ) and diagnostic confidence level (DCL) were evaluated on 5-point scales. SNRs and CNRs were compared using Tukey’s test, and qualitative indexes using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results

SNRs of T1WI and T2WI obtained using CS with DLR were higher than those using CS without DLR or conventional PI (p < 0.010). CNRs of T1WI and T2WI obtained using CS with DLR were higher than those using CS without DLR or conventional PI (p < 0.003). OIQ of T1WI and T2WI obtained using CS with DLR were higher than that using CS without DLR or conventional PI (p < 0.001). DCL of T2WI obtained using CS with DLR was higher than that using conventional PI or CS without DLR (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

CS with DLR provided better image quality and shorter examination time than those obtainable with PI for female pelvic 1.5-T MRI.

Relevance statement

CS with DLR can be considered effective for attaining better image quality and shorter examination time for female pelvic MRI at 1.5 T compared with those obtainable with PI.

Key Points

  • Patients underwent MRI with T1- and T2-weighted sequences using CS and PI.

  • All CS data was reconstructed with and without DLR.

  • CS with DLR allowed for examination times significantly shorter than those of PI and provided significantly higher signal- and CNRs, as well as OIQ.

Graphical Abstract

背景我们旨在确定压缩传感(CS)和深度学习重建(DLR)与传统平行成像(PI)在提高图像质量的同时缩短女性盆腔 1.5 T 磁共振成像(MRI)检查时间方面的能力。方法52 名患有各种盆腔疾病的女性患者连续接受了使用 CS 和 PI 进行 T1 和 T2 加权序列的 MRI 检查。所有 CS 数据都在有 DLR 和无 DLR 的情况下进行了重建。通过感兴趣区测量确定了 T1 加权图像(T1WI)上肌肉的信噪比(SNR)和脂肪组织与髂肌之间的对比度-噪声比(CNR),以及 T2 加权图像(T2WI)上子宫肌层与直肌之间的对比度-噪声比(CNR)。整体图像质量(OIQ)和诊断置信度(DCL)按 5 分制进行评估。结果使用带 DLR 的 CS 所获得的 T1WI 和 T2WI 的信噪比高于使用不带 DLR 的 CS 或传统 PI 所获得的信噪比(p < 0.010)。使用带 DLR 的 CS 获得的 T1WI 和 T2WI 的 CNRs 高于使用不带 DLR 的 CS 或传统 PI 的 CNRs(p < 0.003)。使用带 DLR 的 CS 获得的 T1WI 和 T2WI 的 OIQ 高于使用不带 DLR 的 CS 或传统 PI(p < 0.001)。使用带 DLR 的 CS 获得的 T2WI 的 DCL 高于使用传统 PI 或不带 DLR 的 CS(p < 0.001)。带 DLR 的 CS 可使检查时间明显短于 PI,并提供明显更高的信号和 CNR 以及 OIQ。
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引用次数: 0
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European Radiology Experimental
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