Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128871
J. Trovão, P. Pereirinha, Leonor Trovao, H. Jorge
This paper presents electric vehicles chargers power quality characterization. The difference between domestic charge for small urban electric vehicle and industrial charge for forklift is addressed. Full charges of lead-acid and NiMH batteries are monitored by recent power analyser, allowing the study of power demands and the voltage and current waveform distortion of the considered charger. The data of the voltage and current waveforms is then used to study and analyse the best solution to mitigate the principal power quality problems. For this, a set of methods and techniques to attenuate the harmonics amplitude by network structural alteration is presented and discussed. The load levelling control concept has been introduced as an alternative option to structural alteration. This comprehensive and effective EV charging control system will respond to the undesirable increases in peak energy demand and power quality degradation, and avoid that the electrical energy network might not be prepared to respond to these requests.
{"title":"Electric vehicles chargers characterization: Load demand and harmonic distortion","authors":"J. Trovão, P. Pereirinha, Leonor Trovao, H. Jorge","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128871","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents electric vehicles chargers power quality characterization. The difference between domestic charge for small urban electric vehicle and industrial charge for forklift is addressed. Full charges of lead-acid and NiMH batteries are monitored by recent power analyser, allowing the study of power demands and the voltage and current waveform distortion of the considered charger. The data of the voltage and current waveforms is then used to study and analyse the best solution to mitigate the principal power quality problems. For this, a set of methods and techniques to attenuate the harmonics amplitude by network structural alteration is presented and discussed. The load levelling control concept has been introduced as an alternative option to structural alteration. This comprehensive and effective EV charging control system will respond to the undesirable increases in peak energy demand and power quality degradation, and avoid that the electrical energy network might not be prepared to respond to these requests.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130370053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128934
A. Kavousi, N. Farokhnia, A. Vahabzadeh, M. Nazari, G. Gharehpetian
In this paper, two standalone PV systems are compared. One of them has two series PVs that are connected to DC/DC and then DC/AC converters for feeding the AC load. The other configuration uses two separate PV and DC/DC converters, with series DC/AC converters on the AC load side. It is shown that the series inverter has advantages like improved harmonic condition, keeping both PVs in maximum power point, especially in shading condition. But, it has disadvantages like increasing the number of components and cost, decreasing reliability and unequal power absorption from each PV.
{"title":"Comparision between two stand-alone PV configurations: Series PVs versus series VSCs","authors":"A. Kavousi, N. Farokhnia, A. Vahabzadeh, M. Nazari, G. Gharehpetian","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128934","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two standalone PV systems are compared. One of them has two series PVs that are connected to DC/DC and then DC/AC converters for feeding the AC load. The other configuration uses two separate PV and DC/DC converters, with series DC/AC converters on the AC load side. It is shown that the series inverter has advantages like improved harmonic condition, keeping both PVs in maximum power point, especially in shading condition. But, it has disadvantages like increasing the number of components and cost, decreasing reliability and unequal power absorption from each PV.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130511546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128852
K. Chmielowiec
During the last few years the market for residential light sources has increased by the arrival of new, energy efficient solutions which have overtaken the traditional incandescent light bulbs. New light sources are often based on totally different principle of operation and also have their own individual features of light output. This paper compares the measurement results of flicker response to various types of lamps available with an E27 Edison screw.
{"title":"Flicker effect of different types of light sources","authors":"K. Chmielowiec","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128852","url":null,"abstract":"During the last few years the market for residential light sources has increased by the arrival of new, energy efficient solutions which have overtaken the traditional incandescent light bulbs. New light sources are often based on totally different principle of operation and also have their own individual features of light output. This paper compares the measurement results of flicker response to various types of lamps available with an E27 Edison screw.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130511906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128929
H. Vadizadeh, N. Farokhnia, S. Fathi, D. Rabbani
Multilevel Inverters inject lesser harmonics in comparison with common 3-level inverters. However, this amount is notable. THD is a proper index to evaluate the amount of harmonics. Line voltage THD of a 5-level inverter's stepped waveform has been formulated in literature. In this paper, the method of calculating the formulas is developed. So, the formulas of line voltage THD for a 7-level inverter are extracted. It is done to be used for analytical foundation of optimal switching angles as a future work.
{"title":"Extracting formulas of line voltage THD for 7-level inverter with equal DC sources","authors":"H. Vadizadeh, N. Farokhnia, S. Fathi, D. Rabbani","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128929","url":null,"abstract":"Multilevel Inverters inject lesser harmonics in comparison with common 3-level inverters. However, this amount is notable. THD is a proper index to evaluate the amount of harmonics. Line voltage THD of a 5-level inverter's stepped waveform has been formulated in literature. In this paper, the method of calculating the formulas is developed. So, the formulas of line voltage THD for a 7-level inverter are extracted. It is done to be used for analytical foundation of optimal switching angles as a future work.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130568344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128823
Luis C. Rodrigues, A. Estanqueiro
The concept of “Virtual Renewable Power Plants - VRPP” enables several positive factors for the electric integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), namely (a) the smoothing of time based fluctuation of the power delivered by the RES, (b) the use of the natural complementary of renewable resources availability (c) the establishment of synergies between different RES as well as the combination of their production. The present work aims to identify the synergies between wind and photovoltaic (PV) plants, regarding their daily profiles l complementarity and resource availability; as well as the technical and economic added value of a VRPP. Results show an increase of 5.3% in the capacity factor when 2 MWp of PV is added to an 8 MW wind farm, considering all infrastructural capacity limits. Moreover, additional results include the characterization and optimization of hybrid virtual wind-PV plants production profile.
{"title":"Integration of renewable sources in the electric system using Virtual Renewable Power Plants","authors":"Luis C. Rodrigues, A. Estanqueiro","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128823","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of “Virtual Renewable Power Plants - VRPP” enables several positive factors for the electric integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), namely (a) the smoothing of time based fluctuation of the power delivered by the RES, (b) the use of the natural complementary of renewable resources availability (c) the establishment of synergies between different RES as well as the combination of their production. The present work aims to identify the synergies between wind and photovoltaic (PV) plants, regarding their daily profiles l complementarity and resource availability; as well as the technical and economic added value of a VRPP. Results show an increase of 5.3% in the capacity factor when 2 MWp of PV is added to an 8 MW wind farm, considering all infrastructural capacity limits. Moreover, additional results include the characterization and optimization of hybrid virtual wind-PV plants production profile.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116140466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128866
C. Wenge, T. Winkler, M. Stotzer, P. Komarnicki
In this contribution power quality measurements of electric vehicles (EVs) will be presented. In the coming years EVs will become a more relevant asset in the power system. Due to infrastructural reasons and typical usage the EVs will be mainly connected to the low voltage power grid. That includes charging and - in case of vehicle-to-grid concepts — discharging processes with different power levels. The investigation of different kinds of EVs considers voltage drops, harmonics and power factors that allow for scaling up the impact on the power system. To interpret the results common standards and technical requirements are taken into account that describes the connection of loads as well as generators to the grid.
{"title":"Power quality measurements of electric vehicles in the low voltage power grid","authors":"C. Wenge, T. Winkler, M. Stotzer, P. Komarnicki","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128866","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution power quality measurements of electric vehicles (EVs) will be presented. In the coming years EVs will become a more relevant asset in the power system. Due to infrastructural reasons and typical usage the EVs will be mainly connected to the low voltage power grid. That includes charging and - in case of vehicle-to-grid concepts — discharging processes with different power levels. The investigation of different kinds of EVs considers voltage drops, harmonics and power factors that allow for scaling up the impact on the power system. To interpret the results common standards and technical requirements are taken into account that describes the connection of loads as well as generators to the grid.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121467733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128839
O. Antonescu, C. Munteanu, C. Hebedean
The paper outlines a numerical computation software module designed for the analysis of the transient over voltage signals propagation on the high voltage lines. Because one deal with high frequency electromagnetic pulses, the high voltage line parameters are modeled using the Transmission Line Method. The computation module implemented requires as input data all geometrical particularities of the high voltage line under study and computes the per-unit-length parameters of the line taking into account the Carson's theory. The numerical analysis of the transient propagation on the high voltage line is performed using a dedicated software package. Practical examples are presented in the second part of the paper. Final conclusions will end the paper.
{"title":"Numerical analysis of the transients propagation on overhead lines","authors":"O. Antonescu, C. Munteanu, C. Hebedean","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128839","url":null,"abstract":"The paper outlines a numerical computation software module designed for the analysis of the transient over voltage signals propagation on the high voltage lines. Because one deal with high frequency electromagnetic pulses, the high voltage line parameters are modeled using the Transmission Line Method. The computation module implemented requires as input data all geometrical particularities of the high voltage line under study and computes the per-unit-length parameters of the line taking into account the Carson's theory. The numerical analysis of the transient propagation on the high voltage line is performed using a dedicated software package. Practical examples are presented in the second part of the paper. Final conclusions will end the paper.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128110544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128833
F. H. da Costa, Rafael Nakamura, J. C. Oliveira, G. C. Guimarães, A. F. Bonelli
This paper presents a proposal for the mathematical modeling and computational analysis of special permanent magnetic excitation six-phase synchronous generators, as required by variable wind farm application. The strategy uses time domain techniques so as to highlight the transient, dynamic and steady state operational conditions. Having completed the representation and the computational implementation of these special machines, the representation is implemented in the ATP platform and performance analyses are carried out to highlight the main operational characteristics of the special generator.
{"title":"Modeling and performance analysis of special permanent magnetic excitation six-phase synchronous generators for wind farm application","authors":"F. H. da Costa, Rafael Nakamura, J. C. Oliveira, G. C. Guimarães, A. F. Bonelli","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128833","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a proposal for the mathematical modeling and computational analysis of special permanent magnetic excitation six-phase synchronous generators, as required by variable wind farm application. The strategy uses time domain techniques so as to highlight the transient, dynamic and steady state operational conditions. Having completed the representation and the computational implementation of these special machines, the representation is implemented in the ATP platform and performance analyses are carried out to highlight the main operational characteristics of the special generator.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125410286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128836
J. Carvalhosa, José A. Barros, H. Leite, Adelino Barbosa, P. Pereira, P. Alves
Both environmental and economic drivers have demanded for a higher penetration of wind power into the networks. In order to be more economically viable, wind power projects are urged to increase their scale. To overcome the technical challenges as a result of such increase, it became necessary for System Operators to modify Grid Codes to facilitate a securer wind power penetration into the networks. The Portuguese System Operators have recently (July 2010) adjusted their Grid Codes accordingly. This paper evaluates the technical and economic implications of such modification and conclusions are drawn accordingly.
{"title":"Technical and economic impacts of the 2010's grid code requirements for wind energy in Portugal","authors":"J. Carvalhosa, José A. Barros, H. Leite, Adelino Barbosa, P. Pereira, P. Alves","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128836","url":null,"abstract":"Both environmental and economic drivers have demanded for a higher penetration of wind power into the networks. In order to be more economically viable, wind power projects are urged to increase their scale. To overcome the technical challenges as a result of such increase, it became necessary for System Operators to modify Grid Codes to facilitate a securer wind power penetration into the networks. The Portuguese System Operators have recently (July 2010) adjusted their Grid Codes accordingly. This paper evaluates the technical and economic implications of such modification and conclusions are drawn accordingly.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"33 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127980987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128884
A. Gaouda, F. Sallabi, A. El-Hag, M. Salama
The goal of this paper is to investigate the reliability of ZigBee based wireless sensor networks in transforming existing power systems into future smart grids. The performance of the communication network for specific propagation environment and frequency band is investigated. The interrupting RF signals generated from harsh normal and abnormal operating conditions in power system environment are investigated. High noise level in 13 to 16kV HV systems, impulsive transients of 10 to 34kV according to IEEE Std. 792 turn-to-turn tests as well as partial discharge activities in 4 to 24kV free space are tested using real laboratory data. The interruption limits of ZigBee coordinator and device units during these conditions are defined.
{"title":"Zigbee performance during severe interruptions in electric power systems","authors":"A. Gaouda, F. Sallabi, A. El-Hag, M. Salama","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128884","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to investigate the reliability of ZigBee based wireless sensor networks in transforming existing power systems into future smart grids. The performance of the communication network for specific propagation environment and frequency band is investigated. The interrupting RF signals generated from harsh normal and abnormal operating conditions in power system environment are investigated. High noise level in 13 to 16kV HV systems, impulsive transients of 10 to 34kV according to IEEE Std. 792 turn-to-turn tests as well as partial discharge activities in 4 to 24kV free space are tested using real laboratory data. The interruption limits of ZigBee coordinator and device units during these conditions are defined.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131216742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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