This essay explores Thai Buddhist food practices in relation to community building in the United States. Drawing from interviews, participant observation, and online research, I examine two interconnected issues. First, how temple food practices—offering alms to monks and operating newly invented temple food courts—sustain temples spiritually and financially. Second, how temple food, which is consistently integrated into various events and rituals, enables Thai Americans and a diverse assortment of other participants to connect and work together. This inquiry sheds light on the meanings invested in temple food, and the religious and socio-economic importance of food for Theravada Buddhist community building.
{"title":"Not Simple Temple Food: Thai Community Making in the United States","authors":"J. Bao","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1116286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1116286","url":null,"abstract":"This essay explores Thai Buddhist food practices in relation to community building in the United States. Drawing from interviews, participant observation, and online research, I examine two interconnected issues. First, how temple food practices—offering alms to monks and operating newly invented temple food courts—sustain temples spiritually and financially. Second, how temple food, which is consistently integrated into various events and rituals, enables Thai Americans and a diverse assortment of other participants to connect and work together. This inquiry sheds light on the meanings invested in temple food, and the religious and socio-economic importance of food for Theravada Buddhist community building.","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"189-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48186040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Buddhism, International Relief Work, and Civil Society, edited by Hiroko Kawanami and Geoffrey Samuel","authors":"Kainan Chen","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1284420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1284420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"181-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44648964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tibetan Buddhism in Diaspora: Cultural Re-Signification in Practice and Institution, by Ana Cristina Lopes","authors":"I. Callegari","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1284432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1284432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"184-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48138873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corresponding author: Brian J. Nichols, Mount Royal University, bnichols@mtroyal.ca This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ISSN 1527-6457 (online). Since the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 and the reform and opening of China under Deng Xiaoping in the early 1980s, religious traditions have been revived and scholars have gained access to mainland China for the first time in decades. While there have been book-length studies of popular religion and Christianity in contemporary China, and edited volumes focused on religion in modern and contemporary China, there have been no book-length studies dedicated to Han Buddhism until now. The focus of this book is on lay Buddhists who gather in the outer courtyard of an important Buddhist temple in central Beijing during dharma assemblies (fahui), which are held four times a month. Fisher attended, in his words, “nearly every” dharma assembly during his 27 months of ethnographic research, conducted over a period of ten years from 2001 to 2012. This book provides a window into the aspirations, challenges, and failures of lay Buddhists who are establishing what Fisher describes as “islands of religiosity” (204-213) in contemporary China.
通讯作者:Brian J. Nichols, Mount Royal University, bnichols@mtroyal.ca本作品采用知识共享署名-非商业4.0国际许可协议。http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ISSN 1527-6457(在线)。虽然有关于当代中国民间宗教和基督教的长篇研究，也有关于中国现当代宗教的编辑书籍，但到目前为止，还没有专门研究汉传佛教的长篇研究。这本书的重点是在一个月举行四次的法会期间，聚集在北京市中心一个重要佛教寺庙外院的居士佛教徒。用Fisher的话来说，在他从2001年到2012年为期10年的27个月的人种学研究期间，他参加了“几乎所有”的法会。这本书提供了一扇窗口，让我们看到俗家佛教徒的抱负、挑战和失败，他们在当代中国建立了费雪所描述的“宗教孤岛”(204-213)。
{"title":"From Comrades to Bodhisattvas: Moral Dimensions of Lay Buddhist Practice in Contemporary China, by Gareth Fisher","authors":"Brian J. Nichols","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1284411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1284411","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding author: Brian J. Nichols, Mount Royal University, bnichols@mtroyal.ca This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ISSN 1527-6457 (online). Since the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 and the reform and opening of China under Deng Xiaoping in the early 1980s, religious traditions have been revived and scholars have gained access to mainland China for the first time in decades. While there have been book-length studies of popular religion and Christianity in contemporary China, and edited volumes focused on religion in modern and contemporary China, there have been no book-length studies dedicated to Han Buddhism until now. The focus of this book is on lay Buddhists who gather in the outer courtyard of an important Buddhist temple in central Beijing during dharma assemblies (fahui), which are held four times a month. Fisher attended, in his words, “nearly every” dharma assembly during his 27 months of ethnographic research, conducted over a period of ten years from 2001 to 2012. This book provides a window into the aspirations, challenges, and failures of lay Buddhists who are establishing what Fisher describes as “islands of religiosity” (204-213) in contemporary China.","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"176-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48502907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corresponding author: Winton Higgins, Associate in International Studies, University of Technology Sydney, winton.higgins@uts.edu.au This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ISSN 1527-6457 (online). Stephen Batchelor, Confession of a Buddhist Atheist (New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2010, 320 pp., $17.00, ISBN 978-0-385-52706-4, paperback);
{"title":"The Flexible Appropriation of Tradition: Stephen Batchelor’s Secular Buddhism","authors":"W. Higgins","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1284297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1284297","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding author: Winton Higgins, Associate in International Studies, University of Technology Sydney, winton.higgins@uts.edu.au This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ISSN 1527-6457 (online). Stephen Batchelor, Confession of a Buddhist Atheist (New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2010, 320 pp., $17.00, ISBN 978-0-385-52706-4, paperback);","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"51-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44411907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of the communicative fabric of the social media life of elite clerics sheds light on the role that digital technology plays in the processes of re-articulation of their relationship with practitioners. Examining the spheres of pious self-making and social imaginary that are opened up by Buddhist technoculture, this article suggests that deep-rooted attitudes towards the circulation of knowledge and charisma inform the current recuperation of monastic ideals and the production of digital “dharma treasures” (fabao 法宝). These are key to establishing and maintaining local, trans-regional, and international networks of online and offline followers. The hyperspace-biased conversations within and around urban Buddhism represent a development of significance and complexity. Buddhist lives, I argue, are produced and mediated by the ever-expanding incidence of clerical blogging and engagement with the smartphone-based social media platform WeChat (weixin 微信).
{"title":"Technologies of Salvation: (Re)locating Chinese Buddhism in the Digital Age","authors":"Francesca Tarocco","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1284254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1284254","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the communicative fabric of the social media life of elite clerics sheds light on the role that digital technology plays in the processes of re-articulation of their relationship with practitioners. Examining the spheres of pious self-making and social imaginary that are opened up by Buddhist technoculture, this article suggests that deep-rooted attitudes towards the circulation of knowledge and charisma inform the current recuperation of monastic ideals and the production of digital “dharma treasures” (fabao 法宝). These are key to establishing and maintaining local, trans-regional, and international networks of online and offline followers. The hyperspace-biased conversations within and around urban Buddhism represent a development of significance and complexity. Buddhist lives, I argue, are produced and mediated by the ever-expanding incidence of clerical blogging and engagement with the smartphone-based social media platform WeChat (weixin 微信).","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"155-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48255111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tzu Chi (Ciji), a lay Buddhist charitable movement under monastic leadership, stands out among the new and large-scale Buddhist organizations in Taiwan, for its continuous focus on medical care. Presently it runs an island-wide medical network in Taiwan, the largest bone marrow databank in Asia. How and why is medical care important to Tzu Chi? What makes Tzu Chi’s medical charity Buddhist? This paper focuses on the core of medical concerns in the Tzu Chi movement and the impact Tzu Chi’s mission has on medical practice in Taiwan. I will give a brief history of Tzu Chi’s medical charity, to show how it unfolds into an engaged Buddhism and the sacrilization of its medical practice. I will argue that the process of bestowing sacramental meanings on the scientific is a Buddhist comment on modern medical practice—a sacralization of medical science.
{"title":"Scientific and Sacramental: Secularization of Buddhism and Sacralization of Medical Science in Tzu Chi (Ciji)","authors":"C. J. Huang","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1248036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1248036","url":null,"abstract":"Tzu Chi (Ciji), a lay Buddhist charitable movement under monastic leadership, stands out among the new and large-scale Buddhist organizations in Taiwan, for its continuous focus on medical care. Presently it runs an island-wide medical network in Taiwan, the largest bone marrow databank in Asia. How and why is medical care important to Tzu Chi? What makes Tzu Chi’s medical charity Buddhist? This paper focuses on the core of medical concerns in the Tzu Chi movement and the impact Tzu Chi’s mission has on medical practice in Taiwan. I will give a brief history of Tzu Chi’s medical charity, to show how it unfolds into an engaged Buddhism and the sacrilization of its medical practice. I will argue that the process of bestowing sacramental meanings on the scientific is a Buddhist comment on modern medical practice—a sacralization of medical science.","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"72-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43614224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Buddhism in the modern world offers an example of (1) the porousness of the boundary between the secular and religious; (2) the diversity, fluidity, and constructedness of the very categories of religious and secular, since they appear in different ways among different Buddhist cultures in divergent national contexts; and (3) the way these categories nevertheless have very real-world effects and become drivers of substantial change in belief and practice. Drawing on a few examples of Buddhism in various geographical and political settings, I hope to take a few modest steps toward illuminating some broad contours of the interlacing of secularism and Buddhism. In doing so, I am synthesizing some of my own and a few others’ research on modern Buddhism, integrating it with some current research I am doing on meditation, and considering its implications for thinking about secularism. This, I hope, will provide a background against which we can consider more closely some particular features of Buddhism in the Chinese cultural world, about which I will offer some preliminary thoughts.
{"title":"Buddhism, Meditation, and Global Secularisms","authors":"David L Mcmahan","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1251845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1251845","url":null,"abstract":"Buddhism in the modern world offers an example of (1) the porousness of the boundary between the secular and religious; (2) the diversity, fluidity, and constructedness of the very categories of religious and secular, since they appear in different ways among different Buddhist cultures in divergent national contexts; and (3) the way these categories nevertheless have very real-world effects and become drivers of substantial change in belief and practice. Drawing on a few examples of Buddhism in various geographical and political settings, I hope to take a few modest steps toward illuminating some broad contours of the interlacing of secularism and Buddhism. In doing so, I am synthesizing some of my own and a few others’ research on modern Buddhism, integrating it with some current research I am doing on meditation, and considering its implications for thinking about secularism. This, I hope, will provide a background against which we can consider more closely some particular features of Buddhism in the Chinese cultural world, about which I will offer some preliminary thoughts.","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"112-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46040462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tibetan Buddhism is one of the fastest growing religions among Chinese in the twenty-first century. The transnational teaching activities of numerous Tibetan lamas attest to this religious trend in the popular realm of contemporary China. Unlike on their native soil, Tibetan lamas immersed in urban China encounter converts whose acceptance of Buddhism often rests upon a “scientific” assessment of Buddhism. Thus, the Buddhism-science dialogue stands out as a central theme in contemporary Sino-Tibetan Buddhist encounters. Based on the authors’ collaborative study of the Buddhism-science entanglement in this transnational Buddhist context, this article will illustrate that science signifies not merely the conventionally accepted system of knowledge, based on the modern, empirically-driven search for the understanding of the material world. Instead, it connotes a web of interconnected social meanings pertaining to Buddhist understanding, critique, and appropriation of this web. In this regard, the authors argue that simultaneously, science is identified as an integral part of the iconoclastic secularism in modern China subject to contemporary Buddhist critique, science is utilized as an instrument of Buddhist conversion, and science is reconceived as a neutral, open social space for knowledge making, in which an increasing number of Buddhist teachers persistently claim Buddhism as a science of its own.
{"title":"Revisioning Buddhism as a Science of the Mind in a Secularized China: A Tibetan Perspective","authors":"Khenpo Sodargye, Dan Smyer Yü","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1248043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1248043","url":null,"abstract":"Tibetan Buddhism is one of the fastest growing religions among Chinese in the twenty-first century. The transnational teaching activities of numerous Tibetan lamas attest to this religious trend in the popular realm of contemporary China. Unlike on their native soil, Tibetan lamas immersed in urban China encounter converts whose acceptance of Buddhism often rests upon a “scientific” assessment of Buddhism. Thus, the Buddhism-science dialogue stands out as a central theme in contemporary Sino-Tibetan Buddhist encounters. Based on the authors’ collaborative study of the Buddhism-science entanglement in this transnational Buddhist context, this article will illustrate that science signifies not merely the conventionally accepted system of knowledge, based on the modern, empirically-driven search for the understanding of the material world. Instead, it connotes a web of interconnected social meanings pertaining to Buddhist understanding, critique, and appropriation of this web. In this regard, the authors argue that simultaneously, science is identified as an integral part of the iconoclastic secularism in modern China subject to contemporary Buddhist critique, science is utilized as an instrument of Buddhist conversion, and science is reconceived as a neutral, open social space for knowledge making, in which an increasing number of Buddhist teachers persistently claim Buddhism as a science of its own.","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"91-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45454411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corresponding author: Francesca Tarocco, New York University Shanghai. Email: ft21@nyu.edu This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ISSN 1527-6457 (online). The special focus of this issue of the Journal of Global Buddhism is on the role of Buddhists and Buddhist-inspired practices and ideas in (Greater) China in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Drawing connections between the preand post-1949 periods in the Chinese-speaking world and between both sides of the Taiwan straits, all contributors pay close attention to history and historiography. They examine trans-regional and global processes of influence and conflict, bridging contemporary theory, comparative religious studies, and ethnography. The formation of Buddhist and Chinese modernities is seen through the lens of a process of interaction between Buddhist and non-Buddhist agents and Asian and non-Asian agents, in the Sinophone and Tibetophone world in particular.
{"title":"Introduction: Buddhists and the Making of Modern Chinese Societies","authors":"Francesca Tarocco","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1247959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1247959","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding author: Francesca Tarocco, New York University Shanghai. Email: ft21@nyu.edu This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ISSN 1527-6457 (online). The special focus of this issue of the Journal of Global Buddhism is on the role of Buddhists and Buddhist-inspired practices and ideas in (Greater) China in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Drawing connections between the preand post-1949 periods in the Chinese-speaking world and between both sides of the Taiwan straits, all contributors pay close attention to history and historiography. They examine trans-regional and global processes of influence and conflict, bridging contemporary theory, comparative religious studies, and ethnography. The formation of Buddhist and Chinese modernities is seen through the lens of a process of interaction between Buddhist and non-Buddhist agents and Asian and non-Asian agents, in the Sinophone and Tibetophone world in particular.","PeriodicalId":37110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Buddhism","volume":"18 1","pages":"68-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45840297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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