Heritage and historical buildings often face climate vulnerabilities, decay of technical performance and energy inefficiency that threaten their use and consequently their long-term preservation. Due to urban densification and escalating energy consumption, addressing these vulnerabilities is crucial to protect, rehabilitate and keeping in use historical buildings in cities and utilizing renewable energy sources like solar energy should have a pivotal role towards sustainable cities and communities. However, integrating solar technology into historical buildings faces unique challenges mainly because of the significance, non-standard construction methods adopted, and the valuable original materials. Norway, with its Climate Action Plan and a substantial portion of cultural historic buildings in its building stock, aims to significantly reduce emissions and is seeking for novel solutions. This paper discusses challenges and barriers associated with adoption of solar energy in high-sensitive built environment in Norway, through a scoping review. The results outline conservation criteria as challenges, which include viability, feasibility, integration, reversibility, compatibility, reliability and safety, non-invasiveness, and acceptability. Additionally, the review identifies barriers such as economic, geographic, technical, conservative, legislative, and social factors. Initially, the frequency with which these challenges and barriers appear in academic papers is examined. Subsequently, the interconnections between these challenges and barriers are explored to assess their specific impacts within the Norwegian context. Recognizing these challenges and understanding their interconnection can represent the strength of the relationship between them and can allow to identify potential solutions and strategies to support stakeholders, experts, or public authorities for successfully implementation and integration of solar energy systems in high-sensitive built environments in the future.
{"title":"Enhancing the deployment of solar energy in Norwegian high-sensitive built environments: challenges and barriers—a scoping review","authors":"Tahmineh Akbarinejad, Esther Machlein, Chiara Bertolin, Gabriele Lobaccaro, Alenka Temeljotov Salaj","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1285127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1285127","url":null,"abstract":"Heritage and historical buildings often face climate vulnerabilities, decay of technical performance and energy inefficiency that threaten their use and consequently their long-term preservation. Due to urban densification and escalating energy consumption, addressing these vulnerabilities is crucial to protect, rehabilitate and keeping in use historical buildings in cities and utilizing renewable energy sources like solar energy should have a pivotal role towards sustainable cities and communities. However, integrating solar technology into historical buildings faces unique challenges mainly because of the significance, non-standard construction methods adopted, and the valuable original materials. Norway, with its Climate Action Plan and a substantial portion of cultural historic buildings in its building stock, aims to significantly reduce emissions and is seeking for novel solutions. This paper discusses challenges and barriers associated with adoption of solar energy in high-sensitive built environment in Norway, through a scoping review. The results outline conservation criteria as challenges, which include viability, feasibility, integration, reversibility, compatibility, reliability and safety, non-invasiveness, and acceptability. Additionally, the review identifies barriers such as economic, geographic, technical, conservative, legislative, and social factors. Initially, the frequency with which these challenges and barriers appear in academic papers is examined. Subsequently, the interconnections between these challenges and barriers are explored to assess their specific impacts within the Norwegian context. Recognizing these challenges and understanding their interconnection can represent the strength of the relationship between them and can allow to identify potential solutions and strategies to support stakeholders, experts, or public authorities for successfully implementation and integration of solar energy systems in high-sensitive built environments in the future.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"31 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134907503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1255762
Chamroeun Se, Thanapong Champahom, Wimon Laphrom, Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao, Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha
Introduction: This research aims to identify and understand the risk factors associated with injury severities in accidents occurring at highway–rail grade crossings in the context of the developing country, Thailand. Method: The mixed logit model was employed by analyzing crash data over 10 years, from 2012 to 2022. Results: The analysis revealed a number of significant factors associated with severe or fatal crashes. These included accidents that occurred between midnight and 6 a.m., collisions involving pickup cars or heavy trucks, roads with a “no overtaking zone” sign, intersections classified as Type B1 (defined by the presence of only warning posts and horizontal crossing barriers), and intersections without adequate traffic control devices. In contrast, hazard markers on pavements and traverse rumble strips were positively correlated with property damage only crashes, where no injuries were reported. Discussion: This study provides insights into contributory factors to accidents at highway–rail grade crossing. Based on these key findings, the study recommends increasing nighttime visibility at railway grade crossings, developing targeted education and training programs for pickup car and truck drivers, installing hazard markers and traverse rumble strips, and considering physical barriers, such as bollards or delineators, to discourage overtaking maneuvers near the railway crossing.
{"title":"Analysis of factors influencing crash injury severities at highway–rail grade crossings accommodating for unobserved heterogeneity","authors":"Chamroeun Se, Thanapong Champahom, Wimon Laphrom, Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao, Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1255762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1255762","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This research aims to identify and understand the risk factors associated with injury severities in accidents occurring at highway–rail grade crossings in the context of the developing country, Thailand. Method: The mixed logit model was employed by analyzing crash data over 10 years, from 2012 to 2022. Results: The analysis revealed a number of significant factors associated with severe or fatal crashes. These included accidents that occurred between midnight and 6 a.m., collisions involving pickup cars or heavy trucks, roads with a “no overtaking zone” sign, intersections classified as Type B1 (defined by the presence of only warning posts and horizontal crossing barriers), and intersections without adequate traffic control devices. In contrast, hazard markers on pavements and traverse rumble strips were positively correlated with property damage only crashes, where no injuries were reported. Discussion: This study provides insights into contributory factors to accidents at highway–rail grade crossing. Based on these key findings, the study recommends increasing nighttime visibility at railway grade crossings, developing targeted education and training programs for pickup car and truck drivers, installing hazard markers and traverse rumble strips, and considering physical barriers, such as bollards or delineators, to discourage overtaking maneuvers near the railway crossing.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"18 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135366485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1320150
Naida Ademović, E. N. Farsangi, M. Hadzima-Nyarko, Antonio Formisano, Daniel V. Oliveira
{"title":"Editorial: Seismic resilience, vulnerability and energy efficiency in respect of climate change","authors":"Naida Ademović, E. N. Farsangi, M. Hadzima-Nyarko, Antonio Formisano, Daniel V. Oliveira","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1320150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1320150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1282251
Julio Alberto Calderón Ramírez, Itzel Núñez López, Leonel Gabriel García Gómez, Marco Antonio Montoya Alcaraz
Road safety is a global issue, as each year more than 1.25 million people die in traffic accidents, and between 20 and 50 million suffer non-fatal injuries. Road Safety Audits (RSA) are implemented in different countries around the world. These audits involve a systematic process that includes an analysis to ensure that existing or future roads meet optimal safety criteria. In this context, the objective of this research is to identify the main guidelines applied in RSA through a literature review conducted using the PRISMA-ScR methodology. After grouping the guidelines, the ten most used worldwide are obtained, with four of them related to the human factor and six related to the road factor. The guidelines with the highest usage are those related to geometric design, signage, and safety devices. Finally, it is concluded that despite road accidents being an international issue faced by all countries, there is no clear or standardized methodology for the application of these audits. In other words, each country adopts its own method or checklist as a support tool for the team of auditors conducting RSA.
{"title":"Main guidelines in road safety audits: a literature review","authors":"Julio Alberto Calderón Ramírez, Itzel Núñez López, Leonel Gabriel García Gómez, Marco Antonio Montoya Alcaraz","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1282251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1282251","url":null,"abstract":"Road safety is a global issue, as each year more than 1.25 million people die in traffic accidents, and between 20 and 50 million suffer non-fatal injuries. Road Safety Audits (RSA) are implemented in different countries around the world. These audits involve a systematic process that includes an analysis to ensure that existing or future roads meet optimal safety criteria. In this context, the objective of this research is to identify the main guidelines applied in RSA through a literature review conducted using the PRISMA-ScR methodology. After grouping the guidelines, the ten most used worldwide are obtained, with four of them related to the human factor and six related to the road factor. The guidelines with the highest usage are those related to geometric design, signage, and safety devices. Finally, it is concluded that despite road accidents being an international issue faced by all countries, there is no clear or standardized methodology for the application of these audits. In other words, each country adopts its own method or checklist as a support tool for the team of auditors conducting RSA.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1286933
David Briels, Mauritz Renz, Ahmad Saleem Nouman, Alexander Straßer, Maximilian Hechtl, Maximilian Dahlenburg, Bruno Knychalla, Patrick Sonnleitner, Friedrich Herding, Julia Fleckenstein, Ema Krakovská, Kathrin Dörfler, Thomas Auer
Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers transformative opportunities to create functionally hybridized, insulating, monolithic AM wall elements. The novel fabrication methods of AM allow for the production of highly differentiated building components with intricate internal and external geometries, aiming for reduced material use while integrating and enhancing building performance features including thermal insulation performance. This study focuses on integrating such thermal insulation performance by leveraging the individual features of three distinct AM processes: Selective Paste Intrusion (SPI), Selective Cement Activation (SCA), and Extrusion 3D Concrete Printing (E3DCP). Using a simulation-based parametric design approach, this research investigates 4,500 variations of monolithic AM façade elements derived from a generative hexagonal cell layout with differing wall widths, the three respective AM processes, different material compositions with and without lightweight aggregates, and three different insulation strategies, namely, air-filled cells, encapsulated lightweight aggregates, and additional insulation material within the cavities. Thermal performance feedback is realized via 2D heat flux simulations embedded into a parametric design workflow, and structural performance is considered in a simplified way via geometric and material-specific evaluation. The overall research goal is a multi-objective design optimization, particularly identifying façade configurations that achieve a U-value of less than 0.28 W/m 2 K and a theoretical compressive strength exceeding 2.70 MN per meter wall length. The results of this study detect 7% of all generated variations in line with these thermal and structural requirements, validating the feasibility of monolithic, thermally insulating AM wall elements. The presented workflow contributes to exploiting the potential of a new design of functionally hybridized AM components.
{"title":"Monolithic AM façade: multi-objective parametric design optimization of additively manufactured insulating wall elements","authors":"David Briels, Mauritz Renz, Ahmad Saleem Nouman, Alexander Straßer, Maximilian Hechtl, Maximilian Dahlenburg, Bruno Knychalla, Patrick Sonnleitner, Friedrich Herding, Julia Fleckenstein, Ema Krakovská, Kathrin Dörfler, Thomas Auer","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1286933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1286933","url":null,"abstract":"Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers transformative opportunities to create functionally hybridized, insulating, monolithic AM wall elements. The novel fabrication methods of AM allow for the production of highly differentiated building components with intricate internal and external geometries, aiming for reduced material use while integrating and enhancing building performance features including thermal insulation performance. This study focuses on integrating such thermal insulation performance by leveraging the individual features of three distinct AM processes: Selective Paste Intrusion (SPI), Selective Cement Activation (SCA), and Extrusion 3D Concrete Printing (E3DCP). Using a simulation-based parametric design approach, this research investigates 4,500 variations of monolithic AM façade elements derived from a generative hexagonal cell layout with differing wall widths, the three respective AM processes, different material compositions with and without lightweight aggregates, and three different insulation strategies, namely, air-filled cells, encapsulated lightweight aggregates, and additional insulation material within the cavities. Thermal performance feedback is realized via 2D heat flux simulations embedded into a parametric design workflow, and structural performance is considered in a simplified way via geometric and material-specific evaluation. The overall research goal is a multi-objective design optimization, particularly identifying façade configurations that achieve a U-value of less than 0.28 W/m 2 K and a theoretical compressive strength exceeding 2.70 MN per meter wall length. The results of this study detect 7% of all generated variations in line with these thermal and structural requirements, validating the feasibility of monolithic, thermally insulating AM wall elements. The presented workflow contributes to exploiting the potential of a new design of functionally hybridized AM components.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135995342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1202091
Phillip Haag, Hans Christian Jünger
Construction logistics is an influential participant in the overall urban freight network and a bottle neck for an efficient construction process. Especially in the urban area professionalization of its management may reduce negative impacts on the environment from which stakeholders, like construction companies, policymakers and residents, do profit. In order to shed light on construction logistics in the urban environment in particular, a two-step methodological approach was pursued, which reconciles scientific findings with consideration in policies for the first time. Therefore, the current state of research was investigated by performing a systematic literature review and applying bibliometric keyword co-occurrence analyses in the first place. Moreover, policy papers (grey literature) on urban freight transportation of the 20 biggest cities in the DACH-region (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) were analyzed for their consideration of construction logistics in an initial case study. The results demonstrate limited consideration with only four cities paying deliberate attention within their overall logistics policy concepts and just one city providing construction logistics-specific policy recommendations. This is in line with the findings that although construction logistics in the urban environment is an emerging topic in academia, it is currently underrepresented in the context of urban logistics research. Therefore, combined results suggest insufficient translation of research findings into actionable policies despite existing literature providing possible ways to design future policies, e.g., by supporting decision-making. In conclusion, strategic management of construction logistics in the urban environment should be paid more attention to from both policy and academia in proportion to its environmental and socio-economic effects as well as its impact on the whole construction process. In that regard, predominately robust empirical data is needed in order to legitimate effective and sustainable concepts for urban construction logistics for both public and private actors.
{"title":"Turning a spotlight on construction logistics for a sustainable urban environment—a review of current policy concepts and literature","authors":"Phillip Haag, Hans Christian Jünger","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1202091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1202091","url":null,"abstract":"Construction logistics is an influential participant in the overall urban freight network and a bottle neck for an efficient construction process. Especially in the urban area professionalization of its management may reduce negative impacts on the environment from which stakeholders, like construction companies, policymakers and residents, do profit. In order to shed light on construction logistics in the urban environment in particular, a two-step methodological approach was pursued, which reconciles scientific findings with consideration in policies for the first time. Therefore, the current state of research was investigated by performing a systematic literature review and applying bibliometric keyword co-occurrence analyses in the first place. Moreover, policy papers (grey literature) on urban freight transportation of the 20 biggest cities in the DACH-region (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) were analyzed for their consideration of construction logistics in an initial case study. The results demonstrate limited consideration with only four cities paying deliberate attention within their overall logistics policy concepts and just one city providing construction logistics-specific policy recommendations. This is in line with the findings that although construction logistics in the urban environment is an emerging topic in academia, it is currently underrepresented in the context of urban logistics research. Therefore, combined results suggest insufficient translation of research findings into actionable policies despite existing literature providing possible ways to design future policies, e.g., by supporting decision-making. In conclusion, strategic management of construction logistics in the urban environment should be paid more attention to from both policy and academia in proportion to its environmental and socio-economic effects as well as its impact on the whole construction process. In that regard, predominately robust empirical data is needed in order to legitimate effective and sustainable concepts for urban construction logistics for both public and private actors.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1287483
Audun Flaget Aasen, Ole Jonny Klakegg
The construction industry will need to change to enhance performance and deliver more with less. This paper investigates how social science perspectives may help addressing challenges associated with enforced transformation. We turned to a leading construction company in Norway to study the role of human resilience and cultural understanding in the construction industry’s ability to adapt to new technologies and practices. Results from a comprehensive survey with 541 respondents are analyzed and discussed against three concepts from literature: culture, resilience, and psychological safety. The results show that the consequences of enforced changes are perceived differently by different groups in the organization. Management teams found stronger impact of COVID-19, and they are more likely to carry forward changes into the future. We found confirmation that older employees and those with long experience found the effect to be stronger and more detrimental than younger. We also found that experienced individuals perceived communication and collaboration to worsen over the enforced change. However, the organizational culture represents a stabilizing force and individuals demonstrated resilience facing uncertainty. Team role affiliations also influence how people perceive the consequences. Therefore, organizations should carefully consider team dynamics and individual experience levels in their change management strategies. New technologies can enhance collaboration and communication if the organization also strengthen psychological safety, trust, and involvement. The resulting effect might be the best path for project-based organizations to adapt and reshape for the digital era.
{"title":"Human resilience and cultural change in the construction industry: communication and relationships in a time of enforced adaptation","authors":"Audun Flaget Aasen, Ole Jonny Klakegg","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1287483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1287483","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry will need to change to enhance performance and deliver more with less. This paper investigates how social science perspectives may help addressing challenges associated with enforced transformation. We turned to a leading construction company in Norway to study the role of human resilience and cultural understanding in the construction industry’s ability to adapt to new technologies and practices. Results from a comprehensive survey with 541 respondents are analyzed and discussed against three concepts from literature: culture, resilience, and psychological safety. The results show that the consequences of enforced changes are perceived differently by different groups in the organization. Management teams found stronger impact of COVID-19, and they are more likely to carry forward changes into the future. We found confirmation that older employees and those with long experience found the effect to be stronger and more detrimental than younger. We also found that experienced individuals perceived communication and collaboration to worsen over the enforced change. However, the organizational culture represents a stabilizing force and individuals demonstrated resilience facing uncertainty. Team role affiliations also influence how people perceive the consequences. Therefore, organizations should carefully consider team dynamics and individual experience levels in their change management strategies. New technologies can enhance collaboration and communication if the organization also strengthen psychological safety, trust, and involvement. The resulting effect might be the best path for project-based organizations to adapt and reshape for the digital era.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1286484
Robby Yussac Tallar
Most literature on geomorphology, hydraulics, or stream ecology contained either no mention or a brief description of stream islands, the process, the development, or the ecological advantages provided. Due to a lack of information, research, and related data, there were no stream island indexes available to indicate the stream island status. Motivated by this fact, the objective of this study is to develop a conceptual design for a Stream Island Index (SII) as a template for physical habitat complexity assessment in stream restoration projects. Specific purposes included: 1) to examine stream island conceptual models; 2) to develop obvious and comprehensive explanations for stream island development by considering attributes from the geomorphic, hydraulic, and ecological perspectives. This study used the AHP method for screening and selecting attributes, transforming and developing sub-indices, assigning weights, and formulating an index. The conclusion is an SII that combines the measures of selected physical habitat quality indicators to produce a single dimensionless number, and a novel approach to communicate information on stream island quality status to the public and related policymakers. It seems essential that a serious attempt be developed to design a system that can identify the overall stream island condition. Once a generalized stream island system is set up as a controlling framework, supplementary indexes for specific purposes and locations can be added. Therefore, the SII is a promising new tool for stream restoration practitioners, and it has the potential to make a significant contribution to improving the success of stream restoration projects.
{"title":"The conceptual design of a stream island index for physical habitat complexity assessment in stream restoration projects","authors":"Robby Yussac Tallar","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1286484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1286484","url":null,"abstract":"Most literature on geomorphology, hydraulics, or stream ecology contained either no mention or a brief description of stream islands, the process, the development, or the ecological advantages provided. Due to a lack of information, research, and related data, there were no stream island indexes available to indicate the stream island status. Motivated by this fact, the objective of this study is to develop a conceptual design for a Stream Island Index (SII) as a template for physical habitat complexity assessment in stream restoration projects. Specific purposes included: 1) to examine stream island conceptual models; 2) to develop obvious and comprehensive explanations for stream island development by considering attributes from the geomorphic, hydraulic, and ecological perspectives. This study used the AHP method for screening and selecting attributes, transforming and developing sub-indices, assigning weights, and formulating an index. The conclusion is an SII that combines the measures of selected physical habitat quality indicators to produce a single dimensionless number, and a novel approach to communicate information on stream island quality status to the public and related policymakers. It seems essential that a serious attempt be developed to design a system that can identify the overall stream island condition. Once a generalized stream island system is set up as a controlling framework, supplementary indexes for specific purposes and locations can be added. Therefore, the SII is a promising new tool for stream restoration practitioners, and it has the potential to make a significant contribution to improving the success of stream restoration projects.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1282684
Mengchao Xu, Di Hou, Xiaoshuang Li, Jiawen Wang, Menglai Wang, Shujian Li
Introduction: Taking Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. Kunyang Phosphate Mine No. 2 as the engineering background, this study aims to explore mining methods for deep ore bodies in phosphorus mines. Three mining schemes, namely open-pit mining, open-pit deep concave mining, and underground mining, were carefully selected for optimization. This article thoroughly analyzes the three schemes from various perspectives, including technical, economic, safety, and other aspects. Methods: The assessment of these aspects was conducted using the entropy weighted TOPSIS method. The technical aspects focused on evaluating the mining methods employed in each scheme. The economic aspects considered factors such as initial investment, resource recovery rate, phosphate content, production scale, infrastructure, and mining costs. Safety aspects took into account transportation safety and production safety. Additionally, the analysis considered environmental impact as one of the key factors. In total, 10 indicators were quantified to provide a comprehensive evaluation. To assess the schemes, the positive and negative ideal distances (D i + , D i − ) and the relative proximity (C i ) for open-pit mining, open-pit deep concave mining, and open-pit to underground mining were calculated. These calculations helped to determine the relative performance of each scheme. Results: The relative closeness values (C i ) for Scheme 1, Scheme 2, and Scheme 3 are determined as 1.00, 0.09, and 0.68, respectively.The evaluation results indicate that the relative closeness (C i ) for open-pit mining in Scheme 1 is 1.00, for open-pit deep concave mining in Scheme 2 is 0.09, and for underground mining in Scheme 3 is 0.68. Through comparison and analysis of these results, it can be concluded that open-pit mining is the most optimal method. However, considering the fact that the open-pit portion of Kunyang Phosphate Mine No. 2 has already been extensively mined, the study recommends underground mining as the best mining plan for the phosphate mine. Discussion: By applying the entropy weight TOPSIS method to underground mining, this study overcomes the challenge of transitioning from qualitative to quantitative analysis for selecting mining methods. The mathematical approach enables the presentation of optimal mining techniques in a more precise manner. Through comparison of relative closeness, an optimal solution can be selected. This method holds significant value not only for selecting suitable mining methods for phosphorus mines but also for choosing optimal solutions for underground mining methods, drainage, ventilation, and other relevant considerations.
{"title":"Optimization of mining methods for deep orebody of large phosphate mines","authors":"Mengchao Xu, Di Hou, Xiaoshuang Li, Jiawen Wang, Menglai Wang, Shujian Li","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2023.1282684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1282684","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Taking Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. Kunyang Phosphate Mine No. 2 as the engineering background, this study aims to explore mining methods for deep ore bodies in phosphorus mines. Three mining schemes, namely open-pit mining, open-pit deep concave mining, and underground mining, were carefully selected for optimization. This article thoroughly analyzes the three schemes from various perspectives, including technical, economic, safety, and other aspects. Methods: The assessment of these aspects was conducted using the entropy weighted TOPSIS method. The technical aspects focused on evaluating the mining methods employed in each scheme. The economic aspects considered factors such as initial investment, resource recovery rate, phosphate content, production scale, infrastructure, and mining costs. Safety aspects took into account transportation safety and production safety. Additionally, the analysis considered environmental impact as one of the key factors. In total, 10 indicators were quantified to provide a comprehensive evaluation. To assess the schemes, the positive and negative ideal distances (D i + , D i − ) and the relative proximity (C i ) for open-pit mining, open-pit deep concave mining, and open-pit to underground mining were calculated. These calculations helped to determine the relative performance of each scheme. Results: The relative closeness values (C i ) for Scheme 1, Scheme 2, and Scheme 3 are determined as 1.00, 0.09, and 0.68, respectively.The evaluation results indicate that the relative closeness (C i ) for open-pit mining in Scheme 1 is 1.00, for open-pit deep concave mining in Scheme 2 is 0.09, and for underground mining in Scheme 3 is 0.68. Through comparison and analysis of these results, it can be concluded that open-pit mining is the most optimal method. However, considering the fact that the open-pit portion of Kunyang Phosphate Mine No. 2 has already been extensively mined, the study recommends underground mining as the best mining plan for the phosphate mine. Discussion: By applying the entropy weight TOPSIS method to underground mining, this study overcomes the challenge of transitioning from qualitative to quantitative analysis for selecting mining methods. The mathematical approach enables the presentation of optimal mining techniques in a more precise manner. Through comparison of relative closeness, an optimal solution can be selected. This method holds significant value not only for selecting suitable mining methods for phosphorus mines but also for choosing optimal solutions for underground mining methods, drainage, ventilation, and other relevant considerations.","PeriodicalId":37112,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Built Environment","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135854434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2023.1271889
Yang Ye, Yi Huang, Shuqi Li
The study of the relationship between sustainable built environment and user perception has often taken a single perspective, displaying neither a holistic view of the relationship nor a systematic and refined grasp of the research content previously. This has resulted in a biased understanding of the two research objects and their respective measurement methods and made it difficult to develop synergies. In this context, this paper summarises the current research hotspots and trends in the relationship between sustainable built environment and user perception through CiteSpace quantitative analyses such as keyword co-occurrence networks, emergent word detection, and disciplinary re-clustering, and takes a multidisciplinary perspective to focus on relevant research in public health, environmental science, and architecture and urban design, such as the progress of research between sustainable built environment and users in physical activity, environmental cognition, and image perception. The results show that in the environmental science field, environmental cognition is the core, based on the study of users’ direct perception of sustainable built environment and its externalisation in the expression of behaviours. The public health field and the architecture and urban design field are dominated by the study of perceptual outcomes. There is a trend towards big data as a measurement tool for research subjects in all fields with a multidisciplinary perspective and the inclusion of more disciplines can produce more meaningful research results. The study provides a framework for research into the relationship between the two from a broader perspective and provides guidance for future multidisciplinary research, with implications for the construction of high-quality human-centred urban spatial environments.
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