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The Ends of Modernization最新文献

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1. The Alliance for Progress on the Doubtful Strait 1. 疑海峡进步联盟
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1515/9781501756221-003
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引用次数: 0
The Alliance for Progress on the Doubtful Strait 疑海峡进步联盟
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0002
D. J. Lee
This chapter starts by outlining the origins of the Alliance for Progress in Latin American ideas and political networks. It discusses the earliest version of the Alliance and how they promoted drastic political and economic change as an antidote to the spreading of a Cuban revolutionary model. US planners originally hoped to overturn the Nicaraguan government after fostering regime change in Cuba and the Dominican Republic, building on the efforts of Latin America's anticommunist democratic movement. When these initiatives faltered, Nicaragua became a key site for new programs to manage political and economic development built around the Central American Common Market (CACM). The chapter then assesses the implications of the promotion of regional development to regime change and analyzes how US programs work to integrate Nicaraguan elites by using community and regional development programs to win Conservative support for the Liberal-controlled central government. The chapter then looks at the impact of the election of Anastasio Somoza Debayle and the 1967 massacre in Managua and how it led many elite Nicaraguans to turn to the more radical politics promoted by the Cuba-inspired Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN).
本章首先概述了拉丁美洲思想和政治网络中的进步联盟的起源。它讨论了该联盟的最早版本,以及他们如何推动激烈的政治和经济变革,以应对古巴革命模式的传播。在拉丁美洲反共民主运动的基础上,美国计划者最初希望在推动古巴和多米尼加共和国政权更迭后,推翻尼加拉瓜政府。当这些倡议步履蹒跚时,尼加拉瓜成为围绕中美洲共同市场(ccam)管理政治和经济发展的新项目的关键地点。然后,本章评估了促进地区发展对政权更迭的影响,并分析了美国的计划是如何通过利用社区和地区发展计划来赢得保守党对自由党控制的中央政府的支持,从而整合尼加拉瓜精英的。这一章接着探讨了阿纳斯塔西奥·索莫扎·德巴耶(Anastasio Somoza Debayle)的当选和1967年马那瓜大屠杀的影响,以及它如何导致许多尼加拉瓜精英转向古巴启发的Liberación民族阵线(FSLN)所推动的更激进的政治。
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引用次数: 0
Decentering Managua
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0003
D. J. Lee
This chapter looks at the aftermath of the 1972 earthquake that destroyed Managua. It demonstrates how the planners, who implemented Managua's reconstruction, planned a new city modeled on US urban space even though the US government under President Nixon turned away from the developmental premises of the Alliance for Progress. The plan for a decentralized metropolis created an unlikely consensus: US planners, many of whom were less comfortable than Nixon with Somoza's dictatorship, as well as Nicaragua's anti-Somoza opposition, believed that decentralization could diminish the power of the dictator, while Somoza and his staunchest supporters in the United States believed that the tools of urban planning would cement the dictator's economic and political control. The chapter then examines how the new city cemented an alliance of Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional radicals with Nicaragua's anti-Somoza elite.
本章着眼于1972年摧毁马那瓜的地震的后果。它展示了实施马那瓜重建的规划者是如何按照美国城市空间规划一个新城市的,尽管尼克松总统领导下的美国政府背离了“进步联盟”的发展前提。分散大都市的计划创造了一个不太可能的共识:美国的规划者,他们中的许多人对索莫扎的独裁统治以及尼加拉瓜的反索莫扎反对派都不太满意,他们认为分散可以削弱独裁者的权力,而索莫扎和他在美国最坚定的支持者则认为城市规划的工具将巩固独裁者的经济和政治控制。这一章接着探讨了这座新城市是如何巩固桑地诺阵线Liberación民族激进分子与尼加拉瓜反索莫扎精英的联盟的。
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引用次数: 0
Index 指数
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1515/9781501756221-012
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引用次数: 0
6. Institutionalized Precarity in Postwar Nicaragua 6. 战后尼加拉瓜制度化的不稳定性
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1515/9781501756221-008
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引用次数: 0
Frontmatter
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1515/9781501756221-fm
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引用次数: 0
Epilogue 后记
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1515/9781501756221-009
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引用次数: 0
Institutionalized Precarity in Postwar Nicaragua 战后尼加拉瓜制度化的不稳定性
Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0007
D. J. Lee
This chapter evaluates the conflicts between the US and Nicaraguan visions of political and economic development amid global post-Cold War transformation. It looks at the United States' new doctrines of sustainable development and their plans for Nicaragua as a prototypical neoliberal republic after the 1990 election brought an end to the revolutionary order. With the country's changing economic and political horizons, the transition generated local forms of adaptation to structural transformation, as elites used the Latin American model of concertación to manage local conflict in the face of US power. The chapter then uncovers the fractious nature of US power which brought new forms of intervention as dissident elements in the United States and Nicaragua rejected concertación and attempted to turn back the revolution. The chapter then examines how the United States' new forms of intervention to oversee local politics institutionalize new forms of precarity in the new post-development world.
本章评估了冷战后全球转型中美国与尼加拉瓜政治和经济发展愿景之间的冲突。它着眼于美国关于可持续发展的新理论,以及他们在1990年大选结束革命秩序后将尼加拉瓜作为一个典型的新自由主义共和国的计划。随着国家经济和政治视野的变化,转型产生了适应结构转型的地方形式,因为精英们使用拉丁美洲的concertación模式来管理面对美国力量的地方冲突。这一章揭示了美国权力的难以驾驭的本质,它带来了新的干预形式,因为美国和尼加拉瓜的持不同政见者拒绝concertación并试图扭转革命。然后,本章探讨了美国监督地方政治的新形式的干预如何使新的后发展世界中的新形式的不稳定性制度化。
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引用次数: 0
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The Ends of Modernization
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