Child Health Nursing Research最新文献

Purpose: The majority of adolescents use smartphones, and their overdependence on smartphones has emerged as a serious social issue. Although studies have explored the effect of smartphone overdependence on adolescent problem behaviors, research on its influence on sexual behavior is scarce. This study aimed to examine the association between smartphone overdependence and sexual behavior among adolescents.

Methods: This study used data from the 19th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey conducted in 2023. Smartphone overdependence was the independent variable, and sexual behaviors (sexual intercourse and contraceptive use) were the dependent variables. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to control for confounding variables.

Results: The study participants included 52,880 adolescents aged 13-18 years. Among them, 28.0% (n=14,672) were classified as smartphone overdependent, 6.5% (n=3,349) had sexual experience, and 65% (n=2,182) of those with sexual experience reported using contraception. Smartphone overdependence was not significantly associated with sexual experience but was significantly associated with contraceptive use. Adolescents in the non-overdependent group were 1.27 times more likely to use contraception than those in the smartphone overdependent group (95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.52; p<.007).

Conclusion: The findings highlight a significant association between smartphone overdependence and contraceptive use among adolescents. Policy interventions and educational strategies that consider adolescents' smartphone usage patterns and trait factors are necessary.

Purpose: This study explored the threat and efficacy factors influencing children's eye health behaviors using an Extended Parallel Process Model for parents of preschool children.

Methods: Data were collected from October 30 to November 6, 2023, using a web-based survey. In total, 166 parents of preschool children participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses. Parents' eye health knowledge, eye health threat factors (perceived severity and susceptibility), and eye health efficacy factors (self-efficacy and response efficacy) related to preschoolers were measured. Eye health behavior was assessed by observing the children's behavior over the past week.

Results: The eye health behaviors of preschool children were positively correlated with their parents' eye health knowledge (r=.21, p=.006), perceived severity (r=.22, p=.004), response efficacy (r=.36, p<.001), and self-efficacy (r=.64, p<.001). Children's eye health behavior showed a negative correlation with perceived susceptibility (r=-.27, p<.001). As seen on multiple regression analysis, the factor influencing children's eye health behavior was self-efficacy (β=.57, p<.001), and the model's explanatory power was approximately 43% (F=24.09, p<.001).

Conclusion: To promote eye health behavior in preschool children, it is necessary to strengthen the self-efficacy of parents. The results of this study can be used to develop eye health programs for preschool children and their parents.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association among various adolescent problem behaviors in South Korea, focusing on gender differences.

Methods: This secondary analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from the 19th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, conducted in 2023 which included 52,880 middle and high school students in South Korea. They completed an anonymous self-administered survey regarding problem behaviors (drinking alcohol, smoking, drugs use, and sexual experiences). Data were analyzed using complex-samples chi-square and multiple logistic regression models.

Results: Among the 52,880 adolescents, the prevalence rates of alcohol use, smoking, drug use, and sexual experiences were 32.6%, 8.6%, 1.7%, and 6.5%, respectively. Gender differences were observed in alcohol use complex-samples multiple logistic regression models. However, no significant gender difference was found in drug use (p=.250). Four problem behaviors were significantly associated with one other when analyzed as independent variables (odds ratio [OR], 1.33-10.85). The strongest associations were found between alcohol use and smoking (OR, 10.49-10.85), and between smoking and sexual experiences (OR, 4.91-4.96).

Conclusion: This study found significant gender differences in adolescent problem behaviors, with male adolescents exhibiting higher rates of alcohol use, smoking, and sexual experience. Strong associations were observed between alcohol use and smoking, as well as between smoking and sexual experience. These findings suggest the need for integrated intervention strategies that target multiple co-occurring problem behaviors.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the health promotion behavior of school-aged children informed by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 209 fifth- and sixth-grade elementary school students from Seoul, selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected from March 13 to 31, 2023, using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included validated tools that measured health literacy, attitude toward health behaviors, social support, self-efficacy, and health promotion behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression, using IBM SPSS/WIN ver. 29.0.

Results: The factors influencing the health promotion behavior of school-aged children were social support (β=.43, p<.001), attitude toward health behaviors (β=.27, p<.001), interest in health (high interest group) (β=.14, p=.003), self-efficacy (β=.13, p=.014), and health literacy (β=.10, p=.026). The explanatory power of the model was 63% (F=68.37, p<.001).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is highly recommended to develop and apply health education and health promotion programs that consider health literacy, attitude toward health behaviors, social support, self-efficacy, and interest in health to foster school-aged children's health promotion behavior.

Purpose: The role of local children's centers is becoming more important as after-school care expands to South Korean elementary schools. As elementary school years are the time when children grow into healthy adults. Children in this period must grow with a feeling of happiness. The purpose of this study is to understand and explain the meaning of happiness experiences of elementary school students receiving community child care services, and to expand and apply nursing knowledge to child care at community child care centers through their happiness experiences.

Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with 21 elementary school students who received program services at local children's centers for more than 1 year. Participants conducted 1:1 depth interview. The interviews were analyzed by dividing them into themes.

Results: Finally, five themes and 14 sub-themes were organized. The five themes were derived as "feeling of freedom and joy," "healthy and pleasant feeling from being cared for," "feeling smart and competent," "feeling loved by someone special," "feeling well-adjusted to school life." This conclusion means that participants experience autonomy and enjoyment in daycare centers, positive care, strengthen emotional bonds, and help them adapt well to school.

Conclusion: The participants in this study expressed happiness in various meanings at local children's centers. This thesis informed that it is important for local children's centers to prioritize children's happiness for education and care for children. This paper will contribute to society by presenting a nursing perspective on the development of community children's centers.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify predictive factors affecting adolescents' subjective happiness using data from the 2023 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. A random forest model was applied to determine the strongest predictive factors, and its predictive performance was compared with traditional regression models.

Methods: Responses from a total of 44,320 students from grades 7 to 12 were analyzed. Data pre-processing involved handling missing values and selecting variables to construct an optimal dataset. The random forest model was employed for prediction, and SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) analysis was used to assess variable importance.

Results: The random forest model demonstrated a stable predictive performance, with an R2 of .37. Mental and physical health factors were found to significantly affect subjective happiness. Adolescents' subjective happiness was most strongly influenced by perceived stress, perceived health, experiences of loneliness, generalized anxiety disorder, suicidal ideation, economic status, fatigue recovery from sleep, and academic performance.

Conclusion: This study highlights the utility of machine learning in identifying factors influencing adolescents' subjective happiness, addressing limitations of traditional regression approaches. These findings underscore the need for multidimensional interventions to improve mental and physical health, reduce stress and loneliness, and provide integrated support from schools and communities to enhance adolescents' subjective happiness.

Purpose: To describe the process of systematically developing an integrated health promotion program for school-age children from vulnerable families.

Methods: In this study, we applied the first three steps-analysis, design, and development (ADD)-of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model. The analysis step involved a literature review and needs assessment. In the design step, program components were considered and a program draft was developed. The program content was modified based on expert validation in the development step. The preliminary program was administered in the implementation step, and the final program was confirmed in the evaluation step.

Results: The program contents were based on the literature review, needs assessment, and Ryan's integrated theory of health behavior change. The content was valid, and the educational material was appropriate for school-age children from vulnerable families. The finalized program consists of six sessions to promote physical, psychological, and social health using individual/group and face-to-face/online methods, including two that involve both parents and children.

Conclusion: This study presents a detailed description of how the program was developed and illustrates the critical elements that should be considered during similar program development. The effect of this program on health promotion behavior should be examined in future research.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the relationship between future core nursing competencies and key variables, identifying factors influencing these competencies among senior nursing students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 third- and fourth-year nursing students in South Korea. Based on King's Dynamic Interaction System Model, perceived work value and individual innovative behavior were categorized as personal systems, interpersonal competence as an interpersonal system, and adhocracy culture as a social system. Participants completed self-reported online questionnaires to assess factors influencing future core nursing competencies.

Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis identified interpersonal competency (β=0.32, p=.012) and adhocracy culture (β=0.23, p=.010) as significant predictors of future core nursing competency explaining 30.9% of the variance.

Conclusion: Enhancing future core nursing competency among senior nursing students requires continuous education and counseling programs to strengthen interpersonal competency. Establishing an adhocracy culture involves recognizing creative ideas, fostering open communication for freely expressing ideas, and encouraging innovation. Therefore, developing interpersonal competence and promoting an adhocracy culture is essential for improving future core nursing competency in senior nursing students.