Child Health Nursing Research最新文献

Purpose: To analyze the general, clinical, and sedation-related characteristics of pediatric inpatients who received procedural sedation from pediatric sedation nurses, and to identify the incidence of sedation-related adverse events and sedation failure.

Methods: The medical records of 585 patients under 18 years who were hospitalized in the pediatric wards of a tertiary hospital and received procedural sedation from pediatric sedation nurses from April to September 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Data were analyzed using chi-square and t-tests.

Results: Among the 585 participants, 59.3% were male, and the median age was 38 months. The main departments were hemato-oncology (17.9%), neurology (16.1%), and thoracic surgery (11.8%). A total of 671 procedures were performed; the main ones were echocardiography (18.3%), computed tomography (15.1%), and magnetic resonance imaging (14.0%). 84.6% of the patients experienced no adverse events. The main adverse event was oxygen desaturation (13.2%), with interventions including oxygen supplementation (12.1%) and airway repositioning (4.6%). Adverse events occurred significantly more often in patients in American Society of Anesthesiologists class III-IV (χ2=15.35, p<.001), neurology patients (χ2=7.10, p=.008), patients undergoing spinal tapping (χ2=9.49, p=.002), patients undergoing multiple procedures (χ2=7.64, p=.006), and those receiving combined oral and intravenous sedation (χ2=53.82, p<.001).

Conclusion: Procedural sedation provided by pediatric sedation nurses was performed safely and effectively for pediatric inpatients with various characteristics. Further research is necessary to assess pediatric sedation nurses' current sedation practices across various medical institutions and clinical settings.

Purpose: Education on infant safe sleep practices has been known to reduce the risk of sleep-related sudden unexpected infant death. Since sleep environments may vary across sociocultural contexts, infant safe sleep education needs to reflect specific sociocultural settings. This study aimed to develop an educational Protocol for Infant Safe Sleep (PISS) for primary caregivers in Korea that considers parenting behaviors and cultural characteristics.

Methods: This study was conducted in three key methodological steps: (1) retrieval, defining, and systematic classification of PISS content; (2) the structural formulation of the content as an educational protocol; and (3) content validation. For the first step, a literature review was conducted, along with an analysis of educational materials from institution websites related to infant safe sleep and online parenting communities. Field observations were also conducted to identify relevant Korean culture characteristics. Based on these findings, the PISS was developed. Content validity index was assessed by six professionals, and the results were reflected into the educational program.

Results: The PISS intervention provided an educational video and booklet and enhanced learning via phone counseling and educational kit, which comprised an illustrated safe sleep sticker and a calendar-style activity diary. The educational content consisted of (1) sleep location, (2) sleep position, (3) bedding, (4) clothes and temperature, and (5) other considerations.

Conclusion: This study developed the PISS, an intangible educational intervention based on Korean sociocultural characteristics and specific guidelines for primary caregivers. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of this program in promoting safe sleep practices.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify differences in perceived task performance, task importance, and educational needs for novice-level tasks among neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses with varying levels of clinical experience and to provide foundational data for developing systematic educational programs to strengthen the competencies of novice nurses.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the NICUs of three hospitals-one university-affiliated hospital and two general hospitals located in B Metropolitan City, South Korea. Using convenience sampling, 116 staff nurses with at least 3 months of NICU experience were surveyed between March and November 2025. For comparative analysis, participants were divided into three career groups based on their NICU experience: <3 years, 3-9 years, and ≥9 years. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and the Scheffé test with IBM SPSS ver. 25.0, and importance-performance analysis (IPA) was conducted to prioritize educational needs.

Results: Across all career groups, the "direct nursing performance" domain showed the highest task performance. Novice nurses with <3 years of experience reported significantly higher performance in central line care and transfusion management than those with ≥9 years of experience. The IPA identified central line management, and transfusion management as priority areas for improvement, while vital sign monitoring, respiratory surveillance and discharge education for parents were common educational needs regardless of experience level.

Conclusion: Educational programs for novice NICU nurses should focus on strengthening patient safety-related competencies and should be progressively structured with simulation and case-based learning to enhance clinical performance.

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to develop and conduct an initial evaluation of a self-care improvement program for older school-aged children with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used with 20 children in grades 4-6 diagnosed with AD. The experimental group (n=12) received a 5-week Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB)-based program, which included five 40-minute sessions for children and one 50-minute session for mothers. The control group (n=8) received usual care. Data was collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 4 weeks post-intervention. Outcome variables included AD knowledge, motivation for AD self-care, self-efficacy for managing AD, self-care behaviors, and AD severity. Generalized estimating equations were used for analysis.

Results: Time-by-group interaction effects were observed for AD knowledge (p<.001), personal motivation (p=.011), self-efficacy (p=.034), self-care behaviors (p=.027), and AD severity (p=.039). Improvements in knowledge, motivation, and self-efficacy persisted through follow-up, while changes in self-care behaviors and AD severity were significant only at posttest.

Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that an IMB-based self-care program can improve knowledge, motivation, and self-efficacy in children with AD, leading to better self-care behaviors and reduced symptom severity. These findings support the feasibility and potential usefulness of a structured, theory-based intervention. Further fully powered trials are needed to confirm effectiveness and identify strategies for maintaining long-term outcomes.

Purpose: This study compared healthy lifestyle (HLS) practices and awareness regarding the use of chatbots (A-uC) for health management between childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACSs) and their parents, with the aim of assessing the feasibility of tailored artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot-based interventions for holistic survivorship care.

Methods: A descriptive comparative design was employed involving 80 CACSs and 80 parents (N=160) recruited through the Korean Pediatric Cancer Foundation. HLS practices were assessed using a validated seven-domain instrument encompassing physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal relations, stress management, positive life perspective, health responsibility, and spiritual health. A-uC was evaluated using an extended technology acceptance model-based tool. Responses to the open-ended question addressing unmet HLS practices were analyzed using latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling.

Results: No significant differences were observed between CACSs and parents in overall HLS (CACSs: 3.16±0.80; parents: 3.18±0.36, p=.74). While perceptions across most A-uC domains did not differ significantly, parents demonstrated a significantly higher "intention to use" chatbots for health management than CACSs (p=.03). The mean A-uC scores exceeded 4 (out of 5) in both groups, reflecting positive perceptions of chatbot-based HLS support. Topic modeling identified "exercise," "healthy diet," and "regular lifestyle" as common unmet areas.

Conclusion: CACSs and their parents share largely concordant views on HLS and A-uC, with a strong interest in chatbot interventions. These findings underscore the potential of tailored AI chatbot programs to address unmet lifestyle needs and promote holistic survivorship care.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore nurses' experiences with hospitalized children's fall accidents. The findings are intended to provide foundational data for developing strategies to strengthen patient safety for children.

Methods: Participants were purposively sampled. The sample consisted of eight nurses working in the pediatric departments of hospitals located in Daegu and Seoul in South Korea. All participants had experienced at least one fall accident involving a hospitalized child within the past year. Data were collected through in-depth interviews conducted between February 1 and April 30, 2025. The collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis method.

Results: The data analysis revealed four themes and 12 subthemes, which were derived from 111 significant statements and reflect pediatric ward nurses' experiences with inpatient fall incidents. The four themes were: "encountering fall risks beyond nurses' control," "ineffective fall education and formalized safety practices," "limitations of assessment tools and the growth of reflective practice," and "moving toward comprehensive fall prevention and management strategies."

Conclusion: Nurses recognized that the risk of pediatric falls was often beyond their control, and that fall prevention education did not always translate into practice. Reflective analysis of fall incidents, age- and patient-specific fall nursing interventions, and the establishment of an integrated support system are needed for effective fall prevention and management. These findings are expected to provide basic data to guide nursing care that prevents fall accidents and improves children's patient safety.

Purpose: North Korean refugee women face multiple vulnerabilities during pregnancy and early childrearing due to fragmented support and limited familiarity with Korea's health and welfare systems. Existing research has examined isolated barriers. This study used a service design approach to explore their maternal-infant care experiences and identify structural discontinuities across the care pathway.

Methods: Data were collected from North Korean refugee mothers and service providers from April to August 2024. A service design approach using user journey mapping, thematic analysis, and service blueprinting was employed to examine user actions, emotional trajectories, frontline interactions, and backstage and interagency processes.

Results: Five structural issues were identified: fragmented information, cross-institutional access barriers, cultural and emotional isolation, discontinuity in interagency linkage, and provider resource constraints. These issues accumulated along the pathway, increasing emotional burden, delaying timely care, and reinforcing avoidance behaviors. Misalignment between user needs and multi-agency processes was also evident.

Conclusion: Maternal and infant care challenges among North Korean refugee women stem from structural fragmentation rather than individual factors. Based on these findings, the NK Mom Care Navigator-a pathway-based, culturally responsive service design model-is proposed to strengthen continuity of care and enhance equitable maternal-infant support for vulnerable refugee families.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify distinct subjective viewpoints regarding the perceived effects of energy drink consumption among South Korean male high school students.

Methods: Using Q methodology, a concourse of statements was developed through interviews and literature reviews, and refined into 35 Q samples. Forty male high school students were recruited via snowball sampling to reflect diverse consumption patterns and attitudes. Participants sorted the Q samples using a forced distribution procedure. Data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program.

Results: Four distinct groups of male adolescents were identified based on their perceived effects of energy drink consumption: (1) effect-oriented experience sharers, (2) ambivalent recognizers of experience, (3) alternative-seeking evaluators, and (4) emotionally reactive responders. These groups' perceptions were shaped by peer influence, personal consumption experiences, and levels of self-regulation.

Conclusion: By typifying the subjective perceptions of Korean male high school students regarding energy drink consumption, this study provides a foundational understanding of how adolescents interpret and respond to such health behaviors. These insights can guide the development of tailored health education programs that address the unique needs and attitudes of each group.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a virtual reality (VR) program and simulation training on nursing students' ability to measure vital signs in children.

Methods: This mixed-methods study, which included a randomized controlled trial and a qualitative study, was conducted from June 12 to November 15, 2023. Forty-four nursing students from a university in South Korea were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group first participated in a VR program focused on measuring vital signs in children, followed by a high-fidelity simulation training. The control group received the training in the reverse order. The participants' knowledge, confidence in practice, and satisfaction with the practice were analyzed using the repeated-measures analysis of variance. VR learning experiences were analyzed through qualitative content analysis.

Results: Both the experimental and control groups showed significant increases in knowledge and confidence in practice after the interventions compared to baseline. However, there were no significant differences in changes in knowledge, confidence in practice, and satisfaction with practice between the two groups. Three themes were identified from the nursing students' experiences with VR learning: 'realistic learning training,' 'overcoming learning limitations,' and 'perceiving drawbacks.'

Conclusion: The VR program was as effective as high-fidelity simulation training in improving nursing students' ability to measure children's vital signs. Moreover, VR program offered additional benefits in addressing limitations of simulation-based learning. These findings suggest that VR program can serve as a valuable educational tool to enhance pediatric nursing skills.