International Society for Neurofeedback and Research (ISNR)
{"title":"Proceedings of the 2020 ISNR Annual Conference: Keynote and Plenary Sessions","authors":"International Society for Neurofeedback and Research (ISNR)","doi":"10.15540/nr.7.4.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/nr.7.4.158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42784574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an idiopathic disorder of the extrapyramidal system. As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic unfolds, the continuity of essential services for neurodegenerative disorders and similar chronic health problems is a significant concern especially for South Asian regions, including Pakistan. Reportedly, Pakistan has about 450,000 PD patients afflicted with PD, which accounts for about 219 PD patients per 100,000 individuals (Hussain et al., 2017). As COVID-19 is still prevalent throughout the country, it might contribute to a coexisting burden of PD on our healthcare systems.
帕金森病(PD)是一种锥体外系系统的特发性疾病。随着2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行的展开，神经退行性疾病和类似慢性健康问题的基本服务的连续性是一个重大问题，特别是对包括巴基斯坦在内的南亚地区。据报道，巴基斯坦约有45万PD患者，每10万人中约有219名PD患者(Hussain et al.， 2017)。由于COVID-19在全国仍然普遍存在，它可能会导致PD对我们的医疗系统造成共存的负担。
{"title":"Care for Parkinson’s Disease Patients in Pakistan: A Call for Help during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Sohaib Zahid, Sajjad Ali, Areeb Mohsin","doi":"10.15540/nr.7.4.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/nr.7.4.156","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD) is an idiopathic disorder of the extrapyramidal system. As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic unfolds, the continuity of essential services for neurodegenerative disorders and similar chronic health problems is a significant concern especially for South Asian regions, including Pakistan. Reportedly, Pakistan has about 450,000 PD patients afflicted with PD, which accounts for about 219 PD patients per 100,000 individuals (Hussain et al., 2017). As COVID-19 is still prevalent throughout the country, it might contribute to a coexisting burden of PD on our healthcare systems.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43122687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lelah S. Villalpando, Connie J. McReynolds, Grace Lee, S. Montgomery, D. Vermeersch
Novel, effective, and accessible therapeutic interventions for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are in demand given the significant physical and psychosocial impairment associated with the disorder. Although PTSD is largely treated with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), treatment resistance, or nonresponse rates, continues to remain high. Research has shown talk therapies can trigger the limbic system, keeping it in a continual state of fight or flight. Consequently, many trauma survivors seek alternative treatments, such as EEG neurofeedback training. This study explored the relationship between trauma-related symptoms (i.e., inattention and impulsivity) and visual and auditory functioning in a population of veterans and nonmilitary adults who reported previously being diagnosed with PTSD by a mental health clinician. Results suggest that EEG neurofeedback therapy is clinically effective for improving visual and auditory attentional functioning in both veterans and nonmilitary adults. Improved attentional functioning is believed to boost organizational skills, decision-making, frustration tolerance, and comprehension. This is important given that two-thirds of veterans who complete CBT programs remain in the clinical range for PTSD with notable attention deficits. Treatment outcome research, such as this study, is vital to improve the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for persons diagnosed with PTSD, particularly within specific populations that have high nonresponse rates, such as veterans. significant distress in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning H. The symptoms are not attributable to the effects of a substance or medical condition
{"title":"Neurofeedback: An Examination of Attentional Processes in Adults with Self-Reported PTSD Symptoms","authors":"Lelah S. Villalpando, Connie J. McReynolds, Grace Lee, S. Montgomery, D. Vermeersch","doi":"10.15540/nr.7.4.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/nr.7.4.142","url":null,"abstract":"Novel, effective, and accessible therapeutic interventions for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are in demand given the significant physical and psychosocial impairment associated with the disorder. Although PTSD is largely treated with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), treatment resistance, or nonresponse rates, continues to remain high. Research has shown talk therapies can trigger the limbic system, keeping it in a continual state of fight or flight. Consequently, many trauma survivors seek alternative treatments, such as EEG neurofeedback training. This study explored the relationship between trauma-related symptoms (i.e., inattention and impulsivity) and visual and auditory functioning in a population of veterans and nonmilitary adults who reported previously being diagnosed with PTSD by a mental health clinician. Results suggest that EEG neurofeedback therapy is clinically effective for improving visual and auditory attentional functioning in both veterans and nonmilitary adults. Improved attentional functioning is believed to boost organizational skills, decision-making, frustration tolerance, and comprehension. This is important given that two-thirds of veterans who complete CBT programs remain in the clinical range for PTSD with notable attention deficits. Treatment outcome research, such as this study, is vital to improve the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for persons diagnosed with PTSD, particularly within specific populations that have high nonresponse rates, such as veterans. significant distress in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning H. The symptoms are not attributable to the effects of a substance or medical condition","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44216271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gregory S. Berlin, A. Mathew, Salahadin Lotfi, Ashleigh M. Harvey, Han-Joo Lee
Working memory (WM) is a core cognitive ability important for everyday functioning. A burgeoning area of research suggests that WM can be improved via working memory training (WMT) paradigms. Additionally, recent research has shown that WM may be enhanced through noninvasive neuromodulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). In this study, we evaluated how a single-session, brief-but-concentrated combination of tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC; F3 region), paired with a WMT paradigm utilizing emotional stimuli (emotional n- back) could produce gains in WM and associated, untrained cognitive abilities. Healthy undergraduate participants were randomized to receive either active tDCS and WMT, or sham-tDCS and WMT. Cognitive abilities (WM, attention control, and cognitive inhibition) were measured before and after the intervention. No significant differences were found in WM performance or associated abilities between those who received active or sham tDCS. Individuals in both groups evidenced a faster reaction time on an Operation Span task, and an Emotional Stroop Task, following the WMT session. These findings add to the mixed picture of the effectiveness of single-session WMT protocols and highlight the importance of the dose-response relationship in training core cognitive processes such as WM.
{"title":"Evaluating the Effects of Online tDCS with Emotional n-back Training on Working Memory and Associated Cognitive Abilities","authors":"Gregory S. Berlin, A. Mathew, Salahadin Lotfi, Ashleigh M. Harvey, Han-Joo Lee","doi":"10.15540/NR.7.3.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/NR.7.3.129","url":null,"abstract":"Working memory (WM) is a core cognitive ability important for everyday functioning. A burgeoning area of research suggests that WM can be improved via working memory training (WMT) paradigms. Additionally, recent research has shown that WM may be enhanced through noninvasive neuromodulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). In this study, we evaluated how a single-session, brief-but-concentrated combination of tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC; F3 region), paired with a WMT paradigm utilizing emotional stimuli (emotional n- back) could produce gains in WM and associated, untrained cognitive abilities. Healthy undergraduate participants were randomized to receive either active tDCS and WMT, or sham-tDCS and WMT. Cognitive abilities (WM, attention control, and cognitive inhibition) were measured before and after the intervention. No significant differences were found in WM performance or associated abilities between those who received active or sham tDCS. Individuals in both groups evidenced a faster reaction time on an Operation Span task, and an Emotional Stroop Task, following the WMT session. These findings add to the mixed picture of the effectiveness of single-session WMT protocols and highlight the importance of the dose-response relationship in training core cognitive processes such as WM.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47361778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to confirm the effect of threshold setting on the performance of neurofeedback training. The experimental conditions used to confirm the effect of the different threshold settings on the degree of electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in the initial training conditions were unfamiliar to neurofeedback. Rewards were presented in low , medium , and high frequency groups according to the different threshold settings. The sensory-motor rhythm (SMR; 12–15 Hz) neurofeedback protocol was performed for all groups. We looked at whether the posttraining brain wave increases were significant in each group compared to the brain waves during training. The SMR protocol was performed in a single session and consisted of four blocks totaling 10 minutes. EEG data was collected before training as a baseline, during training, and posttraining. The results of the group analysis showed that the mean SMR value of the posterior EEG in the high frequency group was significantly higher than the SMR value in the first EEG block. The threshold settings affected learning in neurofeedback training. It was found that initially setting the threshold value for easy compensation was more effective than the setting for hard compensation.
{"title":"Effect of Threshold Setting on Neurofeedback Training","authors":"S. Nam, S. Choi","doi":"10.15540/NR.7.3.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/NR.7.3.107","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to confirm the effect of threshold setting on the performance of neurofeedback training. The experimental conditions used to confirm the effect of the different threshold settings on the degree of electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in the initial training conditions were unfamiliar to neurofeedback. Rewards were presented in low , medium , and high frequency groups according to the different threshold settings. The sensory-motor rhythm (SMR; 12–15 Hz) neurofeedback protocol was performed for all groups. We looked at whether the posttraining brain wave increases were significant in each group compared to the brain waves during training. The SMR protocol was performed in a single session and consisted of four blocks totaling 10 minutes. EEG data was collected before training as a baseline, during training, and posttraining. The results of the group analysis showed that the mean SMR value of the posterior EEG in the high frequency group was significantly higher than the SMR value in the first EEG block. The threshold settings affected learning in neurofeedback training. It was found that initially setting the threshold value for easy compensation was more effective than the setting for hard compensation.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42123174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Devon E. Romero, Aneesa Anderson, J. Gregory, C. Potts, A. Jackson, J. Spears, M. Jones, Stacy Speedlin
This study examines the effectiveness of neurofeedback training for individuals presenting with a primary concern of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. The present study includes 21 adult clients with 62% (n = 13) selfreporting as female. Participants completed preand postassessments including the Davidson Trauma Scale and Inventory of Altered Self-Capacities and participated in neurofeedback training sessions twice a week for one academic semester. Neurofeedback training involved decreasing 2–6 Hz and 22–36 Hz while increasing 10–13 Hz with a placement of T4 as the active site and P4 as the reference site. Study findings demonstrated statistically significant improvement in affect regulation and trauma symptom severity and frequency. We present limitations and implications for future research.
{"title":"Using Neurofeedback to Lower PTSD Symptoms","authors":"Devon E. Romero, Aneesa Anderson, J. Gregory, C. Potts, A. Jackson, J. Spears, M. Jones, Stacy Speedlin","doi":"10.15540/NR.7.3.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/NR.7.3.99","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effectiveness of neurofeedback training for individuals presenting with a primary concern of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. The present study includes 21 adult clients with 62% (n = 13) selfreporting as female. Participants completed preand postassessments including the Davidson Trauma Scale and Inventory of Altered Self-Capacities and participated in neurofeedback training sessions twice a week for one academic semester. Neurofeedback training involved decreasing 2–6 Hz and 22–36 Hz while increasing 10–13 Hz with a placement of T4 as the active site and P4 as the reference site. Study findings demonstrated statistically significant improvement in affect regulation and trauma symptom severity and frequency. We present limitations and implications for future research.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44368929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Gupta, M. Afsar, Yadav Rp, D. Shukla, J. Rajeswaran
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death, and its survivors with a disability are considered to be an important global health priority. In view of a diverse range of disability and its impact on TBI survivors, the need for effective rehabilitation modalities is on a high rise. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of EEG neurofeedback training (EEG-NFT) in moderate–severe TBI patients on their clinical and electrophysiological outcomes. The study was an experimental longitudinal design with a pre-post comparison. A total of 14 TBI patients in a postinjury period between 3 months to 2 years were recruited. All participants received twenty sessions of EEG-NFT. Baseline and post-NFT comparisons were made on postconcussion symptoms (PCS) and electrophysiological variables. The result indicates a significant reduction in the severity of PCS following EEG-NFT. A consistent pattern of reduced slow waves and fast waves amplitude ratios was also noted at post-NFT, although it was not significant across all the brain regions. The present study suggests EEG-NFT as a contributing factor in improving PCS and normalization of qEEG in TBI patients, which holds an implication for clinical decision-making of EEG-NFT as a viable alternative to be offered to TBI patients.
{"title":"Effect of EEG Neurofeedback Training in Patients with Moderate–Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical and Electrophysiological Outcome Study","authors":"R. Gupta, M. Afsar, Yadav Rp, D. Shukla, J. Rajeswaran","doi":"10.15540/nr.7.2.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/nr.7.2.75","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death, and its survivors with a disability are considered to be an important global health priority. In view of a diverse range of disability and its impact on TBI survivors, the need for effective rehabilitation modalities is on a high rise. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of EEG neurofeedback training (EEG-NFT) in moderate–severe TBI patients on their clinical and electrophysiological outcomes. The study was an experimental longitudinal design with a pre-post comparison. A total of 14 TBI patients in a postinjury period between 3 months to 2 years were recruited. All participants received twenty sessions of EEG-NFT. Baseline and post-NFT comparisons were made on postconcussion symptoms (PCS) and electrophysiological variables. The result indicates a significant reduction in the severity of PCS following EEG-NFT. A consistent pattern of reduced slow waves and fast waves amplitude ratios was also noted at post-NFT, although it was not significant across all the brain regions. The present study suggests EEG-NFT as a contributing factor in improving PCS and normalization of qEEG in TBI patients, which holds an implication for clinical decision-making of EEG-NFT as a viable alternative to be offered to TBI patients.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42810987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karlien Balt, P. D. Toit, Mark E. B. Smith, C. V. Rensburg
Peripheral body monitoring of autonomic nervous system (ANS) response has been routinely applied during infraslow fluctuation (ISF) neurofeedback training. This study hypothesized that ISF training has a distinct physiological effect on an individual that can be revealed by measuring autonomic function with peripheral biofeedback metrics that included heart rate variability (HRV), muscle tension, skin temperature, skin conductance, heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure. Methods. Thirty adults between the ages of 18 and 55, primarily with anxiety, were randomized into two groups: 20 in the experimental group and 9 in the control group. The experimental group completed 10 ISF neurofeedback training sessions while continuous monitoring of ANS changes was applied. The same process was completed for a control group that received one-channel sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) neurofeedback training. Results. Significant changes were seen in the skin conductance (p < .0001), electromyography (p = .01), very low frequency (p = .004), low frequency of HRV (p = .05) and blood pressure (systolic change p = .049) in the experimental group. No significant changes were seen in the control group. Conclusion. The study demonstrated that ISF neurofeedback training impacts the ANS as measured by peripheral biofeedback indicators.
{"title":"The The Effect of Infraslow Frequency Neurofeedback on Autonomic Nervous System Function in Adults with Anxiety and Related Diseases","authors":"Karlien Balt, P. D. Toit, Mark E. B. Smith, C. V. Rensburg","doi":"10.15540/nr.7.2.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/nr.7.2.64","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral body monitoring of autonomic nervous system (ANS) response has been routinely applied during infraslow fluctuation (ISF) neurofeedback training. This study hypothesized that ISF training has a distinct physiological effect on an individual that can be revealed by measuring autonomic function with peripheral biofeedback metrics that included heart rate variability (HRV), muscle tension, skin temperature, skin conductance, heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure. Methods. Thirty adults between the ages of 18 and 55, primarily with anxiety, were randomized into two groups: 20 in the experimental group and 9 in the control group. The experimental group completed 10 ISF neurofeedback training sessions while continuous monitoring of ANS changes was applied. The same process was completed for a control group that received one-channel sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) neurofeedback training. Results. Significant changes were seen in the skin conductance (p < .0001), electromyography (p = .01), very low frequency (p = .004), low frequency of HRV (p = .05) and blood pressure (systolic change p = .049) in the experimental group. No significant changes were seen in the control group. Conclusion. The study demonstrated that ISF neurofeedback training impacts the ANS as measured by peripheral biofeedback indicators.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48461575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.20944/preprints202004.0443.v1
M. Bayat, Mahshid Tahamtan, M. Sabeti, M. Nami
Purpose: Dysarthria, a neurological injury of the motor component of the speech circuitry, is of common consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Palilalia is a speech disorder characterized by involuntary repetition of words, phrases, or sentences. Based on the evidence supporting the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in some speech and language disorders, we hypothesized that using tDCS would enhances the effectiveness of speech therapy in a client with chronic dysarthria following TBI. Method: We applied the constructs of the “Be Clear” protocol, a relatively new approach in speech therapy in dysarthria, together with tDCS on a chronic subject who affected by dysarthria and palilalia after TBI. Since there was no research on the use of tDCS in such cases, regions of interest (ROIs) were identified based on deviant brain electrophysiological patterns in speech tasks and resting state compared with normal expected patterns using the Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG) analysis. Results: Measures of perceptual assessments of intelligibility, an important index in the assessment of dysarthria, were superior to the primary protocol results immediately and 4 months after intervention. We did not find any factor other than the use of tDCS to justify this superiority. The percentage of repeated words, an index in palilalia assessment, had a remarkable improvement immediately after intervention but fell somewhat after 4 months. We justified this case with subcortical origins of palilalia. Conclusion: Our present case-based findings suggested that applying tDCS together with speech therapy may improve intelligibility in similar case profiles as compared to traditional speech therapy. To reconfirm the effectiveness of the above approach in cases with dysarthria following TBI, more investigation need to be pursued.
{"title":"The Clinical Outcome of Concurrent Speech Therapy and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Dysarthria and Palilalia Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Study","authors":"M. Bayat, Mahshid Tahamtan, M. Sabeti, M. Nami","doi":"10.20944/preprints202004.0443.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202004.0443.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Dysarthria, a neurological injury of the motor component of the speech circuitry, is of common consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Palilalia is a speech disorder characterized by involuntary repetition of words, phrases, or sentences. Based on the evidence supporting the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in some speech and language disorders, we hypothesized that using tDCS would enhances the effectiveness of speech therapy in a client with chronic dysarthria following TBI. Method: We applied the constructs of the “Be Clear” protocol, a relatively new approach in speech therapy in dysarthria, together with tDCS on a chronic subject who affected by dysarthria and palilalia after TBI. Since there was no research on the use of tDCS in such cases, regions of interest (ROIs) were identified based on deviant brain electrophysiological patterns in speech tasks and resting state compared with normal expected patterns using the Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG) analysis. Results: Measures of perceptual assessments of intelligibility, an important index in the assessment of dysarthria, were superior to the primary protocol results immediately and 4 months after intervention. We did not find any factor other than the use of tDCS to justify this superiority. The percentage of repeated words, an index in palilalia assessment, had a remarkable improvement immediately after intervention but fell somewhat after 4 months. We justified this case with subcortical origins of palilalia. Conclusion: Our present case-based findings suggested that applying tDCS together with speech therapy may improve intelligibility in similar case profiles as compared to traditional speech therapy. To reconfirm the effectiveness of the above approach in cases with dysarthria following TBI, more investigation need to be pursued.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48718696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been shown to improve cardiac function and heart failure symptoms. The VITARIA System provides chronic stimulation through a self-sizing, atraumatic lead placed around the cervical vagus nerve. The lead is identical to the predecessor M304 lead, which has been implanted in patients since 2009 for treatment of epilepsy and depression. Its long-term performance has not been previously reported. Methods: All leads implanted in the United States for any indication were included in this analysis. All available data on lead explants, replacements, and customer complaints were used to identify failures. Lead survival was defined as likelihood of the implanted lead remaining implanted and performing as intended. Results: The M304 lead has been part of 31,000 implantations, with 72,100 device-years of patient exposure. In 11,000 patients, 99.4% of leads remained implanted and performing as intended after 1 year. At 7 years, 95.7% of leads performed as intended. Lead failure is rare, with common causes being infection (0.87%) and vocal cord dysfunction (0.68%). Conclusions: The M304 VNS lead has been used for neuromodulation in over 30,000 patients for over 70,000 device-years. Cumulative lead survival has exceeded design requirements and has low rates of complications and failures.
{"title":"Long-Term Lead Performance for Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Low Rate of Complications and Failures","authors":"I. Anand, I. Libbus, L. DiCarlo","doi":"10.15540/nr.7.1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15540/nr.7.1.26","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been shown to improve cardiac function and heart failure symptoms. The VITARIA System provides chronic stimulation through a self-sizing, atraumatic lead placed around the cervical vagus nerve. The lead is identical to the predecessor M304 lead, which has been implanted in patients since 2009 for treatment of epilepsy and depression. Its long-term performance has not been previously reported. Methods: All leads implanted in the United States for any indication were included in this analysis. All available data on lead explants, replacements, and customer complaints were used to identify failures. Lead survival was defined as likelihood of the implanted lead remaining implanted and performing as intended. Results: The M304 lead has been part of 31,000 implantations, with 72,100 device-years of patient exposure. In 11,000 patients, 99.4% of leads remained implanted and performing as intended after 1 year. At 7 years, 95.7% of leads performed as intended. Lead failure is rare, with common causes being infection (0.87%) and vocal cord dysfunction (0.68%). Conclusions: The M304 VNS lead has been used for neuromodulation in over 30,000 patients for over 70,000 device-years. Cumulative lead survival has exceeded design requirements and has low rates of complications and failures.","PeriodicalId":37439,"journal":{"name":"NeuroRegulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45892936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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