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The do’s and don’ts of supervisor behavior. Supervisor personality as predictor for subordinate’s job insecurity and citizenship behaviors 主管行为的注意事项。主管人格对下属工作不安全感与公民行为的预测作用
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.24837/PRU.V19I1.478
A. Petrișor, L. Maricuţoiu, F. Sava
Supervisor behavior can be easily interpreted in a positive or negative key; therefore subordinates’ perceptions regarding their supervisor behavior can be biased by numerous personal variables. In the present study we collected data from 20 supervisors and 402 subordinates, and we investigated the relationships between these two perspectives. The supervisors completed two popular self-reported personality scales (i.e., a Big Five scale and a questionnaire that assessed psychopathic tendencies), while their subordinates responded to scales that assessed their level of job insecurity and their self-reported organizational citizenship behaviors. Our multilevel analyses indicated significant relationships between subordinates’ variables (i.e., job insecurity, organizational citizenship behaviors) and their managers’ agreeableness or their managers’ primary psychopathy. In addition, multilevel structural equation models confirmed that subordinates’ job insecurity partially mediated the relationship between supervisors’ primary psychopathy and subordinates’ citizenship behaviors. These findings confirmed the theoretical assumptions of the social learning theory, which anticipated the relationships between supervisors’ behaviors and employees’ behaviors.   
管理者的行为可以很容易地用积极或消极的关键来解释;因此,下属对上级行为的看法可能会受到许多个人变量的影响。在本研究中,我们收集了20位主管和402位下属的数据,并调查了这两种观点之间的关系。主管完成了两份流行的自我报告人格量表(即大五人格量表和评估精神病态倾向的问卷),而下属则完成了评估工作不安全感水平和自我报告组织公民行为的量表。我们的多层次分析表明,下属的变量(即工作不安全感、组织公民行为)与管理者的亲和性或管理者的原发性精神病之间存在显著的关系。此外,多层结构方程模型证实了下属工作不安全感在主管原发性精神病与下属公民行为之间的关系中起到部分中介作用。这些发现证实了社会学习理论的理论假设,该理论预测了主管行为和员工行为之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Work Alienation in the Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Injustice and Counterproductive Work Behaviors 工作异化在感知组织不公正与反生产工作行为关系中的作用
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.24837/PRU.V19I1.487
Gabriel Amzulescu, Andreea Butucescu
Previous studies supported the relationship between perceived organizational injustice and counterproductive behaviors at work, and in the current research the emphasis is on the explanatory mechanism of alienation. This study aims to investigate whether work alienation could be a potential mediator in the relationship between the two constructs. In an attempt to research an explanatory mechanism that is less addressed in the literature, a non-experimental cross-sectional study was conducted, based on a sample of 145 participants from different industries. The statistical analysis’ results indicated that perceived organizational injustice is a significant predictor of counterproductive behavior. Furthermore, workplace alienation has completely mediated the relationship between perceived organizational injustice and employees’ counterproductive behaviors. These findings reiterate the role and importance of employees' perceptions of organizational justice in the emergence and possible reduction of counterproductive behaviors that are detrimental to both the organization and individuals. The data obtained also supported a possible explanatory mechanism of their relationship.
先前的研究支持感知到的组织不公正与工作中的反作用行为之间的关系,而在当前的研究中,重点是异化的解释机制。本研究旨在探讨工作异化是否可能成为两种结构之间关系的潜在中介。为了研究文献中较少提及的解释机制,基于来自不同行业的145名参与者的样本,进行了一项非实验性的横断面研究。统计分析的结果表明,感知到的组织不公正是反作用行为的重要预测因素。此外,工作场所异化完全中介了感知到的组织不公正与员工适得其反行为之间的关系。这些发现重申了员工对组织正义的感知在出现和可能减少对组织和个人都有害的反作用行为中的作用和重要性。所获得的数据也支持了它们之间关系的可能解释机制。
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引用次数: 3
Development of a New Personality-Oriented Work Analysis Questionnaire: First Steps Towards Validation 一种新的以个性为导向的工作分析问卷的开发:验证的第一步
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.24837/PRU.V19I1.484
A. Manea, D. Iliescu
In this paper we detail the construction and validation process for a new personality-oriented work analysis instrument, in the form of a standardized questionnaire, based on extant research that shows that personality traits are good predictors of job performance. We present the process of item development, frame of reference training, rating scale creation, and the selection of subject matter experts. By administering the instrument to three distinct positions, the interrater reliability coefficients resulted between .80 and .94. We also investigated the instrument’s ability to discriminate between the same rated positions, and the results for this indicator were quite low. Conclusions provide some possible explanations for the lower resulted discriminability. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed as well as other future research for general improvement of data quality.
本文在现有研究的基础上,以标准化问卷的形式,详细介绍了一种新的面向人格的工作分析工具的构建和验证过程,该工具表明人格特质是工作绩效的良好预测因素。我们介绍了项目开发、参考框架培训、评分量表创建和主题专家选择的过程。通过将仪器管理到三个不同的位置,交互信度系数在0.80到0.94之间。我们还调查了仪器的能力,以区分相同的评级立场,结果这个指标是相当低的。结论为较低的判别性提供了一些可能的解释。讨论了实际和理论意义以及其他未来研究对数据质量的总体改进。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple team membership: current state of affairs and directions for future research 多个团队成员:现状和未来研究方向
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.24837/PRU.V19I1.490
Nicoleta Meslec
Organizations are operating in environments that are highly dynamic and are faced with the challenge to adapt such that they maintain and even further increase their levels of performance and innovativeness. As a form of adaptation, many organizations changed the way in which they organize their work around teams. Nowadays we see more and more that employees are part of multiple teams (instead of single teams) at the same time and need to contribute to various tasks simultaneously. Reports are indicating that 65-95% of knowledge workers belong to more than one team at the same time (O’Leary, Mortensen & Woolley, 2011). This phenomena of being part of more than one team simultaneously has been defined as multiple-team membership (O’Leary et al. 2011). Other scholars such as Margolis (2019) have defined the concept in a broader way such as employees having membership interdependencies across teams. Despite the fact that multiple team membership is widely used as a form of structuring work in organizations, empirical research on the topic has only recently started to emerge. The seminal theoretical work of O’Leary et al., (2011) has placed the concept on the research agendas of both Organization Behavior and Project Management fields. The review conducted by Margolis (2019) identified 44 research articles connected to the topic of multiple-team membership. The
组织在高度动态的环境中运作,面临着适应的挑战,以保持甚至进一步提高其绩效和创新水平。作为一种适应形式,许多组织改变了围绕团队组织工作的方式。如今,我们越来越多地看到,员工同时是多个团队(而不是单个团队)的一部分,需要同时为各种任务做出贡献。报告显示,65-95%的知识工作者同时属于一个以上的团队(O'Leary,Mortensen&Woolley,2011)。这种同时加入多个团队的现象被定义为多个团队成员(O'Leary等人,2011)。Margolis(2019)等其他学者以更广泛的方式定义了这一概念,例如员工在团队中具有成员相关性。尽管多个团队成员被广泛用作组织结构工作的一种形式,但对这一主题的实证研究直到最近才开始出现。O'Leary等人(2011)的开创性理论工作将这一概念列入了组织行为和项目管理领域的研究议程。Margolis(2019)进行的综述确定了44篇与多团队成员主题相关的研究文章。这个
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引用次数: 0
Significant career change to software development. A life-course perspective 软件开发的重大职业转变。人生历程视角
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.24837/PRU.V19I1.482
Preoteasa Ana Maria
TThe present study, based on qualitative data, investigates the significant career change through the life-course lens. Biographical interviews were conducted with people who changed their profession and the findings were characteristically reflective and subjective, foregrounding the participants’ interpretations of their layers of reality. Different type of resources: individual (Agency), community (Networking), and society (Labour market) were taken into account and the endeavour enabled to capture the triggers involved in career change process. The distinction between voluntary and involuntary career change decision helps to understand the reasons for which the change is chosen. There are major differences between those who leave involuntary their desired profession and those who discover that they have a calling for the software development. Moreover, the results advocate for the importance of early vocational counselling. On the other hand, evidence of discrimination encountered by new programmers could be addressed by HR departments in the IT organizations
本研究以定性数据为基础,从生命历程的角度考察重大职业转变。对那些改行的人进行了传记采访,调查结果具有典型的反思性和主观性,突出了参与者对他们的现实层次的解释。考虑到不同类型的资源:个人(机构)、社区(联网)和社会(劳动力市场),并努力抓住职业转变过程中所涉及的诱因。对自愿和非自愿转行决策的区分有助于理解选择转行的原因。在那些非自愿地离开他们想要的职业的人和那些发现他们有软件开发的召唤的人之间有主要的区别。此外,研究结果还强调了早期职业咨询的重要性。另一方面,新程序员遇到歧视的证据可以由IT组织的人力资源部门来解决
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引用次数: 0
Work-family enrichment of dual-earner couples: a longitudinal study on the effects of personal resources 双职工家庭工作家庭丰富化:个人资源影响的纵向研究
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.24837/pru.v18i2.473
D. Vîrgă, A. Matei
The current study investigated the dyadic longitudinal interaction between psychological capital as a personal resourceand work-family enrichment. Work-family enrichment is a positive transfer by both men and women from the homedomain's job experience. The study involved 129 couples with a broad age range measured at two measurement occasionsspaced three months apart. The design was built on the Work-Home Resources and Spillover-Crossover models. Theanalyses applied in this study were based on Actor–Partner Interdependence Models and extended Common Fate Models.Psychological capital is a predictor of the interpersonal (between partners) and intrapersonal (within the self) level forWFE in the models conducted on dyadic data. Furthermore, shared work-family enrichment predicted sharedpsychological capital from both partners. Thus, personal resources predicted work-family enrichment three months later.Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
本研究调查了作为个人资源的心理资本与工作家庭充实之间的双向纵向互动。工作家庭的丰富是男性和女性从家庭工作经验中积极转移出来的。这项研究涉及129对年龄范围广泛的夫妇,他们在相隔三个月的两次测量中进行了测量。该设计基于工作之家资源和溢出交叉模型。本研究中应用的分析基于行动者-伙伴相互依赖模型和扩展的共同命运模型。在基于二元数据的模型中,心理资本是WFE人际(伙伴之间)和内在(自我内)水平的预测因子。此外,共同的工作-家庭充实预测了来自双方的共同心理资本。因此,个人资源预测了三个月后工作家庭的充实。讨论了理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 4
Fulfilled Expectations about Leaders Predict Engagement through LMX 实现对领导者的期望通过LMX预测敬业度
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.24837/pru.v18i2.475
Andreea Petruş
Drawing on the bandwidth-fidelity principle (Cronbach & Glaser, 1957), this paper challenges the use of broad ImplicitLeadership Theories (ILTs) domains in predicting organizational outcomes (i.e., prototypic ILTs and anti-prototypicILTs) and provides preliminary arguments for examining ILTs narrow traits (e.g., sensitivity, intelligence) effects onLMX and consequently on work engagement. Specifically, using polynomial regression and response surfacemethodology, I examined the effects of followers’ ideal-actual ILTs congruence on LMX. Additionally, using the blockvariable approach, I tested the mediation effects of LMX on the relationship between ideal-actual ILTs congruence andwork engagement, on a sample of 68 employees. The results showed that followers’ fulfilled expectations aboutsensitivity and tyranny had linear effects on LMX, indicating the generalized benefits for leaders to be high on sensitivityand low on tyranny to enhance followers’ LMX. Intelligence, dedication, dynamism, and masculinity had non-lineareffects, revealing that fulfilling followers’ expectations are the best option for leaders to develop high-qualityrelationships with their followers. The mediation hypothesis received partly support, suggesting that additionalmechanisms can explain the relationship between followers’ ideal-actual ILTs congruence and work engagement.
根据带宽保真度原理(Cronbach&Glaser,1957),本文对广泛的隐含领导理论(ILT)领域在预测组织结果(即原型ILT和反原型ILT)方面的使用提出了质疑,并为检验ILT的狭义特征(如敏感性、智力)对LMX以及工作参与的影响提供了初步论据。具体地,使用多项式回归和响应面方法,我检验了追随者的理想实际ILT同余对LMX的影响。此外,使用块变量方法,我在68名员工的样本中测试了LMX对理想实际ILT一致性和工作投入之间关系的中介作用。研究结果表明,追随者对敏感度和暴政的期望实现对LMX有线性影响,表明领导者对敏感度高、暴政低的总体收益可以提高追随者的LMX。智力、奉献精神、活力和男子气概具有非线性效应,这表明满足追随者的期望是领导者与追随者建立高质量关系的最佳选择。中介假说得到了部分支持,表明附加机制可以解释追随者理想的实际ILT一致性与工作投入之间的关系。
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引用次数: 1
Workplace Bullying and Turnover Intention. The Role of Protective versus Vulnerable Personality Factors 职场欺凌与离职倾向。保护性与脆弱性人格因素的作用
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.24837/pru.v18i2.476
D. Iliescu, Andreea Butucescu, M. Mutu
This study investigates the vulnerability/protection effects of the Big Five personality traits (extraversion, openness, agreeability, conscientiousness, neuroticism) on the relationship between bullying and turnover intention. Specifically, based on the assumption of Vulnerability-Stress Model we propose that bullying will predict turnover intention and that this relationship will increase or decrease in accordance with one’s level of certain personality traits. We collected a Convenience sample of 460 employees. Results of the moderation analysis suggests that bullied employees, as an attempt to coping are more inclined to turnover intentions, as preceded suggested by literature. Furthermore, out of all 5 factors, solely extraversion and agreeableness acts like a protective factor.
本研究调查了五大人格特征(外向、开放、随和、尽责、神经质)对欺凌与离职意向关系的脆弱性/保护作用。具体来说,基于脆弱性-压力模型的假设,我们提出欺凌会预测离职意向,并且这种关系会随着一个人某些人格特征的水平而增加或减少。我们收集了460名便利公司员工的样本。适度分析的结果表明,受欺负的员工作为一种应对方式,更倾向于离职意向,正如之前的文献所表明的那样。此外,在所有5个因素中,外向性和宜人性是一个保护因素。
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引用次数: 2
The Path from Leader-Member Exchange to Citizenship: An Empirical Test of Self-Determination as a Linchpin 从领导-成员交换到公民身份的路径:自我决定作为关键的实证检验
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.24837/pru.v18i2.474
Anata-Flavia Ionescu, D. Iliescu
In response to calls to uncover the mechanisms whereby leadership influences subordinate outcomes, the present studyproposes and tests a path from leader-member exchange (LMX) to subordinate organizational citizenship behaviors(OCBs) through work motivation as conceptualized by self-determination theory (SDT). We conducted a survey studyon a Romanian sample of 338 subordinates nested under 59 leaders from a large variety of organizational contexts. Ourfindings at the within-group level offer limited support for the incremental validity of autonomous motivation andamotivation, but suggest controlled motivation—and, through it, LMX—has a negative incremental contribution to bothOCB targeted at co-workers and OCB targeted at the organization. None of the paths was supported at group level.Results thus suggest that leaders should be wary of the consequences of high LMX—despite its established overallpositive influence on OCB, LMX may also undermine OCB to the extent to which it enhances controlled motivation.
为了揭示领导影响下属结果的机制,本研究提出并测试了一条从领导成员交换(LMX)到下属组织公民行为(OCBs)的路径,该路径是通过自决理论(SDT)概念化的工作动机实现的。我们对罗马尼亚的338名下属进行了一项调查研究,他们来自不同的组织环境,嵌套在59名领导之下。我们在团队内部层面的研究结果对自主动机和动机的增量有效性提供了有限的支持,但表明受控动机——以及通过它的LMX——对针对同事的OCB和针对组织的OCB都有负增量贡献。组级别不支持任何路径。因此,研究结果表明,领导者应该警惕高LMX的后果——尽管LMX对OCB产生了全面的积极影响,但它也可能在一定程度上削弱OCB,从而增强受控动机。
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引用次数: 0
Diversity at a crossroads: How diversity research can contribute to the fight for social justice 十字路口的多样性:多样性研究如何为争取社会正义做出贡献
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.24837/pru.v18i2.472
S. Boroș
The current study investigated the dyadic longitudinal interaction between psychological capital as a personal resource and work-family enrichment. Work-family enrichment is a positive transfer by both men and women from the home domain's job experience. The study involved 129 couples with a broad age range measured at two measurement occasions spaced three months apart. The design was built on the Work-Home Resources and Spillover-Crossover models. The analyses applied in this study were based on Actor–Partner Interdependence Models and extended Common Fate Models. Psychological capital is a predictor of the interpersonal (between partners) and intrapersonal (within the self) level for WFE in the models conducted on dyadic data. Furthermore, shared work-family enrichment predicted shared psychological capital from both partners. Thus, personal resources predicted work-family enrichment three months later. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
本研究调查了作为个人资源的心理资本与工作-家庭充实之间的双向纵向互动。工作家庭的丰富是男性和女性从家庭领域的工作经验中积极转移的结果。这项研究涉及129对年龄范围广泛的夫妇,他们在相隔三个月的两次测量中进行了测量。该设计基于工作之家资源和溢出交叉模型。本研究中应用的分析基于行动者-伙伴相互依赖模型和扩展的共同命运模型。在基于二元数据的模型中,心理资本是WFE人际(伴侣之间)和内在(自我内部)水平的预测因子。此外,共同的工作-家庭充实预测了伴侣双方的共同心理资本。因此,个人资源预测了三个月后工作家庭的充实。讨论了理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 1
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Psihologia Resurselor Umane
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